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  1. Article ; Online: Health Advocacy, Policy, and Legislation for Gastroenterology Practices.

    Khan, Naser M / Hennessy, Bruce / Lajin, Michael / Qazi, Husna / Day, Lukejohn

    Clinical gastroenterology and hepatology : the official clinical practice journal of the American Gastroenterological Association

    2023  Volume 21, Issue 9, Page(s) 2174–2177.e1

    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Gastroenterology ; Health Policy ; Gastrointestinal Tract
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-03-17
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2119789-1
    ISSN 1542-7714 ; 1542-3565
    ISSN (online) 1542-7714
    ISSN 1542-3565
    DOI 10.1016/j.cgh.2023.03.008
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: An Investigation of Pediatric Case-patients With Invasive Haemophilus influenzae in Alaska, 2005-2011.

    Nolen, Leisha Diane / Bulkow, Lisa / Singleton, Rosalyn / Hurlburt, Debbie / Debyle, Carolyn / Rudolph, Karen / Hammitt, Laura L / Hennessy, Thomas W / Bruce, Michael G

    The Pediatric infectious disease journal

    2024  

    Abstract: Background: Haemophilus influenzae (Hi) can cause severe disease in children. This study aimed to identify risk factors related to invasive Hi disease in Alaska children and evaluate carriage in people around them.: Methods: From 2005 to 2011, we ... ...

    Abstract Background: Haemophilus influenzae (Hi) can cause severe disease in children. This study aimed to identify risk factors related to invasive Hi disease in Alaska children and evaluate carriage in people around them.
    Methods: From 2005 to 2011, we investigated episodes of invasive, typeable Hi disease in Alaska children aged <10 years. Three age-matched control children were enrolled for each case-patient. We evaluated oropharyngeal Hi carriage in people in close contact with Hi case-patients (contacts) as well as control children and their household members. Individual and household risk factors for illness and carriage were evaluated using questionnaires and chart reviews.
    Results: Thirty-eight of 44 (86%) children with invasive, typeable Hi disease were recruited: 20 Hi serotype a (53%), 13 serotype b (Hib) (34%) and 5 serotype f (13%). Children with the invasive Hi disease were more likely than controls to have underlying health problems (67% vs. 24%, P = 0.001), other carriers of any Hi in their household (61% vs. 15%, P < 0.001), and inadequate Hib vaccination (26% vs. 9%, P = 0.005). People who carried Hi were younger than noncarriers (mean 12.7 vs. 18.0 years, P = 0.008). The carriage was clustered within case-patient households, with carriage in 19% of household contacts, while only 6.3% of nonhousehold contacts and 5.5% of noncontacts carried the Hi serotype of interest (P < 0.001).
    Conclusions: Factors associated with invasive Hi disease in children included underlying health problems, household carriage and inadequate Hib vaccination. The high level of carriage in case-patient households is important to consider when evaluating treatment and prophylaxis strategies.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-02-28
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 392481-6
    ISSN 1532-0987 ; 0891-3668
    ISSN (online) 1532-0987
    ISSN 0891-3668
    DOI 10.1097/INF.0000000000004286
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Response to Editorial.

    Bruce, Michael G / Miernyk, Karen / Sacco, Frank / Thomas, Timothy / McMahon, Brian / Hennessy, Tom

    Helicobacter

    2018  Volume 24, Issue 2, Page(s) e12558

    MeSH term(s) Helicobacter Infections ; Helicobacter pylori ; Humans ; Population Groups ; Stomach Neoplasms
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-12-03
    Publishing country England
    Document type Letter ; Comment
    ZDB-ID 1330665-0
    ISSN 1523-5378 ; 1083-4389
    ISSN (online) 1523-5378
    ISSN 1083-4389
    DOI 10.1111/hel.12558
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  4. Article ; Online: Guidance for resuming GI endoscopy and practice operations after the COVID-19 pandemic.

