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Article: Evaluating the healthfulness of Asian American young adult dietary behaviors and its association with family structure: Disaggregated results from NHIS 2015.

Ali, Shahmir H / Parekh, Niyati / Islam, Nadia S / Merdjanoff, Alexis A / DiClemente, Ralph J

2023 , Page(s) 2601060231151986

Abstract: Background: ...

Abstract	Background:
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-01-23
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	603215-1
ISSN	2047-945X ; 0260-1060
ISSN (online)	2047-945X
ISSN	0260-1060
DOI	10.1177/02601060231151986
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Article ; Online: Ultra-processed food intake among South Asians in the United States: Specific vulnerabilities of a growing immigrant population group.

Hussain, Bridget Murphy / Juul, Filippa / Deierlein, Andrea L / Parekh, Niyati

Nutrition reviews

2023

Abstract: South Asians are among the fastest growing immigrant population groups in the United States. Their traditional diets are rich in minimally processed fruits, vegetables, grains, herbs, and spices. However, the proliferation of ultra-processed foods ( ... ...

Abstract	South Asians are among the fastest growing immigrant population groups in the United States. Their traditional diets are rich in minimally processed fruits, vegetables, grains, herbs, and spices. However, the proliferation of ultra-processed foods (highly processed, industrially manufactured formulations) around the globe may compromise the nutrition profile of South Asians, threatening to increase their risk of noncommunicable diseases. This commentary discusses the rise in ultra-processed food consumption among South Asians in the United States and hypothesizes that South Asians may be especially vulnerable to the effects of ultra-processed foods due to their unique cardiovascular disease risk profiles. Using these emerging data, we propose several strategies for preventing the overconsumption of ultra-processed foods among South Asian Americans. These include the implementation of policies to encourage the consumption of whole foods over ultra-processed foods and the development of culturally tailored interventions, which include promoting consumption of traditional diets, improving affordability of healthful, culturally appropriate foods, and cultivating healthier food environments for South Asians living in the United States.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-10-20
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	82067-2
ISSN	1753-4887 ; 0029-6643
ISSN (online)	1753-4887
ISSN	0029-6643
DOI	10.1093/nutrit/nuad126
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Article ; Online: Health behaviours during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic: implications for obesity.

Parekh, Niyati / Deierlein, Andrea L

Public health nutrition

2020 Volume 23, Issue 17, Page(s) 3121–3125

Abstract: Objective: Obesity is a risk factor for severe complications and death from the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Public health efforts to control the pandemic may alter health behaviors related to weight gain, inflammation, and poor cardiometabolic ... ...

Abstract	Objective: Obesity is a risk factor for severe complications and death from the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Public health efforts to control the pandemic may alter health behaviors related to weight gain, inflammation, and poor cardiometabolic health, exacerbating the prevalence of obesity, poor immune health, and chronic diseases. Design: We reviewed how the pandemic adversely influences many of these behaviors, specifically physical activity, sedentary behaviors, sleep, and dietary intakes, and provided individual level strategies that may be used to mitigate them. Results: At the community level and higher, public health and health care professionals need to advocate for intervention strategies and policy changes that address these behaviors, such as increasing nutrition assistance programs and creating designated areas for recreation and active transportation, to reduce disparities among vulnerable populations. Conclusions: The long-lasting impact of the pandemic on health behaviors, and the possibility of a second COVID-19 wave, emphasize the need for creative and evolving, multi-level approaches to assist individuals in adapting their health behaviors to prevent both chronic and infectious diseases.
MeSH term(s)	COVID-19/epidemiology ; Chronic Disease/epidemiology ; Chronic Disease/prevention & control ; Diet ; Exercise ; Female ; Health Behavior ; Humans ; Male ; Obesity/epidemiology ; Pandemics ; Prevalence ; Public Health ; Risk Factors ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Sedentary Behavior ; Sleep
Keywords	covid19
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-08-04
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	1436024-x
ISSN	1475-2727 ; 1368-9800
ISSN (online)	1475-2727
ISSN	1368-9800
DOI	10.1017/S1368980020003031
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Article ; Online: A need for diet assessment technology for South Asians living in the USA.

