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Article ; Online: Effect of vitamin D supplementation on blood pressure in blacks.

Forman, John P / Scott, Jamil B / Ng, Kimmie / Drake, Bettina F / Suarez, Elizabeth Gonzalez / Hayden, Douglas L / Bennett, Gary G / Chandler, Paulette D / Hollis, Bruce W / Emmons, Karen M / Giovannucci, Edward L / Fuchs, Charles S / Chan, Andrew T

Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979)

2013 Volume 61, Issue 4, Page(s) 779–785

Abstract: ... of 25-hydroxyvitamin D. There are few data about the effect of vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol ... pressure and 25-hydroxyvitamin D were measured. The 3-month follow-up was completed in 250 (88 ... for those receiving placebo, -0.66 mm Hg for 1000 U/d, -3.4 mm Hg for 2000 U/d, and -4.0 mm Hg for 4000 U/d ...

Abstract	Blacks have significantly higher rates of hypertension than whites, and lower circulating levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D. There are few data about the effect of vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol) supplementation on blood pressure in blacks. During 2 winters from 2008 to 2010, 283 blacks (median age, 51 years) were randomized into a 4-arm, double-blind trial for 3 months of placebo, 1000, 2000, or 4000 international units of cholecalciferol per day. At baseline, 3 months, and 6 months, systolic and diastolic pressure and 25-hydroxyvitamin D were measured. The 3-month follow-up was completed in 250 (88%) participants. The difference in systolic pressure between baseline and 3 months was +1.7 mm Hg for those receiving placebo, -0.66 mm Hg for 1000 U/d, -3.4 mm Hg for 2000 U/d, and -4.0 mm Hg for 4000 U/d of cholecalciferol (-1.4 mm Hg for each additional 1000 U/d of cholecalciferol; P=0.04). For each 1-ng/mL increase in plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D, there was a significant 0.2-mm Hg reduction in systolic pressure (P=0.02). There was no effect of cholecalciferol supplementation on diastolic pressure (P=0.37). Within an unselected population of blacks, 3 months of oral vitamin D3 supplementation significantly, yet modestly, lowered systolic pressure. Future trials of vitamin D supplementation on blood pressure are needed to confirm these promising results, particularly among blacks, a population for whom vitamin D deficiency may play a more specific mechanistic role in the pathogenesis of hypertension.
MeSH term(s)	Administration, Oral ; African Americans ; Blood Pressure/drug effects ; Blood Pressure/physiology ; Cholecalciferol/administration & dosage ; Dietary Supplements ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Double-Blind Method ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Hypertension/drug therapy ; Hypertension/ethnology ; Massachusetts/epidemiology ; Prevalence ; Prospective Studies ; Treatment Outcome ; Vitamins/administration & dosage
Chemical Substances	Vitamins ; Cholecalciferol (1C6V77QF41)
Language	English
Publishing date	2013-03-13
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Comparative Study ; Journal Article ; Multicenter Study ; Randomized Controlled Trial ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
ZDB-ID	423736-5
ISSN	1524-4563 ; 0194-911X ; 0362-4323
ISSN (online)	1524-4563
ISSN	0194-911X ; 0362-4323
DOI	10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.111.00659
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Article ; Online: Elevated D-Dimer Levels are Associated with Increased Risk of Mortality in COVID-19: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Shah, Siddharth / Shah, Kuldeep / Patel, Siddharth B / Patel, Forman S / Osman, Mohammed / Velagapudi, Poonam / Turagam, Mohit K / Lakkireddy, Dhanunjaya / Garg, Jalaj

medRxiv

Abstract: ... fatality of 2 to 3% but it is as high as 50% in critically ill patients. D-dimer is an important prognostic ... In this systematic review, we aimed to investigate the prognostic role of D-dimer in COVID-19 infected patients ... Methods. We searched PubMed, Medline, Embase, Ovid, and Cochrane for studies reporting admission D-dimer ...

