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  1. Article ; Online: Income inequality, status consumption and status anxiety

    Katie Pybus / Madeleine Power / Kate E. Pickett / Richard Wilkinson

    Social Sciences and Humanities Open, Vol 6, Iss 1, Pp 100353- (2022)

    An exploratory review of implications for sustainability and directions for future research

    2022  

    Abstract: Income inequality has been associated with higher levels of status consumption with well-established harmful effects on health, wellbeing and economic stability. Research has suggested that status anxiety may be the mechanism that connects income ... ...

    Abstract Income inequality has been associated with higher levels of status consumption with well-established harmful effects on health, wellbeing and economic stability. Research has suggested that status anxiety may be the mechanism that connects income inequality with status consumption, but the literature is disparate. In this interdisciplinary review, we draw together the evidence and explore the implications for climate change and sustainability, identifying that status anxiety may be a key driver of the higher levels of consumption in more unequal contexts. We find that status-anxiety fuelled consumption is associated with household debt, spatial inequalities, cycles of unsustainable consumption and longer commuting times, ultimately contributing to higher carbon emissions. We propose that further research should include more in-depth study and cohesive measurement of status anxiety and seek to better understand how to reduce unsustainable patterns of status-anxiety driven consumption. Reducing income inequality could have both short and long-term positive global environmental impacts.
    Keywords Status consumption ; Status anxiety ; Income inequality ; Conspicuous consumption ; Climate change ; Sustainability ; History of scholarship and learning. The humanities ; AZ20-999 ; Social sciences (General) ; H1-99
    Subject code 338
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-01-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Elsevier
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  2. Article ; Online: Long-term depression of excitatory transmission in the lateral septum.

    Chaichim, Chanchanok / Cannings, Madeleine J / Dumlao, Gadiel / Power, John M

    Journal of neurophysiology

    2021  Volume 125, Issue 5, Page(s) 1825–1832

    Abstract: Neurons in the lateral septum (LS) integrate glutamatergic synaptic inputs, primarily from hippocampus, and send inhibitory projections to brain regions involved in reward and the generation of motivated behavior. Motivated learning and drugs of abuse ... ...

    Abstract Neurons in the lateral septum (LS) integrate glutamatergic synaptic inputs, primarily from hippocampus, and send inhibitory projections to brain regions involved in reward and the generation of motivated behavior. Motivated learning and drugs of abuse have been shown to induce long-term changes in the strength of glutamatergic synapses in the LS, but the cellular mechanisms underlying long-term synaptic modification in the LS are poorly understood. Here, we examined synaptic transmission and long-term depression (LTD) in brain slices prepared from male and female C57BL/6 mice. No sex differences were observed in whole cell patch-clamp recordings of α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid receptor (AMPA-R)- and
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials/physiology ; Female ; Long-Term Synaptic Depression/physiology ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Patch-Clamp Techniques ; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate/metabolism ; Septal Nuclei/metabolism ; Septal Nuclei/physiology ; Sex Characteristics
    Chemical Substances Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-04-14
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 80161-6
    ISSN 1522-1598 ; 0022-3077
    ISSN (online) 1522-1598
    ISSN 0022-3077
    DOI 10.1152/jn.00657.2019
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: How COVID-19 has exposed inequalities in the UK food system

    Power, Madeleine / Doherty, Bob / Pybus, Katie / Pickett, Kate

    The case of UK food and poverty

    2020  

    Keywords covid19
    Publishing date 2020-05-13
    Publishing country uk
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  4. Article ; Online: Are free school meals failing families? Exploring the relationship between child food insecurity, child mental health and free school meal status during COVID-19

    Maria Bryant / Tiffany C Yang / Madeleine Power / Bridget Lockyer / Rachael H Moss / Wendy Burton / Bob Doherty

    BMJ Open, Vol 12, Iss

    national cross-sectional surveys

    2022  Volume 6

    Keywords Medicine ; R
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-06-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher BMJ Publishing Group
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  5. Article ; Online: Are free school meals failing families? Exploring the relationship between child food insecurity, child mental health and free school meal status during COVID-19: national cross-sectional surveys.

    Yang, Tiffany C / Power, Madeleine / Moss, Rachael H / Lockyer, Bridget / Burton, Wendy / Doherty, Bob / Bryant, Maria

    BMJ open

    2022  Volume 12, Issue 6, Page(s) e059047

    Abstract: Objective: Food insecurity is linked to poor health and well-being in children and rising prevalence rates have been exacerbated by COVID-19. Free school meals (FSM) are considered a critical tool for reducing the adverse effects of poverty but apply a ... ...