Hussain, Bridget Murphy / Talegawkar, Sameera A / Shivakoti, Rupak / Parekh, Niyati

Translational behavioral medicine

2022 Volume 12, Issue 6, Page(s) 761–763

Abstract: South Asians are among the fastest growing ethnic group in the USA yet remain understudied in epidemiologic studies. Due to their unique disease profile, identifying risk moderators and mitigators, such as dietary patterns and food intake, will help to ... ...

Abstract	South Asians are among the fastest growing ethnic group in the USA yet remain understudied in epidemiologic studies. Due to their unique disease profile, identifying risk moderators and mitigators, such as dietary patterns and food intake, will help to determine the diet-disease relationship that is specific to this largely immigrant population group in the USA. The aim of this commentary is to highlight the dietary traditions and acculturated practices experienced by South Asians in the USA with a call for a diet assessment instrument that adequately captures their dietary diversity. Specifically, we call for (i) the inclusion of traditional food items, such as herbs and spices, that individualize diet assessment for participants; and (ii) leveraging technology that will enhance the experience of diet assessment for both researchers and participants, tailoring the collection of habitual dietary intake in this diverse population group.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Diet ; Asian People ; Eating ; Ethnicity ; Risk Factors ; Technology
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-06-08
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
ZDB-ID	2586893-7
ISSN	1613-9860 ; 1869-6716
ISSN (online)	1613-9860
ISSN	1869-6716
DOI	10.1093/tbm/ibac020
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Article ; Online: Perspective: Novel Approaches to Evaluate Dietary Quality: Combining Methods to Enhance Measurement for Dietary Surveillance and Interventions.

Vadiveloo, Maya K / Juul, Filippa / Sotos-Prieto, Mercedes / Parekh, Niyati

Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.)

2022 Volume 13, Issue 4, Page(s) 1009–1015

Abstract: Refining existing dietary assessment methods to reduce measurement error and facilitate the routine evaluation of dietary quality is essential to inform health policy. Notable advancements in technology in the past decade have enhanced the precision and ... ...

Abstract	Refining existing dietary assessment methods to reduce measurement error and facilitate the routine evaluation of dietary quality is essential to inform health policy. Notable advancements in technology in the past decade have enhanced the precision and transformation of dietary assessment methods with applications toward both population health and precision nutrition. Within population health, innovative applications of big data including use of automatically collected food purchasing data, quantitative measurement of food environments, and novel, yet simplified dietary quality metrics provide important complementary data to traditional self-report methods. Precision nutrition is similarly advancing with greater use of validated biomarkers for assessing dietary patterns and understanding individual variability in metabolism. Concurrently enhancing our understanding of diet-disease relations at the population health and precision nutrition levels provides tremendous potential to generate evidence needed to advance public health nutrition policy. This commentary highlights the importance of these advances toward progressing the field of dietary assessment and discusses the application of food purchasing data, data analytics, alternative dietary quality metrics, and -omics technology in population and clinical medicine.
MeSH term(s)	Diet ; Food ; Humans ; Nutrigenomics ; Nutritional Status ; Precision Medicine/methods
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-01-28
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2583634-1
ISSN	2156-5376 ; 2156-5376
ISSN (online)	2156-5376
ISSN	2156-5376
DOI	10.1093/advances/nmac007
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Article ; Online: Ultra-processed Foods and Cardiovascular Diseases: Potential Mechanisms of Action.

Juul, Filippa / Vaidean, Georgeta / Parekh, Niyati

Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.)

2021 Volume 12, Issue 5, Page(s) 1673–1680

Abstract: Ultra-processed foods are industrially manufactured ready-to-eat or ready-to-heat formulations containing food additives and little or no whole foods, in contrast to processed foods, which are whole foods preserved by traditional techniques such as ... ...

