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  1. Article ; Online: Development and Validation of the Trait Sexual Motivation Scale (TSMS).

    Weber, Marcel / Reis, Dorota / Friese, Malte

    Journal of personality assessment

    2023  Volume 106, Issue 2, Page(s) 267–282

    Abstract: Sexual motivation, the interest in sexual activity, affects people's thinking, feeling, and behavior. Common scales used to assess sexual motivation suffer from drawbacks that limit their validity and applicability. We therefore developed and validated ... ...

    Abstract Sexual motivation, the interest in sexual activity, affects people's thinking, feeling, and behavior. Common scales used to assess sexual motivation suffer from drawbacks that limit their validity and applicability. We therefore developed and validated the
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Motivation ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Reproducibility of Results ; Psychometrics ; Sexual Behavior
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-05-22
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 121962-5
    ISSN 1532-7752 ; 0022-3891
    ISSN (online) 1532-7752
    ISSN 0022-3891
    DOI 10.1080/00223891.2023.2206896
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  2. Article ; Online: On the asymmetry of losses and gains: Implications of changing work conditions for well-being.

    Meier, Laurenz L / Keller, Anita C / Reis, Dorota / Nohe, Christoph

    The Journal of applied psychology

    2023  Volume 108, Issue 8, Page(s) 1408–1424

    Abstract: There is sample evidence that work conditions affect employees' well-being. Losses in work quality (increased job stressors and reduced job resources) are thought to be related to deteriorations in well-being, whereas gains in work quality (reduced job ... ...

    Abstract There is sample evidence that work conditions affect employees' well-being. Losses in work quality (increased job stressors and reduced job resources) are thought to be related to deteriorations in well-being, whereas gains in work quality (reduced job stressors and increased job resources) are believed to improve well-being. The way most previous studies tested linkages between work conditions and well-being assumes that as much as a loss in work quality harms well-being, a gain in work quality results in an improvement. However, Hobfoll's conservation of resources (COR) theory argues that losses have a stronger impact than gains do. To date, this assumption still awaits a thorough empirical test. Using data from three longitudinal studies (
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Workload ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Longitudinal Studies
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-04-06
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 219157-x
    ISSN 1939-1854 ; 0021-9010
    ISSN (online) 1939-1854
    ISSN 0021-9010
    DOI 10.1037/apl0001080
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  3. Article ; Online: No party no joy?-Changes in university students' extraversion, neuroticism, and subjective well-being during two COVID-19 lockdowns.

    Krautter, Kai / Friese, Malte / Hart, Alexander / Reis, Dorota

    Applied psychology. Health and well-being

    2022  Volume 14, Issue 4, Page(s) 1314–1332

    Abstract: The COVID-19 lockdowns represent a major life event with an immense impact on university students' lives. Findings prior to the pandemic suggest that changes in personality and subjective well-being (SWB) can occur after critical life events or ... ...

    Abstract The COVID-19 lockdowns represent a major life event with an immense impact on university students' lives. Findings prior to the pandemic suggest that changes in personality and subjective well-being (SWB) can occur after critical life events or psychological interventions. The present study examined how university students' extraversion, neuroticism, and SWB changed during two COVID-19 lockdowns in Germany. To this end, we conducted a partly preregistered, two-cohort study with four measurement points each from October 2019 to May 2021 (N
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Extraversion, Psychological ; Neuroticism ; Universities ; Cohort Studies ; COVID-19 ; Communicable Disease Control ; Personality ; Students
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-01-07
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2483053-7
    ISSN 1758-0854 ; 1758-0846
    ISSN (online) 1758-0854
    ISSN 1758-0846
    DOI 10.1111/aphw.12336
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  4. Article ; Online: Heterogeneity in mental health change during the COVID-19 pandemic in Germany: The role of social factors.

    Reis, Dorota / Krautter, Kai / Hart, Alexander / Friese, Malte

    Stress and health : journal of the International Society for the Investigation of Stress

    2022  Volume 39, Issue 2, Page(s) 272–284

    Abstract: The COVID-19 pandemic constitutes a prolonged global crisis, but its effects on mental health seem inconsistent. This inconsistency highlights the importance of considering the differential impact of the pandemic on individuals. There is some evidence ... ...

