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  1. Article: How risk perceptions, not evidence, have driven harmful policies on covid-19

    Chakraborty, Sweta

    Eur. J. Risk Regul.

    Abstract: COVID-19 hits all of the cognitive triggers for how the lay public misjudges risk. Robust findings from the field of risk perception have identified unique characteristics of a risk that allow for greater attribution of frequency and probability than is ... ...

    Abstract COVID-19 hits all of the cognitive triggers for how the lay public misjudges risk. Robust findings from the field of risk perception have identified unique characteristics of a risk that allow for greater attribution of frequency and probability than is likely to be aligned with the base-rate statistics of the risk. 1,2COVID-19 embodies these features. It is unfamiliar, invisible, dreaded, potentially endemic, involuntary, disproportionately impacts vulnerable populations such as the elderly and has the potential for widespread catastrophe. 3,4When risks with such characteristics emerge, it is imperative for there to be trust between those in governance and communication and the lay public in order to quell public fears. This is not the environment in which COVID-19 has emerged, potentially resulting in even greater perceptions of risk. 5,6,7
    Keywords covid19
    Publisher WHO
    Document type Article
    Note WHO #Covidence: #71469
    Database COVID19

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  2. Article ; Online: How Risk Perceptions, Not Evidence, Have Driven Harmful Policies on COVID-19

    CHAKRABORTY, Sweta

    European Journal of Risk Regulation

    2020  Volume 11, Issue 2, Page(s) 236–239

    Abstract: COVID-19 hits all of the cognitive triggers for how the lay public misjudges risk. Robust findings from the field of risk perception have identified unique characteristics of a risk that allow for greater attribution of frequency and probability than is ... ...

    Abstract COVID-19 hits all of the cognitive triggers for how the lay public misjudges risk. Robust findings from the field of risk perception have identified unique characteristics of a risk that allow for greater attribution of frequency and probability than is likely to be aligned with the base-rate statistics of the risk. COVID-19 embodies these features. It is unfamiliar, invisible, dreaded, potentially endemic, involuntary, disproportionately impacts vulnerable populations such as the elderly and has the potential for widespread catastrophe. When risks with such characteristics emerge, it is imperative for there to be trust between those in governance and communication and the lay public in order to quell public fears. This is not the environment in which COVID-19 has emerged, potentially resulting in even greater perceptions of risk.
    Keywords Safety Research ; covid19
    Language English
    Publisher Cambridge University Press (CUP)
    Publishing country uk
    Document type Article ; Online
    ZDB-ID 2600871-3
    ISSN 2190-8249 ; 1867-299X
    ISSN (online) 2190-8249
    ISSN 1867-299X
    DOI 10.1017/err.2020.37
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  3. Article ; Online: A comparative study of intraoperative analgesic consumption and recovery profile between sevoflurane- and propofol-based general anesthesia in adults

    Abanish Ray / Debojyoti Das / Sweta Shaw / Soma Chakraborty / Arpita Laha / Mohanchandra Mandal

    Asian Journal of Medical Sciences, Vol 14, Iss 11, Pp 45-

    2023  Volume 52

    Abstract: Background: Many researches were performed in the past to compare propofol and sevoflurane as sole anesthetics. While some studies have reported the advantages of propofol regarding better recovery profile and post-operative analgesic sparing effect, the ...

