LIVIVO - The Search Portal for Life Sciences

zur deutschen Oberfläche wechseln
Advanced search

Search results

Result 1 - 10 of total 1536

Search options

  1. Book: Diagnosis and Treatment of Fungal Infections

    Hospenthal, Duane R. / Walsh, Thomas J. / Rinaldi, Michael G.

    2023  

    Author's details Duane R. Hospenthal, MD, PhD, FACP, FIDSA, FASTMH San Antonio Infectious Diseases Consultants, San Antonio, TX, Adjunct Professor of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, and Clinical Professor, School of Osteopathic Medicine, University of the Incarnate Word, San Antonio, TX, USA § Michael G. Rinaldi, PhD (deceased) Professor of Pathology, Microbiology, and Clinical Laboratory Sciences (Retired), University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA § Thomas J. Walsh, MD, PhD (Hon), FIDSA, FAAM, FECMM, Founding Director, Center for Innovative Therapeutics and Diagnostics, Richmond, VA, Adjunct Professor of Medicine and Microbiology & Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, and Adjunct Professor of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA §
    Keywords Adverse reactions ; Allylamine ; Antifungal ; Azole ; drug interactions ; Echinoandin ; Endemic fungal infections ; Epidemiology ; fungal infection ; Mechanism of Action ; Mycoses ; Mycosis ; pharmacokinetics ; Polyene ; Resistance ; risk factors ; Adverse Reactions ; Drug Interactions ; Fungal Infection ; Pharmacokinetics ; Risk factors
    Language English
    Size 448 p.
    Edition 3
    Publisher Springer International Publishing
    Document type Book
    Note PDA Manuell_23
    Format 215 x 285 x 28
    ISBN 9783031358029 ; 3031358023
    Database PDA

    Kategorien

  2. Article ; Online: Ecological and life history traits are associated with Ross River virus infection among sylvatic mammals in Australia.

    Walsh, Michael G

    BMC ecology

    2019  Volume 19, Issue 1, Page(s) 2

    Abstract: Background: Ross River virus (RRV) is Australia's most important arbovirus given its annual burden of disease and the relatively large number of Australians at risk for infection. This mosquito-borne arbovirus is also a zoonosis, making its epidemiology ...

    Abstract Background: Ross River virus (RRV) is Australia's most important arbovirus given its annual burden of disease and the relatively large number of Australians at risk for infection. This mosquito-borne arbovirus is also a zoonosis, making its epidemiology and infection ecology complex and cryptic. Our grasp of enzootic, epizootic, and zoonotic RRV transmission dynamics is imprecise largely due to a poor understanding of the role of wild mammalian hosts in the RRV system.
    Methods: The current study applied a piecewise structural equation model (PSEM) toward an interspecific comparison of sylvatic Australian mammals to characterize the ecological and life history profile of species with a history of RRV infection relative to those species with no such history among all wild mammalian species surveyed for RRV infection. The effects of species traits were assessed through multiple causal pathways within the PSEM framework.
    Results: Sylvatic mammalian species with a history of RRV infection tended to express dietary specialization and smaller population density. These species were also characterized by a longer gestation length.
    Conclusions: This study provides the first interspecific comparison of wild mammals for RRV infection and identifies some potential targets for future wildlife surveys into the infection ecology of this important arbovirus. An applied RRV macroecology may prove invaluable to the epidemiological modeling of RRV epidemics across diverse sylvatic landscapes, as well as to the development of human and animal health surveillance systems.
    MeSH term(s) Alphavirus Infections/epidemiology ; Alphavirus Infections/veterinary ; Alphavirus Infections/virology ; Animals ; Australia/epidemiology ; Life History Traits ; Mammals/physiology ; Ross River virus/physiology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-01-15
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2050430-5
    ISSN 1472-6785 ; 1472-6785
    ISSN (online) 1472-6785
    ISSN 1472-6785
    DOI 10.1186/s12898-019-0220-5
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

    More links

    Kategorien

  3. Article: An evaluation of the landscape structure and La Niña climatic anomalies associated with Japanese encephalitis virus outbreaks reported in Australian piggeries in 2022.