    Abstract The COVID-19 pandemic constitutes a prolonged global crisis, but its effects on mental health seem inconsistent. This inconsistency highlights the importance of considering the differential impact of the pandemic on individuals. There is some evidence that mental health trajectories are heterogeneous and that both sociodemographic and personal characteristics are associated with higher risk for mental health issues. By contrast, information on the role of social factors as potential determinants of initial reactions to the pandemic and on heterogeneous trajectories over time is lacking. We analysed seven assessments of a large-scale (N = 2203) longitudinal study across 1.5 years, beginning in March 2020. Using self-report data on mental health and life satisfaction, we applied latent change models to examine initial reactions and mean changes across the pandemic. In addition, we applied latent class growth analyses to investigate whether there were distinct groups with different patterns of change. Results showed that on average, levels of life satisfaction and anxiety decreased (d = -0.31 and d = -0.11, respectively), levels of depressive symptoms increased (d = 0.13), and stress levels remained unchanged (d = -0.01) during the first year of the pandemic. For each outcome, we identified four distinct mental health trajectories. Between 5% (for anxiety) and 11% (for life satisfaction) of the sample reported consistently high-and even increasing-impairments in mental health and well-being. The trajectories of a sizeable number of people covaried with the course of the pandemic, such that people experienced better mental health when the number of COVID cases was low and when fewer restrictions were placed on public life. Low emotional support, high instrumental support, and the tendency to compare oneself with others were associated with more mental health issues. Findings show that whereas a substantial portion of people were largely unaffected by the pandemic, some individuals experienced consistently high levels of psychological distress. Social factors appear to play a crucial role in the maintenance of well-being.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; COVID-19 ; Mental Health ; Pandemics ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Longitudinal Studies ; Social Factors ; Anxiety/psychology ; Depression/psychology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-07-11
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2042041-9
    ISSN 1532-2998 ; 1532-3005
    ISSN (online) 1532-2998
    ISSN 1532-3005
    DOI 10.1002/smi.3181
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  5. Article ; Online: The Role of Trait and State Perfectionism in Psychological Detachment From Daily Job Demands.

    Reis, Dorota / Prestele, Elisabeth

    Stress and health : journal of the International Society for the Investigation of Stress

    2020  Volume 36, Issue 2, Page(s) 228–245

    Abstract: Psychological detachment has been proposed to be a mediator of the relations between an individual's responses to stressful work-related experiences and mid- and long-term health. However, the number of studies that have specifically examined the role ... ...

    Abstract Psychological detachment has been proposed to be a mediator of the relations between an individual's responses to stressful work-related experiences and mid- and long-term health. However, the number of studies that have specifically examined the role that personal characteristics play in these associations is considerably small. One personal characteristic that might specifically interfere with psychological detachment is perfectionism, which has been considered an important vulnerability factor for the development of psychological disorders. Hence, the goal of this registered report was to extend research on psychological detachment by introducing trait and state perfectionism as moderators of the aforementioned relations. We conducted an experience sampling study with three measurement occasions per day over the course of 3 working weeks (N = 158 employees; M
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Job Satisfaction ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Models, Psychological ; Multilevel Analysis ; Occupational Stress/psychology ; Perfectionism ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Workload/psychology ; Workplace/psychology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-02-05
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2042041-9
    ISSN 1532-2998 ; 1532-3005
    ISSN (online) 1532-2998
    ISSN 1532-3005
    DOI 10.1002/smi.2901
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  6. Article: Interventionsdesign, Evaluationsverfahren und Wirksamkeit von Interventionen

    Reis, Dorota / Meier, Laurenz L.

    (In: Michel, Alexandra; Hoppe, Annekatrin (Ed.), Handbuch Gesundheitsförderung bei der Arbeit. Interventionen für Individuen, Teams und Organisationen (S. 371-381). Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien)

    2022  

    Abstract: Zahlreiche Klassifikationsmöglichkeiten gesundheitsfördernder Maßnahmen im Arbeitskontext wie z. B. die Unterscheidung personenbezogener und bedingungsbezogener Maßnahmen oder die Einordnung als primäre, sekundäre oder tertiäre Prävention beziehen sich ... ...