Abstract	Introduction. The 2019 novel Coronavirus (2019 nCoV), now declared a pandemic has an overall case fatality of 2 to 3% but it is as high as 50% in critically ill patients. D-dimer is an important prognostic tool, often elevated in patients with severe COVID-19 infection and in those who suffered death. In this systematic review, we aimed to investigate the prognostic role of D-dimer in COVID-19 infected patients. Methods. We searched PubMed, Medline, Embase, Ovid, and Cochrane for studies reporting admission D-dimer levels in COVID-19 patients and its effect on mortality. Results. 18 studies (16 retrospective and 2 prospective) with a total of 3,682 patients met the inclusion criteria. The pooled mean difference (MD) suggested significantly elevated D-dimer levels in patients who died versus those survived (MD 6.13 mg/L, 95% CI 4.16 to 8.11, p <0.001). Similarly, the pooled mean D-dimer levels were significantly elevated in patients with severe COVID-19 infection (MD 0.54 mg/L, 95% CI 0.28 to 0.8, p< 0.001). In addition, the risk of mortality was four-fold higher in patients with positive D-dimer vs negative D-dimer (RR 4.11, 95% CI 2.48 to 6.84, p< 0.001) and the risk of developing the severe disease was two-fold higher in patients with positive D-dimer levels vs negative D-dimer (RR 2.04, 95% CI 1.34 to 3.11, p < 0.001). Conclusion. Our meta-analysis demonstrates that patients with COVID-19 presenting with elevated D-dimer levels have an increased risk of severe disease and mortality.
Keywords	covid19
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-05-05
Publisher	Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press
Document type	Article ; Online
DOI	10.1101/2020.04.29.20085407
Database	COVID19

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Article ; Online: Risk of hypercalcemia in blacks taking hydrochlorothiazide and vitamin D.

Chandler, Paulette D / Scott, Jamil B / Drake, Bettina F / Ng, Kimmie / Forman, John P / Chan, Andrew T / Bennett, Gary G / Hollis, Bruce W / Giovannucci, Edward L / Emmons, Karen M / Fuchs, Charles S

The American journal of medicine

2014 Volume 127, Issue 8, Page(s) 772–778

Abstract: ... lower levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D. Thus, they are more likely to be exposed to vitamin D ... supplementation and thiazide diuretics. The risk for hypercalcemia among blacks using vitamin D and ... In a linear regression model adjusted for age, sex, 25-hydroxyvitamin D at 3 months, and other covariates, only ...

Abstract	Introduction: Hydrochlorothiazide, an effective antihypertensive medication commonly prescribed to blacks, decreases urinary calcium excretion. Blacks have significantly higher rates of hypertension and lower levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D. Thus, they are more likely to be exposed to vitamin D supplementation and thiazide diuretics. The risk for hypercalcemia among blacks using vitamin D and hydrochlorothiazide is undefined. Methods: We assessed the frequency of hypercalcemia in hydrochlorothiazide users in a post hoc analysis of a randomized, double-blind, dose-finding trial of 328 blacks (median age 51 years) assigned to either placebo, or 1000, 2000, or 4000 international units of cholecalciferol (vitamin D3) daily for 3 months during the winter (2007-2010). Results: Of the 328 participants, 84 reported hydrochlorothiazide use and had serum calcium levels assessed. Additionally, a comparison convenience group of 44 enrolled participants who were not taking hydrochlorothiazide had serum calcium measurements at 3 months, but not at baseline. At 3 months, hydrochlorothiazide participants had higher calcium levels (0.2 mg/dL, P <.001) than nonhydrochlorothiazide participants, but only one participant in the hydrochlorothiazide group had hypercalcemia. In contrast, none of the nonhydrochlorothiazide participants had hypercalcemia. In a linear regression model adjusted for age, sex, 25-hydroxyvitamin D at 3 months, and other covariates, only hydrochlorothiazide use (Estimate [SE]: 0.05 [0.01], P = .01) predicted serum calcium at 3 months. Conclusion: In summary, vitamin D3 supplementation up to 4000 IU in hydrochlorothiazide users is associated with an increase in serum calcium but a low frequency of hypercalcemia. These findings suggest that participants of this population can use hydrochlorothiazide with up to 4000 IU of vitamin D3 daily and experience a low frequency of hypercalcemia.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; African Continental Ancestry Group ; Aged ; Bone Density Conservation Agents/administration & dosage ; Bone Density Conservation Agents/adverse effects ; Bone Density Conservation Agents/pharmacokinetics ; Calcium/blood ; Diuretics/administration & dosage ; Diuretics/adverse effects ; Diuretics/pharmacokinetics ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Drug Therapy, Combination/adverse effects ; Female ; Humans ; Hydrochlorothiazide/administration & dosage ; Hydrochlorothiazide/adverse effects ; Hydrochlorothiazide/pharmacokinetics ; Hypercalcemia/chemically induced ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Vitamin D/administration & dosage ; Vitamin D/adverse effects ; Vitamin D/pharmacokinetics
Chemical Substances	Bone Density Conservation Agents ; Diuretics ; Hydrochlorothiazide (0J48LPH2TH) ; Vitamin D (1406-16-2) ; Calcium (SY7Q814VUP)
Language	English
Publishing date	2014-03-20
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Randomized Controlled Trial ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	80015-6
ISSN	1555-7162 ; 1873-2178 ; 0002-9343 ; 1548-2766
ISSN (online)	1555-7162 ; 1873-2178
ISSN	0002-9343 ; 1548-2766
DOI	10.1016/j.amjmed.2014.02.044
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Article ; Online: Fully automatic segmentation of left ventricular anatomy in 3-D LGE-MRI.