    Abstract Objective: Food insecurity is linked to poor health and well-being in children and rising prevalence rates have been exacerbated by COVID-19. Free school meals (FSM) are considered a critical tool for reducing the adverse effects of poverty but apply a highly restrictive eligibility criteria. This study examined levels of food security and FSM status to support decision-making regarding increasing the current eligibility criteria.
    Design: Two cross-sectional national surveys administered in August-September 2020 and January-February 2021 were used to examine the impact of COVID-19 on the food experiences of children and young people.
    Setting: UK.
    Participants: 2166 children (aged 7-17 years) and parents/guardians.
    Main outcome measures: Participant characteristics were described by food security and FSM status; estimated marginal means were calculated to obtain the probability of poor mental health, expressed as children reporting feeling stressed or worried in the past month, by food security status and FSM status.
    Results: We observed food insecurity among both children who did and did not receive of FSM: 23% of children not receiving FSM were food insecure. Children who were food insecure had a higher probability of poor mental health (31%, 95% CI: 23%, 40%) than children who were food secure (10%, 95% CI: 7%, 14%). Food insecure children receiving FSM had a higher probability of poor mental health (51%, 95% CI: 37%, 65%) than those who were food insecure and not receiving FSM (29%, 95% CI: 19%, 42%).
    Conclusion: Many children experienced food insecurity regardless of whether they received FSM, suggesting the eligibility criteria needs to be widened to prevent overlooking those in need.
    MeSH term(s) Adolescent ; COVID-19/epidemiology ; Child ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Food Insecurity ; Food Supply ; Humans ; Meals ; Mental Health
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-06-09
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2599832-8
    ISSN 2044-6055 ; 2044-6055
    ISSN (online) 2044-6055
    ISSN 2044-6055
    DOI 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-059047
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: Descriptive characterization of sound levels in an environmental justice city before and during a global pandemic.

    Walker, Erica D / Lee, Nina F / Scammell, Madeleine K / Feuer, Arielle P / Power, Maria B / Lane, Kevin J / Adamkiewicz, Gary / Levy, Jonathan I

    Environmental research

    2021  Volume 199, Page(s) 111353

    Abstract: Many environmental justice communities face elevated exposures to multiple stressors, given biases in urban and environmental policy and planning. This paper aims to evaluate sound level exposure in a densely populated environmental justice city in close ...

    Abstract Many environmental justice communities face elevated exposures to multiple stressors, given biases in urban and environmental policy and planning. This paper aims to evaluate sound level exposure in a densely populated environmental justice city in close proximity to major roadways, a nearby airport and high levels of industrial activity. In this study we collected various sound level metrics to evaluate the loudness and frequency composition of the acoustical environment in Chelsea, Massachusetts, USA. A total of 29 week-long sites were collected from October 2019 to June 2020, a time period that also included the influence of the COVID-19 pandemic, which drastically altered activity patterns and corresponding sound level exposures. We found that Chelsea is exposed to high levels of sound, both day and night (65 dB (A), and 80 dB and 90 dB for low frequency, and infrasound sound levels). A spectral analysis shows that 63 Hz was the dominant frequency. Distance to major roads and flight activity (both arrivals and departures) were most strongly correlated with all metrics, most notably with metrics describing contributing from lower frequencies. Overall, we found similar patterns during the COVID-19 pandemic but at levels up to 10 dB lower. Our results demonstrate the importance of noise exposure assessments in environmental justice communities and the importance of using additional metrics to describe communities inundated with significant air, road, and industrial sound levels. It also provides a snapshot of how much quieter communities can be with careful and intentional urban and environmental policy and planning.
    MeSH term(s) COVID-19 ; Cities ; Environmental Exposure ; Humans ; Massachusetts/epidemiology ; Pandemics ; SARS-CoV-2
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-05-26
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 205699-9
    ISSN 1096-0953 ; 0013-9351
    ISSN (online) 1096-0953
    ISSN 0013-9351
    DOI 10.1016/j.envres.2021.111353
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Zs.A 726: Show issues Location:
    Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand)
    bis Jg. 1994: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular
    Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (1.OG)
    ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)

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  7. Article ; Online: How COVID-19 has exposed inequalities in the UK food system: The case of UK food and poverty

    Power, Madeleine / Doherty, Bob / Pybus, Katie / Pickett, Kate

    Abstract: This article draws upon our perspective as academic-practitioners working in the fields of food insecurity, food systems, and inequality to comment, in the early stages of the pandemic and associated lockdown, on the empirical and ethical implications of ...

