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Article ; Online: HIV, aging, and cognition: emerging issues.

Valcour, Victor G

2013 Volume 21, Issue 3, Page(s) 119–123

Abstract: ... but this must still be addressed on a case-by-case basis. This article summarizes a presentation by Victor G. Valcour ...

Abstract	The prevalence of HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder has not changed from the pre- to the potent antiretroviral therapy era, remaining at approximately 50%. In research settings, mild neurocognitive disorder (MND) and so-called asymptomatic neurocognitive impairment (ANI) are now more common than HIV-associated dementia. The diagnosis of ANI is misleading because functional deficits, when tested in a laboratory, and degree of neuropsychologic testing abnormalities are often comparable in patients with ANI and those with symptomatic MND. Age-related comorbidities increase the risk of cognitive impairment in HIV infection. In a cohort of patients aged 60 years or older with excellent antiretroviral therapy adherence, correlates to cognitive impairment were apolipoprotein (Apo) E4 genotype and a novel measure of the effectiveness of antiretroviral drugs in monocytes, the monocyte efficacy (ME) score, with trend associations for diabetes and nadir CD4+ cell count. Management of impairment includes ensuring that patients are on and adhere to antiretroviral therapy and addressing comorbidities. Switching from effective and well-tolerated antiretroviral therapy for patients with mild cognitive impairment is not routinely recommended, but this must still be addressed on a case-by-case basis. This article summarizes a presentation by Victor G. Valcour, MD, at the IAS-USA continuing education program held in Atlanta, Georgia, in April 2013.
MeSH term(s)	AIDS Dementia Complex/epidemiology ; Aging ; Cognition Disorders/epidemiology ; HIV Infections/complications ; Humans ; Risk Factors
Language	English
Publishing date	2013-08-27
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2656632-1
ISSN	2161-5853 ; 2161-5853
ISSN (online)	2161-5853
ISSN	2161-5853
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Article ; Online: Evaluating cognitive impairment in the clinical setting: practical screening and assessment tools.

Valcour, Victor G

Topics in antiviral medicine

2012 Volume 19, Issue 5, Page(s) 175–180

Abstract: ... by Victor G. Valcour, MD, at the 14th Annual Clinical Conference for the Ryan White HIV/AIDS Program held ...

Abstract	HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND) remain a substantial problem in the era of combination antiretroviral therapy. Neither the Mini Mental State Exam nor the HIV Dementia Scale is sufficiently sensitive for HAND. The Montreal Cognitive Assessment shows promise, but current data suggest that adding an additional test will be needed to improve sensitivity for the clinical setting. Patient reporting of symptoms is insensitive as most cases of HAND are asymptomatic. Examination of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is sometimes warranted in select patients to evaluate for CSF HIV RNA detectability. CSF escape of virus, when CSF HIV RNA is detectable but plasma HIV RNA is not, appears to be a relatively uncommon event in the clinical setting where the level of detectability for typical clinical assays is around 50 copies/mL. In cases of CSF escape, cognitive improvement has been linked to changes in antiretroviral regimens that are aimed at either overcoming antiretroviral resistance or improving central nervous system (CNS) penetration-effectiveness. Currently, for most patients with HAND in the absence of unusual features, there are insufficient data for a recommendation to routinely intensify therapy with a neurointensive antiretroviral regimen; however, there is considerable uncertainty given emerging data and variability in approach among experts in the field. This article summarizes a case-based presentation by Victor G. Valcour, MD, at the 14th Annual Clinical Conference for the Ryan White HIV/AIDS Program held in Tampa, Florida, in June 2011. The Clinical Conference is sponsored by the IAS-USA under the Health Resources and Services Administration (HRSA) contract number HHSH250200900010C.
MeSH term(s)	AIDS Dementia Complex/diagnosis ; Asymptomatic Diseases ; Central Nervous System/virology ; Cognition Disorders/diagnosis ; Female ; HIV/genetics ; HIV/isolation & purification ; HIV Infections/cerebrospinal fluid ; HIV Infections/complications ; HIV Infections/drug therapy ; HIV Infections/virology ; Humans ; Mass Screening ; Middle Aged ; Neuropsychological Tests ; Psychiatric Status Rating Scales ; RNA, Viral/cerebrospinal fluid ; Risk Factors ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; United States/epidemiology
Chemical Substances	RNA, Viral
Language	English
Publishing date	2012-01-31
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Case Reports ; Journal Article ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
ZDB-ID	2656632-1
ISSN	2161-5853 ; 2161-5853
ISSN (online)	2161-5853
ISSN	2161-5853
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Article ; Online: Cerebrovascular Disease Correlates With Longitudinal Brain Atrophy in Virally Suppressed Older People Living With HIV.

