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Article ; Online: A double-edged sword: interactions of CX

Estaleen, Rana A / Reilly, Christopher M / Luo, Xin M

2024 Volume 14, Page(s) 1330500

Abstract: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a systemic chronic disease initiated by an abnormal immune response to self and can affect multiple organs. SLE is characterized by the production of autoantibodies and the deposition of immune complexes. In regard ... ...

Abstract	Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a systemic chronic disease initiated by an abnormal immune response to self and can affect multiple organs. SLE is characterized by the production of autoantibodies and the deposition of immune complexes. In regard to the clinical observations assessed by rheumatologists, several chemokines and cytokines also contribute to disease progression. One such chemokine and adhesion molecule is CX
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Gastrointestinal Microbiome ; CX3C Chemokine Receptor 1/metabolism ; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic ; Inflammation ; Cytokines ; Receptors, Complement 3b
Chemical Substances	CX3C Chemokine Receptor 1 ; Cytokines ; CR1 protein, human ; Receptors, Complement 3b
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-17
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Review ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2606827-8
ISSN	1664-3224 ; 1664-3224
ISSN (online)	1664-3224
ISSN	1664-3224
DOI	10.3389/fimmu.2023.1330500
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Article ; Online: Isolation and Single-Cell Transcriptomic Analysis of Murine Regulatory B Cells.

Alajoleen, Razan M / Li, Liwu / Luo, Xin M

Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.)

2024 Volume 2782, Page(s) 159–166

Abstract: Regulatory B (Breg) cells have been demonstrated to play an important role in the inhibition of a wide range of immunological responses, and they are absent or malfunction in autoimmune diseases like lupus. Breg cells can control immunological responses ... ...

Abstract	Regulatory B (Breg) cells have been demonstrated to play an important role in the inhibition of a wide range of immunological responses, and they are absent or malfunction in autoimmune diseases like lupus. Breg cells can control immunological responses and keep the immune system in a balanced state by releasing immunosuppressive cytokines such as transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) and interleukin-10 (IL-10), which in turn promote regulatory T (Treg) cells and reduce effector T cell responses. Breg cells have also been linked to the modulation of cancer immunity. Due to their immunosuppressive role, in the context of cancer, Breg cells aid in tumor immune evasion and promote tumor progression. Nonetheless, it has been established that Breg cells are involved in both cancer immunity and autoimmunity, and their characterizations beyond surface markers, for example, on the transcriptomic level, are essential for our understanding of Breg biology in health and disease. In this chapter, using lupus-prone MRL/lpr mice, we describe a Breg cell isolation protocol for the purpose of single-cell RNA sequencing analysis.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Mice ; B-Lymphocytes, Regulatory ; Mice, Inbred MRL lpr ; Cytokines/metabolism ; Transforming Growth Factor beta/genetics ; T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory ; Autoimmune Diseases/pathology ; Neoplasms/pathology
Chemical Substances	Cytokines ; Transforming Growth Factor beta
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-04-16
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	1940-6029
ISSN (online)	1940-6029
DOI	10.1007/978-1-0716-3754-8_12
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Article ; Online: Gut Microbiota, Leaky Gut, and Autoimmune Diseases.

Christovich, Anna / Luo, Xin M

Frontiers in immunology

2022 Volume 13, Page(s) 946248

Abstract: With the rising prevalence of autoimmune diseases, the role of the environment, specifically the gut microbiota, in disease development has grown to be a major area of study. Recent advances show a relationship and possible cause and effect between the ... ...

Abstract	With the rising prevalence of autoimmune diseases, the role of the environment, specifically the gut microbiota, in disease development has grown to be a major area of study. Recent advances show a relationship and possible cause and effect between the gut microbiota and the initiation or exacerbation of autoimmune diseases. Furthermore, microbial dysbiosis and leaky gut are frequent phenomena in both human autoimmune diseases and the murine autoimmunity models. This review will focus on literature in recent years concerning the gut microbiota and leaky gut in relation to the autoimmune diseases, including systemic lupus erythematosus, type 1 diabetes, and multiple sclerosis.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Autoimmune Diseases ; Autoimmunity ; Dysbiosis ; Gastrointestinal Microbiome ; Humans ; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic ; Mice
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-06-27
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2606827-8
ISSN	1664-3224 ; 1664-3224
ISSN (online)	1664-3224
ISSN	1664-3224
DOI	10.3389/fimmu.2022.946248
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Article ; Online: IgA-mediated control of host-microbial interaction during weaning reaction influences gut inflammation.