    Title translation Intervention design, evaluation procedures, and intervention effectiveness (DeepL)
    Series title In: Michel, Alexandra; Hoppe, Annekatrin (Ed.), Handbuch Gesundheitsförderung bei der Arbeit. Interventionen für Individuen, Teams und Organisationen (S. 371-381). Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien
    Abstract Zahlreiche Klassifikationsmöglichkeiten gesundheitsfördernder Maßnahmen im Arbeitskontext wie z. B. die Unterscheidung personenbezogener und bedingungsbezogener Maßnahmen oder die Einordnung als primäre, sekundäre oder tertiäre Prävention beziehen sich auf die inhaltliche Ausrichtung der Verfahren. Darüber hinaus lassen sich gesundheitsfördernde Interventionen hinsichtlich ihres klassifizieren. Das bei der Planung einer Maßnahme festgelegte Design determiniert in der Regel deren Evaluation (z. B. hinsichtlich der Akzeptanz) als auch die Überprüfung der Wirksamkeit. Während bei face-to-face Ansätzen Prä-Post-(Follow-up)-Designs am häufigsten umgesetzt werden, erleichtern web/app-basierte und blended learning Ansätze eine engmaschigere Erfassung und damit Evaluation der intendierten Veränderungsprozesse. Obwohl sowohl in der Praxis als auch im Forschungsalltag die Planung von gesundheitsfördernden Maßnahmen pragmatische oder Kosten-Nutzen-Aspekte einbeziehen muss, möchten wir im vorliegenden Kapitel einige ausgewählte Themen diskutieren, deren Berücksichtigung bei der Implementierung von Interventionsdesigns von Relevanz für eine adäquate Evaluation des beabsichtigten Ziels der Maßnahme sein können. Wir erörtern versuchsplanerische Voraussetzungen, aber auch konzeptuelle Aspekte (z. B. Fragen der Operationalisierung relevanter Konstrukte, deren Stabilität versus Fluktuation) und schließlich methodische Aspekte diverser Designs und Auswertungsmöglichkeiten. (c) Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden GmbH
    Keywords Arbeitsplatzintervention ; Evaluation ; Evidence Based Practice ; Evidenzbasierte Praxis ; Gesundheit am Arbeitsplatz ; Gesundheitsförderung ; Health Promotion ; Occupational Health ; Workplace Intervention
    Language German
    Document type Article
    DOI 10.1007/978-3-658-28651-4_24
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  7. Article ; Online: Leveraging Single-Case Experimental Designs to Promote Personalized Psychological Treatment: Step-by-Step Implementation Protocol with Stakeholder Involvement of an Outpatient Clinic for Personalized Psychotherapy.

    Scholten, Saskia / Schemer, Lea / Herzog, Philipp / Haas, Julia W / Heider, Jens / Winter, Dorina / Reis, Dorota / Glombiewski, Julia Anna

    Administration and policy in mental health

    2024  

    Abstract: Our objective is to implement a single-case experimental design (SCED) infrastructure in combination with experience-sampling methods (ESM) into the standard diagnostic procedure of a German outpatient research and training clinic. Building on the idea ... ...

    Abstract Our objective is to implement a single-case experimental design (SCED) infrastructure in combination with experience-sampling methods (ESM) into the standard diagnostic procedure of a German outpatient research and training clinic. Building on the idea of routine outcome monitoring, the SCED infrastructure introduces intensive longitudinal data collection, individual effectiveness measures, and the opportunity for systematic manipulation to push personalization efforts further. It aims to empower psychotherapists and patients to evaluate their own treatment (idiographic perspective) and to enable researchers to analyze open questions of personalized psychotherapy (nomothetic perspective). Organized around the principles of agile research, we plan to develop, implement, and evaluate the SCED infrastructure in six successive studies with continuous stakeholder involvement: In the project development phase, the business model for the SCED infrastructure is developed that describes its vision in consideration of the context (Study 1). Also, the infrastructure's prototype is specified, encompassing the SCED procedure, ESM protocol, and ESM survey (Study 2 and 3). During the optimization phase, feasibility and acceptability are tested and the infrastructure is adapted accordingly (Study 4). The evaluation phase includes a pilot implementation study to assess implementation outcomes (Study 5), followed by actual implementation using a within-institution A-B design (Study 6). The sustainability phase involves continuous monitoring and improvement. We discuss to what extent the generated data could be used to address current questions of personalized psychotherapy research. Anticipated barriers and limitations during the implementation processes are outlined.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-03-11
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1025319-1
    ISSN 1573-3289 ; 0894-587X
    ISSN (online) 1573-3289
    ISSN 0894-587X
    DOI 10.1007/s10488-024-01363-5
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  8. Article: Heterogeneity in mental health change during the COVID-19 pandemic in Germany

