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Article ; Online: Assessing the double burden of malnutrition among Bangladeshi reproductive‐aged women

Jahidur Rahman Khan / Jahida Gulshan

Health Science Reports, Vol 4, Iss 4, Pp n/a-n/a (2021)

A comparison between unconditional and conditional quantile regression

2021

Abstract: Abstract Background and Aims The coexistence of undernutrition and overnutrition creates a double burden of malnutrition (DBM) among women in Bangladesh. This study aimed to assess heterogeneous effects of sociodemographic factors on women's nutritional ... ...

Abstract	Abstract Background and Aims The coexistence of undernutrition and overnutrition creates a double burden of malnutrition (DBM) among women in Bangladesh. This study aimed to assess heterogeneous effects of sociodemographic factors on women's nutritional status using quantile regression (QR) models and to investigate the differences between the results of unconditional QR (UQR) and conditional QR (CQR) models. Methods A sample of 17 285 nonpregnant women aged 15 to 49 years was extracted from the latest Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey, 2017‐2018. Women's nutritional status was determined using body mass index (BMI). The UQR and CQR were used to estimate the heterogeneous effects of sociodemographic factors on women's BMI. Results Results show that the estimated effects of sociodemographic factors varied across the BMI distribution. For the same quantile, the effects differed between UQR and CQR. For instance, education was significantly positively associated with BMI. In UQR, secondary educated women achieved an increase of 0.996 and 1.720 in BMI at 10th and 90th quantiles, respectively, compared to noneducated women, whereas conditional effects were 1.336 and 1.492 at 10th and 90th quantiles, respectively, in CQR. These results also indicate secondary education appeared to have a lesser (or higher) impact in the lower (or upper) tail of BMI distribution, and unconditional and conditional effects for the same quantile varied notably. Other factors such as women's age, occupation, household wealth, number of children ever born and household size, religion, and place of residence were significantly associated with BMI and showed heterogeneous effects. Conclusion Overall, there is a need to focus on heterogeneous effects of factors on women's nutritional status. Patterns of unconditional heterogeneous effects would be more informative than conditional heterogeneous effects while studying factors' effects. These findings may aid in developing strategies targeting high‐risk groups to combat the double burden ...
Keywords	Bangladesh ; double burden ; malnutrition ; quantile regression ; reproductive age ; Medicine ; R
Subject code	331
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-12-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Wiley
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Unveiling the link between rainfall, temperature, and childhood undernutrition in Bangladesh using spatial analysis

Jahidur Rahman Khan / K Shuvo Bakar / Mohammad Sorowar Hossain

Environmental Research: Health, Vol 1, Iss 3, p

2023 Volume 035005

Abstract: Child undernutrition is still a major public health concern in Bangladesh in spite of significant decline in the last few years. Climate change may impact the prevalence of undernutrition and its geographical variability through food security and ... ...

Abstract	Child undernutrition is still a major public health concern in Bangladesh in spite of significant decline in the last few years. Climate change may impact the prevalence of undernutrition and its geographical variability through food security and recurring outbreaks of disease, as well as impede efforts to reduce the undernutrition burden. This study aims to evaluate rainfall and temperature associated with childhood malnutrition in Bangladesh. A spatial mixed effect logistic regression model was used to estimate the association between undernutrition (measured by the composite index of anthropometric failure) and residential area-level rainfall and temperatures, controlling for covariates and spatial effects of residential locations using national data from the 2017 to 2018 Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey. Our findings indicate that an increase in rainfall was associated with increased odds of undernutrition [adjusted odds ratio (AOR) 1.15, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.07–1.24], whereas an increase in temperature was associated with decreased odds of undernutrition (AOR 0.86, 95% CI 0.80–0.93). We also found statistically significant structured and unstructured spatial variations in undernutrition, indicating locational effects. Investing in infrastructure and education could be potential strategies for mitigating the negative effects of climate change. High-risk regions in terms of climatic change and malnutrition could be given priority for intervention implementation.
Keywords	rainfall ; temperature ; childhood undernutrition ; spatial mixed model ; Environmental sciences ; GE1-350 ; Public aspects of medicine ; RA1-1270
Subject code	333
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	IOP Publishing
Document type	Article ; Online
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Article ; Online: Assessing the double burden of malnutrition among Bangladeshi reproductive-aged women: A comparison between unconditional and conditional quantile regression.

Khan, Jahidur Rahman / Gulshan, Jahida

Health science reports

2021 Volume 4, Issue 4, Page(s) e391

Abstract: Background and aims: The coexistence of undernutrition and overnutrition creates a double burden of malnutrition (DBM) among women in Bangladesh. This study aimed to assess heterogeneous effects of sociodemographic factors on women's nutritional status ... ...