Kurzendorfer, Tanja / Forman, Christoph / Schmidt, Michaela / Tillmanns, Christoph / Maier, Andreas / Brost, Alexander

Computerized medical imaging and graphics : the official journal of the Computerized Medical Imaging Society

2017 Volume 59, Page(s) 13–27

Abstract: ... is the current gold standard to visualize regions of myocardial infarction. Commonly, a stack of 2-D ... images is acquired of the left ventricle in short-axis orientation. Recently, 3-D LGE-MRI methods were ... approach for fully automatic left ventricle segmentation in 3-D whole-heart LGE-MRI, to address ...

Abstract	The current challenge for electrophysiology procedures, targeting the left ventricle, is the localization and qualification of myocardial scar. Late gadolinium enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (LGE-MRI) is the current gold standard to visualize regions of myocardial infarction. Commonly, a stack of 2-D images is acquired of the left ventricle in short-axis orientation. Recently, 3-D LGE-MRI methods were proposed that continuously cover the whole heart with a high resolution within a single acquisition. The acquisition promises an accurate quantification of the myocardium to the extent of myocardial scarring. The major challenge arises in the analysis of the resulting images, as the accurate segmentation of the myocardium is a requirement for a precise scar tissue quantification. In this work, we propose a novel approach for fully automatic left ventricle segmentation in 3-D whole-heart LGE-MRI, to address this limitation. First, a two-step registration is performed to initialize the left ventricle. In the next step, the principal components are computed and a pseudo short axis view of the left ventricle is estimated. The refinement of the endocardium and epicardium is performed in polar space. Prior knowledge for shape and inter-slice smoothness is used during segmentation. The proposed method was evaluated on 30 clinical 3-D LGE-MRI datasets from individual patients obtained at two different clinical sites and were compared to gold standard segmentations of two clinical experts. This comparison resulted in a Dice coefficient of 0.83 for the endocardium and 0.80 for the epicardium.
Language	English
Publishing date	2017-07
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	639451-6
ISSN	1879-0771 ; 0895-6111
ISSN (online)	1879-0771
ISSN	0895-6111
DOI	10.1016/j.compmedimag.2017.05.001
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Zs.A 1323: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Effect of Vitamin D on Endothelial Function: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial.

Borgi, Lea / McMullan, Ciaran / Wohlhueter, Ann / Curhan, Gary C / Fisher, Naomi D / Forman, John P

American journal of hypertension

2016 Volume 30, Issue 2, Page(s) 124–129

Abstract: Background: In nonhypertensive individuals, lower levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) have ... been associated with an increased risk of hypertension, and vitamin D deficiency has been associated ... with endothelial dysfunction in such individuals. However, the effect of vitamin D supplementation on endothelial ...