    Reis, Dorota / Krautter, Kai / Hart, Alexander / Friese, Malte

    Stress and Health

    The role of social factors

    2023  Volume 39, Issue 2, Page(s) 272–284

    Abstract: The COVID-19 pandemic constitutes a prolonged global crisis, but its effects on mental health seem inconsistent. This inconsistency highlights the importance of considering the differential impact of the pandemic on individuals. There is some evidence ... ...

    Title translation Heterogenität in der Veränderung der psychischen Gesundheit während der COVID-19-Pandemie in Deutschland: Die Rolle von sozialen Faktoren
    Abstract The COVID-19 pandemic constitutes a prolonged global crisis, but its effects on mental health seem inconsistent. This inconsistency highlights the importance of considering the differential impact of the pandemic on individuals. There is some evidence that mental health trajectories are heterogeneous and that both sociodemographic and personal characteristics are associated with higher risk for mental health issues. By contrast, information on the role of social factors as potential determinants of initial reactions to the pandemic and on heterogeneous trajectories over time is lacking. We analysed seven assessments of a large-scale (N = 2203) longitudinal study across 1.5 years, beginning in March 2020. Using self-report data on mental health and life satisfaction, we applied latent change models to examine initial reactions and mean changes across the pandemic. In addition, we applied latent class growth analyses to investigate whether there were distinct groups with different patterns of change. Results showed that on average, levels of life satisfaction and anxiety decreased (d = -0.31 and d = -0.11, respectively), levels of depressive symptoms increased (d = 0.13), and stress levels remained unchanged (d = -0.01) during the first year of the pandemic. For each outcome, we identified four distinct mental health trajectories. Between 5% (for anxiety) and 11% (for life satisfaction) of the sample reported consistently high-and even increasing-impairments in mental health and well-being. The trajectories of a sizeable number of people covaried with the course of the pandemic, such that people experienced better mental health when the number of COVID cases was low and when fewer restrictions were placed on public life. Low emotional support, high instrumental support, and the tendency to compare oneself with others were associated with more mental health issues. Findings show that whereas a substantial portion of people were largely unaffected by the pandemic, some individuals experienced consistently high levels of psychological distress. Social factors appear to play a crucial role in the maintenance of well-being.
    Keywords Angst ; Anxiety ; COVID-19 ; Individual Differences ; Individuelle Unterschiede ; Lebenszufriedenheit ; Life Satisfaction ; Major Depression ; Mental Health ; Pandemics ; Pandemie ; Psychische Gesundheit ; Social Support ; Soziale Unterstützung ; Well Being ; Wohlbefinden
    Language English
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 2042041-9
    ISSN 1532-2998 ; 1532-3005
    ISSN (online) 1532-2998
    ISSN 1532-3005
    DOI 10.1002/smi.3181
    Database PSYNDEX

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  9. Article ; Online: Using Smartphone Sensor Paradata and Personalized Machine Learning Models to Infer Participants' Well-being: Ecological Momentary Assessment.

    Hart, Alexander / Reis, Dorota / Prestele, Elisabeth / Jacobson, Nicholas C

    Journal of medical Internet research

    2022  Volume 24, Issue 4, Page(s) e34015

    Abstract: Background: Sensors embedded in smartphones allow for the passive momentary quantification of people's states in the context of their daily lives in real time. Such data could be useful for alleviating the burden of ecological momentary assessments and ... ...

