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  1. Article ; Online: Silent battles: immune responses in asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection.

    Le Bert, Nina / Samandari, Taraz

    Cellular & molecular immunology

    2024  Volume 21, Issue 2, Page(s) 159–170

    Abstract: SARS-CoV-2 infections manifest with a broad spectrum of presentations, ranging from asymptomatic infections to severe pneumonia and fatal outcomes. This review centers on asymptomatic infections, a widely reported phenomenon that has substantially ... ...

    Abstract SARS-CoV-2 infections manifest with a broad spectrum of presentations, ranging from asymptomatic infections to severe pneumonia and fatal outcomes. This review centers on asymptomatic infections, a widely reported phenomenon that has substantially contributed to the rapid spread of the pandemic. In such asymptomatic infections, we focus on the role of innate, humoral, and cellular immunity. Notably, asymptomatic infections are characterized by an early and robust innate immune response, particularly a swift type 1 IFN reaction, alongside a rapid and broad induction of SARS-CoV-2-specific T cells. Often, antibody levels tend to be lower or undetectable after asymptomatic infections, suggesting that the rapid control of viral replication by innate and cellular responses might impede the full triggering of humoral immunity. Even if antibody levels are present in the early convalescent phase, they wane rapidly below serological detection limits, particularly following asymptomatic infection. Consequently, prevalence studies reliant solely on serological assays likely underestimate the extent of community exposure to the virus.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; COVID-19 ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Asymptomatic Infections ; Antibodies, Viral ; Immunity, Innate
    Chemical Substances Antibodies, Viral
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-15
    Publishing country China
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2435097-7
    ISSN 2042-0226 ; 1672-7681
    ISSN (online) 2042-0226
    ISSN 1672-7681
    DOI 10.1038/s41423-024-01127-z
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Enolase: a metabolic checkpoint behind diverse exhaustion stages of CD8+ T cells in chronic HBV and HCV.

    Le Bert, Nina / Fisicaro, Paola

    Gut

    2023  Volume 72, Issue 10, Page(s) 1814–1815

    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Phosphopyruvate Hydratase ; Hepatitis B, Chronic ; T-Lymphocytes ; Hepatitis C
    Chemical Substances Phosphopyruvate Hydratase (EC 4.2.1.11)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-09-06
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Comment
    ZDB-ID 80128-8
    ISSN 1468-3288 ; 0017-5749
    ISSN (online) 1468-3288
    ISSN 0017-5749
    DOI 10.1136/gutjnl-2023-330541
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    Zs.A 160: Show issues Location:
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  3. Article ; Online: Quest for immunological biomarkers in the management of CHB patients.

    Bertoletti, Antonio / Le Bert, Nina

    Gut

    2023  Volume 72, Issue 11, Page(s) 2012–2014

    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Biomarkers ; Hepatitis B virus/genetics ; DNA, Viral ; Hepatitis B Surface Antigens ; Hepatitis B e Antigens ; Antiviral Agents
    Chemical Substances Biomarkers ; DNA, Viral ; Hepatitis B Surface Antigens ; Hepatitis B e Antigens ; Antiviral Agents
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-03-15
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Comment
    ZDB-ID 80128-8
    ISSN 1468-3288 ; 0017-5749
    ISSN (online) 1468-3288
    ISSN 0017-5749
    DOI 10.1136/gutjnl-2023-329437
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  4. Article ; Online: Act Early and at the Right Location: SARS-CoV-2 T Cell Kinetics and Tissue Localization.

    Bertoletti, Antonio / Le Bert, Nina / Tan, Anthony T

    International journal of molecular sciences

    2022  Volume 23, Issue 18

    Abstract: The emergence of new SARS-CoV-2 lineages able to escape antibodies elicited by infection or vaccination based on the Spike protein of the Wuhan isolates has reduced the ability of Spike-specific antibodies to protect previously infected or vaccinated ... ...