Abstract	Background and aims: The coexistence of undernutrition and overnutrition creates a double burden of malnutrition (DBM) among women in Bangladesh. This study aimed to assess heterogeneous effects of sociodemographic factors on women's nutritional status using quantile regression (QR) models and to investigate the differences between the results of unconditional QR (UQR) and conditional QR (CQR) models. Methods: A sample of 17 285 nonpregnant women aged 15 to 49 years was extracted from the latest Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey, 2017-2018. Women's nutritional status was determined using body mass index (BMI). The UQR and CQR were used to estimate the heterogeneous effects of sociodemographic factors on women's BMI. Results: Results show that the estimated effects of sociodemographic factors varied across the BMI distribution. For the same quantile, the effects differed between UQR and CQR. For instance, education was significantly positively associated with BMI. In UQR, secondary educated women achieved an increase of 0.996 and 1.720 in BMI at 10th and 90th quantiles, respectively, compared to noneducated women, whereas conditional effects were 1.336 and 1.492 at 10th and 90th quantiles, respectively, in CQR. These results also indicate secondary education appeared to have a lesser (or higher) impact in the lower (or upper) tail of BMI distribution, and unconditional and conditional effects for the same quantile varied notably. Other factors such as women's age, occupation, household wealth, number of children ever born and household size, religion, and place of residence were significantly associated with BMI and showed heterogeneous effects. Conclusion: Overall, there is a need to focus on heterogeneous effects of factors on women's nutritional status. Patterns of unconditional heterogeneous effects would be more informative than conditional heterogeneous effects while studying factors' effects. These findings may aid in developing strategies targeting high-risk groups to combat the double burden of malnutrition.
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-10-01
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2398-8835
ISSN (online)	2398-8835
DOI	10.1002/hsr2.391
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Article: Weighted Bayesian Poisson Regression for The Number of Children Ever Born per Woman in Bangladesh.

Tomal, Jabed H / Khan, Jahidur Rahman / Wahed, Abdus S

Journal of statistical theory and applications : JSTA

2022 Volume 21, Issue 3, Page(s) 79–105

Abstract: Number of children ever born to women of reproductive age forms a core component of fertility and is vital to the population dynamics in any country. Using Bangladesh Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey 2019 data, we fitted a novel weighted Bayesian ... ...

Abstract	Number of children ever born to women of reproductive age forms a core component of fertility and is vital to the population dynamics in any country. Using Bangladesh Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey 2019 data, we fitted a novel weighted Bayesian Poisson regression model to identify multi-level individual, household, regional and societal factors of the number of children ever born among married women of reproductive age in Bangladesh. We explored the robustness of our results using multiple prior distributions, and presented the Metropolis algorithm for posterior realizations. The method is compared with regular Bayesian Poisson regression model using a Weighted Bayesian Information Criterion. Factors identified emphasize the need to revisit and strengthen the existing fertility-reduction programs and policies in Bangladesh. Supplementary information: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s44199-022-00044-2.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-06-14
Publishing country	France
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2798845-4
ISSN	1538-7887
ISSN	1538-7887
DOI	10.1007/s44199-022-00044-2
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Article ; Online: Spatial risk distribution and determinants of

Khan, Jahidur Rahman / Bakar, K Shuvo

International journal of environmental health research

2019 Volume 30, Issue 3, Page(s) 268–283

Abstract: The Escherichia coli ( ...

Abstract	The Escherichia coli (
MeSH term(s)	Bangladesh ; Bayes Theorem ; Drinking Water/microbiology ; Environmental Monitoring ; Escherichia coli/isolation & purification ; Risk Assessment ; Spatial Analysis
Chemical Substances	Drinking Water
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-03-29
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1104887-6
ISSN	1369-1619 ; 0960-3123
ISSN (online)	1369-1619
ISSN	0960-3123
DOI	10.1080/09603123.2019.1593328
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Article ; Online: Influence of parental education on child mortality in Bangladesh: repeated cross-sectional surveys.

Khan, Jahidur Rahman / Biswas, Raaj Kishore

Biodemography and social biology

2020 Volume 65, Issue 3, Page(s) 214–226

Abstract: Reducing the mortality of children under-5 (U5) is an essential part of the Sustainable Development Goal (SDG). Although Bangladesh has made progress in reducing child mortality, there remain inequalities among different sociodemographic groups. ... ...

Abstract	Reducing the mortality of children under-5 (U5) is an essential part of the Sustainable Development Goal (SDG). Although Bangladesh has made progress in reducing child mortality, there remain inequalities among different sociodemographic groups. Education is one particular key factor with a multidimensional impact on child health and survival. This study assessed the association between parental education and U5 mortality using repeated cross-sectional Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey data. The risk of child death was substantially low among educated parents. Children of secondary or higher educated mother and father were about 30% (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.697, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.596 to 0.815,
MeSH term(s)	Adolescent ; Adult ; Bangladesh ; Child ; Child Mortality/trends ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Educational Status ; Female ; Humans ; Logistic Models ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Parents/education ; Parents/psychology ; Proportional Hazards Models
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-07-29
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2482287-5
ISSN	1948-5573 ; 0037-766X ; 1948-5565
ISSN (online)	1948-5573
ISSN	0037-766X ; 1948-5565
DOI	10.1080/19485565.2020.1734910
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Article ; Online: Association between Household Livestock Ownership and Childhood Stunting in Bangladesh - A Spatial Analysis.