Samboju, Vishal / Cobigo, Yann / Paul, Robert / Naasan, Georges / Hillis, Madeline / Tsuei, Torie / Javandel, Shireen / Valcour, Victor / Milanini, Benedetta

Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999)

2021 Volume 87, Issue 4, Page(s) 1079–1085

Abstract: Background: Mild cognitive difficulties and progressive brain atrophy are observed in older people living with HIV (PLWH) despite persistent viral suppression. Whether cerebrovascular disease (CVD) risk factors and white matter hyperintensity (WMH) ... ...

Abstract	Background: Mild cognitive difficulties and progressive brain atrophy are observed in older people living with HIV (PLWH) despite persistent viral suppression. Whether cerebrovascular disease (CVD) risk factors and white matter hyperintensity (WMH) volume correspond to the observed progressive brain atrophy is not well understood. Methods: Longitudinal structural brain atrophy rates and WMH volume were examined among 57 HIV-infected participants and 40 demographically similar HIV-uninfected controls over an average (SD) of 3.4 (1.7) years. We investigated associations between CVD burden (presence of diabetes, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, obesity, smoking history, and atrial fibrillation) and WMH with atrophy over time. Results: The mean (SD) age was 64.8 (4.3) years for PLWH and 66.4 (3.2) years for controls. Participants and controls were similar in age and sex (P > 0.05). PLWH were persistently suppressed (VL <375 copies/mL with 93% <75 copies/mL). The total number of CVD risk factors did not associate with atrophy rates in any regions of interests examined; however, body mass index independently associated with progressive atrophy in the right precentral gyrus (β = -0.30; P = 0.023), parietal lobe (β = -0.28; P = 0.030), and frontal lobe atrophy (β = -0.27; P = 0.026) of the HIV-infected group. No associations were found in the HIV-uninfected group. In both groups, baseline WMH was associated with progressive atrophy rates bilaterally in the parietal gray in the HIV-infected group (β = -0.30; P = 0.034) and the HIV-uninfected participants (β = -0.37; P = 0.033). Conclusions: Body mass index and WMH are associated with atrophy in selective brain regions. However, CVD burden seems to partially contribute to progressive brain atrophy in older individuals regardless of HIV status, with similar effect sizes. Thus, CVD alone is unlikely to explain accelerated atrophy rates observed in virally suppressed PLWH. In older individuals, addressing modifiable CVD risk factors remains important to optimize brain health.
MeSH term(s)	Aged ; Anti-HIV Agents/therapeutic use ; Atrophy/etiology ; Atrophy/pathology ; Brain/pathology ; Cerebrovascular Disorders/etiology ; Cerebrovascular Disorders/pathology ; Female ; HIV Infections/complications ; HIV-1 ; Humans ; Longitudinal Studies ; Male ; Middle Aged
Chemical Substances	Anti-HIV Agents
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-06-21
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	645053-2
ISSN	1944-7884 ; 1077-9450 ; 0897-5965 ; 0894-9255 ; 1525-4135
ISSN (online)	1944-7884 ; 1077-9450
ISSN	0897-5965 ; 0894-9255 ; 1525-4135
DOI	10.1097/QAI.0000000000002683
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Article ; Online: Associations Between Plasma Immunomodulatory and Inflammatory Mediators With VACS Index Scores Among Older HIV-Infected Adults on Antiretroviral Therapy.

Premeaux, Thomas A / Javandel, Shireen / Hosaka, Kalei R J / Greene, Meredith / Therrien, Nicholas / Allen, Isabel E / Corley, Michael J / Valcour, Victor G / Ndhlovu, Lishomwa C

Frontiers in immunology

2020 Volume 11, Page(s) 1321

Abstract: The prevalence of age-related comorbidities is increased in people living with HIV, even in those well-controlled on combination antiretroviral therapy (ART). Persistent immune activation and inflammation may play pivotal roles in the pathogenesis; ... ...