    Hennessy, Bruce / Vicari, Joseph / Bernstein, Brett / Chapman, Frank / Khaykis, Inessa / Littenberg, Glenn / Robbins, David

    Gastrointestinal endoscopy

    2020  Volume 92, Issue 3, Page(s) 743–747.e1

    MeSH term(s) Appointments and Schedules ; Betacoronavirus ; COVID-19 ; Coronavirus Infections/diagnosis ; Coronavirus Infections/prevention & control ; Coronavirus Infections/transmission ; Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal ; Humans ; Infection Control/organization & administration ; Pandemics/prevention & control ; Personal Protective Equipment ; Pneumonia, Viral/diagnosis ; Pneumonia, Viral/prevention & control ; Pneumonia, Viral/transmission ; SARS-CoV-2
    Keywords covid19
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-05-11
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Editorial
    ZDB-ID 391583-9
    ISSN 1097-6779 ; 0016-5107
    ISSN (online) 1097-6779
    ISSN 0016-5107
    DOI 10.1016/j.gie.2020.05.006
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: A first-in-human study of [<sup>68</sup>Ga]Ga-CDI: a positron emitting radiopharmaceutical for imaging tumour cell death.

    Ho Shon, Ivan / Hennessy, Thomas / Guille, Jennifer / Gotsbacher, Michael P / Lay, Angelina J / McBride, Bruce / Codd, Rachel / Hogg, Philip J

    European journal of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging

    2022  Volume 49, Issue 12, Page(s) 4037–4047

    Abstract: Purpose: This study assesses human biodistribution, radiation dosimetry, safety and tumour uptake of cell death indicator labelled with ... 68 ... Ga ([ ... 68 ... Ga]Ga-CDI), a novel radiopharmaceutical that can image multiple forms of cell death.!## ...

    Abstract Purpose: This study assesses human biodistribution, radiation dosimetry, safety and tumour uptake of cell death indicator labelled with <sup>68</sup>Ga ([<sup>68</sup>Ga]Ga-CDI), a novel radiopharmaceutical that can image multiple forms of cell death.
    Methods: Five participants with at least one extracranial site of solid malignancy > 2 cm and no active cancer treatment in the 8 weeks prior to the study were enrolled. Participants were administered 205 ± 4.1 MBq (range, 200-211 MBq) of [<sup>68</sup>Ga]Ga-CDI and 8 serial PET scans acquired: the first commencing immediately and the last 3 h later. Participants were monitored for clinical, laboratory and electrocardiographic side effects and adverse events. Urine and blood radioactivity was measured. Spherical volumes of interest were drawn over tumour, blood pool and organs to determine biodistribution and calculate dosimetry. In one participant, tumour specimens were analysed for cell death using terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labelling (TUNEL) staining.
    Results: [<sup>68</sup>Ga]Ga-CDI is safe and well-tolerated with no side effects or adverse events. [<sup>68</sup>Ga]Ga-CDI is renally excreted, demonstrates low levels of physiologic uptake in the other organs and has excellent imaging characteristics. The mean effective dose was 2.17E - 02 ± 4.61E - 03 mSv/MBq. It images constitutive tumour cell death and correlates with tumour cell death on histology.
    Conclusion: [<sup>68</sup>Ga]Ga-CDI is a novel cell death imaging radiopharmaceutical that is safe, has low radiation dosimetry and excellent biodistribution and imaging characteristics. It has potential advantages over previously investigated radiopharmaceuticals for imaging of cell death and has progressed to a proof-of-concept trial.
    Trial registration: ACTRN12621000641897 (28/5/2021, retrospectively registered).
    MeSH term(s) Cell Death ; DNA Nucleotidylexotransferase/metabolism ; Electrons ; Gallium Radioisotopes ; Humans ; Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging ; Neoplasms/metabolism ; Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography/methods ; Positron-Emission Tomography/adverse effects ; Positron-Emission Tomography/methods ; Radiometry ; Radiopharmaceuticals/adverse effects ; Tissue Distribution
    Chemical Substances Gallium Radioisotopes ; Radiopharmaceuticals ; DNA Nucleotidylexotransferase (EC 2.7.7.31)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-07-02
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Clinical Trial ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 8236-3
    ISSN 1619-7089 ; 0340-6997 ; 1619-7070
    ISSN (online) 1619-7089
    ISSN 0340-6997 ; 1619-7070
    DOI 10.1007/s00259-022-05880-z
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: Protection and antibody levels 35 years after primary series with hepatitis B vaccine and response to a booster dose.