Tang, Wenjie / Wei, Yusen / Ni, Zhixiang / Hou, Kangwei / Luo, Xin M / Wang, Haifeng

Gut microbes

2024 Volume 16, Issue 1, Page(s) 2323220

Abstract: The mechanisms of how host-microbe mutualistic relationships are established at weaning contingently upon B-cell surveillance remain inadequately elucidated. We found ... ...

Abstract	The mechanisms of how host-microbe mutualistic relationships are established at weaning contingently upon B-cell surveillance remain inadequately elucidated. We found that
MeSH term(s)	Swine ; Animals ; Mice ; Host Microbial Interactions ; Weaning ; Gastrointestinal Microbiome ; Inflammation ; Immunoglobulin A ; Bacteroides
Chemical Substances	Immunoglobulin A
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-03-04
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2575755-6
ISSN	1949-0984 ; 1949-0984
ISSN (online)	1949-0984
ISSN	1949-0984
DOI	10.1080/19490976.2024.2323220
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Article ; Online: Diet and Hygiene in Modulating Autoimmunity During the Pandemic Era.

Abdelhamid, Leila / Luo, Xin M

Frontiers in immunology

2022 Volume 12, Page(s) 749774

Abstract: The immune system is an efficiently toned machinery that discriminates between friends and foes for achieving both host defense and homeostasis. Deviation of immune recognition from foreign to self and/or long-lasting inflammatory responses results in ... ...

Abstract	The immune system is an efficiently toned machinery that discriminates between friends and foes for achieving both host defense and homeostasis. Deviation of immune recognition from foreign to self and/or long-lasting inflammatory responses results in the breakdown of tolerance. Meanwhile, educating the immune system and developing immunological memory are crucial for mounting defensive immune responses while protecting against autoimmunity. Still to elucidate is how diverse environmental factors could shape autoimmunity. The emergence of a world pandemic such as SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) not only threatens the more vulnerable individuals including those with autoimmune conditions but also promotes an unprecedented shift in people's dietary approaches while urging for extraordinary hygiene measures that likely contribute to the development or exacerbation of autoimmunity. Thus, there is an urgent need to understand how environmental factors modulate systemic autoimmunity to better mitigate the incidence and or severity of COVID-19 among the more vulnerable populations. Here, we discuss the effects of diet (macronutrients and micronutrients) and hygiene (the use of disinfectants) on autoimmunity with a focus on systemic lupus erythematosus.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Autoimmune Diseases/epidemiology ; Autoimmunity ; COVID-19/epidemiology ; COVID-19/immunology ; COVID-19/prevention & control ; COVID-19/virology ; Diet/methods ; Humans ; Hygiene ; Immune Tolerance ; Incidence ; Pandemics ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Severity of Illness Index
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-01-05
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Review
ZDB-ID	2606827-8
ISSN	1664-3224 ; 1664-3224
ISSN (online)	1664-3224
ISSN	1664-3224
DOI	10.3389/fimmu.2021.749774
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Article ; Online: Soybean Agglutinin Alters the Gut Microbiota and Promotes Inflammation in Lupus-Prone MRL/lpr Mice.

Dai, Jinyan / Mao, Jiangdi / Wei, Yusen / Hou, Kangwei / Luo, Xin M / Wang, Haifeng

The Journal of nutrition

2024 Volume 154, Issue 3, Page(s) 1039–1049

Abstract: Background: Certain foods can trigger flares in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Lectins in edible plants have been reported to increase inflammation.: Objective: This study aimed to determine the effects of 1-time intake of soybean ... ...

