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  1. Article ; Online: Multiple sclerosis diagnostic criteria: From poser to the 2017 revised McDonald criteria.

    de Seze, Jérôme / Bigaut, Kévin

    Presse medicale (Paris, France : 1983)

    2021  Volume 50, Issue 2, Page(s) 104089

    MeSH term(s) Disease Progression ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Multiple Sclerosis/diagnosis ; Retrospective Studies
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-10-28
    Publishing country France
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 120943-7
    ISSN 2213-0276 ; 0032-7867 ; 0755-4982 ; 0301-1518
    ISSN (online) 2213-0276
    ISSN 0032-7867 ; 0755-4982 ; 0301-1518
    DOI 10.1016/j.lpm.2021.104089
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  2. Article ; Online: The Translatability of Multiple Sclerosis Animal Models for Biomarkers Discovery and Their Clinical Use.

    Birmpili, Dafni / Charmarke Askar, Imane / Bigaut, Kévin / Bagnard, Dominique

    International journal of molecular sciences

    2022  Volume 23, Issue 19

    Abstract: Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune disease affecting the central nervous system which is characterized by demyelinating lesions and axonal damage. MS is a complex disease characterized by important pathophysiological heterogeneity affecting ... ...

    Abstract Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune disease affecting the central nervous system which is characterized by demyelinating lesions and axonal damage. MS is a complex disease characterized by important pathophysiological heterogeneity affecting the clinical appearance, progression and therapeutic response for each patient. Therefore, there is a strong unmet need to define specific biomarkers that will reflect the different features of the disease. Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) is the most commonly used experimental model for the study of MS, as it resembles the pathological features of human MS in many aspects and has allowed for the elucidation of pathogenesis pathways and the validation of certain targets for MS therapies. In this review, we discuss clinically relevant MS molecular biomarkers, divided into five groups based on the key pathological hallmarks of MS: inflammation, blood-brain barrier disruption, myelin and axonal damage, gliosis and, ultimately, repair mechanisms. To address the feasibility of translation between the animal model and human disease, we present an overview of several molecular biomarkers of each category and compare their respective deregulation patterns. We conclude that, like any disease animal model, EAE models can sometimes fail to mimic the entire spectrum of human disease, but they can nonetheless recapitulate the disease's primary hallmarks. We show that the EAE model is a valuable tool for understanding MS physiopathological mechanisms and for identifying biomarkers fundamental for drug development.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Biomarkers ; Central Nervous System/pathology ; Disease Models, Animal ; Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental/pathology ; Humans ; Multiple Sclerosis/pathology ; Myelin Sheath/pathology
    Chemical Substances Biomarkers
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-09-29
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2019364-6
    ISSN 1422-0067 ; 1422-0067 ; 1661-6596
    ISSN (online) 1422-0067
    ISSN 1422-0067 ; 1661-6596
    DOI 10.3390/ijms231911532
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  3. Article: Efficacy of dalfampridine in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder: A pilot study.

    de Seze, Jérôme / Clerc, Christine / Béreau, Matthieu / Bourre, Bertrand / Zephir, Hélène / Collongues, Nicolas / Kremer, Laurent / Vermersch, Patrick / Bigaut, Kevin

    Multiple sclerosis journal - experimental, translational and clinical

    2024  Volume 10, Issue 1, Page(s) 20552173241233952

    Abstract: Objective: To assess the efficacy of dalfampridine in patients with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder.: Methods: We included 15 consecutive patients, who were started on a treatment of dalfampridine 10 mg twice daily for 2 weeks. Efficacy ... ...

    Abstract Objective: To assess the efficacy of dalfampridine in patients with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder.
    Methods: We included 15 consecutive patients, who were started on a treatment of dalfampridine 10 mg twice daily for 2 weeks. Efficacy assessment was based on walking ability improvement using Timed-25-Foot Walk and 12-item Multiple Sclerosis Walking Scale tests.
    Results: The mean Timed-25-Foot Walk score was reduced from 14.8 (±2.4) to 11.3 (±1.9) seconds (
    Conclusion: Dalfampridine seems to be useful for symptomatic treatment of walking impairment in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-02-29
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2841884-0
    ISSN 2055-2173 ; 2055-2173
    ISSN (online) 2055-2173
    ISSN 2055-2173
    DOI 10.1177/20552173241233952
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  4. Article ; Online: Anti-CD20 immunotherapy in progressive multiple sclerosis: 2-year real-world follow-up of 108 patients.