    Bruce, Michael G / Bruden, Dana / Hurlburt, Debby / Morris, Julie / Bressler, Sara / Thompson, Gail / Lecy, Danielle / Rudolph, Karen / Bulkow, Lisa / Hennessy, Thomas / Simons, Brenna C / Weng, Mark K / Nelson, Noele / McMahon, Brian J

    Hepatology (Baltimore, Md.)

    2022  Volume 76, Issue 4, Page(s) 1180–1189

    Abstract: Background and aims: The duration of protection from hepatitis B vaccination in children and adults is not known. In 1981, we used three doses of plasma-derived hepatitis B vaccine to immunize a cohort of 1578 Alaska Native adults and children from 15 ... ...

    Abstract Background and aims: The duration of protection from hepatitis B vaccination in children and adults is not known. In 1981, we used three doses of plasma-derived hepatitis B vaccine to immunize a cohort of 1578 Alaska Native adults and children from 15 Alaska communities who were ≥6 months old.
    Approach and results: We tested persons for antibody to hepatitis B surface antigen (anti-HBs) levels 35 years after receiving the primary series. Those with levels <10 mIU/ml received one booster dose of recombinant hepatitis B vaccine 2-4 weeks later and were then evaluated on the basis of anti-HBs measurements 30 days postbooster. Among the 320 recruited, 112 persons had not participated in the 22- or 30-year follow-up study (group 1), and 208 persons had participated but were not given an HBV booster dose (group 2). Among the 112 persons in group 1 who responded to the original primary series, 53 (47.3%) had an anti-HBs level ≥10 mIU/ml. Among group 1, 73.7% (28 of 38) of persons available for a booster dose responded to it with an anti-HBs level ≥10 mIU/ml at 30 days. Initial anti-HBs level after the primary series was correlated with higher anti-HBs levels at 35 years. Among 8 persons who tested positive for antibody to hepatitis B core antigen, none tested positive for HBsAg or HBV DNA.
    Conclusions: Based on anti-HBs level ≥10 mIU/ml at 35 years and a 73.7% booster dose response, we estimate that 86% of participants had evidence of protection 35 years later. Booster doses are not needed in the general population at this time.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Child ; DNA, Viral ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hepatitis B ; Hepatitis B Antibodies ; Hepatitis B Core Antigens ; Hepatitis B Surface Antigens ; Hepatitis B Vaccines ; Humans ; Immunization, Secondary ; Infant
    Chemical Substances DNA, Viral ; Hepatitis B Antibodies ; Hepatitis B Core Antigens ; Hepatitis B Surface Antigens ; Hepatitis B Vaccines
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-05-19
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
    ZDB-ID 604603-4
    ISSN 1527-3350 ; 0270-9139
    ISSN (online) 1527-3350
    ISSN 0270-9139
    DOI 10.1002/hep.32474
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  7. Article: Influence of X-ray computed tomography (CT) exposure and reconstruction parameters on positron emission tomography (PET) quantitation.

    Ho Shon, Ivan / Reece, Christopher / Hennessy, Thomas / Horsfield, Megan / McBride, Bruce

    EJNMMI physics

    2020  Volume 7, Issue 1, Page(s) 62

    Abstract: Background: The CT of PET CT provides diagnostic information, anatomic localisation and attenuation correction (AC). When only AC is required, very lose dose CT is desirable. CT iterative reconstruction (IR) improves image quality with lower exposures ... ...