    Walsh, Michael G / Webb, Cameron / Brookes, Victoria

    One health (Amsterdam, Netherlands)

    2023  Volume 16, Page(s) 100566

    Abstract: The widespread activity of Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) reported in previously unaffected regions of eastern and southern Australia in 2022 represents the most significant local arbovirus emergency in almost 50 years. Japanese encephalitis virus is ... ...

    Abstract The widespread activity of Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) reported in previously unaffected regions of eastern and southern Australia in 2022 represents the most significant local arbovirus emergency in almost 50 years. Japanese encephalitis virus is transmitted by mosquitoes and maintained in wild ardeid birds and amplified in pigs, the latter of which suffer significant reproductive losses as a result of infection. The landscape epidemiology of JEV in mainland Australia is almost entirely unknown, particularly in the eastern and southern parts of the country where the virus has not been previously documented. Although other areas with endemic JEV circulation in the Indo-Pacific region have demonstrated the importance of wild waterbird-livestock interface in agricultural-wetland mosaics, no such investigation has yet determined the composition and configuration of pathogenic landscapes for Australia. Moreover, the recent emergence in Australia has followed substantial precipitation and temperature anomalies associated with the La Niña phase of the El Niño Southern Oscillation. This study investigated the landscape epidemiology of JEV outbreaks in Australian piggeries reported between January and April of 2022 to determine the influence of ardeid habitat suitability, hydrogeography, hydrology, land cover and La Niña-associated climate anomalies. Outbreaks of JEV in domestic pigs were associated with intermediate ardeid species richness, cultivated land and grassland fragmentation, waterway proximity, temporary wetlands, and hydrological flow accumulation. This study has identified the composition and configuration of landscape features that were associated with piggery outbreaks reported in 2022 in Australia. Although preliminary, these findings can inform actionable strategies for the development of new One Health JEV surveillance specific to the needs of Australia.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-05-15
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2834831-X
    ISSN 2352-7714
    ISSN 2352-7714
    DOI 10.1016/j.onehlt.2023.100566
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

    More links

    Kategorien

  4. Article ; Online: An evaluation of the landscape structure and La Niña climatic anomalies associated with Japanese encephalitis virus outbreaks reported in Australian piggeries in 2022

    Michael G. Walsh / Cameron Webb / Victoria Brookes

    One Health, Vol 16, Iss , Pp 100566- (2023)

    2023  

    Abstract: The widespread activity of Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) reported in previously unaffected regions of eastern and southern Australia in 2022 represents the most significant local arbovirus emergency in almost 50 years. Japanese encephalitis virus is ... ...

    Abstract The widespread activity of Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) reported in previously unaffected regions of eastern and southern Australia in 2022 represents the most significant local arbovirus emergency in almost 50 years. Japanese encephalitis virus is transmitted by mosquitoes and maintained in wild ardeid birds and amplified in pigs, the latter of which suffer significant reproductive losses as a result of infection. The landscape epidemiology of JEV in mainland Australia is almost entirely unknown, particularly in the eastern and southern parts of the country where the virus has not been previously documented. Although other areas with endemic JEV circulation in the Indo-Pacific region have demonstrated the importance of wild waterbird-livestock interface in agricultural-wetland mosaics, no such investigation has yet determined the composition and configuration of pathogenic landscapes for Australia. Moreover, the recent emergence in Australia has followed substantial precipitation and temperature anomalies associated with the La Niña phase of the El Niño Southern Oscillation. This study investigated the landscape epidemiology of JEV outbreaks in Australian piggeries reported between January and April of 2022 to determine the influence of ardeid habitat suitability, hydrogeography, hydrology, land cover and La Niña-associated climate anomalies. Outbreaks of JEV in domestic pigs were associated with intermediate ardeid species richness, cultivated land and grassland fragmentation, waterway proximity, temporary wetlands, and hydrological flow accumulation. This study has identified the composition and configuration of landscape features that were associated with piggery outbreaks reported in 2022 in Australia. Although preliminary, these findings can inform actionable strategies for the development of new One Health JEV surveillance specific to the needs of Australia.
    Keywords Japanese encephalitis ; Vector-borne disease ; Animal health ; Wildlife-livestock interface ; Arbovirus ; Disease ecology ; Medicine (General) ; R5-920
    Subject code 710
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-06-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Elsevier
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