    Abstract Background: Many researches were performed in the past to compare propofol and sevoflurane as sole anesthetics. While some studies have reported the advantages of propofol regarding better recovery profile and post-operative analgesic sparing effect, the contrast reporting does exist. Hence, there is a further need of research to explore recovery characteristics. Whether either of these two as sole anesthetics can yield any benefit regarding intraoperative analgesics consumption has not been evaluated. Aims and Objectives: The study primarily aimed at determining total analgesic consumption in the intraoperative period (primary outcome), between those receiving either sevoflurane or propofol for induction as well as maintenance of anesthesia. In addition, intraoperative hemodynamics (heart rate and mean arterial pressure) and recovery profile were compared. Materials and Methods: Total of 168 patients, aged 18–60 years, the American Society of Anesthesiologists’ physical status I/II, undergoing elective and emergency surgeries under general anesthesia for 2–3 h finally recruited. Patients were randomly allocated to receive either sevoflurane (group S, n=84) or propofol (group P, n=84) for both induction and maintenance. Anesthetics were titrated to achieve bispectral index (BIS) value of 60. For both the groups, additional fentanyl was considered aliquots of 25 mcg whenever the hemodynamics changes occurred despite maintaining BIS value in the above-mentioned range. Results: The total intraoperative analgesic consumption was found comparable in both groups of patients. Induction time (38 vs. 59 s) and emergence time (8 vs. 10 s, P<0.001) were found shorter in the propofol group than in sevoflurane. Aldrete score >9 was achieved earlier with propofol compared with sevoflurane (8.5 vs. 12 min). Conclusion: Propofol-based shows no advantage over sevoflurane in view of intraoperative consumption of analgesics and intraoperative hemodynamic stability. However, the use of propofol was associated with faster ...
    Keywords aldrete score ; anesthesia ; propofol ; recovery ; sevoflurane ; Medicine ; R
    Subject code 616
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-11-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Manipal College of Medical Sciences, Pokhara
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  4. Article: Advances in risk and crisis communication

    Chakraborty, Sweta

    International journal of risk assessment and management : IJRAM Vol. 18, No. 2 , p. 140-155

    2015  Volume 18, Issue 2, Page(s) 140–155

    Author's details Sweta Chakraborty (Institute on Science for Global Policy, Tucson, AZ, USA)
    Keywords risk communication ; crisis communication ; risk perception ; trust ; social and decision sciences ; cognitive behavioural science
    Language English
    Publisher Inderscience Enterprises
    Publishing place Olney, Bucks
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 2059387-9
    ISSN 1466-8297
    Database ECONomics Information System

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  5. Article ; Online: The future of risk communication and the role of the pharmaceutical industry.

    Chakraborty, Sweta / Bouder, Frederic

    Current drug safety

    2013  Volume 8, Issue 1, Page(s) 4–10

    Abstract: Risk communication is an interactive two-way process that various stakeholders (e.g., patients, regulators, industry) utilize to address prescription drug safety. This paper will specifically examine the pharmaceutical industry's engagement with risk ... ...

    Abstract Risk communication is an interactive two-way process that various stakeholders (e.g., patients, regulators, industry) utilize to address prescription drug safety. This paper will specifically examine the pharmaceutical industry's engagement with risk communication as a tool for information exchange with patients and other stakeholders about the associated risks related to its medicines. Risk communications are not solely meant to inform; and rather effective two-way risk communications have the potential to change behavioral outcomes for the purpose of individual and societal benefit. Despite this indispensable role of risk communication for the pharmaceutical industry, more research is needed for the appropriate development and dissemination of risk communications. A crucial missing component for the crafting of pharmaceutical risk communications is the understanding of risk perceptions from the patient/consumer's perspective. This is necessary to see where any divergences in views may lie between the industry and its final consumer, which is crucial in tailoring communications to target a specific erroneous belief or to address what might be deemed as a needed behavioral shift. It is also necessary to develop communications in consideration of the levels of public trust in the industry as well as other perceived actors in the healthcare system. Even the most meticulously crafted and tested risk communications will fail to fulfill their purpose if the role of trust is not taken into consideration. These considerations can lead to the establishment of a "social contract" that effectively addresses what is required from both parties for continued and mutually beneficial interactions. Conducting risk perception research, addressing the role of trust, establishing a social contract, and having a realistic outlook on the impact of risk communications are necessary considerations as pharmaceutical risk communication evolves for the future.
    MeSH term(s) Communication ; Drug Industry/methods ; Drug Industry/organization & administration ; Drug Industry/trends ; Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions ; Humans ; Information Dissemination/methods ; Research ; Risk ; Trust
    Language English
    Publishing date 2013-03-15
    Publishing country United Arab Emirates
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2250840-5
    ISSN 2212-3911 ; 1574-8863
    ISSN (online) 2212-3911
    ISSN 1574-8863
    DOI 10.2174/1574886311308010002
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  6. Article ; Online: The lysine demethylase KDM4A controls the cell-cycle expression of replicative canonical histone genes.

