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  1. Article ; Online: Development of an Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay for the Detection of GM Proteins in Transgenic Crops/Produce.

    Kamle, Suchitra / Li, Dawei / Ojha, Abhishek / Kumar, Arvind

    Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.)

    2018  Volume 1902, Page(s) 159–166

    Abstract: Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays are always being used extensively for the identification of genetically modified protein in transgenic crops/produce. With the advancement in the detection strategies, competitive and sandwich immunoassays are more ... ...

    Abstract Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays are always being used extensively for the identification of genetically modified protein in transgenic crops/produce. With the advancement in the detection strategies, competitive and sandwich immunoassays are more convenient and sensitive for the GM protein detection and its quantification in transgenic crops. This chapter is focusing on the competitive ELISA including sandwich ELISA for the detection of the GM proteins.
    MeSH term(s) Antibodies ; Antigens/immunology ; Crops, Agricultural ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay/methods ; Gene Expression ; Plant Leaves/metabolism ; Plant Proteins/genetics ; Plant Proteins/isolation & purification ; Plants, Genetically Modified ; Seeds/metabolism
    Chemical Substances Antibodies ; Antigens ; Plant Proteins
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-12-12
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 1940-6029
    ISSN (online) 1940-6029
    DOI 10.1007/978-1-4939-8952-2_12
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article: Targeting Chitinase 1 and Chitinase 3-Like 1 as Novel Therapeutic Strategy of Pulmonary Fibrosis.

    Lee, Suh-Young / Lee, Chang-Min / Ma, Bing / Kamle, Suchitra / Elias, Jack A / Zhou, Yang / Lee, Chun Geun

    Frontiers in pharmacology

    2022  Volume 13, Page(s) 826471

    Abstract: Chitinase 1 (CHIT1) and chitinase 3-like-1 (CHI3L1), two representative members of 18-Glycosyl hydrolases family, are significantly implicated in the pathogenesis of various human diseases characterized by inflammation and remodeling. Notably, ... ...

    Abstract Chitinase 1 (CHIT1) and chitinase 3-like-1 (CHI3L1), two representative members of 18-Glycosyl hydrolases family, are significantly implicated in the pathogenesis of various human diseases characterized by inflammation and remodeling. Notably, dysregulated expression of CHIT1 and CHI3L1 was noted in the patients with pulmonary fibrosis and their levels were inversely correlated with clinical outcome of the patients. CHIT1 and CHI3L1, mainly expressed in alveolar macrophages, regulate profibrotic macrophage activation, fibroblast proliferation and myofibroblast transformation, and TGF-β signaling and effector function. Although the mechanism or the pathways that CHIT1 and CHI3L1 use to regulate pulmonary fibrosis have not been fully understood yet, these studies identify CHIT1 and CHI3L1 as significant modulators of fibroproliferative responses leading to persistent and progressive pulmonary fibrosis. These studies suggest a possibility that CHIT1 and CHI3L1 could be reasonable therapeutic targets to intervene or reverse established pulmonary fibrosis. In this review, we will discuss specific roles and regulatory mechanisms of CHIT1 and CHI3L1 in profibrotic cell and tissue responses as novel therapeutic targets of pulmonary fibrosis.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-03-17
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2587355-6
    ISSN 1663-9812
    ISSN 1663-9812
    DOI 10.3389/fphar.2022.826471
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: CHI3L1 enhances melanoma lung metastasis

    Ma, Bing / Kamle, Suchitra / Akosman, Bedia / Khan, Hina / Lee, Chang-Min / Lee, Chun Geun / Elias, Jack A

    Frontiers in immunology

    2022  Volume 13, Page(s) 1056397

    Abstract: ICOS/ICOSL and CD28/B7-1/B7-2 are T cell co-stimulators and CTLA-4 is an immune checkpoint inhibitor that play critical roles in the pathogenesis of neoplasia. Chitinase 3-like-1 (CHI3L1) is induced in many cancers where it portends a poor prognosis and ... ...