Abstract	The prevalence of age-related comorbidities is increased in people living with HIV, even in those well-controlled on combination antiretroviral therapy (ART). Persistent immune activation and inflammation may play pivotal roles in the pathogenesis; however, the burden of morbidities in the older HIV infected population may be exacerbated and driven by distinct mechanisms. In a cross sectional study of 45 HIV-infected participants 60 years or older, we examined the relationships between 14 immunomodulatory and inflammatory factors and the Veterans Aging Cohort Study (VACS) Index, a metric of multimorbidity and mortality comprised of age, CD4 count, hemoglobin, Fibrosis-4 [FIB-4], and estimated glomerular filtration rate [eGFR], by linear regression analysis. All participants were virally suppressed (<50 HIV RNA copies/mL), on ART, and primarily Caucasian (86.7%), and male (91.1%). Plasma levels of monocyte/macrophage-associated (neopterin, IP-10, sCD163, sCD14, and MCP-1) and glycan-binding immunomodulatory factors (galectin (Gal)-1, Gal-3, and Gal-9) were assessed, as well as inflammatory biomarkers previously linked to the VACS Index (i.e., CRP, cystatin C, TNF-α, TNFRI, IL-6, and D-dimer) for comparison. In regression analysis, higher VACS index scores were associated with higher levels of neopterin, cystatin C, TNFRI, and Gal-9 (all
MeSH term(s)	Aged ; Aging/blood ; Aging/immunology ; Anti-Retroviral Agents/therapeutic use ; Biomarkers/blood ; Cohort Studies ; Cystatin C/blood ; Cytokines/blood ; Female ; Fibrin Fibrinogen Degradation Products/analysis ; Galectins/blood ; HIV/genetics ; HIV Infections/blood ; HIV Infections/drug therapy ; HIV Infections/epidemiology ; HIV Infections/virology ; Humans ; Inflammation Mediators/blood ; Male ; Membrane Proteins/blood ; Middle Aged ; Neopterin/blood ; RNA, Viral/blood ; Veterans
Chemical Substances	Anti-Retroviral Agents ; Biomarkers ; CST3 protein, human ; Cystatin C ; Cytokines ; Fibrin Fibrinogen Degradation Products ; Galectins ; Inflammation Mediators ; Membrane Proteins ; RNA, Viral ; fibrin fragment D ; Neopterin (670-65-5)
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-06-30
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
ZDB-ID	2606827-8
ISSN	1664-3224 ; 1664-3224
ISSN (online)	1664-3224
ISSN	1664-3224
DOI	10.3389/fimmu.2020.01321
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Article ; Online: Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction for Symptom Management in Older Individuals with HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorder.

Moskowitz, Judith T / Sharma, Brijesh / Javandel, Shireen / Moran, Patricia / Paul, Robert / De Gruttola, Victor / Tomov, Dimitre / Azmy, Haleem / Sandoval, Rodrigo / Hillis, Madeline / Chen, Karen P / Tsuei, Torie / Addington, Elizabeth L / Cummings, Peter D / Hellmuth, Joanna / Allen, Isabel Elaine / Ances, Beau M / Valcour, Victor / Milanini, Benedetta

AIDS and behavior

2024

Abstract: ... stress, anxiety, depression, and quality of life (QOL)] and cognitive metrics (e.g., speed ...

Abstract	The growing number of people aging with HIV represents a group vulnerable to the symptom burdens of HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder (HAND). Among younger groups, Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) has been shown to help people living with HIV manage HIV-related and other life stress, and although there is some theoretical and empirical evidence that it may be effective among those with cognitive deficits, the approach has not been studied in older populations with HAND. Participants (n = 180) 55 years or older with HIV and cognitive impairment were randomly assigned to either an 8-week MBSR arm or a waitlist control. We assessed the impact of MBSR compared to a waitlist control on psychological outcomes [stress, anxiety, depression, and quality of life (QOL)] and cognitive metrics (e.g., speed of information processing, working memory, attention, impulsivity) measured at baseline, immediately post intervention (8 weeks) and one month later (16 weeks). Intent to treat analyses showed significant improvement in the MBSR group compared to control on symptoms of depression from baseline to 8 weeks, however, the difference was not sustained at 16 weeks. The MBSR group also showed improvement in perceived QOL from baseline to 16 weeks compared to the waitlist control group. Cognitive performance did not differ between the two treatment arms. MBSR shows promise as a tool to help alleviate the symptom burden of depression and low QOL in older individuals living with HAND and future work should address methods to better sustain the beneficial impact on depression and QOL.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-03-16
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1339885-4
ISSN	1573-3254 ; 1090-7165
ISSN (online)	1573-3254
ISSN	1090-7165
DOI	10.1007/s10461-024-04295-1
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Article ; Online: Monocyte Activation Is Associated With Worse Cognitive Performance in HIV-Infected Women With Virologic Suppression.