Abstract	Background: In nonhypertensive individuals, lower levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) have been associated with an increased risk of hypertension, and vitamin D deficiency has been associated with endothelial dysfunction in such individuals. However, the effect of vitamin D supplementation on endothelial dysfunction in nonhypertensive individuals has not been examined in a rigorous fashion. Methods: In this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of nonhypertensive, nondiabetic overweight, or obese individuals with vitamin D deficiency (body mass index ≥25 and 25[OH]D ≤ 20 ng/ml), we assigned subjects to receive either ergocalciferol (50,000 units) or matching placebo, once a week for 8 weeks. Our primary outcome was endothelial-dependent vasodilation (EDV) measured by brachial artery ultrasound at baseline and 8 weeks postrandomization. Results: By the end of the trial, 46 and 47 participants were allocated to receive ergocalciferol and placebo, respectively. Mean 25(OH)D levels increased from 14.9 to 30.3 in the vitamin D group and 14.4 to 17.4 in the placebo. EDV did not change significantly with either vitamin D repletion (from 6.3 ± 3.6% at baseline to 6.1 ± 4.6% at 8 weeks; P value = 0.78) or placebo (7.9 ± 4.7% to 6.8 ± 4.7%; P = 0.17). The treatment effect P value (comparing the 8-week change with ergocalciferol to the change with placebo) was 0.35. Conclusions: In this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, there was no improvement in endothelial function (measured as EDV) after repletion of vitamin D in overweight/obese nonhypertensive individuals.
MeSH term(s)	Administration, Oral ; Adult ; Brachial Artery/diagnostic imaging ; Brachial Artery/drug effects ; Brachial Artery/physiopathology ; Dietary Supplements ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Double-Blind Method ; Drug Administration Schedule ; Endothelium, Vascular/drug effects ; Endothelium, Vascular/physiopathology ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Radioimmunoassay ; Time Factors ; Treatment Outcome ; Ultrasonography ; Vasodilation/drug effects ; Vasodilation/physiology ; Vitamin D/administration & dosage ; Vitamin D/analogs & derivatives ; Vitamin D/blood ; Vitamin D Deficiency/blood ; Vitamin D Deficiency/drug therapy ; Vitamin D Deficiency/physiopathology ; Vitamins/administration & dosage
Chemical Substances	Vitamins ; Vitamin D (1406-16-2) ; 25-hydroxyvitamin D (A288AR3C9H)
Language	English
Publishing date	2016-11-15
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Randomized Controlled Trial
ZDB-ID	639383-4
ISSN	1941-7225 ; 1879-1905 ; 0895-7061
ISSN (online)	1941-7225 ; 1879-1905
ISSN	0895-7061
DOI	10.1093/ajh/hpw135
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Zs.A 2329: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Effect of daily 2000 IU versus 800 IU vitamin D on blood pressure among adults age 60 years and older: a randomized clinical trial.

Abderhalden, Lauren A / Meyer, Sandra / Dawson-Hughes, Bess / Orav, E John / Meyer, Ursina / de Godoi Rezende Costa Molino, Caroline / Theiler, Robert / Stähelin, Hannes B / Ruschitzka, Frank / Egli, Andreas / Forman, John P / Willett, Walter C / Bischoff-Ferrari, Heike A

The American journal of clinical nutrition

2020 Volume 112, Issue 3, Page(s) 527–537

Abstract: ... 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration. Whether dosage of vitamin D supplementation has a differential ... effect on BP control remains unclear.: Objective: The study aimed to determine if daily vitamin D ... This randomized, double-blind, ancillary trial of the Zurich Multiple Endpoint Vitamin D Trial ...