    Van Rechem, Capucine / Ji, Fei / Mishra, Sweta / Chakraborty, Damayanti / Murphy, Sedona E / Dillingham, Megan E / Sadreyev, Ruslan I / Whetstine, Johnathan R

    Biochimica et biophysica acta. Gene regulatory mechanisms

    2020  Volume 1863, Issue 10, Page(s) 194624

    Abstract: Chromatin modulation provides a key checkpoint for controlling cell cycle regulated gene networks. The replicative canonical histone genes are one such gene family under tight regulation during cell division. These genes are most highly expressed during ... ...

    Abstract Chromatin modulation provides a key checkpoint for controlling cell cycle regulated gene networks. The replicative canonical histone genes are one such gene family under tight regulation during cell division. These genes are most highly expressed during S phase when histones are needed to chromatinize the new DNA template. While this fact has been known for a while, limited knowledge exists about the specific chromatin regulators controlling their temporal expression during cell cycle. Since histones and their associated mutations are emerging as major players in diseases such as cancer, identifying the chromatin factors modulating their expression is critical. The histone lysine tri-demethylase KDM4A is regulated over cell cycle and plays a direct role in DNA replication timing, site-specific rereplication, and DNA amplifications during S phase. Here, we establish an unappreciated role for the catalytically active KDM4A in directly regulating canonical replicative histone gene networks during cell cycle. Of interest, we further demonstrate that KDM4A interacts with proteins controlling histone expression and RNA processing (i.e., hnRNPUL1 and FUS/TLS). Together, this study provides a new function for KDM4A in modulating canonical histone gene expression.
    MeSH term(s) Catalysis ; DNA Replication ; Epigenesis, Genetic ; Gene Expression Profiling ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Histones/genetics ; Histones/metabolism ; Humans ; Jumonji Domain-Containing Histone Demethylases/genetics ; Transcription, Genetic
    Chemical Substances Histones ; Jumonji Domain-Containing Histone Demethylases (EC 1.14.11.-) ; KDM4A protein, human (EC 1.5.-)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-08-13
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2918786-2
    ISSN 1876-4320 ; 1874-9399
    ISSN (online) 1876-4320
    ISSN 1874-9399
    DOI 10.1016/j.bbagrm.2020.194624
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  7. Article ; Online: Risk Communication and the Pharmaceutical Industry: what is the reality?

    Edwards, Brian / Chakraborty, Sweta

    Drug safety

    2012  Volume 35, Issue 11, Page(s) 1027–1040

    Abstract: Risk communication is central to the risk management strategy of a pharmaceutical company. Pharmaceutical companies primarily communicate risk through labelling tools such as the Summary of Product Characteristics (SmPC), package insert, patient ... ...