    Einsiedler, Maximilian / Kremer, Laurent / Fleury, Marie / Collongues, Nicolas / De Sèze, Jérôme / Bigaut, Kévin

    Journal of neurology

    2022  Volume 269, Issue 9, Page(s) 4846–4852

    Abstract: Background: Anti-CD20 monoclonal antibodies are recently introduced treatments in progressive MS and real-world data are lacking.: Objective: The aim of this study is to describe a cohort of progressive MS patients treated with ocrelizumab or ... ...

    Abstract Background: Anti-CD20 monoclonal antibodies are recently introduced treatments in progressive MS and real-world data are lacking.
    Objective: The aim of this study is to describe a cohort of progressive MS patients treated with ocrelizumab or rituximab in a real-world setting.
    Methods: This monocentric prospective cohort study at the University Hospital of Strasbourg included patients with primary progressive or secondary progressive MS that started treatment with anti-CD20 antibodies before June 2019. Every six months, patients were assessed using the following standardized clinical evaluations: Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS), Timed 25-Foot Walk (T25FW), 9-Hole Peg Test (9-HPT) and Symbol Digit Modalities Test (SDMT). The primary analysis considered EDSS progression (of at least 1.0 if EDSS ≤ 5.5 and at least 0.5 if EDSS ≥ 6.0).
    Results: We included 108 patients, with a median age upon inclusion of 53 years [48.0-58.0]. 72% were classified as primary progressive forms. Median baseline EDSS was 6.0 [4.0-6.5]. EDSS was significantly correlated with T25FW, SDMT and 9-HPT. Following 2 years of treatment, 38.9% of patients presented EDSS progression compared to baseline.
    Conclusion: Our large cohort confirms tolerance of these treatments in a real-world setting. Standardized clinical assessments could improve detection of deteriorating patients. Further studies are needed to establish predictive factors.
    MeSH term(s) Antigens, CD20 ; Disability Evaluation ; Disease Progression ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Immunologic Factors/therapeutic use ; Immunotherapy ; Middle Aged ; Multiple Sclerosis ; Multiple Sclerosis, Chronic Progressive/diagnosis ; Multiple Sclerosis, Chronic Progressive/drug therapy ; Prospective Studies
    Chemical Substances Antigens, CD20 ; Immunologic Factors
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-04-17
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 187050-6
    ISSN 1432-1459 ; 0340-5354 ; 0012-1037 ; 0939-1517 ; 1619-800X
    ISSN (online) 1432-1459
    ISSN 0340-5354 ; 0012-1037 ; 0939-1517 ; 1619-800X
    DOI 10.1007/s00415-022-11124-9
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Ocrelizumab for the treatment of multiple sclerosis.

    Bigaut, Kévin / De Seze, Jérôme / Collongues, Nicolas

    Expert review of neurotherapeutics

    2018  Volume 19, Issue 2, Page(s) 97–108

    Abstract: Introduction: In the past decade, the role of B cells in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis (MS) is coming to the forefront. Depletion of B cells by anti-CD20 monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) has proved to decrease the activity of the relapsing- ... ...

    Abstract Introduction: In the past decade, the role of B cells in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis (MS) is coming to the forefront. Depletion of B cells by anti-CD20 monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) has proved to decrease the activity of the relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS) and the progression of primary progressive MS (PPMS). Areas covered: In this review, the authors discuss the rationale of the depletion of B cells in RRMS and PPMS across recent studies on the role of B cells in the pathogenesis of MS; previous clinical trials with treatments targeting B cells; the mechanism of action of ocrelizumab - a second generation anti-CD20 mAb - and recent phase III clinical trials with ocrelizumab in RRMS and PPMS. Expert commentary: Ocrelizumab is the first anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody approved for RRMS and the first treatment approved for PPMS. The long-term effect and safety profile need to be evaluated in extension of clinical trials and in real-world studies.
    MeSH term(s) Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized/pharmacology ; Humans ; Immunologic Factors/pharmacology ; Multiple Sclerosis/drug therapy ; Multiple Sclerosis, Chronic Progressive/drug therapy ; Multiple Sclerosis, Relapsing-Remitting/drug therapy
    Chemical Substances Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized ; Immunologic Factors ; ocrelizumab (A10SJL62JY)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-12-28
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2112534-X
    ISSN 1744-8360 ; 1473-7175
    ISSN (online) 1744-8360
    ISSN 1473-7175
    DOI 10.1080/14737175.2019.1561284
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  6. Article ; Online: Good therapeutic response to infliximab in a case of Susac syndrome refractory to immunotherapies including tocilizumab.