    Abstract This article draws upon our perspective as academic-practitioners working in the fields of food insecurity, food systems, and inequality to comment, in the early stages of the pandemic and associated lockdown, on the empirical and ethical implications of COVID-19 for socio-economic inequalities in access to food in the UK. The COVID-19 pandemic has sharpened the profound insecurity of large segments of the UK population, an insecurity itself the product of a decade of ‘austerity’ policies. Increased unemployment, reduced hours, and enforced self-isolation for multiple vulnerable groups is likely to lead to an increase in UK food insecurity, exacerbating diet-related health inequalities. The social and economic crisis associated with the pandemic has exposed the fragility of the system of food charity which, at present, is a key response to growing poverty. A vulnerable food system, with just-in-time supply chains, has been challenged by stockpiling. Resultant food supply issues at food banks, alongside rapidly increasing demand and reduced volunteer numbers, has undermined many food charities, especially independent food banks. In the light of this analysis, we make a series of recommendations. We call for an immediate end to the five week wait for Universal Credit and cash grants for low income households. We ask central and local government to recognise that many food aid providers are already at capacity and unable to adopt additional responsibilities. The government’s - significant - response to the economic crisis associated with COVID-19 has underscored a key principle: it is the government’s responsibility to protect population health, to guarantee household incomes, and to safeguard the economy. Millions of households were in poverty before the pandemic, and millions more will be so unless the government continues to protect household incomes through policy change.
    Keywords covid19
    Publisher PMC
    Document type Article ; Online
    DOI 10.35241/emeraldopenres.13539.2
    Database COVID19

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  8. Article ; Online: How Covid-19 has exposed inequalities in the UK food system

    Power, Madeleine / Doherty, Bob / Pybus, Katie / Pickett, Kate

    Emerald Open Research

    The case of UK food and poverty

    2020  Volume 2, Page(s) 11

    Abstract: This article draws upon our unique perspective as academic-practitioners working in the fields of food insecurity, food systems, and inequality to comment on the empirical and ethical implications of Covid-19 for socio-economic inequalities in access to ... ...

    Abstract This article draws upon our unique perspective as academic-practitioners working in the fields of food insecurity, food systems, and inequality to comment on the empirical and ethical implications of Covid-19 for socio-economic inequalities in access to food in the UK. The Covid-19 pandemic has revealed the profound insecurity of large segments of the UK population; increased unemployment, reduced hours, and enforced self-isolation for multiple vulnerable groups is likely to lead to an increase in UK food insecurity, exacerbating diet-related health inequalities. The social and economic crisis associated with the pandemic has exposed the fragility of the system of food charity which, at present, is a key response to growing poverty. A vulnerable food system, with just-in-time supply chains, has been challenged by stockpiling. Resultant food supply issues at food banks, alongside rapidly increasing demand and reduced volunteer numbers, has undermined many food charities, especially independent food banks. In the light of this analysis, we make a series of recommendations for social security policy, ‘emergency’ food provision, and retailers. We call for an immediate end to the five week wait for Universal Credit and cash grants for low income households. We ask central and local government to recognise that many food aid providers are already at capacity and unable to adopt additional responsibilities. We urge supermarkets to commit to paying their employees the Real Living Wage to mitigate against food insecurity amongst their staff now and in the future. The government’s -- impressive -- response to the economic crisis associated with Covid-19 has underscored a key principle: it is the government’s responsibility to protect population health, to guarantee household incomes, and to safeguard the economy. Millions of households were in poverty before the pandemic, and millions more will be so unless the government continues to protect household incomes through policy change.
    Keywords covid19
    Language English
    Publisher Emerald
    Publishing country uk
    Document type Article ; Online
    ISSN 2631-3952
    DOI 10.35241/emeraldopenres.13539.1
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  9. Article ; Online: How COVID-19 has exposed inequalities in the UK food system

    Power, Madeleine / Doherty, Bob / Pybus, Katie / Pickett, Kate

    Emerald Open Research

    The case of UK food and poverty

    2020  Volume 2, Page(s) 11

    Abstract: This article draws upon our perspective as academic-practitioners working in the fields of food insecurity, food systems, and inequality to comment, in the early stages of the pandemic and associated lockdown, on the empirical and ethical implications of ...