    Abstract Risk communication is central to the risk management strategy of a pharmaceutical company. Pharmaceutical companies primarily communicate risk through labelling tools such as the Summary of Product Characteristics (SmPC), package insert, patient information leaflet (PIL) and the carton, which are currently regulated based on templates such as those of the EU. Recent research raises concern about how effective the SmPC is alone in communicating risk. There is some evidence that carton design can influence risk comprehension. Processes to check new trade names cannot be confused with existing names is a simple measure to mitigate one form of risk. Given the central role and the vast amount of resource that is consumed, it is surprising there has not been extensive original research to see whether product information such as the SmPC is a good tool for communicating risk. Recently, EU agencies have assessed the communication value of the PIL and revised the template and guidelines. However, no evaluation of user testing has been conducted at European level since the introduction of these new requirements. As regards 'Dear Healthcare Professional Communications', there is inconsistent evidence about their ability to change patient and physician behaviour. There is a dearth of evidence about what sort of communications materials are the most effective under which circumstances. The use of templates restricts the flexibility of companies to adapt their risk messages to their targets. Effective communication requires understanding how different audiences perceive the message and what the fundamental drivers are for altering patient and prescriber behaviour to be safer. This requires careful consideration of the relationship between risk communication, perception and management. However, the focus of a company's risk communication plan is normally on the International Conference on Harmonisation (ICH) regions and their regulations. Although the same regulatory tools are used globally, we are not aware of any research into their effectiveness outside the ICH regions. What listed companies can communicate about benefits and risks is strongly influenced by the obligations of companies to the market and investors. There needs to be internal coordination for simultaneous release. Internal communications about significant issues should be restricted to those who know how to manage the risk of insider dealing from internal communications that may later be made public. Unfortunately, there is evidence that some companies do not have a cohesive strategy for communicating risk which should take into account all forms of promotional material and company-sponsored information sources on the Internet. A pharmaceutical company is not the only stakeholder responsible for communicating risks on their products. However, the relative roles and responsibilities of all relevant stakeholders are not defined and are often unclear. This means it is difficult to evaluate whether a company's actions might be duplicative or inefficient. We recommend that companies have a dedicated communications group whose role is to coordinate the company's communications strategy mapped to objectives that have been agreed with key stakeholders apart from just regulatory agencies. This same group can assess effectiveness of the communications, monitor audience reaction and adjust the communication strategy accordingly.
    MeSH term(s) Communication ; Consumer Health Information ; Drug Industry/legislation & jurisprudence ; Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions/chemically induced ; Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions/psychology ; Health Personnel ; Humans ; Legislation, Drug ; Pamphlets ; Patient Education as Topic ; Patient Medication Knowledge ; Pharmacovigilance ; Risk ; Risk Management
    Language English
    Publishing date 2012-10-12
    Publishing country New Zealand
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1018059-x
    ISSN 1179-1942 ; 0114-5916
    ISSN (online) 1179-1942
    ISSN 0114-5916
    DOI 10.2165/11635220-000000000-00000
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  8. Article ; Online: Transparency and the Food and Drug Administration--a quantitative study.

    Lofstedt, Ragnar / Bouder, Frederic / Chakraborty, Sweta

    Journal of health communication

    2013  Volume 18, Issue 4, Page(s) 391–396

    Abstract: In Europe and North America, there is increasing political pressure being put on health regulatory agencies to become more transparent. To date, however, there has been little academic evaluation--let alone analysis--of these transparency initiatives ... ...

    Abstract In Europe and North America, there is increasing political pressure being put on health regulatory agencies to become more transparent. To date, however, there has been little academic evaluation--let alone analysis--of these transparency initiatives from a risk communication perspective. This review examines whether the U.S. Food and Drug Administration's Adverse Event Reporting System quarterly signal postings, put in place after the passage of the Food and Drug Administration Amendments Act 2007, will assist patients and doctors in their decision-making processes, on the basis of results of a quantitative Internet survey of 433 physicians and 1,000 American adults. The results indicate that there is significant disagreement between physicians and the public about when medical safety issues should be communicated in the first place, with physicians opposed to early signal postings while the public in general is in favor. In addition the findings show that if the public were to find their drugs listed on the Adverse Event Reporting System signals web postings, more than a quarter would stop taking their medicine. Going forward, the Food and Drug Administration needs to work to a greater degree with social scientists in developing scientific-based communication strategies, rather than developing transparency initiatives on the basis of stakeholder consultations.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Adverse Drug Reaction Reporting Systems ; Attitude of Health Personnel ; Health Communication/methods ; Humans ; Physicians/psychology ; Public Opinion ; Risk Assessment ; United States ; United States Food and Drug Administration/legislation & jurisprudence
    Language English
    Publishing date 2013
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 1427988-5
    ISSN 1087-0415 ; 1081-0730
    ISSN (online) 1087-0415
    ISSN 1081-0730
    DOI 10.1080/10810730.2012.696229
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  9. Article ; Online: Cross-talk between Lysine-Modifying Enzymes Controls Site-Specific DNA Amplifications.