Imp, Brandon M / Rubin, Leah H / Tien, Phyllis C / Plankey, Michael W / Golub, Elizabeth T / French, Audrey L / Valcour, Victor G

The Journal of infectious diseases

2017 Volume 215, Issue 1, Page(s) 114–121

Abstract: Background: Cognitive impairment persists despite suppression of plasma human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) RNA. Monocyte-related immune activation is a likely mechanism. We examined immune activation and cognition in a cohort of HIV-infected and ... ...

Abstract	Background: Cognitive impairment persists despite suppression of plasma human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) RNA. Monocyte-related immune activation is a likely mechanism. We examined immune activation and cognition in a cohort of HIV-infected and uninfected women from the Women's Interagency HIV Study (WIHS). Methods: Blood levels of activation markers, soluble CD163 (sCD163), soluble CD14 (sCD14), CRP, IL-6, and a gut microbial translocation marker (intestinal fatty acid binding protein (I-FABP)) were measured in 253 women (73% HIV-infected). Markers were compared to concurrent (within ± one semiannual visit) neuropsychological testing performance. Results: Higher sCD163 levels were associated with worse overall performance and worse verbal learning, verbal memory, executive function, psychomotor speed, and fine motor skills (P < .05 for all comparisons). Higher sCD14 levels were associated with worse verbal learning, verbal memory, executive function, and psychomotor speed (P < .05 for all comparisons). Among women with virological suppression, sCD163 remained associated with overall performance, verbal memory, psychomotor speed, and fine motor skills, and sCD164 remained associated with executive function (P < .05 for all comparisons). CRP, IL-6, and I-FABP were not associated with worse cognitive performance. Conclusions: Monocyte activation was associated with worse cognitive performance, and associations persisted despite viral suppression. Persistent inflammatory mechanisms related to monocytes correlate to clinically pertinent brain outcomes.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Aged ; Antigens, CD/blood ; Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic/blood ; Biomarkers/blood ; Carrier Proteins/blood ; Cognition Disorders/etiology ; Cognition Disorders/immunology ; Cognition Disorders/virology ; Fatty Acid-Binding Proteins/blood ; Female ; HIV Infections/complications ; HIV Infections/immunology ; HIV Infections/virology ; Humans ; Interleukin-6/blood ; LIM Domain Proteins/blood ; Lipopolysaccharide Receptors/blood ; Middle Aged ; Monocytes/immunology ; Monocytes/metabolism ; Peptide Fragments/blood ; Prospective Studies ; Receptors, Cell Surface/blood ; Viral Load
Chemical Substances	Antigens, CD ; Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic ; Biomarkers ; CD163 antigen ; CRIP1 protein, human ; Carrier Proteins ; Fatty Acid-Binding Proteins ; Interleukin-6 ; LIM Domain Proteins ; Lipopolysaccharide Receptors ; Peptide Fragments ; Receptors, Cell Surface ; intestinal fatty acid-binding protein (1-19), human
Language	English
Publishing date	2017-01-01
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Multicenter Study ; Observational Study
ZDB-ID	3019-3
ISSN	1537-6613 ; 0022-1899
ISSN (online)	1537-6613
ISSN	0022-1899
DOI	10.1093/infdis/jiw506
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Article: Early Inflammatory Signatures Predict Subsequent Cognition in Long-Term Virally Suppressed Women With HIV.

Rubin, Leah H / Xu, Yanxun / Norris, Philip J / Wang, Xuzhi / Dastgheyb, Raha / Fitzgerald, Kathryn C / Keating, Sheila M / Kaplan, Robert C / Maki, Pauline M / Anastos, Kathryn / Springer, Gayle / Benning, Lorie / Kassaye, Seble / Gustafson, Deborah R / Valcour, Victor G / Williams, Dionna W

Frontiers in integrative neuroscience

2020 Volume 14, Page(s) 20

Abstract: Immunologic function is an important determinant of cognition. Here we examined the contribution of early immune signatures to cognitive performance among HIV-infected, virally suppressed women (HIV+VS) and in HIV-uninfected (HIV-) women. Specifically, ... ...