    More links

    Kategorien

  5. Article ; Online: Breath Testing in the Surgical Setting: Applications, Challenges, and Future Perspectives.

    Walsh, Caoimhe M / Fadel, Michael G / Jamel, Sara H / Hanna, George B

    European surgical research. Europaische chirurgische Forschung. Recherches chirurgicales europeennes

    2023  Volume 64, Issue 3, Page(s) 315–322

    Abstract: Background: The potential for exhaled breath to be a valuable diagnostic tool is often overlooked as it can be difficult to imagine how a barely visible sample of breath could hold such a rich source of information about the state of our health. However, ...

    Abstract Background: The potential for exhaled breath to be a valuable diagnostic tool is often overlooked as it can be difficult to imagine how a barely visible sample of breath could hold such a rich source of information about the state of our health. However, technological advances over the last 50 years have enabled us to detect volatile organic compounds (VOCs) present in exhaled breath, and this provides the key to understanding the wealth of information contained within these readily available samples.
    Summary: VOCs are produced as a by-product of metabolism; hence, changes in the underlying physiological processes will be reflected in the exact composition of VOCs in exhaled breath. It has been shown that characteristic changes occur in the breath VOC profile associated with certain diseases including cancer, which may enable the non-invasive detection of cancer at primary care level for patients with vague symptoms. The use of breath testing as a diagnostic tool has many advantages. It is non-invasive and quick, and the test is widely accepted by patients and clinicians. However, breath samples provide a snapshot of the VOCs present in a particular patient at a given point in time, so this can be heavily influenced by external factors such as diet, smoking, and the environment. These must all be accounted for when attempting to draw conclusions about disease status. This review focuses on the current applications for breath testing in the field of surgery, as well as discussing the challenges encountered with developing a breath test in a clinical environment. The future of breath testing in the surgical setting is also discussed, including the translation of breath research into clinical practice.
    Key messages: Analysis of VOCs in exhaled breath can identify the presence of underlying disease including cancer as well as other infectious or inflammatory conditions. Despite the patient factors, environmental factors, storage, and transport considerations that must be accounted for, breath testing demonstrates ideal characteristics for a triage test, being non-invasive, simple, and universally acceptable to patients and clinicians. Many novel biomarkers and diagnostic tests fail to translate into clinical practice because their potential clinical application does not align with the requirements and unmet needs of the healthcare sector. Non-invasive breath testing, however, has the great potential to revolutionise the early detection of diseases, such as cancer, in the surgical setting for patients with vague symptoms.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Biomarkers ; Neoplasms/diagnosis ; Breath Tests ; Volatile Organic Compounds/analysis ; Volatile Organic Compounds/metabolism ; Exhalation
    Chemical Substances Biomarkers ; Volatile Organic Compounds
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-06-13
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 205700-1
    ISSN 1421-9921 ; 0014-312X
    ISSN (online) 1421-9921
    ISSN 0014-312X
    DOI 10.1159/000531504
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

    More links

    Kategorien

  6. Article ; Online: Open questions and research gaps for monitoring and updating AI-enabled tools in clinical settings.

    Davis, Sharon E / Walsh, Colin G / Matheny, Michael E

    Frontiers in digital health

    2022  Volume 4, Page(s) 958284

    Abstract: As the implementation of artificial intelligence (AI)-enabled tools is realized across diverse clinical environments, there is a growing understanding of the need for ongoing monitoring and updating of prediction models. Dataset shift-temporal changes in ...

