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Article: Ultraviolet dosage and decontamination efficacy were widely variable across 14 UV devices after testing a dried enveloped ribonucleic acid virus surrogate for SARS-CoV-2.

Buhr, Tony L / Borgers-Klonkowski, Erica / Gutting, Bradford W / Hammer, Emlyn E / Hamilton, Shelia M / Huhman, Brett M / Jackson, Stuart L / Kennihan, Neil L / Lilly, Samuel D / Little, John D / Luck, Brooke B / Matuczinski, Emily A / Miller, Charles T / Sides, Rachel E / Yates, Vanessa L / Young, Alice A

Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology

2022 Volume 10, Page(s) 875817

Abstract: Aims: ...

Abstract	Aims:
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-10-04
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2719493-0
ISSN	2296-4185
ISSN	2296-4185
DOI	10.3389/fbioe.2022.875817
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Biological Validation of a Chemical Effluent Decontamination System.

Cote, Christopher K / Weidner, Jessica M / Klimko, Christopher / Piper, Ashley E / Miller, Jeremy A / Hunter, Melissa / Shoe, Jennifer L / Hoover, Jennifer C / Sauerbry, Brian R / Buhr, Tony / Bozue, Joel A / Harbourt, David E / Glass, Pamela J

Applied biosafety : journal of the American Biological Safety Association

2021 Volume 26, Issue 1, Page(s) 23–32

Abstract: Introduction: ...

Abstract	Introduction:
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-03-19
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2470-1246
ISSN (online)	2470-1246
DOI	10.1089/apb.21.937967
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Ultraviolet Dosage and Decontamination Efficacy was Widely Variable Across 14 UV Devices after Testing a Dried Enveloped Ribonucleic Acid Virus Surrogate for SARS-CoV-2

Buhr, Tony L / Borgers-Klonkowski, Erica / Gutting, Bradford W / Hammer, Emlyn E / Hamilton, Shelia M / Huhman, Brett M / Jackson, Stuart L / Kennihan, Neil L / Lilly, Samuel D / Little, John D / Luck, Brooke B. / Matuczinski, Emily A / Miller, Charles T / Sides, Rachel E / Yates, Vanessa L / Young, Alice A

bioRxiv

Abstract: Aims: The dosages and efficacy of 14 ultraviolet (UV) decontamination technologies were measured against a SARS-CoV-2 surrogate virus that was dried on to different materials for lab and field testing. Methods and Results: A live enveloped, ribonucleic ... ...

Abstract	Aims: The dosages and efficacy of 14 ultraviolet (UV) decontamination technologies were measured against a SARS-CoV-2 surrogate virus that was dried on to different materials for lab and field testing. Methods and Results: A live enveloped, ribonucleic acid virus surrogate for SARS-CoV-2 was dried on stainless steel 304 (SS304), Navy Top Coat-painted SS304 (NTC), cardboard, polyurethane, polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), and acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) at > 8.0 log10 plaque-forming units (PFU) per test coupon. The coupons were then exposed to UV light during both lab and field testing. Commercial and prototype UV-emitting devices were measured for efficacy; 4 handheld devices, 3 room/surface-disinfecting machines, 5 air-disinfection devices, and 2 larger custom-made machines. UV device dosages ranged from 0.01-729 mJ cm-2. Anti-viral efficacy among the different UV devices ranged from no decontamination up to nearly achieving sterilization. Importantly, cardboard required far more dosage than SS304. Conclusions: Enormous variability in dosage and efficacy was measured among the different UV devices. Porous materials limit the utility of UV decontamination. Significance and Impact of the Study: UV devices have wide variability in dosages, efficacy, hazards, and UV output over time indicating that each UV device needs independent technical measurement and assessment for product development, and prior to use.
Keywords	covid19
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-01-27
Publisher	Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory
Document type	Article ; Online
DOI	10.1101/2022.01.27.478063
Database	COVID19

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Article: Hot, Humid Air Decontamination of Aircraft Confirmed That High Temperature and High Humidity Are Critical for Inactivation of Infectious, Enveloped Ribonucleic Acid (RNA) Virus.

Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology

2020 Volume 8, Page(s) 592621

Abstract: Aims: ...