Abstract	Background: Observational studies report higher blood pressure (BP) among individuals with lower 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration. Whether dosage of vitamin D supplementation has a differential effect on BP control remains unclear. Objective: The study aimed to determine if daily vitamin D supplementation with 2000 IU is more effective than 800 IU for BP control among older adults. Methods: This randomized, double-blind, ancillary trial of the Zurich Multiple Endpoint Vitamin D Trial in Knee Osteoarthritis enrolled adults aged ≥60 y who underwent elective surgery due to severe knee osteoarthritis. Participants were randomly assigned to receive high dose (2000 IU) or standard dose (800 IU) daily vitamin D3 for 24 mo. Outcomes included daytime and 24-h mean systolic BP. BP variability and serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration were examined in a post hoc and observational analysis. Results: Of the 273 participants randomly assigned, 250 participants completed a follow-up 24-h ambulatory BP monitoring (mean age: 70.4 ± 6.4 y; 47.2% men). The difference in daytime mean systolic BP reduction between the 2000 IU (n = 123) and 800 IU (n = 127) groups was not statistically significant (-2.75 mm Hg vs. -3.94 mm Hg; difference: 1.18 mm Hg; 95% CI: -0.68, 3.05; P = 0.21), consistent with 24-h mean systolic BP. However, systolic BP variability was significantly reduced with 2000 IU (average real variability: -0.37 mm Hg) compared to 800 IU vitamin D3 (0.11 mm Hg; difference: -0.48 mm Hg; 95% CI: -0.94, -0.01; P = 0.045). Independent of group allocation, maximal reductions in mean BP were observed at 28.7 ng/mL of achieved serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations. Conclusions: While daily 2000 IU and 800 IU vitamin D3 reduced mean systolic BP over 2 y to a small and similar extent, 2000 IU reduced mean systolic BP variability significantly more compared with 800 IU. However, without a placebo control group we cannot ascertain whether vitamin D supplementation effectively reduces BP.This trial was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as NCT00599807.
MeSH term(s)	Aged ; Blood Pressure/drug effects ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Double-Blind Method ; Female ; Humans ; Hypertension/drug therapy ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Vitamin D/administration & dosage ; Vitamin D/therapeutic use ; Vitamins/administration & dosage ; Vitamins/therapeutic use
Chemical Substances	Vitamins ; Vitamin D (1406-16-2)
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-06-12
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Observational Study ; Randomized Controlled Trial ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	280048-2
ISSN	1938-3207 ; 0002-9165
ISSN (online)	1938-3207
ISSN	0002-9165
DOI	10.1093/ajcn/nqaa145
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Ue I Zs.208: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Vitamin D levels do not affect IVF outcomes following the transfer of euploid blastocysts.

Franasiak, Jason M / Molinaro, Thomas A / Dubell, Erin K / Scott, Katherine L / Ruiz, Andrew R / Forman, Eric J / Werner, Marie D / Hong, Kathleen H / Scott, Richard T

American journal of obstetrics and gynecology

2015 Volume 212, Issue 3, Page(s) 315.e1–6

Abstract: Objective: We sought to characterize the relationship between serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D (25-OH D ... representing 517 women for evaluation. Vitamin D levels from serum samples obtained on the day of ovulation ... For the population as a whole, serum vitamin D ranges and pregnancy outcomes did not correlate. Furthermore ...

Abstract	Objective: We sought to characterize the relationship between serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D (25-OH D) levels and implantation and clinical pregnancy rates in women who undergo a euploid blastocyst embryo transfer. Study design: This retrospective cohort study, conducted in an academic setting, included 529 cycles in which comprehensive chromosome screening was performed as part of routine infertility care with an autologous transfer of 1 or 2 euploid blastocysts. After excluding repeat cycles there were 517 unique cycles representing 517 women for evaluation. Vitamin D levels from serum samples obtained on the day of ovulation trigger in the fresh in vitro fertilization cycle were analyzed. The primary outcome was ongoing pregnancy rate as defined by sonographic presence of fetal heart rate at >8 weeks' gestation. Results: For the population as a whole, serum vitamin D ranges and pregnancy outcomes did not correlate. Furthermore, pregnancy rates did not differ when comparing women in different strata of vitamin D levels (<20, 20-29.9, and ≥30 ng/mL). No meaningful breakpoint for vitamin D levels and ongoing pregnancy rate was identified using receiver operating characteristic analysis with the resultant line possessing an area under the curve of 0.502. Multivariate logistic regression controlling for age, transfer order, race, season, and body mass index did not yield a different result. The study was powered to detect an 18% difference in ongoing pregnancy rates between patients grouped by the 3 vitamin D ranges. Conclusion: In women undergoing euploid embryo transfer, vitamin D status was unrelated to pregnancy outcomes. Measuring serum 25-OH vitamin D levels does not predict the likelihood that euploid blastocysts will implant. These results may not apply to women who do not undergo extended embryo culture, blastocyst biopsy for comprehensive chromosome screening, and euploid embryo transfer.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Biomarkers/blood ; Blastocyst ; Cohort Studies ; Embryo Implantation ; Embryo Transfer/methods ; Female ; Fertilization in Vitro ; Humans ; Logistic Models ; Middle Aged ; Multivariate Analysis ; Patient Outcome Assessment ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Rate ; ROC Curve ; Retrospective Studies ; Vitamin D/analogs & derivatives ; Vitamin D/blood ; Vitamin D Deficiency/blood ; Vitamin D Deficiency/diagnosis
Chemical Substances	Biomarkers ; Vitamin D (1406-16-2) ; 25-hydroxyvitamin D (A288AR3C9H)
Language	English
Publishing date	2015-03
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Evaluation Studies ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	80016-8
ISSN	1097-6868 ; 0002-9378
ISSN (online)	1097-6868
ISSN	0002-9378
DOI	10.1016/j.ajog.2014.09.029
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Article ; Online: Synthesis of defined mono-de-N-acetylated β-(1→6)-N-acetyl-d-glucosamine oligosaccharides to characterize PgaB hydrolase activity.