Abstract	Ultra-processed foods are industrially manufactured ready-to-eat or ready-to-heat formulations containing food additives and little or no whole foods, in contrast to processed foods, which are whole foods preserved by traditional techniques such as canning or pickling. Recent epidemiological studies suggest that higher consumption of ultra-processed food is associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, epidemiological evidence needs to be corroborated with criteria of biological plausibility. This review summarizes the current evidence on the putative biological mechanisms underlying the associations between ultra-processed foods and CVD. Research ranging from laboratory-based to prospective epidemiological studies and experimental evidence suggest that ultra-processed foods may affect cardiometabolic health through a myriad of mechanisms, beyond the traditionally recognized individual nutrients. Processing induces significant changes to the food matrix, for which ultra-processed foods may affect health outcomes differently than unrefined whole foods with similar nutritional composition. Notably, the highly degraded physical structure of ultra-processed foods may affect cardiometabolic health by influencing absorption kinetics, satiety, glycemic response, and the gut microbiota composition and function. Food additives and neo-formed contaminants produced during processing may also play a role in CVD risk. Key biological pathways include altered serum lipid concentrations, modified gut microbiota and host-microbiota interactions, obesity, inflammation, oxidative stress, dysglycemia, insulin resistance, and hypertension. Further research is warranted to clarify the proportional harm associated with the nutritional composition, food additives, physical structure, and other attributes of ultra-processed foods. Understanding how ultra-processing changes whole foods and through which pathways these foods affect health is a prerequisite for eliminating harmful processing techniques and ingredients.
MeSH term(s)	Cardiovascular Diseases/etiology ; Diet ; Fast Foods/adverse effects ; Food Handling ; Humans ; Prospective Studies
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-05-03
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2583634-1
ISSN	2156-5376 ; 2156-5376
ISSN (online)	2156-5376
ISSN	2156-5376
DOI	10.1093/advances/nmab049
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Article ; Online: Concordance between Dash Diet and Hypertension: Results from the Mediators of Atherosclerosis in South Asians Living in America (MASALA) Study.

Hussain, Bridget Murphy / Deierlein, Andrea L / Kanaya, Alka M / Talegawkar, Sameera A / O'Connor, Joyce A / Gadgil, Meghana D / Lin, Yong / Parekh, Niyati

Nutrients

2023 Volume 15, Issue 16

Abstract: High blood pressure is an important predictor of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD), particularly among South Asians, who are at higher risk for ASCVD when compared to other population groups. The Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) ...

Abstract	High blood pressure is an important predictor of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD), particularly among South Asians, who are at higher risk for ASCVD when compared to other population groups. The Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) dietary pattern is established as the best proven nonpharmacological approach to preventing hypertension in adults. Using data from the Mediators of Atherosclerosis in South Asians Living in America (MASALA) cohort, we calculated a DASH dietary score to examine the association between adherence to the DASH diet and its components, and prevalent and incident hypertension and systolic and diastolic blood pressure, after five years of follow-up. We found that the relative risk ratio (RRR) of incident hypertension was 67% lower among participants in the highest DASH diet score category (aRRR: 0.33; 95% CI: 0.13, 0.82; p
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Humans ; Atherosclerosis/prevention & control ; Dietary Approaches To Stop Hypertension ; Hypertension/epidemiology ; Prospective Studies ; South Asian People ; United States/epidemiology
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-08-17
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2518386-2
ISSN	2072-6643 ; 2072-6643
ISSN (online)	2072-6643
ISSN	2072-6643
DOI	10.3390/nu15163611
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Article ; Online: Changing the landscape of South Asian migrant health research by advancing second-generation immigrant health needs.

Ali, Shahmir H / DiClemente, Ralph J / Parekh, Niyati

Translational behavioral medicine

2020 Volume 11, Issue 6, Page(s) 1295–1297

Abstract: South Asian immigrants confront a growing non-communicable disease burden, a significant issue in countries such as the USA. While efforts have slowly begun to address South Asian migrant health, second-generation communities remain underserved and ... ...

Abstract	South Asian immigrants confront a growing non-communicable disease burden, a significant issue in countries such as the USA. While efforts have slowly begun to address South Asian migrant health, second-generation communities remain underserved and understudied despite facing many of the same non-communicable disease concerns. The aim of this commentary is to highlight unique health disparities contributing to the current South Asian migrant health status and identify pathways for further formative research needed to inform subsequent development, implementation, and evaluation of health interventions targeting this community. Extant peer-reviewed literature addressing second-generation South Asian health issues was used to identify key research pathways needed to address existing gaps. Specifically, we call for (a) enhancing targeted surveillance and recruitment in research and (b) collecting data to help characterize behavioral and cultural patterns that may contribute to disease onset and progression. Expanding research on second-generation South Asian migrant health may help to develop tailored and targeted interventions.
MeSH term(s)	Emigrants and Immigrants ; Health Status ; Humans ; Noncommunicable Diseases ; Transients and Migrants
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-09-25
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2586893-7
ISSN	1613-9860 ; 1869-6716
ISSN (online)	1613-9860
ISSN	1869-6716
DOI	10.1093/tbm/ibaa084
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Article: A Multi-Stage Dyadic Qualitative Analysis to Disentangle How Dietary Behaviors of Asian American Young Adults are Influenced by Family.

