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  1. Book: Principles and Practice of Clinical Trials

    Meinert, Curtis L. / Piantadosi, Steven

    2022  

    Abstract: This is a comprehensive major reference work for our SpringerReference program covering clinical trials. Although the core of the Work will focus on the analysis and interpretation of scientific data gleaned from the trial process, a broad spectrum of ... ...

    Author's details Steven Piantadosi is a Professor in Residence at the Harvard Medical School in the Department of Surgery at the Brigham and Women's Hospital. §Curtis Meinert is a professor of Epidemiology at Johns Hopkins Center for Clinical Trials and Evidence Synthesis.§§
    Abstract This is a comprehensive major reference work for our SpringerReference program covering clinical trials. Although the core of the Work will focus on the analysis and interpretation of scientific data gleaned from the trial process, a broad spectrum of clinical trial principles and practice areas will be covered in detail. This is an important time to develop such a Work, as drug safety and efficacy cannot be guaranteed and regulated without the Clinical Trials process. Because of an immense a...
    Keywords Lehrbuch ; FMAS030 ; NBII030 ; NBII010 ; clinical trial ; Design and Analysis ; randomized clinical trials ; adaptive clinical trials ; data analysis ; Biostatistics ; diagnostic trials ; screening trials ; Observational Studies ; clinical trials ; design and analysis ; biostatistics ; observational studies
    Language English
    Size 2776 p.
    Edition 1
    Publisher Springer International Publishing
    Document type Book
    Note PDA Manuell_16
    Format 160 x 241 x 155
    ISBN 9783319526355 ; 3319526359
    Database PDA

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  2. Book ; Online ; E-Book: Clinical trials

    Piantadosi, Steven

    a methodologic perspective

    (Wiley series in probability and statistics)

    2017  

    Author's details Steven Piantadosi
    Series title Wiley series in probability and statistics
    Keywords Clinical Trials as Topic / methods ; Research Design ; Statistics as Topic / methods
    Language English
    Size 1 Online-Ressource (xxviii, 886 Seiten)
    Edition Third edition
    Publisher Wiley
    Publishing place Hoboken, NJ
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Book ; Online ; E-Book
    Remark Zugriff für angemeldete ZB MED-Nutzerinnen und -Nutzer
    HBZ-ID HT019510106
    ISBN 978-1-118-95922-0 ; 9781118959206 ; 1-118-95922-1 ; 1118959205
    Database ZB MED Catalogue: Medicine, Health, Nutrition, Environment, Agriculture

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  3. Article ; Online: The algorithmic origins of counting.

    Piantadosi, Steven T

    Child development

    2023  Volume 94, Issue 6, Page(s) 1472–1490

    Abstract: ... and words, extending the proposal of Piantadosi et al. (2012). This new version of the model responds ...

    Abstract The study of how children learn numbers has yielded one of the most productive research programs in cognitive development, spanning empirical and computational methods, as well as nativist and empiricist philosophies. This paper provides a tutorial on how to think computationally about learning models in a domain like number, where learners take finite data and go far beyond what they directly observe or perceive. To illustrate, this paper then outlines a model which acquires a counting procedure using observations of sets and words, extending the proposal of Piantadosi et al. (2012). This new version of the model responds to several critiques of the original work and outlines an approach which is likely appropriate for acquiring further aspects of mathematics.
    MeSH term(s) Child ; Humans ; Learning ; Cognition ; Mathematics
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-11-20
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
    ZDB-ID 215602-7
    ISSN 1467-8624 ; 0009-3920
    ISSN (online) 1467-8624
    ISSN 0009-3920
    DOI 10.1111/cdev.14031
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  4. Article ; Online: Response to Difficulty Drives Variation in IQ Test Performance.

    Cheyette, Samuel J / Piantadosi, Steven T

    Open mind : discoveries in cognitive science

    2024  Volume 8, Page(s) 265–277

    Abstract: In a large ( ...

    Abstract In a large (
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-03-26
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2470-2986
    ISSN (online) 2470-2986
    DOI 10.1162/opmi_a_00127
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  5. Book ; Online: How to enumerate trees from a context-free grammar

    Piantadosi, Steven T.

    2023  

    Abstract: I present a simple algorithm for enumerating the trees generated by a Context Free Grammar (CFG). The algorithm uses a pairing function to form a bijection between CFG derivations and natural numbers, so that trees can be uniquely decoded from counting. ... ...

    Abstract I present a simple algorithm for enumerating the trees generated by a Context Free Grammar (CFG). The algorithm uses a pairing function to form a bijection between CFG derivations and natural numbers, so that trees can be uniquely decoded from counting. This provides a general way to number expressions in natural logical languages, and potentially can be extended to other combinatorial problems. I also show how this algorithm may be generalized to more general forms of derivation, including analogs of Lempel-Ziv coding on trees.
    Keywords Computer Science - Computation and Language
    Publishing date 2023-04-30
    Publishing country us
    Document type Book ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  6. Article ; Online: Highly efficient clinical trial designs for reliable screening of under-performing treatments: Application to the COVID-19 Pandemic.

    Piantadosi, Steven

    Clinical trials (London, England)

    2020  Volume 17, Issue 5, Page(s) 483–490

    Abstract: Background: The COVID-19 pandemic presents challenges for clinical trials including urgency, disrupted infrastructure, numerous therapeutic candidates, and the need for highly efficient trial and development designs. This paper presents design ... ...