Forman, Adam / Pfoh, Roland / Eddenden, Alexander / Howell, P Lynne / Nitz, Mark

Organic & biomolecular chemistry

2019 Volume 17, Issue 43, Page(s) 9456–9466

Abstract: ... 1→6)-N-acetyl-d-glucosamine (dPNAG) as an exopolysaccharide. In Gram-negative bacteria ...

Abstract	Many clinically-relevant biofilm-forming bacterial strains produce partially de-N-acetylated poly-β-(1→6)-N-acetyl-d-glucosamine (dPNAG) as an exopolysaccharide. In Gram-negative bacteria, the periplasmic protein PgaB is responsible for partial de-N-acetylation of PNAG prior to its export to the extracellular space. In addition to de-N-acetylase activity found in the N-terminal domain, PgaB contains a C-terminal hydrolase domain that can disrupt dPNAG-dependent biofilms and hydrolyzes dPNAG but not fully acetylated PNAG. The role of this C-terminal domain in biofilm formation has yet to be determined in vivo. Further characterization of the enzyme's hydrolase activity has been hampered by a lack of specific dPNAG oligosaccharides. Here, we report the synthesis of a defined mono de-N-acetylated dPNAG penta- and hepta-saccharide. Using mass spectrometry analysis and a fluorescence-based thin-layer chromatography (TLC) assay, we found that our defined dPNAG oligosaccharides are hydrolase substrates. In addition to the expected cleavage site, two residues to the reducing side of the de-N-acetylated residue, minor cleavage products on the non-reducing side of the de-N-acetylation site were observed. These findings provide quantitative data to support how PNAG is processed in Gram-negative bacteria.
MeSH term(s)	Acetylation ; Acetylglucosamine/chemical synthesis ; Acetylglucosamine/chemistry ; Acetylglucosamine/pharmacology ; Amidohydrolases/metabolism ; Biofilms/drug effects ; Escherichia coli Proteins/metabolism ; Hydrolysis ; Molecular Conformation ; Oligosaccharides/chemical synthesis ; Oligosaccharides/chemistry ; Oligosaccharides/pharmacology
Chemical Substances	Escherichia coli Proteins ; Oligosaccharides ; Amidohydrolases (EC 3.5.-) ; poly-beta-1,6-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine de-N-acetylase, E coli (EC 3.5.-) ; Acetylglucosamine (V956696549)
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-10-23
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2097583-1
ISSN	1477-0539 ; 1477-0520
ISSN (online)	1477-0539
ISSN	1477-0520
DOI	10.1039/c9ob02079a
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Article ; Online: Plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D and regulation of the renin-angiotensin system in humans.

Forman, John P / Williams, Jonathan S / Fisher, Naomi D L

Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979)

2010 Volume 55, Issue 5, Page(s) 1283–1288

Abstract: Vitamin D regulates the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) in experimental animals, but corresponding ... human data are limited. We examined the relation between plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D and elements ... with sufficient 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels (> or = 30.0 ng/mL), those with insufficiency (15.0 to 29.9 ng/mL) and ...