Hossain, Md Belal / Khan, Jahidur Rahman

Journal of tropical pediatrics

2020 Volume 66, Issue 3, Page(s) 248–256

Abstract: Livestock is an integrated part of agriculture, yet the relationship between household livestock ownership and child nutrition is a significant knowledge gap. The present study aimed to assess the association between household livestock ownership and ... ...

Abstract	Livestock is an integrated part of agriculture, yet the relationship between household livestock ownership and child nutrition is a significant knowledge gap. The present study aimed to assess the association between household livestock ownership and childhood stunting and to explore the geospatial variations at district level in Bangladesh. A complete data of 19 295 children aged below 5 years were extracted from the latest Bangladesh Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey 2012-13. The tropical livestock unit (TLU) score calculated as a weighted value for each livestock and categorized as low, medium, and high using tertile. A hierarchical Bayesian spatial logistic model was used to assess the association between TLU and childhood stunting. Children from the household with high TLU were 10% less likely to be stunted (adjusted posterior odds ratio: 0.90, 95% credible interval: 0.84-0.97) after controlling for demographic, socioeconomic, morbidity, place of residence and spatial effects. There was also a substantial spatial variation in childhood stunting across districts in Bangladesh with the highest burden in the Northern and North-Eastern regions. The positive effect of household livestock ownership on reducing child stunting suggests that, in addition to nutritional intervention in Bangladesh, efforts to strengthen livestock production would be beneficial for improving child nutrition status. However, a small effect size may be owing to the lack of dietary diversity, livestock health and productivity data as well as the complexity of the relationship, requiring further study. Furthermore, a significant regional disparity in stunting highlighted the importance of spatial targeting during the design of interventions and implementation.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Bangladesh/epidemiology ; Bayes Theorem ; Child, Preschool ; Family Characteristics ; Female ; Growth Disorders/epidemiology ; Growth Disorders/etiology ; Humans ; Infant ; Livestock ; Logistic Models ; Male ; Nutritional Status ; Ownership ; Public Health Surveillance ; Risk Factors ; Rural Population ; Socioeconomic Factors ; Spatial Analysis
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-05-25
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	800065-7
ISSN	1465-3664 ; 0449-3281 ; 0142-6338
ISSN (online)	1465-3664
ISSN	0449-3281 ; 0142-6338
DOI	10.1093/tropej/fmz061
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Article ; Online: Excess mortality during the COVID-19 pandemic (2020-2021) in an urban community of Bangladesh.

Hossain, Mohammad Sorowar / Khan, Jahidur Rahman / Al Mamun, S M Abdullah / Islam, Mohammad Tariqul / Raheem, Enayetur

PLOS global public health

2023 Volume 3, Issue 7, Page(s) e0002176

Abstract: Measuring COVID-19-related mortality is vital for making public health policy decisions. The magnitude of COVID-19-related mortality is largely unknown in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), including Bangladesh, due to inadequate COVID-19 testing ... ...

Abstract	Measuring COVID-19-related mortality is vital for making public health policy decisions. The magnitude of COVID-19-related mortality is largely unknown in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), including Bangladesh, due to inadequate COVID-19 testing capacity and a lack of robust civil registration and vital statistics systems. Even with the lack of data, cemetery-based death records in LMICs may provide insightful information on potential COVID-19-related mortality rates; nevertheless, there is a dearth of research employing cemetery-based death records. This study aimed to assess the excess mortality during the COVID-19 pandemic in an urban setting in Bangladesh using a cemetery-based death registration dataset. A total of 6,271 deaths recorded between January 2015 and December 2021 were analysed using a Bayesian structural time series model. Exploratory analysis found that the average monthly number of deaths was 69 during the pre-COVID-19 period (January 2015-February 2020), but significantly increased to 92 during the COVID-19 period (March 2020-December 2021). The increase in male deaths was twice as large as the increase in female deaths. Model-based results were not statistically significant (relative effect 17%, 95% credible interval: -18%, 57%), but there was an overall increasing trend during the COVID-19 period, and specific months or shorter periods had a substantial increase. This first-of-its-kind study in Bangladesh has assessed the excess mortality in an urban community during the COVID-19 pandemic. Cemetery-based death registration appears to aid in tracking population mortality, especially in resource-limited countries where collecting data on the ground is challenging during crisis periods; however, additional large-scale research is required.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-07-14
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2767-3375
ISSN (online)	2767-3375
DOI	10.1371/journal.pgph.0002176
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Article ; Online: Quantification of Urbanization Using Night-Time Light Intensity in Relation to Women's Overnutrition in Bangladesh.