    Abstract Background: The CT of PET CT provides diagnostic information, anatomic localisation and attenuation correction (AC). When only AC is required, very lose dose CT is desirable. CT iterative reconstruction (IR) improves image quality with lower exposures however there is little data on very low dose IR CT for AC of PET. This work assesses the impact of CT exposure and reconstruction algorithm on PET voxel values.
    Method: An anthropomorphic torso phantom was filled with physiologically typical [18]F concentrations in heart, liver and background compartments. A 17-mm-diameter right lung "tumour" filled with [18]F was included (surrounding lung contained no 18[F]). PET was acquired followed by 24 CT acquisitions with varying CT exposures (15-50 mAs, 80-120 kVp, pitch 0.671 or 0.828). Each CT was reconstructed twice using filtered back projection (FBP) or IR and these used for AC of PET. The reference PET reconstruction (RR) used CT acquired at 50 mAs, 120 kVp, pitch 0.828, IR, all others were test PET reconstructions (TR). Regions of interest (ROIs) were drawn in the liver, soft tissue and over "tumour" on each TR and compared with the RR. Voxel values in each TR were compared to the RR using a paired t test and by calculating which and what proportion of voxels in each TR differed by a quantitatively significant difference (QSD) from the RR.
    Results: TRs reconstructed using lower dose CTs underestimated mean and maximum ROI activity relative to the RR; greater with IR than FBP. Once CT dose index (CTDI) increased to 1 mGy, differences were less than QSD. On voxel analysis, all TRs were significantly different to the RR (p < 0.0001). TRs reconstructed at the lowest CT exposure with IR had 6% of voxels that differed by greater than QSD. Differences were reduced with increasing CTDI and FBP reconstruction. Voxels which exceeded the QSD were spatially localised to regions of high activity, interfaces between different attenuation and areas of CT beam hardening.
    Conclusions: Very low dose CT exposures are feasible for accurate PET AC. Scanner- and reconstruction-specific validation should be employed prior very low dose CT AC for PET.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-10-09
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2768912-8
    ISSN 2197-7364
    ISSN 2197-7364
    DOI 10.1186/s40658-020-00331-w
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  8. Article ; Online: Presence of Antibodies Against Haemophilus influenzae Serotype a in Alaska Before and After the Emergence of Invasive Infections.

    McClure, Max / Miernyk, Karen / Bruden, Dana / Rudolph, Karen / Hennessy, Thomas W / Bruce, Michael G / Nolen, Leisha D

    The Journal of infectious diseases

    2020  Volume 223, Issue 2, Page(s) 326–332

    Abstract: Background: Haemophilus influenzae bacteria can cause asymptomatic carriage and invasive disease. Haemophilus influenzae serotype a (Hia) is an emerging cause of invasive disease in Alaska, with greatest burden occurring among rural Alaska Native (AN) ... ...

    Abstract Background: Haemophilus influenzae bacteria can cause asymptomatic carriage and invasive disease. Haemophilus influenzae serotype a (Hia) is an emerging cause of invasive disease in Alaska, with greatest burden occurring among rural Alaska Native (AN) children. The first case of invasive Hia (iHia) in Alaska was reported in 2002; however, it is unclear how long the pathogen has been in Alaska.
    Methods: We quantified immunoglobulin G antibodies against Hia (anti-Hia) in 839 banked serum samples from Alaska residents, comparing antibody concentrations in samples drawn in the decades before (1980s and 1990s) and after (2000s) the emergence of iHia. We also assessed serum antibody concentration by age group, region of residence, and race.
    Results: The anti-Hia was >0.1 µg/mL in 88.1% (348 of 395) and 91.0% (404 of 444) of samples from the decades prior and after the emergence of Hia, respectively (P = .17). No significant differences in antibody levels were detected between people from rural and urban regions (1.55 vs 2.08 µg/mL, P = .91 for age ≥5) or between AN and non-AN people (2.50 vs 2.60 µg/mL, P = .26).
    Conclusions: Our results are consistent with widespread Hia exposure in Alaska predating the first iHia case. No difference in Hia antibody prevalence was detected between populations with differing levels of invasive disease.
    MeSH term(s) Alaska/epidemiology ; Antibodies, Bacterial/immunology ; Communicable Diseases, Emerging/epidemiology ; Communicable Diseases, Emerging/history ; Communicable Diseases, Emerging/immunology ; Communicable Diseases, Emerging/microbiology ; Haemophilus Infections/epidemiology ; Haemophilus Infections/history ; Haemophilus Infections/immunology ; Haemophilus Infections/microbiology ; Haemophilus influenzae/immunology ; History, 20th Century ; History, 21st Century ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin G/immunology ; Prevalence ; Public Health Surveillance ; Seroepidemiologic Studies ; Serogroup
    Chemical Substances Antibodies, Bacterial ; Immunoglobulin G
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-06-27
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Historical Article ; Journal Article ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
    ZDB-ID 3019-3
    ISSN 1537-6613 ; 0022-1899
    ISSN (online) 1537-6613
    ISSN 0022-1899
    DOI 10.1093/infdis/jiaa369
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  9. Article ; Online: Community water service and incidence of respiratory, skin, and gastrointestinal infections in rural Alaska, 2013-2015.