Abstract	Vitamin D regulates the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) in experimental animals, but corresponding human data are limited. We examined the relation between plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D and elements of the RAS in 184 normotensive individuals in high sodium balance; these included circulating levels of plasma renin activity and angiotensin II (Ang II) and the renal plasma flow response to infused Ang II, which is an indirect measure of the intrinsic RAS activity in the kidney. Compared with individuals with sufficient 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels (> or = 30.0 ng/mL), those with insufficiency (15.0 to 29.9 ng/mL) and deficiency (<15.0 ng/mL) had higher circulating Ang II levels (P for trend=0.03). Moreover, those with vitamin D deficiency had significantly blunted renal plasma flow responses to infused Ang II (mean decrease of 115 mL/min per 1.73 m(2) in renal plasma flow versus 145 mL/min per 1.73 m(2) among those with sufficient vitamin D levels; P for trend=0.009). Although plasma renin activity was higher among individuals with insufficient levels of vitamin D, the result was not statistically significant. These data suggest that low plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels may result in upregulation of the RAS in otherwise healthy humans.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; African Continental Ancestry Group ; Angiotensin II/blood ; Angiotensin II/drug effects ; Angiotensin II/pharmacology ; European Continental Ancestry Group ; Female ; Homeostasis ; Humans ; Infusions, Intravenous ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Patient Selection ; Reference Values ; Renal Circulation/drug effects ; Renin-Angiotensin System/drug effects ; Renin-Angiotensin System/physiology ; Sodium/blood ; Sodium, Dietary/pharmacology ; Vitamin D/analogs & derivatives ; Vitamin D/blood ; Vitamin D/pharmacology ; p-Aminohippuric Acid/administration & dosage ; p-Aminohippuric Acid/pharmacology
Chemical Substances	Sodium, Dietary ; Angiotensin II (11128-99-7) ; Vitamin D (1406-16-2) ; Sodium (9NEZ333N27) ; 25-hydroxyvitamin D (A288AR3C9H) ; p-Aminohippuric Acid (Y79XT83BJ9)
Language	English
Publishing date	2010-03-29
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
ZDB-ID	423736-5
ISSN	1524-4563 ; 0194-911X ; 0362-4323
ISSN (online)	1524-4563
ISSN	0194-911X ; 0362-4323
DOI	10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.109.148619
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Article ; Online: Vitamin D and vascular disease: the current and future status of vitamin D therapy in hypertension and kidney disease.

Vaidya, Anand / Forman, John P

Current hypertension reports

2012 Volume 14, Issue 2, Page(s) 111–119

Abstract: Over the past decade, vitamin D has generated considerable interest as potentially having important ... effects on the vasculature and the kidney. Animal and human data indicate that vitamin D suppresses ... suggest that low 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) levels are associated with a higher risk of hypertension ...

Abstract	Over the past decade, vitamin D has generated considerable interest as potentially having important effects on the vasculature and the kidney. Animal and human data indicate that vitamin D suppresses the activity of the renin-angiotensin system and improves endothelial function. Observational studies in humans suggest that low 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) levels are associated with a higher risk of hypertension. However, findings from randomized trials of vitamin D supplementation (with cholecalciferol or ergocalciferol) to lower blood pressure are inconsistent, possibly stemming from variability in study population, sample size, vitamin D dose, and duration. Supplementation with activated vitamin D (i.e., 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D or analogues) in patients with chronic kidney disease reduces urine albumin excretion, an important biomarker for future decline in renal function. These studies are reviewed, with special emphasis on recent findings. Definitive studies are warranted to elucidate the effects of vitamin D supplementation on mechanisms of hypertension and kidney disease.
MeSH term(s)	Antihypertensive Agents/therapeutic use ; Bone Density Conservation Agents/therapeutic use ; Cardiovascular Diseases/drug therapy ; Dietary Supplements ; Endothelium, Vascular/drug effects ; Humans ; Hypertension/drug therapy ; Kidney Diseases/drug therapy ; Renin-Angiotensin System/drug effects ; Vitamin D/therapeutic use
Chemical Substances	Antihypertensive Agents ; Bone Density Conservation Agents ; Vitamin D (1406-16-2)
Language	English
Publishing date	2012-02-11
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
ZDB-ID	2057367-4
ISSN	1534-3111 ; 1522-6417
ISSN (online)	1534-3111
ISSN	1522-6417
DOI	10.1007/s11906-012-0248-9
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