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Article ; Conference proceedings ; Online: 8.L. Round table

Ribeiro, Sofia / Ghattas, Jinane / Bekker, M.P.M.

Breaking the barriers: gender equality and women empowerment in public health practice

2022

Abstract: Gender equality is an issue in the public health arena. Though women make 70% of the healthcare workforce, there is an average 28% pay gap. (WHO, 2019). Other barriers have been identified in the literature. (Lancet, 2019) Work-life balance, gender ... ...

Abstract	Gender equality is an issue in the public health arena. Though women make 70% of the healthcare workforce, there is an average 28% pay gap. (WHO, 2019). Other barriers have been identified in the literature. (Lancet, 2019) Work-life balance, gender discrimination, sexual harassment or assault in the workplace are pointed out in research studies. Consequences of poor work-life balance include insufficient time with families, difficulties in handling work and all household responsibilities, affecting childbearing decisions. Women also decline leadership opportunities, such as promotions and committee chair positions, because of family obligations. Gender discrimination included feeling inferior and discouragement from promotions or leadership positions on the basis of gender. Another identified barrier was the lack of a safe and unbiased system for seeking help following harassment or assault. Issues related to work-life balance became even more apparent during the COVID-19 pandemic, which placed a disproportionate burden in female public health workers. In the recovery phase, we have an opportunity to rethink public health delivery in order to make it a more equal, less biased, and safe place for women. This should be a concerted effort, involving men and vulnerable populations such as trans women and underrepresented ethnic groups, to ensure that no one is left behind. As one of the leading public health organizations in Europe, the European Public Health Association is committed to join efforts to address this issue in the multiple public health arenas: public health practice, policy and research. This panel discussion is a collaboration between the EUPHA Working Group on gender equality and women's and girl's empowerment, the Policy and Practice section and EUPHAnxt, and is for any conference participant that is committed to reducing the gender gap in public health. The aim of this panel discussion is two-fold. First, we aim at discussing the barriers that female healthcare workers face on an everyday basis, ...
Keywords	Life Science
Subject code	360
Language	English
Publishing country	nl
Document type	Article ; Conference proceedings ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Finding the best trade-off between performance and interpretability in predicting hospital length of stay using structured and unstructured data.

Jaotombo, Franck / Adorni, Luca / Ghattas, Badih / Boyer, Laurent

PloS one

2023 Volume 18, Issue 11, Page(s) e0289795

Abstract: Objective: This study aims to develop high-performing Machine Learning and Deep Learning models in predicting hospital length of stay (LOS) while enhancing interpretability. We compare performance and interpretability of models trained only on ... ...

Abstract	Objective: This study aims to develop high-performing Machine Learning and Deep Learning models in predicting hospital length of stay (LOS) while enhancing interpretability. We compare performance and interpretability of models trained only on structured tabular data with models trained only on unstructured clinical text data, and on mixed data. Methods: The structured data was used to train fourteen classical Machine Learning models including advanced ensemble trees, neural networks and k-nearest neighbors. The unstructured data was used to fine-tune a pre-trained Bio Clinical BERT Transformer Deep Learning model. The structured and unstructured data were then merged into a tabular dataset after vectorization of the clinical text and a dimensional reduction through Latent Dirichlet Allocation. The study used the free and publicly available Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care (MIMIC) III database, on the open AutoML Library AutoGluon. Performance is evaluated with respect to two types of random classifiers, used as baselines. Results: The best model from structured data demonstrates high performance (ROC AUC = 0.944, PRC AUC = 0.655) with limited interpretability, where the most important predictors of prolonged LOS are the level of blood urea nitrogen and of platelets. The Transformer model displays a good but lower performance (ROC AUC = 0.842, PRC AUC = 0.375) with a richer array of interpretability by providing more specific in-hospital factors including procedures, conditions, and medical history. The best model trained on mixed data satisfies both a high level of performance (ROC AUC = 0.963, PRC AUC = 0.746) and a much larger scope in interpretability including pathologies of the intestine, the colon, and the blood; infectious diseases, respiratory problems, procedures involving sedation and intubation, and vascular surgery. Conclusions: Our results outperform most of the state-of-the-art models in LOS prediction both in terms of performance and of interpretability. Data fusion between structured and unstructured text data may significantly improve performance and interpretability.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Length of Stay ; Neural Networks, Computer ; Machine Learning ; Critical Care ; Records
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-11-30
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2267670-3
ISSN	1932-6203 ; 1932-6203
ISSN (online)	1932-6203
ISSN	1932-6203
DOI	10.1371/journal.pone.0289795
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Effusion Prevalence at Tympanostomy During COVID-19: Follow-Up.