    Abstract ICOS/ICOSL and CD28/B7-1/B7-2 are T cell co-stimulators and CTLA-4 is an immune checkpoint inhibitor that play critical roles in the pathogenesis of neoplasia. Chitinase 3-like-1 (CHI3L1) is induced in many cancers where it portends a poor prognosis and contributes to tumor metastasis. Here we demonstrate that CHI3L1 inhibits the expression of ICOS, ICOSL and CD28 while stimulating CTLA-4 and the B7 moieties in melanoma lung metastasis. We also demonstrate that RIG-like helicase innate immune activation augments T cell co-stimulation, inhibits CTLA-4 and suppresses pulmonary metastasis. At least additive antitumor responses were seen in melanoma lung metastasis treated with anti-CTLA-4 and anti-CHI3L1 antibodies in combination. Synergistic cytotoxic T cell-induced tumor cell death and the heightened induction of the tumor suppressor PTEN were seen in co-cultures of T and tumor cells treated with bispecific antibodies that target both CHI3L1 and CTLA-4. Thus, CHI3L1 contributes to pulmonary metastasis by inhibiting T cell co-stimulation and stimulating CTLA-4. The simultaneous targeting of CHI3L1 and the CTLA-4 axis with individual and, more powerfully with bispecific antibodies, represent promising therapeutic strategies for pulmonary metastasis.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; CD28 Antigens ; Antigens, CD ; Antibodies, Bispecific ; Melanoma/metabolism ; Lung Neoplasms ; Chitinase-3-Like Protein 1
    Chemical Substances CD28 Antigens ; Antigens, CD ; Antibodies, Bispecific ; CHI3L1 protein, human ; Chitinase-3-Like Protein 1
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-12-21
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ZDB-ID 2606827-8
    ISSN 1664-3224 ; 1664-3224
    ISSN (online) 1664-3224
    ISSN 1664-3224
    DOI 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1056397
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Host chitinase 3-like-1 is a universal therapeutic target for SARS-CoV-2 viral variants in COVID-19.

    Kamle, Suchitra / Ma, Bing / Lee, Chang Min / Schor, Gail / Zhou, Yang / Lee, Chun Geun / Elias, Jack A

    eLife

    2022  Volume 11

    Abstract: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is the disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2; SC2), which has caused a worldwide pandemic with striking morbidity and mortality. Evaluation of SC2 strains demonstrated impressive ...

    Abstract Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is the disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2; SC2), which has caused a worldwide pandemic with striking morbidity and mortality. Evaluation of SC2 strains demonstrated impressive genetic variability, and many of these viral variants are now defined as variants of concern (VOC) that cause enhanced transmissibility, decreased susceptibility to antibody neutralization or therapeutics, and/or the ability to induce severe disease. Currently, the delta (δ) and omicron (ο) variants are particularly problematic based on their impressive and unprecedented transmissibility and ability to cause breakthrough infections. The delta variant also accumulates at high concentrations in host tissues and has caused waves of lethal disease. Because studies from our laboratory have demonstrated that chitinase 3-like-1 (CHI3L1) stimulates ACE2 and Spike (S) priming proteases that mediate SC2 infection, studies were undertaken to determine if interventions that target CHI3L1 are effective inhibitors of SC2 viral variant infection. Here, we demonstrate that CHI3L1 augments epithelial cell infection by pseudoviruses that express the alpha, beta, gamma, delta, or omicron S proteins and that the CHI3L1 inhibitors anti-CHI3L1 and kasugamycin inhibit epithelial cell infection by these VOC pseudovirus moieties. Thus, CHI3L1 is a universal, VOC-independent therapeutic target in COVID-19.
    MeSH term(s) Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 ; COVID-19/drug therapy ; Chitinases/genetics ; Humans ; Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A/metabolism ; SARS-CoV-2/genetics ; Virus Internalization
    Chemical Substances Chitinases (EC 3.2.1.14) ; Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A (EC 3.4.15.1) ; Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 (EC 3.4.17.23)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-06-23
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ZDB-ID 2687154-3
    ISSN 2050-084X ; 2050-084X
    ISSN (online) 2050-084X
    ISSN 2050-084X
    DOI 10.7554/eLife.78273
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article: Host Chitinase 3-like-1 is a Universal Therapeutic Target for SARS-CoV-2 Viral Variants in COVID 19.