Abstract	Aims:
Keywords	covid19
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-10-23
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2719493-0
ISSN	2296-4185
ISSN	2296-4185
DOI	10.3389/fbioe.2020.592621
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Article: Response surface modeling for hot, humid air decontamination of materials contaminated with Bacillus anthracis ∆Sterne and Bacillus thuringiensis Al Hakam spores.

Prokop, Edward J / Crigler, John R / Wells, Claire M / Young, Alice A / Buhr, Tony L

AMB Express

2014 Volume 4, Page(s) 21

Abstract: Response surface methodology using a face-centered cube design was used to describe and predict spore inactivation of Bacillus anthracis ∆Sterne and Bacillus thuringiensis Al Hakam spores after exposure of six spore-contaminated materials to hot, humid ... ...

Abstract	Response surface methodology using a face-centered cube design was used to describe and predict spore inactivation of Bacillus anthracis ∆Sterne and Bacillus thuringiensis Al Hakam spores after exposure of six spore-contaminated materials to hot, humid air. For each strain/material pair, an attempt was made to fit a first or second order model. All three independent predictor variables (temperature, relative humidity, and time) were significant in the models except that time was not significant for B. thuringiensis Al Hakam on nylon. Modeling was unsuccessful for wiring insulation and wet spores because there was complete spore inactivation in the majority of the experimental space. In cases where a predictive equation could be fit, response surface plots with time set to four days were generated. The survival of highly purified Bacillus spores can be predicted for most materials tested when given the settings for temperature, relative humidity, and time. These predictions were cross-checked with spore inactivation measurements.
Keywords	covid19
Language	English
Publishing date	2014-05-01
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2621432-5
ISSN	2191-0855
ISSN	2191-0855
DOI	10.1186/s13568-014-0021-3
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Article ; Online: Incidence of death or disability at 6 months after extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in Australia: a prospective, multicentre, registry-embedded cohort study.

Hodgson, Carol L / Higgins, Alisa M / Bailey, Michael J / Anderson, Shannah / Bernard, Stephen / Fulcher, Bentley J / Koe, Denise / Linke, Natalie J / Board, Jasmin V / Brodie, Daniel / Buhr, Heidi / Burrell, Aidan J C / Cooper, D James / Fan, Eddy / Fraser, John F / Gattas, David J / Hopper, Ingrid K / Huckson, Sue / Litton, Edward /

McGuinness, Shay P / Nair, Priya / Orford, Neil / Parke, Rachael L / Pellegrino, Vincent A / Pilcher, David V / Sheldrake, Jayne / Reddi, Benjamin A J / Stub, Dion / Trapani, Tony V / Udy, Andrew A / Serpa Neto, Ary

The Lancet. Respiratory medicine

2022 Volume 10, Issue 11, Page(s) 1038–1048

Abstract: Background: Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is an invasive procedure used to support critically ill patients with the most severe forms of cardiac or respiratory failure in the short term, but long-term effects on incidence of death and ... ...

Abstract	Background: Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is an invasive procedure used to support critically ill patients with the most severe forms of cardiac or respiratory failure in the short term, but long-term effects on incidence of death and disability are unknown. We aimed to assess incidence of death or disability associated with ECMO up to 6 months (180 days) after treatment. Methods: This prospective, multicentre, registry-embedded cohort study was done at 23 hospitals in Australia from Feb 15, 2019, to Dec 31, 2020. The EXCEL registry included all adults (≥18 years) in Australia who were admitted to an intensive care unit (ICU) in a participating centre at the time of the study and who underwent ECMO. All patients who received ECMO support for respiratory failure, cardiac failure, or cardiac arrest during their ICU stay were eligible for this study. The primary outcome was death or moderate-to-severe disability (defined using the WHO Disability Assessment Schedule 2.0, 12-item survey) at 6 months after ECMO initiation. We used Fisher's exact test to compare categorical variables. This study is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03793257. Findings: Outcome data were available for 391 (88%) of 442 enrolled patients. The primary outcome of death or moderate-to-severe disability at 6 months was reported in 260 (66%) of 391 patients: 136 (67%) of 202 who received veno-arterial (VA)-ECMO, 60 (54%) of 111 who received veno-venous (VV)-ECMO, and 64 (82%) of 78 who received extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation (eCPR). After adjustment for age, comorbidities, Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE) IV score, days between ICU admission and ECMO start, and use of vasopressors before ECMO, death or moderate-to-severe disability was higher in patients who received eCPR than in those who received VV-ECMO (VV-ECMO vs eCPR: risk difference [RD] -32% [95% CI -49 to -15]; p<0·001) but not VA-ECMO (VA-ECMO vs eCPR -8% [-22 to 6]; p=0·27). Interpretation: In our study, only a third of patients were alive without moderate-to-severe disability at 6 months after initiation of ECMO. The finding that disability was common across all areas of functioning points to the need for long-term, multidisciplinary care and support for surviving patients who have had ECMO. Further studies are needed to understand the 180-day and longer-term prognosis of patients with different diagnoses receiving different modes of ECMO, which could have important implications for the selection of patients for ECMO and management strategies in the ICU. Funding: The National Health and Medical Research Council of Australia.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Humans ; Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation/methods ; Cohort Studies ; Incidence ; Prospective Studies ; Treatment Outcome ; Respiratory Insufficiency/therapy ; Registries ; Retrospective Studies
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-09-26
Publishing country	England
Document type	Multicenter Study ; Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2686754-0
ISSN	2213-2619 ; 2213-2600
ISSN (online)	2213-2619
ISSN	2213-2600
DOI	10.1016/S2213-2600(22)00248-X
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Article: A survey of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation practice in 23 Australian adult intensive care units.