    Mishra, Sweta / Van Rechem, Capucine / Pal, Sangita / Clarke, Thomas L / Chakraborty, Damayanti / Mahan, Sarah D / Black, Joshua C / Murphy, Sedona E / Lawrence, Michael S / Daniels, Danette L / Whetstine, Johnathan R

    Cell

    2018  Volume 175, Issue 6, Page(s) 1716

    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-12-13
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Published Erratum
    ZDB-ID 187009-9
    ISSN 1097-4172 ; 0092-8674
    ISSN (online) 1097-4172
    ISSN 0092-8674
    DOI 10.1016/j.cell.2018.11.018
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  10. Article ; Online: Histone Lysine Methylation Dynamics Control

    Clarke, Thomas L / Tang, Ran / Chakraborty, Damayanti / Van Rechem, Capucine / Ji, Fei / Mishra, Sweta / Ma, Anqi / Kaniskan, H Ümit / Jin, Jian / Lawrence, Michael S / Sadreyev, Ruslan I / Whetstine, Johnathan R

    Cancer discovery

    2019  Volume 10, Issue 2, Page(s) 306–325

    Abstract: Acquired chromosomal DNA copy gains are a feature of many tumors; however, the mechanisms that underpin oncogene amplification are poorly understood. Recent studies have begun to uncover the importance of epigenetic states and histone lysine ... ...

    Abstract Acquired chromosomal DNA copy gains are a feature of many tumors; however, the mechanisms that underpin oncogene amplification are poorly understood. Recent studies have begun to uncover the importance of epigenetic states and histone lysine methyltransferases (KMT) and demethylases (KDM) in regulating transient site-specific DNA copy-number gains (TSSG). In this study, we reveal a critical interplay between a myriad of lysine methyltransferases and demethylases in modulating H3K4/9/27 methylation balance to control extrachromosomal amplification of the
    MeSH term(s) Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/pharmacology ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/therapeutic use ; Cell Hypoxia/genetics ; Cell Line, Tumor ; DNA Copy Number Variations/drug effects ; DNA Methylation/drug effects ; DNA Methylation/genetics ; Epigenesis, Genetic/drug effects ; ErbB Receptors/antagonists & inhibitors ; ErbB Receptors/genetics ; Gene Amplification/drug effects ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic/drug effects ; Histone-Lysine N-Methyltransferase/antagonists & inhibitors ; Histone-Lysine N-Methyltransferase/metabolism ; Histones/metabolism ; Humans ; Jumonji Domain-Containing Histone Demethylases/antagonists & inhibitors ; Jumonji Domain-Containing Histone Demethylases/metabolism ; Lysine/metabolism ; Neoplasms/drug therapy ; Neoplasms/genetics ; Neoplasms/pathology ; Protein Kinase Inhibitors/pharmacology ; Protein Kinase Inhibitors/therapeutic use
    Chemical Substances Histones ; Protein Kinase Inhibitors ; Jumonji Domain-Containing Histone Demethylases (EC 1.14.11.-) ; Histone-Lysine N-Methyltransferase (EC 2.1.1.43) ; EGFR protein, human (EC 2.7.10.1) ; ErbB Receptors (EC 2.7.10.1) ; Lysine (K3Z4F929H6)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-11-27
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2625242-9
    ISSN 2159-8290 ; 2159-8274
    ISSN (online) 2159-8290
    ISSN 2159-8274
    DOI 10.1158/2159-8290.CD-19-0463
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