    Kamle, Suchitra / Ma, Bing / Lee, Chang Min / Schor, Gail / Zhou, Yang / Lee, Chun Geun / Elias, Jack A

    bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology

    2022  

    Abstract: COVID 19 is the disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2; SC2) which has caused a world-wide pandemic with striking morbidity and mortality. Evaluation of SC2 strains demonstrated impressive genetic variability and ... ...

    Abstract COVID 19 is the disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2; SC2) which has caused a world-wide pandemic with striking morbidity and mortality. Evaluation of SC2 strains demonstrated impressive genetic variability and many of these viral variants are now defined as variants of concern (VOC) that cause enhanced transmissibility, decreased susceptibility to antibody neutralization or therapeutics and or the ability to induce severe disease. Currently, the delta (δ) and omicron (o) variants are particularly problematic based on their impressive and unprecedented transmissibility and ability to cause break through infections. The delta variant also accumulates at high concentrations in host tissues and has caused waves of lethal disease. Because studies from our laboratory have demonstrated that chitinase 3-like-1 (CHI3L1) stimulates ACE2 and Spike (S) priming proteases that mediate SC2 infection, studies were undertaken to determine if interventions that target CHI3L1 are effective inhibitors of SC2 viral variant infection. Here we demonstrate that CHI3L1 augments epithelial cell infection by pseudoviruses that express the alpha, beta, gamma, delta or omicron S proteins and that the CHI3L1 inhibitors anti-CHI3L1 and kasugamycin inhibit epithelial cell infection by these VOC pseudovirus moieties. Thus, CHI3L1 is a universal, VOC-independent therapeutic target in COVID 19.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-02-26
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Preprint
    DOI 10.1101/2022.01.21.477274
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: Chi3l1 Is a Modulator of Glioma Stem Cell States and a Therapeutic Target in Glioblastoma.

    Guetta-Terrier, Charlotte / Karambizi, David / Akosman, Bedia / Zepecki, John P / Chen, Jia-Shu / Kamle, Suchitra / Fajardo, J Eduardo / Fiser, Andras / Singh, Ritambhara / Toms, Steven A / Lee, Chun Geun / Elias, Jack A / Tapinos, Nikos

    Cancer research

    2023  Volume 83, Issue 12, Page(s) 1984–1999

    Abstract: Chitinase 3-like 1 (Chi3l1) is a secreted protein that is highly expressed in glioblastoma. Here, we show that Chi3l1 alters the state of glioma stem cells (GSC) to support tumor growth. Exposure of patient-derived GSCs to Chi3l1 reduced the frequency of ...

    Abstract Chitinase 3-like 1 (Chi3l1) is a secreted protein that is highly expressed in glioblastoma. Here, we show that Chi3l1 alters the state of glioma stem cells (GSC) to support tumor growth. Exposure of patient-derived GSCs to Chi3l1 reduced the frequency of CD133+SOX2+ cells and increased the CD44+Chi3l1+ cells. Chi3l1 bound to CD44 and induced phosphorylation and nuclear translocation of β-catenin, Akt, and STAT3. Single-cell RNA sequencing and RNA velocity following incubation of GSCs with Chi3l1 showed significant changes in GSC state dynamics driving GSCs towards a mesenchymal expression profile and reducing transition probabilities towards terminal cellular states. ATAC-seq revealed that Chi3l1 increases accessibility of promoters containing a Myc-associated zinc finger protein (MAZ) transcription factor footprint. Inhibition of MAZ downregulated a set of genes with high expression in cellular clusters that exhibit significant cell state transitions after treatment with Chi3l1, and MAZ deficiency rescued the Chi3L-induced increase of GSC self-renewal. Finally, targeting Chi3l1 in vivo with a blocking antibody inhibited tumor growth and increased the probability of survival. Overall, this work suggests that Chi3l1 interacts with CD44 on the surface of GSCs to induce Akt/β-catenin signaling and MAZ transcriptional activity, which in turn upregulates CD44 expression in a pro-mesenchymal feed-forward loop. The role of Chi3l1 in regulating cellular plasticity confers a targetable vulnerability to glioblastoma.
    Significance: Chi3l1 is a modulator of glioma stem cell states that can be targeted to promote differentiation and suppress growth of glioblastoma.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Glioblastoma/pathology ; beta Catenin/metabolism ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt/metabolism ; Neoplastic Stem Cells/pathology ; Glioma/metabolism ; Brain Neoplasms/pathology ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Proliferation
    Chemical Substances beta Catenin ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt (EC 2.7.11.1)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-04-25
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 1432-1
    ISSN 1538-7445 ; 0008-5472
    ISSN (online) 1538-7445
    ISSN 0008-5472
    DOI 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-21-3629
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article ; Online: The tumor-derived cytokine Chi3l1 induces neutrophil extracellular traps that promote T cell exclusion in triple-negative breast cancer.