Linke, Natalie J / Fulcher, Bentley J / Engeler, Daniel M / Anderson, Shannah / Bailey, Michael J / Bernard, Stephen / Board, Jasmin V / Brodie, Daniel / Buhr, Heidi / Burrell, Aidan J C / Cooper, David J / Fan, Eddy / Fraser, John F / Gattas, David J / Higgins, Alisa M / Hopper, Ingrid K / Huckson, Sue / Litton, Edward / McGuinness, Shay P /

Nair, Priya / Orford, Neil / Parke, Rachael L / Pellegrino, Vincent A / Pilcher, David V / Sheldrake, Jayne / Reddi, Benjamin A J / Stub, Dion / Trapani, Tony V / Udy, Andrew A / Hodgson, Carol L

Critical care and resuscitation : journal of the Australasian Academy of Critical Care Medicine

2020 Volume 22, Issue 2, Page(s) 166–170

MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Australia ; Critical Care/methods ; Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation/methods ; Humans ; Intensive Care Units ; Retrospective Studies ; Surveys and Questionnaires
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-06-09
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2401976-8
ISSN	1441-2772
ISSN	1441-2772
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Article ; Online: Avirulent Bacillus anthracis Strain with Molecular Assay Targets as Surrogate for Irradiation-Inactivated Virulent Spores.

Plaut, Roger D / Staab, Andrea B / Munson, Mark A / Gebhardt, Joan S / Klimko, Christopher P / Quirk, Avery V / Cote, Christopher K / Buhr, Tony L / Rossmaier, Rebecca D / Bernhards, Robert C / Love, Courtney E / Berk, Kimberly L / Abshire, Teresa G / Rozak, David A / Beck, Linda C / Stibitz, Scott / Goodwin, Bruce G / Smith, Michael A / Sozhamannan, Shanmuga

Emerging infectious diseases

2018 Volume 24, Issue 4

Abstract: The revelation in May 2015 of the shipment of γ irradiation-inactivated wild-type Bacillus anthracis spore preparations containing a small number of live spores raised concern about the safety and security of these materials. The finding also raised ... ...

Abstract	The revelation in May 2015 of the shipment of γ irradiation-inactivated wild-type Bacillus anthracis spore preparations containing a small number of live spores raised concern about the safety and security of these materials. The finding also raised doubts about the validity of the protocols and procedures used to prepare them. Such inactivated reference materials were used as positive controls in assays to detect suspected B. anthracis in samples because live agent cannot be shipped for use in field settings, in improvement of currently deployed detection methods or development of new methods, or for quality assurance and training activities. Hence, risk-mitigated B. anthracis strains are needed to fulfill these requirements. We constructed a genetically inactivated or attenuated strain containing relevant molecular assay targets and tested to compare assay performance using this strain to the historical data obtained using irradiation-inactivated virulent spores.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Anthrax/microbiology ; Bacillus anthracis/physiology ; Bacillus anthracis/radiation effects ; Bacillus anthracis/virology ; Bacterial Toxins/genetics ; Female ; Gene Knockdown Techniques ; Humans ; Mice ; Mutagenesis, Insertional ; Plasmids/genetics ; Radiation ; Recombination, Genetic ; Reproducibility of Results ; Spores, Bacterial/radiation effects ; Virulence ; Whole Genome Sequencing
Chemical Substances	Bacterial Toxins
Language	English
Publishing date	2018-04-03
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
ZDB-ID	1380686-5
ISSN	1080-6059 ; 1080-6040
ISSN (online)	1080-6059
ISSN	1080-6040
DOI	10.3201/eid2404.171646
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Article ; Online: Hot, humid air decontamination of aircraft confirmed that high temperature and high humidity are critical for inactivation of infectious, enveloped ribonucleic acid (RNA) virus