    Abstract This article draws upon our perspective as academic-practitioners working in the fields of food insecurity, food systems, and inequality to comment, in the early stages of the pandemic and associated lockdown, on the empirical and ethical implications of COVID-19 for socio-economic inequalities in access to food in the UK. The COVID-19 pandemic has sharpened the profound insecurity of large segments of the UK population, an insecurity itself the product of a decade of ‘austerity’ policies. Increased unemployment, reduced hours, and enforced self-isolation for multiple vulnerable groups is likely to lead to an increase in UK food insecurity, exacerbating diet-related health inequalities. The social and economic crisis associated with the pandemic has exposed the fragility of the system of food charity which, at present, is a key response to growing poverty. A vulnerable food system, with just-in-time supply chains, has been challenged by stockpiling. Resultant food supply issues at food banks, alongside rapidly increasing demand and reduced volunteer numbers, has undermined many food charities, especially independent food banks. In the light of this analysis, we make a series of recommendations. We call for an immediate end to the five week wait for Universal Credit and cash grants for low income households. We ask central and local government to recognise that many food aid providers are already at capacity and unable to adopt additional responsibilities. The government’s - significant - response to the economic crisis associated with COVID-19 has underscored a key principle: it is the government’s responsibility to protect population health, to guarantee household incomes, and to safeguard the economy. Millions of households were in poverty before the pandemic, and millions more will be so unless the government continues to protect household incomes through policy change.
    Keywords covid19
    Language English
    Publisher Emerald
    Publishing country uk
    Document type Article ; Online
    ISSN 2631-3952
    DOI 10.35241/emeraldopenres.13539.2
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

    Full text online

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  10. Article ; Online: Development and validation of a search filter to identify equity-focused studies: reducing the number needed to screen.

    Prady, Stephanie L / Uphoff, Eleonora P / Power, Madeleine / Golder, Su

    BMC medical research methodology

    2018  Volume 18, Issue 1, Page(s) 106

    Abstract: Background: Health inequalities, worse health associated with social and economic disadvantage, are reported by a minority of research articles. Locating these studies when conducting an equity-focused systematic review is challenging due to a deficit ... ...

    Abstract Background: Health inequalities, worse health associated with social and economic disadvantage, are reported by a minority of research articles. Locating these studies when conducting an equity-focused systematic review is challenging due to a deficit in standardised terminology, indexing, and lack of validated search filters. Current reporting guidelines recommend not applying filters, meaning that increased resources are needed at the screening stage.
    Methods: We aimed to design and test search filters to locate studies that reported outcomes by a social determinant of health. We developed and expanded a 'specific terms strategy' using keywords and subject headings compiled from recent systematic reviews that applied an equity filter. A 'non-specific strategy' was compiled from phrases used to describe equity analyses that were reported in titles and abstracts, and related subject headings. Gold standard evaluation and validation sets were compiled. The filters were developed in MEDLINE, adapted for Embase and tested in both. We set a target of 0.90 sensitivity (95% CI; 0.84, 0.94) in retrieving 150 gold standard validation papers. We noted the reduction in the number needed to screen in a proposed equity-focused systematic review and the proportion of equity-focused reviews we assessed in the project that applied an equity filter to their search strategy.
    Results: The specific terms strategy filtered out 93-95% of all records, and retrieved a validation set of articles with a sensitivity of 0.84 in MEDLINE (0.77, 0.89), and 0.87 (0.81, 0.92) in Embase. When combined (Boolean 'OR') with the non-specific strategy sensitivity was 0.92 (0.86, 0.96) in MEDLINE (Embase 0.94; 0.89, 0.97). The number needed to screen was reduced by 77% by applying the specific terms strategy, and by 59.7% (MEDLINE) and 63.5% (Embase) by applying the combined strategy. Eighty-one per cent of systematic reviews filtered studies by equity.
    Conclusions: A combined approach of using specific and non-specific terms is recommended if systematic reviewers wish to filter studies for reporting outcomes by social determinants. Future research should concentrate on the indexing standardisation for equity studies and further development and testing of both specific and non-specific terms for accurate study retrieval.
    MeSH term(s) Databases, Bibliographic/standards ; Databases, Bibliographic/statistics & numerical data ; Guidelines as Topic/standards ; Health Equity/standards ; Health Equity/statistics & numerical data ; Health Resources/standards ; Health Resources/statistics & numerical data ; Healthcare Disparities/standards ; Healthcare Disparities/statistics & numerical data ; Humans ; MEDLINE/standards ; MEDLINE/statistics & numerical data ; Records/standards ; Records/statistics & numerical data ; Reference Standards ; Search Engine/methods ; Search Engine/standards ; Search Engine/statistics & numerical data ; Systematic Reviews as Topic
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-10-12
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ISSN 1471-2288
    ISSN (online) 1471-2288
    DOI 10.1186/s12874-018-0567-x
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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