Nguyen, Dang-Khoa / Ghattas, Yasmine / Maul, Timothy M / Wei, Julie L

Ear, nose, & throat journal

2023 , Page(s) 1455613221140275

Abstract: Objective: We previously reported pandemic year (2020) intraoperative middle ear effusion (MEE) : Methods: This study is a retrospective chart summary exempted by Nemours institutional review board at a single tertiary children's hospital. Children < ...

Abstract	Objective: We previously reported pandemic year (2020) intraoperative middle ear effusion (MEE) Methods: This study is a retrospective chart summary exempted by Nemours institutional review board at a single tertiary children's hospital. Children < 18 years who underwent BMT during March 1, 2019-June 31, 2019 (pre-COVID), March 1, 2020-June 31, 2020 (PY1), and March 1, 2021-June 31, 2021 (PY2) were included. Statistical analysis included chi-squared and KruskalWallis. Results: A total of 1069 BMTs were reviewed: 551 (52%) during pre-COVID, 227 (21%) during PY1, and 291 (27%) during PY2. There were no significant differences in age, sex, or BMI across comparison groups. Intraoperative MEE was significantly higher pre-COVID (83%) compared to PY1 (65%) and PY2 (69%) ( Conclusion: Intraoperative MEE remains lower in subsequent pandemic years despite relaxed public health measures and may be impacted by persistent public health measures like masking, lower return to daycare, variable social distancing, and/or change to access to health care.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-01-18
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	750153-5
ISSN	1942-7522 ; 0145-5613
ISSN (online)	1942-7522
ISSN	0145-5613
DOI	10.1177/01455613221140275
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Article ; Online: Systematic review on the impacts of agricultural interventions on food security and nutrition in complex humanitarian emergency settings.

Al Daccache, Melodie / Abi Zeid, Berthe / Hojeij, Leila / Baliki, Ghassan / Brück, Tilman / Ghattas, Hala

BMC nutrition

2024 Volume 10, Issue 1, Page(s) 60

Abstract: Complex humanitarian emergencies are a main driver of food and nutritional insecurity. Agricultural interventions are key to improving nutrition and food security, and their positive impacts are well-documented in stable developing countries. However, it ...

Abstract	Complex humanitarian emergencies are a main driver of food and nutritional insecurity. Agricultural interventions are key to improving nutrition and food security, and their positive impacts are well-documented in stable developing countries. However, it is unclear if their positive effects on food security hold in complex emergency settings, too. In this paper, we systematically review empirical articles that apply rigorous designs to assess the causal impacts of agricultural interventions on food security, nutrition, or health outcomes in complex humanitarian emergencies. We only find six articles matching these criteria, which have mixed results on dietary diversity and food security, and little evidence on child nutrition. Our review underscores the need for more rigorous research on the impacts of agricultural interventions in complex humanitarian emergency settings.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-04-19
Publishing country	England
Document type	Systematic Review
ZDB-ID	2809847-X
ISSN	2055-0928 ; 2055-0928
ISSN (online)	2055-0928
ISSN	2055-0928
DOI	10.1186/s40795-024-00864-8
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Article ; Online: Allosteric Binding Sites of the SARS-CoV-2 Main Protease: Potential Targets for Broad-Spectrum Anti-Coronavirus Agents.

Alzyoud, Lara / Ghattas, Mohammad A / Atatreh, Noor

Drug design, development and therapy

2022 Volume 16, Page(s) 2463–2478

Abstract: The current pandemic caused by the COVID-19 disease has reached everywhere in the world and has affected every aspect of our lives. As of the current data, the World Health Organization (WHO) has reported more than 300 million confirmed COVID-19 cases ... ...

Abstract	The current pandemic caused by the COVID-19 disease has reached everywhere in the world and has affected every aspect of our lives. As of the current data, the World Health Organization (WHO) has reported more than 300 million confirmed COVID-19 cases worldwide and more than 5 million deaths. M
MeSH term(s)	Allosteric Site ; Antiviral Agents/chemistry ; Antiviral Agents/pharmacology ; Binding Sites ; COVID-19/drug therapy ; Coronavirus 3C Proteases ; Humans ; Molecular Docking Simulation ; Protease Inhibitors/chemistry ; Protease Inhibitors/pharmacology ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Viral Nonstructural Proteins/metabolism
Chemical Substances	Antiviral Agents ; Protease Inhibitors ; Viral Nonstructural Proteins ; 3C-like proteinase, SARS-CoV-2 (EC 3.4.22.-) ; Coronavirus 3C Proteases (EC 3.4.22.28)
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-08-02
Publishing country	New Zealand
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2451346-5
ISSN	1177-8881 ; 1177-8881
ISSN (online)	1177-8881
ISSN	1177-8881
DOI	10.2147/DDDT.S370574
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Article ; Online: Trends in Positive, Negative, and Neutral Themes of Popular Music From 1998 to 2018: Observational Study.