Ali, Shahmir H / Cai, Julia / Kamal, Fatema / Auer, Sian / Yang, Katherine / Parikh, Roshan S / Parekh, Niyati / Islam, Nadia S / Merdjanoff, Alexis A / DiClemente, Ralph J

Behavioral medicine (Washington, D.C.)

2024 , Page(s) 1–13

Abstract: The dietary behaviors of Asian American (AA) young adults, who face a growing non-communicable disease burden, are impacted by complex socio-ecological forces. Family plays a crucial role in the lifestyle behaviors of AA young adults; however, little is ... ...

Abstract	The dietary behaviors of Asian American (AA) young adults, who face a growing non-communicable disease burden, are impacted by complex socio-ecological forces. Family plays a crucial role in the lifestyle behaviors of AA young adults; however, little is known on the methods, contributors, and impact of familial dietary influence. This study aims to deconstruct the mechanisms of AA young adult familial dietary influence through a multi-perspective qualitative assessment. A five-phase method of dyadic analysis adapted from past research was employed to extract nuanced insights from dyadic interviews with AA young adults and family members, and ground findings in behavioral theory (the Social Cognitive Theory, SCT). 37 interviews were conducted: 18 young adults, comprising 10 different AA ethnic subgroups, and 19 family members (10 parents, 9 siblings). Participants described dietary influences that were both active (facilitating, shaping, and restricting) and passive (e.g., sharing foods or environment, mirroring food behaviors). Influences connected strongly with multiple SCT constructs (e.g., behavioral capacity, reinforcements for active influences, and expectations, observational learning for passive influences). Familial influence contributed to changes in the total amount, variety, and healthfulness of foods consumed. Intra-family dynamics were crucial; family members often leveraged each other's persuasiveness or food skills to collaboratively influence diet. AA family-based interventions should consider incorporating both passive and active forms of dietary influence within a family unit, involve multiple family members, and allow for individualization to the unique dynamics and dietary behaviors within each family unit.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-09
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	623101-9
ISSN	0896-4289
ISSN	0896-4289
DOI	10.1080/08964289.2023.2298766
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Article ; Online: Development of a Food List to Assess the Diet of South Asians Living in the U.S.: Preliminary Results From a Formative Study.

Hussain, Bridget Murphy / Harris, Samantha / Talegawkar, Sameera A / Shivakoti, Rupak / Mohsin, Farhan M / Weiss, Rick / Parekh, Niyati

AJPM focus

2023 Volume 2, Issue 2, Page(s) 100073

Abstract: Introduction: South Asians are an underrepresented population subgroup in the U.S., yet they have higher rates of chronic diseases. There is currently no tool that assesses the nutrition intake of South Asians in the U.S., despite their unique dietary ... ...

Abstract	Introduction: South Asians are an underrepresented population subgroup in the U.S., yet they have higher rates of chronic diseases. There is currently no tool that assesses the nutrition intake of South Asians in the U.S., despite their unique dietary profile that may be associated with disease outcomes. The objective of this preliminary study was to create a food list, inclusive of herbs and spices, that will be used in the development of the web-based South Asian Food Intake System for dietary assessment of South Asian adults living in the U.S. Methods: Authors used a Qualtrics survey to collect sociodemographic information ( Results: A food list of 484 individual food items was generated. These items were sorted into 12 main food categories and condensed into 302 line items. Most respondents (68%) reported consuming South Asian meals regularly and utilizing herbs/spices during food preparation (83%). Conclusions: This pilot study describes the data collection to develop a food list for the South Asian Food Intake System, which can be utilized by educators, clinicians, and researchers to more accurately collect information about dietary intake among South Asian Americans.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-02-02
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2773-0654
ISSN (online)	2773-0654
DOI	10.1016/j.focus.2023.100073
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