Article ; Online: Antimalarials Targeting the Malaria Parasite Cation ATPase
Current topics in medicinal chemistry
2022 Volume 23, Issue 3, Page(s) 214–226
Abstract: Malaria, caused by parasites of the Plasmodium species and transmitted through the bites of infected female Anopheles mosquitoes, is still a fatal and dangerous disease in mainly tropical and subtropical regions. The widespread resistance of P. ... ...
Abstract | Malaria, caused by parasites of the Plasmodium species and transmitted through the bites of infected female Anopheles mosquitoes, is still a fatal and dangerous disease in mainly tropical and subtropical regions. The widespread resistance of P. falciparum to antimalarial drugs forces the search for new molecules with activity against this parasite. While a large number of compounds can inhibit P. falciparum growth in vitro, unfortunately, only a limited number of targets have been identified so far. One of the most promising approaches has been the identification of effective inhibitors of P-type cation-transporter ATPase 4 (PfATP4) in P. falciparum. PfATP4 is a Na+ efflux pump that maintains a low cytosolic Na+ in the parasite. Thus, upon treatment with PfATP4 inhibitors, the parasites rapidly accumulate Na+, which triggers processes leading to parasite death. PfATP4 is present in the parasite plasma membrane but is absent in mammals; its exclusivity thus makes it a good antimalarial drug target. The current review presents PfATP4 function in the context of the pharmacological influence of its inhibitors. In addition, compounds with inhibitory activities belonging to spiroindolones, dihydroisoquinolones, aminopyrazoles, pyrazoleamides, and 4-cyano-3-methylisoquinolines, are also reviewed. Particular emphasis is placed on the results of preclinical and clinical studies in which their effectiveness was tested. PfATP4-associated antimalarials rapidly cleared parasites in mouse models and preliminary human trials. These findings highlight a fundamental biochemical mechanism sensitive to pharmacological intervention that can form a medicinal chemistry approach for antimalarial drug design to create new molecules with potent PfATP4 inhibitory activity. |
---|---|
MeSH term(s) | Animals ; Mice ; Female ; Humans ; Adenosine Triphosphatases/metabolism ; Antimalarials/chemistry ; Parasites ; Plasmodium falciparum ; Malaria/drug therapy ; Cations/metabolism ; Cations/pharmacology ; Cations/therapeutic use ; Malaria, Falciparum/drug therapy ; Malaria, Falciparum/parasitology ; Mammals/metabolism |
Chemical Substances | Adenosine Triphosphatases (EC 3.6.1.-) ; Antimalarials ; Cations |
Language | English |
Publishing date | 2022-12-01 |
Publishing country | United Arab Emirates |
Document type | Review ; Journal Article |
ZDB-ID | 2064823-6 |
ISSN | 1873-4294 ; 1568-0266 |
ISSN (online) | 1873-4294 |
ISSN | 1568-0266 |
DOI | 10.2174/1568026623666221121154354 |
Database | MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE |
More links
Kategorien
In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter
Zs.A 5572: Show issues | Location: Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand) bis Jg. 1994: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (2.OG) ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG) |
Order via subito
This service is chargeable due to the Delivery terms set by subito. Orders including an article and supplementary material will be classified as separate orders. In these cases, fees will be demanded for each order.