    Abstract The emergence of new SARS-CoV-2 lineages able to escape antibodies elicited by infection or vaccination based on the Spike protein of the Wuhan isolates has reduced the ability of Spike-specific antibodies to protect previously infected or vaccinated individuals from infection. Therefore, the role played by T cells in the containment of viral replication and spread after infection has taken a more central stage. In this brief review, we will discuss the role played by T cells in the protection from COVID-19, with a particular emphasis on the kinetics of the T cell response and its localization at the site of primary infection.
    MeSH term(s) Antibodies, Neutralizing ; Antibodies, Viral ; COVID-19 ; Humans ; Kinetics ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus ; T-Lymphocytes ; Vaccination
    Chemical Substances Antibodies, Neutralizing ; Antibodies, Viral ; Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus ; spike protein, SARS-CoV-2
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-09-14
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2019364-6
    ISSN 1422-0067 ; 1422-0067 ; 1661-6596
    ISSN (online) 1422-0067
    ISSN 1422-0067 ; 1661-6596
    DOI 10.3390/ijms231810679
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  5. Article ; Online: SARS-CoV-2-specific T cells in the changing landscape of the COVID-19 pandemic.

    Bertoletti, Antonio / Le Bert, Nina / Tan, Anthony T

    Immunity

    2022  Volume 55, Issue 10, Page(s) 1764–1778

    Abstract: Since the onset of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, multiple severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variants with increasing ability to evade neutralizing antibodies have emerged. Thus, earlier interest in defining ... ...

    Abstract Since the onset of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, multiple severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variants with increasing ability to evade neutralizing antibodies have emerged. Thus, earlier interest in defining the correlates of protection from infection, mainly mediated by humoral immunity, has shifted to correlates of protection from disease, which require a more comprehensive analysis of both humoral and cellular immunity. In this review, we summarized the evidence that supports the role of SARS-CoV-2-specific T cells induced by infection, by vaccination or by their combination (defined as hybrid immunity) in disease protection. We then analyzed the different epidemiological and virological variables that can modify the magnitude, function, and anatomical localization of SARS-CoV-2-specific T cells and their influence in the possible ability of T cells to protect the host from severe COVID-19 development.
    MeSH term(s) Antibodies, Neutralizing ; Antibodies, Viral ; COVID-19 ; Humans ; Immunity, Humoral ; Pandemics ; SARS-CoV-2 ; T-Lymphocytes ; Vaccination
    Chemical Substances Antibodies, Neutralizing ; Antibodies, Viral
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-08-18
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Review ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 1217235-2
    ISSN 1097-4180 ; 1074-7613
    ISSN (online) 1097-4180
    ISSN 1074-7613
    DOI 10.1016/j.immuni.2022.08.008
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  6. Article ; Online: Difference in sensitivity between SARS-CoV-2-specific T cell assays in patients with underlying conditions. Reply.

    Tan, Anthony T / Le Bert, Nina / Bertoletti, Antonio

    The Journal of clinical investigation

    2021  Volume 131, Issue 24

    MeSH term(s) Antibodies, Viral ; COVID-19 ; Humans ; Immunity, Humoral ; SARS-CoV-2 ; T-Lymphocytes
    Chemical Substances Antibodies, Viral
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-09-20
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Letter ; Comment
    ZDB-ID 3067-3
    ISSN 1558-8238 ; 0021-9738
    ISSN (online) 1558-8238
    ISSN 0021-9738
    DOI 10.1172/JCI155701
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  7. Article ; Online: Fine-Tuning TLR-7-Based Therapy for Functional HBV Cure.

    Bertoletti, Antonio / Le Bert, Nina

    Hepatology communications

    2019  Volume 3, Issue 10, Page(s) 1289–1292

    Abstract: This is an invited editorial on the editorial on the original manuscript HEP4-19-0099.R1" "Liver-targeted TLR7 agonist combined with Entecavir promotes a functional cure in the woodchuck model of chronic HBV." ...

    Abstract This is an invited editorial on the editorial on the original manuscript HEP4-19-0099.R1" "Liver-targeted TLR7 agonist combined with Entecavir promotes a functional cure in the woodchuck model of chronic HBV."
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-10-01
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Editorial
    ISSN 2471-254X
    ISSN (online) 2471-254X
    DOI 10.1002/hep4.1420
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  8. Article ; Online: The T-cell response to SARS-CoV-2: kinetic and quantitative aspects and the case for their protective role.

    Bertoletti, Antonio / Tan, Anthony T / Le Bert, Nina

    Oxford open immunology

    2021  Volume 2, Issue 1, Page(s) iqab006

    Abstract: Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), the etiological agent of Coronavirus Diseases 2019 (COVID-19), triggers an adaptive immunity in the infected host that results in the production of virus-specific antibodies and T cells. ... ...