Abstract	Background: Certain foods can trigger flares in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Lectins in edible plants have been reported to increase inflammation. Objective: This study aimed to determine the effects of 1-time intake of soybean agglutinin (SBA) on the gut microbiota and immune response in lupus-prone MRL/MpJ (MRL)/lpr mice. Methods: MRL/MpJ-Fas Results: Interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) in the serum was significantly higher, whereas the level of serum IL-10 was significantly lower in LS mice than in LPR mice [fold change (FC) = 1.31 and FC = 0.36, respectively]. The expression levels of IL-6 and TNF-α in the spleen of LS mice were significantly higher than those in LPR mice (FC = 1.66 and FC = 1.96, respectively). The expression levels of IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-1β in the kidney were also significantly higher in LS mice than in LPR mice (FC = 2.89, FC = 3.78, and FC = 2.02, respectively). The relative abundances of Erysipelotrichaceae and Turicibacter in LS mice were significantly higher than those in LPR mice (FC = 1.73 and FC = 1.74, respectively). The percentage of Breg cells in the mesenteric lymph nodes was significantly lower in LS mice than in LPR mice (FC = 0.53) (P < 0.05). No change was found between SBA treatment or not in the control (MRL) mice. Conclusions: One-time intake of SBA can promote the secretion of proinflammatory cytokines, downregulate Breg cells, and alter the intestinal flora in MRL/lpr mice within 24 h of oral challenge, which may contribute to exacerbation of lupus.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Mice ; Animals ; Gastrointestinal Microbiome ; Interleukin-6 ; Mice, Inbred MRL lpr ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; Cytokines/metabolism ; Inflammation ; Phytohemagglutinins ; Soybean Proteins
Chemical Substances	soybean lectin ; Interleukin-6 ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; Cytokines ; Phytohemagglutinins ; Soybean Proteins
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-14
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	218373-0
ISSN	1541-6100 ; 0022-3166
ISSN (online)	1541-6100
ISSN	0022-3166
DOI	10.1016/j.tjnut.2024.01.015
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Article ; Online: Purification, structural characterization, and immunomodulatory activity of two polysaccharides from Portulaca oleracea L.

Li, Yanxi / Ren, Mengjie / Yan, Huan / Luo, Lan / Fang, Xin / He, Li / Kang, Wenyi / Wu, Mingyi / Liu, Haiyang

International journal of biological macromolecules

2024 Volume 264, Issue Pt 1, Page(s) 130508

Abstract: ... The weight-average molecular weight (M ...

Abstract	In present study, two water-soluble polysaccharides designated as POL-1 and POL-2 were purified from purslane and their structural characteristics as well as immunomodulatory activity were investigated. The weight-average molecular weight (M
MeSH term(s)	Portulaca/chemistry ; Polysaccharides/chemistry ; Cytokines/metabolism ; Macrophages/metabolism ; Phagocytosis
Chemical Substances	Polysaccharides ; Cytokines
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-29
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	282732-3
ISSN	1879-0003 ; 0141-8130
ISSN (online)	1879-0003
ISSN	0141-8130
DOI	10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.130508
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Article ; Online: Analysis of Fecal Microbiota Dynamics in Lupus-Prone Mice using a Simple, Cost-Effective DNA Isolation Method.

Cabana Puig, Xavier / Reilly, Christopher M / Luo, Xin M

Journal of visualized experiments : JoVE

2022 , Issue 183

Abstract: Gut microbiota has an important role in educating the immune system. This relationship is extremely important for understanding autoimmune diseases that are not only driven by genetic factors, but also environmental factors that can trigger the onset and/ ...