    Abstract As the implementation of artificial intelligence (AI)-enabled tools is realized across diverse clinical environments, there is a growing understanding of the need for ongoing monitoring and updating of prediction models. Dataset shift-temporal changes in clinical practice, patient populations, and information systems-is now well-documented as a source of deteriorating model accuracy and a challenge to the sustainability of AI-enabled tools in clinical care. While best practices are well-established for training and validating new models, there has been limited work developing best practices for prospective validation and model maintenance. In this paper, we highlight the need for updating clinical prediction models and discuss open questions regarding this critical aspect of the AI modeling lifecycle in three focus areas: model maintenance policies, performance monitoring perspectives, and model updating strategies. With the increasing adoption of AI-enabled tools, the need for such best practices must be addressed and incorporated into new and existing implementations. This commentary aims to encourage conversation and motivate additional research across clinical and data science stakeholders.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-09-02
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2673-253X
    ISSN (online) 2673-253X
    DOI 10.3389/fdgth.2022.958284
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

    More links

    Kategorien

  7. Article ; Online: Cognitive behavioral stress management affects different dimensions of benefit finding in breast cancer survivors: a multilevel mediation model.

    St Fleur, Ruth G / Ream, Molly / Walsh, Emily A / Antoni, Michael H

    Psychology & health

    2023  , Page(s) 1–20

    Abstract: Objective. ...

    Abstract Objective.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-03-01
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 625255-2
    ISSN 1476-8321 ; 0887-0446
    ISSN (online) 1476-8321
    ISSN 0887-0446
    DOI 10.1080/08870446.2023.2184840
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

    More links

    Kategorien

  8. Article ; Online: Assessment of COVID-19 Messaging Strategies to Increase Testing for Students With Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities.

    Walsh, Tyler J / Kalb, Luther G / Gemmell, Michael / Liu, Jingxia / Caburnay, Charlene A / Gurnett, Christina A / Newland, Jason G

    The Journal of school health

    2024  

    Abstract: Background: Students with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD) were disproportionately impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic. This study's goal was to assess the effectiveness of 2 messaging strategies on participation in SARS-CoV-2 weekly ... ...

    Abstract Background: Students with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD) were disproportionately impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic. This study's goal was to assess the effectiveness of 2 messaging strategies on participation in SARS-CoV-2 weekly testing.
    Methods: Cluster randomized trials were conducted at 2 school systems, the special school district (SSD) and Kennedy Krieger Institute (Kennedy) to assess messaging strategies, general versus enhanced, to increase weekly screening for SARS-CoV-2. Testing was offered to staff and students from November 23, 2020 to May 26, 2022. The primary outcomes were percentage of students and staff consented weekly and percentage of study participants who had a test performed weekly. Generalized estimating equation models were utilized to evaluate the primary outcomes.
    Results: Increases in enrollment and testing occurred during study start up, the beginning of school years, and following surges in both systems. No statistical difference was observed in the primary outcomes between schools receiving standard versus enhanced messaging.
    Implications for school health policy, practice, and equity: Frequent and consistent communication is vital for families and staff. Weekly screening testing within schools is possible and highlighted the importance of utilizing equitable protocols to provide important testing to students with IDD.
    Conclusion: Enhanced messaging strategies did not increase the number of participants enrolled or the percentage of enrolled participants being tested on a weekly basis.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-03-29
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 952835-0
    ISSN 1746-1561 ; 0022-4391
    ISSN (online) 1746-1561
    ISSN 0022-4391
    DOI 10.1111/josh.13448
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

    More links

    Kategorien

  9. Article ; Online: Population structure and diet generalism define a preliminary ecological profile of zoonotic virus hosts in the Western Ghats, India.