    Demuth, Stanislas / Bogdan, Thomas / Kremer, Laurent / Lanotte, Livia / Collongues, Nicolas / de Seze, Jérôme / Bigaut, Kévin

    Journal of neurology

    2022  Volume 269, Issue 6, Page(s) 3347–3350

    MeSH term(s) Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized/therapeutic use ; Humans ; Immunotherapy ; Infliximab/therapeutic use ; Susac Syndrome/diagnostic imaging ; Susac Syndrome/drug therapy
    Chemical Substances Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized ; Infliximab (B72HH48FLU) ; tocilizumab (I031V2H011)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-01-19
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Case Reports ; Letter
    ZDB-ID 187050-6
    ISSN 1432-1459 ; 0340-5354 ; 0012-1037 ; 0939-1517 ; 1619-800X
    ISSN (online) 1432-1459
    ISSN 0340-5354 ; 0012-1037 ; 0939-1517 ; 1619-800X
    DOI 10.1007/s00415-021-10922-x
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  7. Article ; Online: Early use of high efficacy therapies in pediatric forms of relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis: A real-life observational study.

    Moreau, Augustin / Kolitsi, Ioanna / Kremer, Laurent / Fleury, Marie / Lanotte, Livia / Sellal, François / Gaultier, Claude / Ahle, Guido / Courtois, Sylvie / Fickl, Andreas / Mostoufizadeh, Sohrab / Dentel, Christel / Collongues, Nicolas / de Seze, Jérôme / Bigaut, Kévin

    Multiple sclerosis and related disorders

    2023  Volume 79, Page(s) 104942

    Abstract: Background: Pediatric forms of multiple sclerosis are more active than those in adults. Yet, the effectiveness of different therapeutic approaches is not well studied in this population. Our objective was to compare the effectiveness of the early use of ...

    Abstract Background: Pediatric forms of multiple sclerosis are more active than those in adults. Yet, the effectiveness of different therapeutic approaches is not well studied in this population. Our objective was to compare the effectiveness of the early use of high efficacy therapies (HETs) with the effectiveness of moderate efficacy therapies (METs) in children with MS.
    Methods: This observational study included patients diagnosed with pediatric MS, at 4 hospital centers in France, during a 10-year period. METs included: interferon β-1a, glatiramer acetate, dimethyl fumarate, teriflunomide; HETs included: fingolimod, natalizumab, ocrelizumab, alemtuzumab. The primary endpoint was the occurrence of a new relapse, the secondary endpoint was EDSS worsening.
    Results: Sixty-four patients were included in the analysis (80% women; mean age 15.5 years, 81% treated with MET) with a median follow-up of 22.5 months. At baseline, 52 patients were on MET (interferon β-1a, glatiramer acetate, dimethyl fumarate, teriflunomide) and 12 patients were on HET (natalizumab, ocrelizumab). The cumulative probability of being relapse-free at 6.5 years was 23.3% on MET, vs 90.9% on HET (p = 0.013). The cumulative probability of no EDSS worsening did not differ between the 2 groups.
    Conclusion: Patients starting with METs had much higher clinical disease activity than those starting early with HETs. Rapid initiation of more aggressive treatment may allow better disease control; however, the data on EDSS worsening are not conclusive.
    MeSH term(s) Adolescent ; Child ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Dimethyl Fumarate/therapeutic use ; Fingolimod Hydrochloride/therapeutic use ; Glatiramer Acetate/therapeutic use ; Immunosuppressive Agents/therapeutic use ; Interferon beta-1a/therapeutic use ; Multiple Sclerosis/drug therapy ; Multiple Sclerosis, Relapsing-Remitting/drug therapy ; Natalizumab/therapeutic use ; Recurrence
    Chemical Substances Dimethyl Fumarate (FO2303MNI2) ; Fingolimod Hydrochloride (G926EC510T) ; Glatiramer Acetate (5M691HL4BO) ; Immunosuppressive Agents ; Interferon beta-1a (XRO4566Q4R) ; Natalizumab ; teriflunomide (1C058IKG3B)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-08-13
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article ; Multicenter Study ; Observational Study
    ZDB-ID 2645330-7
    ISSN 2211-0356 ; 2211-0348
    ISSN (online) 2211-0356
    ISSN 2211-0348
    DOI 10.1016/j.msard.2023.104942
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  8. Article ; Online: How to switch disease-modifying treatments in multiple sclerosis: Guidelines from the French Multiple Sclerosis Society (SFSEP).