    Abstract Background: Sensors embedded in smartphones allow for the passive momentary quantification of people's states in the context of their daily lives in real time. Such data could be useful for alleviating the burden of ecological momentary assessments and increasing utility in clinical assessments. Despite existing research on using passive sensor data to assess participants' moment-to-moment states and activity levels, only limited research has investigated temporally linking sensor assessment and self-reported assessment to further integrate the 2 methodologies.
    Objective: We investigated whether sparse movement-related sensor data can be used to train machine learning models that are able to infer states of individuals' work-related rumination, fatigue, mood, arousal, life engagement, and sleep quality. Sensor data were only collected while the participants filled out the questionnaires on their smartphones.
    Methods: We trained personalized machine learning models on data from employees (N=158) who participated in a 3-week ecological momentary assessment study.
    Results: The results suggested that passive smartphone sensor data paired with personalized machine learning models can be used to infer individuals' self-reported states at later measurement occasions. The mean R
    Conclusions: Personalized machine learning models and temporally linked passive sensing data have the capability to infer a sizable proportion of variance in individuals' daily self-reported states. Further research is needed to investigate factors that affect the accuracy and reliability of the inference.
    MeSH term(s) Ecological Momentary Assessment ; Humans ; Machine Learning ; Reproducibility of Results ; Smartphone ; Surveys and Questionnaires
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-04-28
    Publishing country Canada
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2028830-X
    ISSN 1438-8871 ; 1439-4456
    ISSN (online) 1438-8871
    ISSN 1439-4456
    DOI 10.2196/34015
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  10. Article ; Online: Promoting recovery in daily life: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.

    Reis, Dorota / Hart, Alexander / Lehr, Dirk / Friese, Malte

    BMC psychology

    2021  Volume 9, Issue 1, Page(s) 91

    Abstract: Background: Work-related stress shows steadily increasing prevalence rates and has tangible consequences for individual workers, their organizations, and society as a whole. One mechanism that may help offset the negative outcomes of work-related stress ...

    Abstract Background: Work-related stress shows steadily increasing prevalence rates and has tangible consequences for individual workers, their organizations, and society as a whole. One mechanism that may help offset the negative outcomes of work-related stress on employees' well-being is recovery. Recovery refers to the experience of unwinding from one's job when not at work. However, employees who experience high levels of work-related stress and are thus particularly in need of recovery tend to struggle to switch-off. Due to the detrimental effects of this prolonged and sustained mental representation of job stressors, interventions promoting recovery may contribute to improvements in employees' mental health.
    Methods: In this randomized, waitlist controlled trial, we will investigate the effectiveness of two 6-week online training programs (cognitive behavioral and mindfulness-based). The sample will include employees working at least part-time during regular work hours. Besides the pre-post-follow-up assessments, the trial will include measurement bursts with the goal of examining the underlying mechanisms. We expect that both interventions will reduce work-related perseverative thinking (PT) compared with the waitlist control groups (primary outcome). Also, we expect that both interventions will result in similar improvements, but the underlying mechanisms will differ (process outcomes). In the cognitive-behavioral intervention group, we expect that the main mechanism responsible for lower PT levels will be an increase in recovery experiences across time. In the mindfulness-based group, we expect that the main mechanism responsible for lower PT levels will be an increase in facets of mindfulness across time.
    Discussion: In the present study, we will investigate mechanisms underlying assumed changes in work-related PT in great detail. Besides evaluating the overall effectiveness of the two interventions in terms of pre-post-follow-up changes, we will look at the underlying processes at different levels-that is, within days, within weeks, across weeks, and between individuals. Accordingly, our study will offer a fine-grained approach to investigating potential determinants, mediators, and moderators of the processes that may, in the end, be responsible for work-related strain. From a public health perspective, if effective, the online training programs may offer valuable, low-threshold, and low-intensity interventions for a broad range of occupations. Trial registration German Clinical Trials Registration: DRKS00024933. Registered prospectively 7 April 2021. https://www.drks.de/drks_web/navigate.do?navigationId=trial.HTML&TRIAL_ID=DRKS00024933.
    MeSH term(s) Cognitive Behavioral Therapy ; Humans ; Mental Disorders ; Mental Health ; Mindfulness ; Occupational Health ; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-06-02
    Publishing country England
    Document type Clinical Trial Protocol ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2705921-2
    ISSN 2050-7283 ; 2050-7283
    ISSN (online) 2050-7283
    ISSN 2050-7283
    DOI 10.1186/s40359-021-00591-w
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