Kwon, Lois / Medina, Daniela / Ghattas, Fady / Reyes, Lilia

JMIR pediatrics and parenting

2021 Volume 4, Issue 2, Page(s) e26475

Abstract: Background: Across the United States, the incidence of adolescent depression and suicide cases has risen in the past 10 years. Despite the risk factors and causes being multifactorial, the influence of popular culture on society and adolescents in this ... ...

Abstract	Background: Across the United States, the incidence of adolescent depression and suicide cases has risen in the past 10 years. Despite the risk factors and causes being multifactorial, the influence of popular culture on society and adolescents in this media-driven generation cannot be mitigated. Although the impact of social media and its effect on shaping self-identity in adolescents have been observed, the impact of music and its potential for subliminal negative messages to adolescents remains unclear. Objective: This study analyzes the lyrics and music videos of the most popular music of multiple genres to quantify the frequencies of varying music theme trends. Methods: The frequencies of themes of 1052 total American and Latin songs were collected from the Nielsen Music and Billboard's top 100 chart performance from 1998 to 2018 for hip hop/rhythm and blues (R&B), pop, Latin, country, and rock/metal genres. Themes from songs were identified, quantified, and categorized with a rubric into negative, neutral, and positive themes by 3 different reviewers. Analysis was performed using 2-tailed t tests and a generalized linear model. Results: Popular songs were reviewed for positive, negative, and neutral themes in the following 3-year intervals for ease of analysis purposes: 1998 to 2000 (n=148), 2001 to 2003 (n=150), 2004 to 2006 (n=148), 2007 to 2009 (n=156), 2010 to 2012 (n= 150), 2013 to 2015 (n=150), and 2016 to 2018 (n=150). There was a significant 180% increase in the percentage of songs with negative themes between all the interval years and across all genres (P<.001), while there was no significant difference in the frequency of songs with positive (P=.54) or neutral (P=.26) themes by year. There were significant differences in the number of negative themes found across genres (P<.001), with hip hop/R&B having the highest frequency of 130 out of 208 (62.5%) of the negative themes when compared to each of the individual genres (P<.001). Conclusions: This study shows there is an increase in the frequency of negative themes over the span of 20 years across all genres, with hip hop/R&B having the highest frequency among the genres. These findings point to the potential impact that music may have in popular culture and on society. Furthermore, these results can help shape discussions between caregivers and their adolescent dependents and between primary care providers and their adolescent patients.
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-06-24
Publishing country	Canada
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2561-6722
ISSN (online)	2561-6722
DOI	10.2196/26475
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Positive and Negative Themes in Popular Video Games Based on Entertainment Software Review Board Ratings.

Ghattas, Fady / Reyes, Lilia

Global pediatric health

2019 Volume 6, Page(s) 2333794X19859740

Abstract: Video games have become a major part of a child's recreational time. The objective of this study was to determine whether or not the number of positive and negative themes in video games differ based on their Entertainment Software Review Board rating. ... ...

Abstract	Video games have become a major part of a child's recreational time. The objective of this study was to determine whether or not the number of positive and negative themes in video games differ based on their Entertainment Software Review Board rating. Thirty of the most popular games in 2016 were reviewed and scored based on a rubric made a priori. Mature, Teen, and Everyone rated games did not show significant difference in the frequency of positive themes (3.7, 3.1, 3.2, respectively;
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-06-25
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2785531-4
ISSN	2333-794X ; 2333-794X
ISSN (online)	2333-794X
ISSN	2333-794X
DOI	10.1177/2333794X19859740
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Article ; Online: Extent of cardiac damage and hospitalization burden in patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve replacement.

Bække, Pernille Steen / Gran, Laurits Lykkeskov / Jørgensen, Troels Højsgaard / Ghattas, Angie / Fosbøl, Emil / Sondergaard, Lars / De Backer, Ole

Catheterization and cardiovascular interventions : official journal of the Society for Cardiac Angiography & Interventions

2024 Volume 103, Issue 5, Page(s) 766–770

Abstract: Background: Cardiac damage has gained increasing attention as a valid prognostic marker of mortality after transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR). However, studies investigating the possible association between cardiac damage and hospitalization ... ...