    Taifour, Tarek / Attalla, Sherif Samer / Zuo, Dongmei / Gu, Yu / Sanguin-Gendreau, Virginie / Proud, Hailey / Solymoss, Emilie / Bui, Tung / Kuasne, Hellen / Papavasiliou, Vasilios / Lee, Chun Geun / Kamle, Suchitra / Siegel, Peter M / Elias, Jack A / Park, Morag / Muller, William J

    Immunity

    2023  Volume 56, Issue 12, Page(s) 2755–2772.e8

    Abstract: In triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), stromal restriction of ... ...

    Abstract In triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), stromal restriction of CD8
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Humans ; Mice ; CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cytokines ; Extracellular Traps/metabolism ; Triple Negative Breast Neoplasms/metabolism ; Triple Negative Breast Neoplasms/pathology ; Tumor Microenvironment
    Chemical Substances Cytokines ; CHI3L1 protein, human ; Chil1 protein, mouse
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-11-30
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1217235-2
    ISSN 1097-4180 ; 1074-7613
    ISSN (online) 1097-4180
    ISSN 1074-7613
    DOI 10.1016/j.immuni.2023.11.002
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article ; Online: Host Chitinase 3-like-1 is a Universal Therapeutic Target for the Delta, Omicron and Other SARS-CoV-2 Viral Variants in COVID 19

    Kamle, Suchitra / Ma, Bing / Lee, Chang Min / Schor, Gail / Lee, Chun Geun / Elias, Jack A.

    bioRxiv

    Abstract: COVID 19 is the disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2; SC2) which has caused a world-wide pandemic with striking morbidity and mortality. Evaluation of early SC2 strains suggested limited viral genetic diversity. ... ...

    Abstract COVID 19 is the disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2; SC2) which has caused a world-wide pandemic with striking morbidity and mortality. Evaluation of early SC2 strains suggested limited viral genetic diversity. However, genetic and epidemiologic investigations in the interim have revealed impressive genetic variability. Many of these viral variants are now defined as variants of concern (VOC) based on genetic alterations in their spike (S) and other proteins that cause enhanced transmissibility, decreased susceptibility to antibody neutralization or therapeutics and or their ability to induce severe disease. The delta δ and omicron (o) variants are particularly problematic based on their impressive and unprecedented transmissibility and ability to cause break through infections. The delta variant also accumulates at high concentrations in host tissues and has caused waves of lethal disease. SC2 infection is mediated by S protein binding to cellular ACE2 receptors and subsequent S protein protease processing. Because studies from our laboratory have demonstrated that chitinase 3-like-1 (CHI3L1) stimulates ACE2 and S priming proteases, studies were undertaken to determine if interventions that target CHI3L1 are effective inhibitors of SC2 viral variant infection. Here we demonstrate that CHI3L1 augments epithelial cell infection by pseudoviruses that express the alpha, beta, gamma, delta or omicron S proteins and that the CHI3L1 inhibitors anti-CHI3L1 and kasugamycin inhibit epithelial cell infection by these VOC pseudovirus moieties. Thus, CHI3L1 is a universal, VOC-independent therapeutic target in COVID 19.
    Keywords covid19
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-01-24
    Publisher Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory
    Document type Article ; Online
    DOI 10.1101/2022.01.21.477274
    Database COVID19

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  9. Article ; Online: Correction: Chitinase 1 regulates pulmonary fibrosis by modulating TGF-β/SMAD7 pathway via TGFBRAP1 and FOXO3.