    Walsh, Michael G / Hossain, Shah

    Epidemics

    2020  Volume 33, Page(s) 100416

    Abstract: The rainforests of the Western Ghats exhibit some of the highest biodiversity on the planet, and yet are undergoing rapid land use change due to the expansion of agriculture and other industries. As the landscape of the region is transformed, more people ...

    Abstract The rainforests of the Western Ghats exhibit some of the highest biodiversity on the planet, and yet are undergoing rapid land use change due to the expansion of agriculture and other industries. As the landscape of the region is transformed, more people are coming into conflict with wildlife and becoming exposed to pathogens that previously circulated beyond the boundaries of human incursion. Despite an ecological knowledge imperative, this emerging landscape is ill-defined with respect to the ecology of zoonotic viruses and their mammalian wildlife hosts. Without a better understanding of the underlying infection ecology, the epidemiology of viral spillover will remain elusive and unsuited to the task of predicting and preventing outbreaks. The current investigation explored the association between mammalian zoonotic virus richness and species-level landscape, life-history, and dietary traits to describe an initial ecological profile of zoonotic virus hosts in the Western Ghats. Social group composition and dietary forage were both non-linearly associated with greater zoonotic viral richness among these species, whereby species active in smaller social groups, albeit in higher population densities, and exhibiting a tendency toward a generalist diet hosted more zoonotic viruses. While these findings provide no definitive ecological demarcation of zoonotic virus hosts or their contribution to viral maintenance or amplification, it is expected that this preliminary profile can help to develop targeted wildlife pathogen surveillance programs and to expand the current approach to epidemiological modelling of emerging zoonoses in the region, which typically do not account for the macroecological parameters of infection transmission.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Animals, Wild/virology ; Biodiversity ; Disease Outbreaks ; Humans ; India ; Viruses ; Zoonoses/epidemiology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-11-03
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2467993-8
    ISSN 1878-0067 ; 1755-4365
    ISSN (online) 1878-0067
    ISSN 1755-4365
    DOI 10.1016/j.epidem.2020.100416
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

    More links

    Kategorien

  10. Article ; Online: Ecological and life history traits are associated with Ross River virus infection among sylvatic mammals in Australia

    Michael G. Walsh

    BMC Ecology, Vol 19, Iss 1, Pp 1-

    2019  Volume 8

    Abstract: Abstract Background Ross River virus (RRV) is Australia’s most important arbovirus given its annual burden of disease and the relatively large number of Australians at risk for infection. This mosquito-borne arbovirus is also a zoonosis, making its ... ...

    Abstract Abstract Background Ross River virus (RRV) is Australia’s most important arbovirus given its annual burden of disease and the relatively large number of Australians at risk for infection. This mosquito-borne arbovirus is also a zoonosis, making its epidemiology and infection ecology complex and cryptic. Our grasp of enzootic, epizootic, and zoonotic RRV transmission dynamics is imprecise largely due to a poor understanding of the role of wild mammalian hosts in the RRV system. Methods The current study applied a piecewise structural equation model (PSEM) toward an interspecific comparison of sylvatic Australian mammals to characterize the ecological and life history profile of species with a history of RRV infection relative to those species with no such history among all wild mammalian species surveyed for RRV infection. The effects of species traits were assessed through multiple causal pathways within the PSEM framework. Results Sylvatic mammalian species with a history of RRV infection tended to express dietary specialization and smaller population density. These species were also characterized by a longer gestation length. Conclusions This study provides the first interspecific comparison of wild mammals for RRV infection and identifies some potential targets for future wildlife surveys into the infection ecology of this important arbovirus. An applied RRV macroecology may prove invaluable to the epidemiological modeling of RRV epidemics across diverse sylvatic landscapes, as well as to the development of human and animal health surveillance systems.
    Keywords Ross River virus ; Zoonoses ; Wildlife reservoirs ; Macroecology ; Epidemiology ; Ecology ; QH540-549.5
    Subject code 590
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-01-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher BMC
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

    More links

    Kategorien

To top