Abstract	Background: Cardiac damage has gained increasing attention as a valid prognostic marker of mortality after transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR). However, studies investigating the possible association between cardiac damage and hospitalization burden in TAVR patients are lacking. Aims: This study aimed to investigate the impact of baseline cardiac damage on the hospitalization burden before, during, and after TAVR in an all-comers population. Methods: All consecutive patients who underwent TAVR between 2016 and 2020 were included. Electronic medical records of all patients were examined to validate cardiovascular (CV) and heart failure (HF) related hospitalizations from 6 months before to 1 year after TAVR. Baseline cardiac damage was defined according to the staging classification by Généreux et al. RESULTS: Among 1397 TAVR patients, 94 (6.7%) had stage 0, 368 (26.4%) stage 1, 736 (52.7%) stage 2, 115 (8.2%) stage 3, and 84 (6.0%) stage 4 cardiac damage. Patients with more advanced cardiac damage at baseline had more HF hospitalizations within 6 months before TAVR (p < 0.01) and with a longer length of stay (LoS) (p < 0.01). Regarding the index TAVR admission, there was no difference in procedure time (p = 0.26) or LoS (p = 0.18) between groups. Still, TAVR patients with more advanced baseline cardiac damage had a higher risk of CV and HF rehospitalization after TAVR (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Baseline cardiac damage in patients undergoing TAVR has an impact on the pre- and post-procedural cardiovascular hospitalization burden. However, the cardiac damage status does not affect the TAVR procedure time or index TAVR admission length of stay.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement ; Aortic Valve Stenosis/diagnostic imaging ; Aortic Valve Stenosis/surgery ; Aortic Valve Stenosis/epidemiology ; Treatment Outcome ; Hospitalization ; Length of Stay ; Heart Failure ; Risk Factors ; Aortic Valve/diagnostic imaging ; Aortic Valve/surgery
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-04-02
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1459995-8
ISSN	1522-726X ; 1522-1946
ISSN (online)	1522-726X
ISSN	1522-1946
DOI	10.1002/ccd.31015
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Article ; Online: A Letter to the Editor on the Original Article: Spontaneous Penile Tumescence by Sparing Cavernous Tissue in the Course of Malleable Penile Prosthesis Implantation.

Ghattas, Osama / Doheim, Mohamed Fahmy / Burnett, Arthur L

The journal of sexual medicine

2020 Volume 17, Issue 7, Page(s) 1405

MeSH term(s)	Erectile Dysfunction/etiology ; Erectile Dysfunction/surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Penile Erection ; Penile Implantation ; Penile Prosthesis
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-04-24
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Letter ; Comment
ZDB-ID	2251959-2
ISSN	1743-6109 ; 1743-6095
ISSN (online)	1743-6109
ISSN	1743-6095
DOI	10.1016/j.jsxm.2020.03.011
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Article ; Online: Modified malleable prosthesis with a fixed mesh: case series for the Ghattas technique.

Ghattas, Osama / Doheim, Mohamed Fahmy / Kotb, Hossam / Burnett, Arthur L

Asian journal of andrology

2021 Volume 24, Issue 2, Page(s) 167–170

Abstract: ... mechanical options. In this study, we introduce the "Ghattas technique," wherein we constructed ... of 94.9 (s.d.: 9.9). The proposed Ghattas technique was safe and effective in our patients, and provides ...

Abstract	Penile prosthetic implantation represents a cornerstone for patients with organic erectile dysfunction (ED) that is refractory, unsatisfactory, or contra-indicated for other approved medical or mechanical options. In this study, we introduce the "Ghattas technique," wherein we constructed a polypropylene mesh sheath that surrounds and is fixed to a 13-mm malleable prosthesis cylinder, which can increase the cylinder diameter for cases that need a larger prosthesis. All patients underwent preoperative evaluation and completed the five-item International Index of Erectile Function questionnaire (IIEF-5). Postoperative outcomes were evaluated by IIEF-5 and Erectile Dysfunction Inventory of Treatment Satisfaction (EDITS) questionnaires at final follow-up. The mean age of the 23 included patients was 57.9 (standard deviation [s.d.]: 11.4) years and the mean duration of ED was 8.5 (s.d.: 7.9) years. Erection improvement was determined by comparing mean preoperative and postoperative IIEF-5 scores (8.3 [s.d.: 3.9] vs 24.6 [s.d.: 0.6], P < 0.001). High treatment satisfaction was determined according to a mean EDITS score of 94.9 (s.d.: 9.9). The proposed Ghattas technique was safe and effective in our patients, and provides opportunity for cases that need a diameter larger than 13 mm. Further studies are needed to confirm these results.
MeSH term(s)	Child ; Erectile Dysfunction/surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Patient Satisfaction ; Penile Prosthesis ; Surgical Mesh ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Treatment Outcome
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-07-02
Publishing country	China
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2075824-8
ISSN	1745-7262 ; 1008-682X
ISSN (online)	1745-7262
ISSN	1008-682X
DOI	10.4103/aja.aja_55_21
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