Khan, Jahidur Rahman / Islam, Md Mazharul / Faisal, Abu Saleh Mosa / Islam, Humayera / Bakar, K Shuvo

Journal of urban health : bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine

2023 Volume 100, Issue 3, Page(s) 562–571

Abstract: Urbanization is accelerating in developing countries, which are simultaneously experiencing a rise in the prevalence of overnutrition (i.e., overweight and obesity), specifically among women. Since urbanization is a dynamic process, a continuous measure ... ...

Abstract	Urbanization is accelerating in developing countries, which are simultaneously experiencing a rise in the prevalence of overnutrition (i.e., overweight and obesity), specifically among women. Since urbanization is a dynamic process, a continuous measure may better represent it when examining its association with overnutrition. However, most previous research has used a rural-urban dichotomy-based urbanization measure. This study utilized satellite-based night-time light intensity (NTLI) data to measure urbanization and evaluate its association with body weight in reproductive-aged (15-49) women in Bangladesh. Multilevel models estimated the association between residential area NTLI and women's body mass index (BMI) or overnutrition status using data from the latest Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey (BDHS 2017-18). Higher area-level NTLI was associated with a higher BMI and increased odds of being overweight and obese in women. Living in areas with moderate NTL intensities was not linked with women's BMI measures, whereas living in areas with high NTL intensities was associated with a higher BMI or higher odds of being overweight and obese. The predictive nature of NTLI suggests that it could be used to study the relationship between urbanization and overnutrition prevalence in Bangladesh, though more longitudinal research is needed. This research emphasizes the necessity for preventive efforts to offset the expected public health implications of urbanization.
MeSH term(s)	Female ; Humans ; Adult ; Overweight/epidemiology ; Urbanization ; Bangladesh/epidemiology ; Socioeconomic Factors ; Obesity/epidemiology ; Overnutrition/epidemiology ; Body Mass Index ; Prevalence
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-05-08
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1435288-6
ISSN	1468-2869 ; 1099-3460
ISSN (online)	1468-2869
ISSN	1099-3460
DOI	10.1007/s11524-023-00728-9
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Article ; Online: Pregnancy, spousal connectedness, and young married women's mental health: an analysis of the Bangladesh adolescent health and wellbeing survey.

Khan, Jahidur Rahman / Muurlink, Olav / Hu, Nan / Awan, Nabil / Lingam, Raghu

Archives of women's mental health

2023 Volume 26, Issue 2, Page(s) 235–244

Abstract: Mental health disorders are responsible for 125.3 million disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) lost globally, with depression in adolescents rising faster than in adults. In total, more than 90% of the 1.2 billion adolescents in the world live in low- ... ...

Abstract	Mental health disorders are responsible for 125.3 million disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) lost globally, with depression in adolescents rising faster than in adults. In total, more than 90% of the 1.2 billion adolescents in the world live in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Despite the rise in teenage marriage and pregnancy in LMICs, there is a paucity of research on the role of pregnancy as a risk factor for adolescent mental health, and the role of spousal connectedness as a potential protective factor. This study aims to address this gap. A total of 2408 currently married adolescent (aged 15-19 years) women from the Bangladesh Adolescent Health and Wellbeing Survey 2019-2020 were analysed. Multivariable models were used to assess the factors associated with depression symptoms and major depressive disorder (MDD). The prevalence of moderate/severe depressive symptoms or MDD among adolescents was 14.6%, well ahead of south Asian levels. The odds of having moderate/severe depressive symptoms (adjusted odds ratio [AOR]=1.94, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.37-2.76) or MDD (AOR=1.63, 95%CI 1.18-2.25) were higher in pregnant adolescent women than in non-pregnant adolescent women. A closer relationship with one's husband reduced the risk of developing moderate/severe depressive symptoms (AOR=0.90, 95% CI 0.84-0.96) or MDD (AOR=0.91, 95% CI 0.86-0.97). Pregnancy and connectedness had no statistically significant interaction effect on depression. There is an urgent need for affordable and scalable interventions to reduce the risk of mental health morbidity in pregnant adolescent women especially in low- and middle-income countries.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Pregnancy ; Female ; Humans ; Adolescent ; Depressive Disorder, Major/epidemiology ; Marriage ; Mental Health ; Bangladesh/epidemiology ; Adolescent Health
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-03-17
Publishing country	Austria
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	1463529-X
ISSN	1435-1102 ; 1434-1816
ISSN (online)	1435-1102
ISSN	1434-1816
DOI	10.1007/s00737-023-01302-7
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