    Abstract Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), the etiological agent of Coronavirus Diseases 2019 (COVID-19), triggers an adaptive immunity in the infected host that results in the production of virus-specific antibodies and T cells. Although kinetic and quantitative aspects of antibodies have been analyzed in large patient cohorts, similar information about SARS-CoV-2-specific T cells are scarce. We summarize the available knowledge of quantitative and temporal features of the SARS-CoV-2 T-cell response in this review. Currently, most of the data are derived only from the analysis of the circulatory compartment. Despite this limitation, early appearance, multi-specificity and functionality of SARS-CoV-2-specific T cells are associated with accelerated viral clearance and with protection from severe COVID-19.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-02-23
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ISSN 2633-6960
    ISSN (online) 2633-6960
    DOI 10.1093/oxfimm/iqab006
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  9. Article ; Online: Major open questions in the hepatitis B and D field - Proceedings of the inaugural International emerging hepatitis B and hepatitis D researchers workshop.

    Tu, Thomas / Wettengel, Jochen / Xia, Yuchen / Testoni, Barbara / Littlejohn, Margaret / Le Bert, Nina / Ebert, Gregor / Verrier, Eloi R / Tavis, John E / Cohen, Chari

    Virology

    2024  Volume 595, Page(s) 110089

    Abstract: The early and mid-career researchers (EMCRs) of scientific communities represent the forefront of research and the future direction in which a field takes. The opinions of this key demographic are not commonly aggregated to audit fields and precisely ... ...

    Abstract The early and mid-career researchers (EMCRs) of scientific communities represent the forefront of research and the future direction in which a field takes. The opinions of this key demographic are not commonly aggregated to audit fields and precisely demonstrate where challenges lie for the future. To address this, we initiated the inaugural International Emerging Researchers Workshop for the global Hepatitis B and Hepatitis D scientific community (75 individuals). The cohort was split into small discussion groups and the significant problems, challenges, and future directions were assessed. Here, we summarise the outcome of these discussions and outline the future directions suggested by the EMCR community. We show an effective approach to gauging and accumulating the ideas of EMCRs and provide a succinct summary of the significant gaps remaining in the Hepatitis B and Hepatitis D field.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-04-16
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 200425-2
    ISSN 1096-0341 ; 0042-6822
    ISSN (online) 1096-0341
    ISSN 0042-6822
    DOI 10.1016/j.virol.2024.110089
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  10. Article ; Online: SARS-CoV-2-specific T cells in infection and vaccination.

    Bertoletti, Antonio / Le Bert, Nina / Qui, Martin / Tan, Anthony T

    Cellular & molecular immunology

    2021  Volume 18, Issue 10, Page(s) 2307–2312

    Abstract: During viral infections, antibodies and T cells act together to prevent pathogen spread and remove virus-infected cells. Virus-specific adaptive immunity can, however, also trigger pathological processes characterized by localized or systemic ... ...

    Abstract During viral infections, antibodies and T cells act together to prevent pathogen spread and remove virus-infected cells. Virus-specific adaptive immunity can, however, also trigger pathological processes characterized by localized or systemic inflammatory events. The protective and/or pathological role of virus-specific T cells in SARS-CoV-2 infection has been the focus of many studies in COVID-19 patients and in vaccinated individuals. Here, we review the works that have elucidated the function of SARS-CoV-2-specific T cells in patients and in vaccinated individuals. Understanding whether SARS-CoV-2-specific T cells are more linked to protection or pathogenesis is pivotal to define future therapeutic and prophylactic strategies to manage the current pandemic.
    MeSH term(s) COVID-19/immunology ; COVID-19/metabolism ; COVID-19/prevention & control ; COVID-19/virology ; COVID-19 Vaccines/immunology ; Humans ; SARS-CoV-2/physiology ; Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/metabolism ; T-Lymphocytes/immunology
    Chemical Substances COVID-19 Vaccines ; Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-09-01
    Publishing country China
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2435097-7
    ISSN 2042-0226 ; 1672-7681
    ISSN (online) 2042-0226
    ISSN 1672-7681
    DOI 10.1038/s41423-021-00743-3
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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