Abstract	Gut microbiota has an important role in educating the immune system. This relationship is extremely important for understanding autoimmune diseases that are not only driven by genetic factors, but also environmental factors that can trigger the onset and/or worsen the disease course. A previously published study on the dynamics of the gut microbiota in lupus-prone MRL/lpr female mice showed how changes of the gut microbiota can alter disease progression. Here, a protocol is described for extracting representative samples from the gut microbiota for studies of autoimmunity. Microbiota samples are collected from the anus and processed, from which the DNA is extracted using a phenol-chloroform method and purified by alcohol precipitation. After PCR is performed, purified amplicons are sequenced using a Next Generation Sequencing platform at Argonne National Laboratory. Finally, the 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing data is analyzed. As an example, data obtained from gut microbiota comparisons of MRL/lpr mice with or without CX3CR1 are shown. Results showed significant differences in genera containing pathogenic bacteria such as those in the phylum Proteobacteria, as well as the genus Bifidobacterium, which is considered part of the healthy commensal microbiota. In summary, this simple, cost-effective DNA isolation method is reliable and can help the investigation of gut microbiota changes associated with autoimmune diseases.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Autoimmune Diseases ; Cost-Benefit Analysis ; DNA ; Feces/microbiology ; Female ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred MRL lpr ; Microbiota ; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S/genetics
Chemical Substances	RNA, Ribosomal, 16S ; DNA (9007-49-2)
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-05-02
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Video-Audio Media ; Research Support, N.I.H., Intramural
ZDB-ID	2259946-0
ISSN	1940-087X ; 1940-087X
ISSN (online)	1940-087X
ISSN	1940-087X
DOI	10.3791/63623
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Article ; Online: One-Step Prepared Multifunctional Polyacrylonitrile/MIL-100(Fe) Membrane with High-Density Porous Fibers for Efficient Dye/Oil Wastewater Remediation.

Zhang, Liyun / Wen, Xin / Ming, Qingxia / Luo, Xue / He, Tianfeng / Chen, Tian / Jiang, Minghang / Wang, Mengjun / Ma, Lan

Langmuir : the ACS journal of surfaces and colloids

2024 Volume 40, Issue 12, Page(s) 6550–6561

Abstract: ... additives (MIL-100(Fe)). The BET surface area increased to 202.888 m ...

Abstract	With environmental pollution becoming more serious, developing efficient treatment technologies for all kinds of organic wastewater has become the focus of current research. In this work, the coaxial electrospinning technology was used to one-step fabricate a porous and underwater superoleophobic polyacrylonitrile nanofibrous membrane with an Fe-based metal-organic framework (MIL-100(Fe)). Benefiting from the synergistic effect of two jets, the nanofibers are smaller and denser, which prompt the exposure of more nanomaterial additives (MIL-100(Fe)). The BET surface area increased to 202.888 m
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-03-14
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2005937-1
ISSN	1520-5827 ; 0743-7463
ISSN (online)	1520-5827
ISSN	0743-7463
DOI	10.1021/acs.langmuir.4c00230
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Article ; Online: Analyses of Proteinuria, Renal Infiltration of Leukocytes, and Renal Deposition of Proteins in Lupus-prone MRL/lpr Mice.

Cabana-Puig, Xavier / Luo, Xin M

Journal of visualized experiments : JoVE

2022 , Issue 184

Abstract: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disorder with no known cure and is characterized by persistent inflammation in many organs, including the kidneys. Under such circumstances, the kidney loses its ability to clean waste from the blood ... ...

Abstract	Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disorder with no known cure and is characterized by persistent inflammation in many organs, including the kidneys. Under such circumstances, the kidney loses its ability to clean waste from the blood and regulate salt and fluid concentrations, eventually leading to renal failure. Women, particularly those of childbearing age, are diagnosed nine times more often than men. Kidney disease is the leading cause of mortality in SLE patients. The present protocol describes a quick and simple method to measure excreted protein levels in collected urine, tracking lupus progression over time. In addition, an approach to isolate kidney mononuclear cells is provided based on size and density selection to investigate renal infiltration of leukocytes. Furthermore, an immunohistochemical method has been developed to characterize protein deposition in the glomeruli and leukocyte infiltration in the tubulointerstitial space. Together, these methods can help investigate the progression of chronic inflammation associated with the kidneys of lupus-prone MRL/lpr mice.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Female ; Humans ; Inflammation/metabolism ; Kidney/metabolism ; Leukocytes/metabolism ; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic/complications ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred MRL lpr ; Proteinuria/complications ; Proteinuria/metabolism
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-06-08
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Video-Audio Media ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
ZDB-ID	2259946-0
ISSN	1940-087X ; 1940-087X
ISSN (online)	1940-087X
ISSN	1940-087X
DOI	10.3791/63506
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