    Bigaut, Kévin / Cohen, Mikaël / Durand-Dubief, Françoise / Maillart, Elisabeth / Planque, Evelyne / Zephir, Hélène / Lebrun-Frenay, Christine / de Seze, Jérôme

    Multiple sclerosis and related disorders

    2021  Volume 53, Page(s) 103076

    Abstract: Background: Today, there are no recommendations on switching disease-modifying treatments (DMTs) in multiple sclerosis (MS).: Objectives: To establish guidelines on switching DMTs MS.: Methods: A Steering Committee composed of seven MS experts ... ...

    Abstract Background: Today, there are no recommendations on switching disease-modifying treatments (DMTs) in multiple sclerosis (MS).
    Objectives: To establish guidelines on switching DMTs MS.
    Methods: A Steering Committee composed of seven MS experts from the French Group for Recommendations in Multiple Sclerosis (France4MS) defined 15 proposals. These proposals were then submitted to a Rating Group, composed of 48 French MS experts, for evaluation. The proposals were classified as 'appropriate', 'inappropriate' or 'uncertain'.
    Results: Switching from a first-line therapy to another first-line therapy or a second-line therapy could be done without a washout period. Switching from a second-line therapy to a first-line therapy could be done without a washout period with fingolimod or natalizumab, after 3 months with ocrelizumab or mitoxantrone, and, if disease activity occurs with alemtuzumab or cladribine. The switch from a second-line therapy to another second-line therapy could be done after a washout period of 1 month with fingolimod or natalizumab, after 3 months with ocrelizumab, after 6 months with mitoxantrone, and, if disease activity occurs, with alemtuzumab or cladribine.
    Conclusion: This expert consensus approach provides physicians with some guidelines on optimizing the benefit/risk ratio when switching DMTs in patients with MS.
    MeSH term(s) Alemtuzumab ; Cladribine/therapeutic use ; Fingolimod Hydrochloride/therapeutic use ; Humans ; Immunosuppressive Agents/therapeutic use ; Multiple Sclerosis/drug therapy ; Multiple Sclerosis, Relapsing-Remitting ; Natalizumab/therapeutic use
    Chemical Substances Immunosuppressive Agents ; Natalizumab ; Alemtuzumab (3A189DH42V) ; Cladribine (47M74X9YT5) ; Fingolimod Hydrochloride (G926EC510T)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-06-10
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2645330-7
    ISSN 2211-0356 ; 2211-0348
    ISSN (online) 2211-0356
    ISSN 2211-0348
    DOI 10.1016/j.msard.2021.103076
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  9. Article ; Online: Impact of Disease-Modifying Treatments of Multiple Sclerosis on Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Antibodies: An Observational Study.

    Bigaut, Kévin / Kremer, Laurent / Fabacher, Thibaut / Lanotte, Livia / Fleury, Marie-Celine / Collongues, Nicolas / de Seze, Jerome

    Neurology(R) neuroimmunology & neuroinflammation

    2021  Volume 8, Issue 5

    Abstract: Objective: To compare the humoral response after severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) receiving different disease-modifying treatments (DMTs).: Methods: Patients with MS with ... ...