bioRxiv

Abstract: Aims To develop infectious (live/dead) enveloped virus test indicators and Response Surface Methodology (RSM) models that evaluate survival of an enveloped ribonucleic acid (RNA) virus on contaminated aircraft materials after exposure to hot, humid air ( ... ...

Abstract	Aims To develop infectious (live/dead) enveloped virus test indicators and Response Surface Methodology (RSM) models that evaluate survival of an enveloped ribonucleic acid (RNA) virus on contaminated aircraft materials after exposure to hot, humid air (HHA). Methods and Results Enveloped RNA bacteriophage Phi6 (Φ6) was dried on wiring insulation, aircraft performance coating (APC), polypropylene, and nylon at ≥ 8 log10 plaque-forming units (PFU) test coupon-1. Only 2.4 log10 inactivation was measured on APC at 70°Celsius (°C), 5% relative humidity (RH) after 24 h. In contrast, HHA RSM models showed a 90% probability of a 7-log10 inactivation at ≥63°C, 90% RH after 1 h, and decontamination kinetics were similar across different materials. HHA decontamination of C-130 and C-17 aircraft showed >7 log10 and ≥5.9 log10 inactivation of enveloped virus on 100 and 110 test indicators, respectively, with a 1-h treatment, excluding ramp-up and ramp-down times. Conclusions Enveloped RNA virus test indicators were successfully developed, lab tested for HHA decontamination, analyzed for RSM, and field-tested in aircraft demonstrations. Significance and Impact of the Study The utility of HHA decontamination was demonstrated after inactivating enveloped RNA virus on aircraft with a 1-h HHA treatment within aircraft temperature and RH limits.
Keywords	covid19
Publisher	BioRxiv
Document type	Article ; Online
DOI	10.1101/2020.07.20.212365
Database	COVID19

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Article ; Online: Avirulent Bacillus anthracis Strain with Molecular Assay Targets as Surrogate for Irradiation-Inactivated Virulent Spores

Roger D. Plaut / Andrea B. Staab / Mark A. Munson / Joan S. Gebhardt / Christopher P. Klimko / Avery V. Quirk / Christopher K. Cote / Tony L. Buhr / Rebecca D. Rossmaier / Robert C. Bernhards / Courtney E. Love / Kimberly L. Berk / Teresa G. Abshire / David A. Rozak / Linda C. Beck / Scott Stibitz / Bruce G. Goodwin / Michael A. Smith / Shanmuga Sozhamannan

Emerging Infectious Diseases, Vol 24, Iss 4, Pp 691-

2018 Volume 699

Abstract: The revelation in May 2015 of the shipment of γ irradiation–inactivated wild-type Bacillus anthracis spore preparations containing a small number of live spores raised concern about the safety and security of these materials. The finding also raised ... ...

Abstract	The revelation in May 2015 of the shipment of γ irradiation–inactivated wild-type Bacillus anthracis spore preparations containing a small number of live spores raised concern about the safety and security of these materials. The finding also raised doubts about the validity of the protocols and procedures used to prepare them. Such inactivated reference materials were used as positive controls in assays to detect suspected B. anthracis in samples because live agent cannot be shipped for use in field settings, in improvement of currently deployed detection methods or development of new methods, or for quality assurance and training activities. Hence, risk-mitigated B. anthracis strains are needed to fulfill these requirements. We constructed a genetically inactivated or attenuated strain containing relevant molecular assay targets and tested to compare assay performance using this strain to the historical data obtained using irradiation-inactivated virulent spores.
Keywords	Bacillus anthracis ; select agent excluded strain ; recombinant ; genetically inactivated ; molecular assay ; surrogate ; Medicine ; R ; Infectious and parasitic diseases ; RC109-216
Language	English
Publishing date	2018-04-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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