    Lee, Chang-Min / He, Chuan-Hua / Park, Jin Wook / Lee, Jae Hyun / Kamle, Suchitra / Ma, Bing / Akosman, Bedia / Cotez, Roberto / Chen, Emily / Zhou, Yang / Herzog, Erica L / Ryu, Changwan / Peng, Xueyan / Rosas, Ivan O / Poli, Sergio / Bostwick, Carol Feghali / Choi, Augustine M / Elias, Jack A / Lee, Chun Geun

    Life science alliance

    2023  Volume 6, Issue 5

    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-04-10
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Published Erratum
    ISSN 2575-1077
    ISSN (online) 2575-1077
    DOI 10.26508/lsa.202302065
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article ; Online: CHI3L1 regulates PD-L1 and anti-CHI3L1-PD-1 antibody elicits synergistic antitumor responses.

    Ma, Bing / Akosman, Bedia / Kamle, Suchitra / Lee, Chang-Min / He, Chuan Hua / Koo, Ja Seok / Lee, Chun Geun / Elias, Jack A

    The Journal of clinical investigation

    2021  Volume 131, Issue 21

    Abstract: Evasion of the immune response is a hallmark of cancer, and programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) and PD-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1) are major mediators of this immunosuppression. Chitinase 3-like 1 (CHI3L1) is induced in many cancers, where it portends a poor prognosis ...

    Abstract Evasion of the immune response is a hallmark of cancer, and programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) and PD-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1) are major mediators of this immunosuppression. Chitinase 3-like 1 (CHI3L1) is induced in many cancers, where it portends a poor prognosis and contributes to tumor metastasis and spread. However, the mechanism(s) that CHI3L1 uses in metastasis have not been defined. Here we demonstrate that CHI3L1 regulates the expression of PD-L1, PD-L2, PD-1, LAG3, and TIM3 and plays a critical role in melanoma progression and lymphatic spread. CHI3L1 also contributed to IFN-γ-stimulated macrophage PD-L1 expression, and RIG-like helicase innate immunity suppressed CHI3L1, PD-L1, and melanoma progression. Individual antibodies against CHI3L1 or PD-1 had discrete antitumor effects and additive antitumor responses in metastasis models and T cell-tumor cell cocultures when administered simultaneously. Synergistic cytotoxic tumor cell death was seen in T cell-tumor cell cocultures, and significantly enhanced antitumor responses were seen in in vivo tumor models treated with bispecific antibodies that simultaneously target CHI3L1 and PD-1. CHI3L1 contributes to tumor progression by stimulating the PD-1/PD-L1 axis and other checkpoint molecules. The simultaneous targeting of CHI3L1 and the PD-1/PD-L1 axis with individual and, more powerfully, with bispecific antibodies represents a promising therapy for pulmonary metastasis and progression.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Antibodies, Bispecific/immunology ; Antibodies, Bispecific/pharmacology ; Antibodies, Neoplasm/immunology ; Antibodies, Neoplasm/pharmacology ; B7-H1 Antigen/antagonists & inhibitors ; B7-H1 Antigen/immunology ; Chitinase-3-Like Protein 1/antagonists & inhibitors ; Chitinase-3-Like Protein 1/immunology ; Lung Neoplasms/immunology ; Lung Neoplasms/pathology ; Lung Neoplasms/prevention & control ; Lung Neoplasms/secondary ; Melanoma, Experimental/drug therapy ; Melanoma, Experimental/immunology ; Melanoma, Experimental/pathology ; Mice ; Mice, Knockout ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Neoplasm Proteins/antagonists & inhibitors ; Neoplasm Proteins/immunology
    Chemical Substances Antibodies, Bispecific ; Antibodies, Neoplasm ; B7-H1 Antigen ; Cd274 protein, mouse ; Chil1 protein, mouse ; Chitinase-3-Like Protein 1 ; Neoplasm Proteins
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-10-30
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. ; Video-Audio Media
    ZDB-ID 3067-3
    ISSN 1558-8238 ; 0021-9738
    ISSN (online) 1558-8238
    ISSN 0021-9738
    DOI 10.1172/JCI137750
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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