    Abstract Background: The COVID-19 pandemic presents challenges for clinical trials including urgency, disrupted infrastructure, numerous therapeutic candidates, and the need for highly efficient trial and development designs. This paper presents design components and rationale for constructing highly efficient trials to screen potential COVID-19 treatments.
    Methods: Key trial design elements useful in this circumstance include futility hypotheses, treatment pooling, reciprocal controls, ranking and selection, and platform administration. Assuming most of the many candidates for COVID-19 treatment are likely to be ineffective, these components can be combined to facilitate very efficient comparisons of treatments.
    Results: Simulations indicate such designs can reliably discard underperforming treatments using sample size to treatment ratios under 30.
    Conclusions: Methods to create very efficient clinical trial comparisons of treatments for COVID-19 are available. Such designs might be helpful in the pandemic and should be considered for similar needs in the future.
    MeSH term(s) Betacoronavirus ; COVID-19 ; Clinical Trials as Topic/methods ; Coronavirus Infections/epidemiology ; Coronavirus Infections/therapy ; Delivery of Health Care/methods ; Humans ; Pandemics ; Pneumonia, Viral/epidemiology ; Pneumonia, Viral/therapy ; SARS-CoV-2
    Keywords covid19
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-07-15
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2138796-5
    ISSN 1740-7753 ; 1740-7745
    ISSN (online) 1740-7753
    ISSN 1740-7745
    DOI 10.1177/1740774520940227
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  7. Article ; Online: Limited information-processing capacity in vision explains number psychophysics.

    Cheyette, Samuel J / Wu, Shengyi / Piantadosi, Steven T

    Psychological review

    2024  

    Abstract: Humans and other animals are able to perceive and represent a number of objects present in a scene, a core cognitive ability thought to underlie the development of mathematics. However, the perceptual mechanisms that underpin this capacity remain poorly ... ...

    Abstract Humans and other animals are able to perceive and represent a number of objects present in a scene, a core cognitive ability thought to underlie the development of mathematics. However, the perceptual mechanisms that underpin this capacity remain poorly understood. Here, we show that our visual sense of number derives from a visual system designed to efficiently encode the location of objects in scenes. Using a mathematical model, we demonstrate that an efficient but information-limited encoding of objects' locations can explain many key aspects of number psychophysics, including subitizing, Weber's law, underestimation, and effects of exposure time. In two experiments (
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-04-22
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 209907-x
    ISSN 1939-1471 ; 0033-295X
    ISSN (online) 1939-1471
    ISSN 0033-295X
    DOI 10.1037/rev0000478
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  8. Book: Clinical trials

    Piantadosi, Steven

    a methodologic perspective

    (Wiley series in probability and statistics)

    2005  

    Author's details Steven Piantadosi
    Series title Wiley series in probability and statistics
    Keywords Biomedical Research / methods ; Research / methods ; Clinical Trials / methods ; Statistics / methods ; Clinical trials/Statistical methods
    Subject code 610.72
    Language English
    Size XXVII, 687 S. : Ill., graph. Darst., 26cm
    Edition 2. ed.
    Publisher Wiley-Interscience
    Publishing place Hoboken, NJ
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Book
    Note Includes bibliographical references (p. 613-658 ) and indexes. - Formerly CIP
    HBZ-ID HT014705114
    ISBN 978-0-471-72781-1 ; 0-471-72781-4
    Database Catalogue ZB MED Medicine, Health

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    Shelf markLoan statusLocation
    2006 A 4369 order for loan Magazin

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  9. Article: The computational origin of representation.

    Piantadosi, Steven T

    Minds and machines

    2020  Volume 31, Page(s) 1–58

    Abstract: Each of our theories of mental representation provides some insight into how the mind works. However, these insights often seem incompatible, as the debates between symbolic, dynamical, emergentist, sub-symbolic, and grounded approaches to cognition ... ...

    Abstract Each of our theories of mental representation provides some insight into how the mind works. However, these insights often seem incompatible, as the debates between symbolic, dynamical, emergentist, sub-symbolic, and grounded approaches to cognition attest. Mental representations-whatever they are-must share many features with each of our theories of representation, and yet there are few hypotheses about how a synthesis could be possible. Here, I develop a theory of the underpinnings of symbolic cognition that shows how sub-symbolic dynamics may give rise to higher-level cognitive representations of structures, systems of knowledge, and algorithmic processes. This theory implements a version of conceptual role semantics by positing an internal universal representation language in which learners may create mental models to capture dynamics they observe in the world. The theory formalizes one account of how truly novel conceptual content may arise, allowing us to explain how even elementary logical and computational operations may be learned from a more primitive basis. I provide an implementation that learns to represent a variety of structures, including logic, number, kinship trees, regular languages, context-free languages, domains of theories like magnetism, dominance hierarchies, list structures, quantification, and computational primitives like repetition, reversal, and recursion. This account is based on simple discrete dynamical processes that could be implemented in a variety of different physical or biological systems. In particular, I describe how the required dynamics can be directly implemented in a connectionist framework. The resulting theory provides an "assembly language" for cognition, where high-level theories of symbolic computation can be implemented in simple dynamics that themselves could be encoded in biologically plausible systems.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-11-03
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1475531-2
    ISSN 1572-8641 ; 0924-6495
    ISSN (online) 1572-8641
    ISSN 0924-6495
    DOI 10.1007/s11023-020-09540-9
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  10. Article ; Online: Reply to Murphy and Leivada: Program induction can learn language.

    Piantadosi, Steven T / Yang, Yuan

    Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

    2022  Volume 119, Issue 23, Page(s) e2202925119

    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Language ; Language Development ; Learning
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-06-01
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Letter ; Comment
    ZDB-ID 209104-5
    ISSN 1091-6490 ; 0027-8424
    ISSN (online) 1091-6490
    ISSN 0027-8424
    DOI 10.1073/pnas.2202925119
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