Abstract	Immunologic function is an important determinant of cognition. Here we examined the contribution of early immune signatures to cognitive performance among HIV-infected, virally suppressed women (HIV+VS) and in HIV-uninfected (HIV-) women. Specifically, we measured serum inflammatory markers, developed combinatory immune signatures, and evaluated their associations with cognition. Forty-nine HIV+VS women in the Women's Interagency HIV Study (WIHS) who achieved viral suppression shortly after effective antiretroviral therapy (ART) initiation, and 56 matched HIV- women were selected. Forty-two serum inflammatory markers were measured within 2 years of effective ART initiation for HIV+VS women, and at an initial timepoint for HIV- women. The same inflammatory markers were also measured approximately 1, 7, and 12 years later for all women. Of the 105 women with complete immune data, 83 (34 HIV+VS, 49 HIV-) also had cognitive data available 12 years later at ≥1 time points (median = 3.1). We searched for combinatory immune signatures by adapting a dynamic matrix factorization analytic method that builds upon Tucker decomposition followed by Ingenuity
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-04-24
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2452962-X
ISSN	1662-5145
ISSN	1662-5145
DOI	10.3389/fnint.2020.00020
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Article: Factors Predicting Detrimental Change in Declarative Memory Among Women With HIV: A Study of Heterogeneity in Cognition.

Fitzgerald, Kathryn C / Maki, Pauline M / Xu, Yanxun / Jin, Wei / Dastgheyb, Raha / Williams, Dionna W / Springer, Gayle / Anastos, Kathryn / Gustafson, Deborah / Spence, Amanda B / Adimora, Adaora A / Waldrop, Drenna / Vance, David E / Bolivar, Hector / Valcour, Victor G / Rubin, Leah H

Frontiers in psychology

2020 Volume 11, Page(s) 548521

Abstract: Objective: Statistical techniques used to study cognitive function in HIV typically yield normative estimates and can mask the heterogeneity in cognitive trajectories over time. We applied a novel statistical approach to identify clusters of individuals ...

Abstract	Objective: Statistical techniques used to study cognitive function in HIV typically yield normative estimates and can mask the heterogeneity in cognitive trajectories over time. We applied a novel statistical approach to identify clusters of individuals with distinct patterns of change in declarative memory in HIV-seropositive (HIV+) and HIV-seronegative (HIV-) women. Methods: 1731 women from the Women's Interagency HIV Study, a multi-center, prospective cohort study, completed the Hopkins Verbal Learning Test-Revised (HLVT-R) at >2 visits. To derive subgroups with similar patterns of decline by HIV-serostatus, we used a mixed-effects framework that modeled the trajectory of multiple declarative memory outcomes over time, while simultaneously clustering individuals. Results: Of the 1731 participants, 1149 were HIV+ (70% Black/African American [AA]; 30% White/Other [W/O]) and 582 were HIV- (68% AA; 32% W/O). Race stratification was necessary to optimize clustering. Among HIV+AA's, four subgroups emerged: a subgroup with minimal decline, two with accelerated decline, and one with stable but low performance. In HIV- AA, three subgroups emerged: one with minimal decline and two with accelerated decline. In multivariable-adjusted models among HIV+, individuals with accelerated decline were less educated ( Conclusion: We identified clinically meaningful subgroups of women with distinct phenotypes of declarative memory decline, which depend on race and HIV-serostatus using a data driven approach. Identification of underlying mechanisms and risk factors contributing to the observed differences are warranted. More broadly our modeling approach could be other populations to identify risk factors for accelerated cognitive decline and to personalize interventions.
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-10-15
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2563826-9
ISSN	1664-1078
ISSN	1664-1078
DOI	10.3389/fpsyg.2020.548521
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Article ; Online: Elevated Depressive Symptoms Are a Stronger Predictor of Executive Dysfunction in HIV-Infected Women Than in Men.

Rubin, Leah H / Springer, Gayle / Martin, Eileen M / Seaberg, Eric C / Sacktor, Ned C / Levine, Andrew / Valcour, Victor G / Young, Mary A / Becker, James T / Maki, Pauline M

Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999)

2019 Volume 81, Issue 3, Page(s) 274–283

Abstract: Background: HIV-infected (HIV+) women seem to be more vulnerable to neurocognitive impairment (NCI) than HIV+ men, perhaps in part due to mental health factors. We assessed the association between elevated depressive symptoms and NCI among HIV+ and HIV- ... ...