    Abstract Objective: To compare the humoral response after severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) receiving different disease-modifying treatments (DMTs).
    Methods: Patients with MS with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and available anti-SARS-CoV-2 serology were included. The primary endpoint was the anti-SARS-CoV-2 immunoglobulin G (IgG) index. The multivariate analysis was adjusted for COVID-19 severity, SARS-CoV-2 PCR result, and the time between COVID-19 onset and the serology.
    Results: We included 61 patients with available IgG index. The IgG index was lower in patients with fingolimod or anti-CD20 monoclonal antibodies compared with patients without treatment (
    Conclusions: Humoral response after COVID-19 was lower in patients with MS with fingolimod or anti-CD20 mAb. These patients could therefore be at risk of recurrent infection and could benefit from anti-SARS-CoV-2 vaccination. The humoral response after vaccination and the delay before vaccination need to be evaluated.
    Classification of evidence: This study provides Class IV evidence that patients treated with fingolimod or anti-CD20 monoclonal antibodies for MS have a lower humoral response after COVID-19 compared with patients without DMTs or with another DMTs.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Antibodies, Viral/blood ; Antibodies, Viral/drug effects ; COVID-19/immunology ; Female ; Humans ; Immunosuppressive Agents/therapeutic use ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Multiple Sclerosis/drug therapy ; Multiple Sclerosis/immunology ; SARS-CoV-2/immunology
    Chemical Substances Antibodies, Viral ; Immunosuppressive Agents
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-07-28
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Observational Study
    ZDB-ID 2767740-0
    ISSN 2332-7812 ; 2332-7812
    ISSN (online) 2332-7812
    ISSN 2332-7812
    DOI 10.1212/NXI.0000000000001055
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  10. Article ; Online: Ocrelizumab versus fingolimod after natalizumab cessation in multiple sclerosis: an observational study.

    Bigaut, Kévin / Kremer, Laurent / Fabacher, Thibaut / Ahle, Guido / Goudot, Mathilde / Fleury, Marie / Gaultier, Claude / Courtois, Sylvie / Collongues, Nicolas / de Seze, Jérôme

    Journal of neurology

    2022  Volume 269, Issue 6, Page(s) 3295–3300

    Abstract: Background: Exit strategy after natalizumab cessation in multiple sclerosis (MS) is a crucial point because the risk of disease reactivation is high during this period. The objective of this observational study was to compare ocrelizumab to fingolimod ... ...

    Abstract Background: Exit strategy after natalizumab cessation in multiple sclerosis (MS) is a crucial point because the risk of disease reactivation is high during this period. The objective of this observational study was to compare ocrelizumab to fingolimod after natalizumab cessation in patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS).
    Methods: All RRMS patients starting fingolimod or ocrelizumab within 6 weeks after natalizumab cessation were included. The primary endpoint was the annualized relapse rate (ARR) at 1 year.
    Results: We included 54 patients receiving fingolimod and 48 patients receiving ocrelizumab after natalizumab cessation. In multivariate analysis, ARR at 1 year was significantly lower in the ocrelizumab group than in the fingolimod group (0.12 ± 0.39 versus 0.41 ± 0.71, p = 0.026), i.e. a 70.7% lower relapse rate. The cumulative probability of relapses at 1 year was 31.5% (17/54 patients) with fingolimod and 10.4% (5/48 patients) with ocrelizumab, corresponding to a hazard ratio of 3.4 (95% confidence interval: 1.1-11, p = 0.04).
    Conclusions: Our results suggest ocrelizumab is potentially a better exit strategy than fingolimod after natalizumab cessation.
    MeSH term(s) Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized ; Fingolimod Hydrochloride/adverse effects ; Humans ; Immunologic Factors/adverse effects ; Immunosuppressive Agents/adverse effects ; Multiple Sclerosis ; Multiple Sclerosis, Relapsing-Remitting/drug therapy ; Natalizumab/adverse effects ; Recurrence
    Chemical Substances Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized ; Immunologic Factors ; Immunosuppressive Agents ; Natalizumab ; ocrelizumab (A10SJL62JY) ; Fingolimod Hydrochloride (G926EC510T)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-01-04
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Journal Article ; Observational Study
    ZDB-ID 187050-6
    ISSN 1432-1459 ; 0340-5354 ; 0012-1037 ; 0939-1517 ; 1619-800X
    ISSN (online) 1432-1459
    ISSN 0340-5354 ; 0012-1037 ; 0939-1517 ; 1619-800X
    DOI 10.1007/s00415-021-10950-7
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