    Mosites, Emily / Lefferts, Brian / Seeman, Sara / January, Gerald / Dobson, Jennifer / Fuente, David / Bruce, Michael / Thomas, Timothy / Hennessy, Thomas

    International journal of hygiene and environmental health

    2020  Volume 225, Page(s) 113475

    Abstract: Background: Communities in rural Alaska have access to multiple types of water service (piped, vehicle-hauled, and self-hauled) and experience varying levels of water service coverage. We assessed the incidence rate of inpatient and outpatient ... ...

    Abstract Background: Communities in rural Alaska have access to multiple types of water service (piped, vehicle-hauled, and self-hauled) and experience varying levels of water service coverage. We assessed the incidence rate of inpatient and outpatient infectious disease visits among communities with different water service types and coverage levels.
    Methods: We classified ICD-9 codes for inpatient and outpatient visits to the Yukon-Kuskokwim Health Corporation facilities between 2013 and 2015 into six infectious disease categories. Using Poisson models, we compared the incidence of visits in each category across communities with differing water service coverage levels as defined by water service billing data for the same years. Using census data, we adjusted for community median household income, median age, crowding, and health aide staffing.
    Results: We included 48 communities in this analysis. After adjusting for possible confounders, each 10% increase in piped water coverage was associated with a 4% lower incidence of pneumonia/influenza visits (adjusted incidence rate ratio [IRR] 0.96, 95% CI 0.93-0.98), a 2% lower incidence of other respiratory infection visits (adjusted IRR 0.98, 95% CI 0.97-0.99), an 8% lower incidence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus visits (adjusted IRR 0.92, 95% CI 0.87-0.97), and a 4% lower incidence of other skin infections visits (adjusted IRR 0.96, 95% CI 0.95-0.98). Each 10% increase in vehicle-hauled water coverage was associated with a 2% lower incidence of respiratory infection visits (adjusted IRR 0.98, 95% CI 0.97-0.996) and a 3% lower incidence of skin infection visits (adjusted IRR 0.97, 95% CI 0.95-0.99), also after adjustment.
    Conclusions: Higher levels of water service coverage were associated with lower incidence rates of visits for several infectious disease categories. These associations were more pronounced for communities with piped water service compared to vehicle-hauled water service.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Alaska/epidemiology ; Communicable Diseases/epidemiology ; Female ; Gastrointestinal Diseases/epidemiology ; Humans ; Incidence ; Male ; Respiratory Tract Diseases/epidemiology ; Rural Population ; Skin Diseases/epidemiology ; Water Supply ; Young Adult
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-02-12
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2009176-X
    ISSN 1618-131X ; 1438-4639
    ISSN (online) 1618-131X
    ISSN 1438-4639
    DOI 10.1016/j.ijheh.2020.113475
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  10. Article: Guidance for Resuming Gi Endoscopy and Practice Operations after the Covid-19 Pandemic

    Hennessy, Bruce / Vicari, Joseph / Bernstein, Brett / Chapman, Frank / Khaykis, Inessa / Littenberg, Glenn / Robbins, David

    Gastrointest. endosc

    Keywords covid19
    Publisher WHO
    Document type Article
    Note WHO #Covidence: #32437712
    Database COVID19

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