Abstract	Background: HIV-infected (HIV+) women seem to be more vulnerable to neurocognitive impairment (NCI) than HIV+ men, perhaps in part due to mental health factors. We assessed the association between elevated depressive symptoms and NCI among HIV+ and HIV-uninfected (HIV-) women and men. Setting: Women's Interagency HIV Study and Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study. Methods: Eight hundred fifty-eight HIV+ (429 women; 429 men) and 562 HIV- (281 women; 281 men) completed the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression (16 cutoff) Scale and measures of psychomotor speed/attention, executive, and motor function over multiple visits (or time points). Women's Interagency HIV Study and Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study participants were matched according to HIV status, age, race/ethnicity, and education. Generalized linear mixed models were used to examine interactions between biological sex, HIV serostatus, and depression on impairment (T-scores <40) after covariate adjustment. Results: Despite a higher frequency of depression among men, the association between depression and executive function differed by sex and HIV serostatus. HIV+ women with depression had 5 times the odds of impairment on a measure of executive control and inhibition versus HIV- depressed women and 3 times the odds of impairment on that measure versus HIV+ depressed men. Regardless of group status, depression was associated with greater impairment on processing speed, executive (mental flexibility), and motor function (P's < 0.05). Conclusions: Depression contributes to NCI across a broad range of cognitive domains in HIV+ and HIV- individuals, but HIV+ depressed women show greater vulnerabilities in executive function. Treating depression may help to improve cognition in patients with HIV infection.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Age Factors ; Aged ; Cognition ; Cohort Studies ; Depression/epidemiology ; Ethnicity ; Executive Function ; Female ; HIV Infections/complications ; HIV Infections/psychology ; Humans ; Male ; Mental Health ; Middle Aged ; Race Factors ; Sex Factors ; United States ; Young Adult
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-03-20
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Multicenter Study ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
ZDB-ID	645053-2
ISSN	1944-7884 ; 1077-9450 ; 0897-5965 ; 0894-9255 ; 1525-4135
ISSN (online)	1944-7884 ; 1077-9450
ISSN	0897-5965 ; 0894-9255 ; 1525-4135
DOI	10.1097/QAI.0000000000002029
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Article ; Online: Infrequent HIV Infection of Circulating Monocytes during Antiretroviral Therapy.

Massanella, Marta / Bakeman, Wendy / Sithinamsuwan, Pasiri / Fletcher, James L K / Chomchey, Nitiya / Tipsuk, Somporn / Chalermchai, Thep / Routy, Jean-Pierre / Ananworanich, Jintanat / Valcour, Victor G / Chomont, Nicolas

Journal of virology

2019 Volume 94, Issue 1

Abstract: Whereas human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) persists in tissue macrophages during antiretroviral therapy (ART), the role of circulating monocytes as HIV reservoirs remains controversial. Three magnetic bead selection methods and flow cytometry cell ... ...

Abstract	Whereas human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) persists in tissue macrophages during antiretroviral therapy (ART), the role of circulating monocytes as HIV reservoirs remains controversial. Three magnetic bead selection methods and flow cytometry cell sorting were compared for their capacity to yield pure CD14
MeSH term(s)	Anti-HIV Agents/therapeutic use ; Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active ; CD4 Lymphocyte Count ; CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes/classification ; CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes/drug effects ; CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology ; CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes/virology ; Cohort Studies ; DNA, Viral/antagonists & inhibitors ; DNA, Viral/genetics ; Flow Cytometry ; HIV Infections/drug therapy ; HIV Infections/genetics ; HIV Infections/immunology ; HIV Infections/pathology ; HIV-1/drug effects ; HIV-1/genetics ; HIV-1/growth & development ; Humans ; Immunophenotyping ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Monocytes/classification ; Monocytes/drug effects ; Monocytes/immunology ; Monocytes/virology ; Primary Cell Culture ; Thailand ; Viral Load/drug effects
Chemical Substances	Anti-HIV Agents ; DNA, Viral
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-12-12
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	80174-4
ISSN	1098-5514 ; 0022-538X
ISSN (online)	1098-5514
ISSN	0022-538X
DOI	10.1128/JVI.01174-19
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