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Article ; Online: The Simons Observatory: A large-diameter truss for a refracting telescope cooled to 1 K.

Crowley, Kevin D / Dow, Peter / Shroyer, Jordan E / Groh, John C / Dober, Bradley / Spisak, Jacob / Galitzki, Nicholas / Bhandarkar, Tanay / Devlin, Mark J / Dicker, Simon / Gallardo, Patricio A / Harrington, Kathleen / Iuliano, Jeffrey / Johnson, Bradley R / Johnson, Delwin / Kofman, Anna M / Kusaka, Akito / Lee, Adrian / Limon, Michele /

Nati, Federico / Orlowski-Scherer, John / Page, Lyman / Randall, Michael / Teply, Grant / Tsan, Tran / Wollack, Edward J / Xu, Zhilei / Zhu, Ningfeng

The Review of scientific instruments

2022 Volume 93, Issue 5, Page(s) 55106

Abstract: ... heat load through the struts (from 4 to 1 K) will be less than 1 mW. This strut design may be a promising ...

Abstract	We present the design and measured performance of a new carbon fiber strut design that is used in a cryogenically cooled truss for the Simons Observatory small aperture telescope. The truss consists of two aluminum 6061 rings separated by 24 struts. Each strut consists of a central carbon fiber tube fitted with two aluminum end caps. We tested the performance of the strut and truss by (i) cryogenically cycling and destructively pull-testing strut samples, (ii) non-destructively pull-testing the final truss, and (iii) measuring the thermal conductivity of the carbon fiber tubes. We found that the strut strength is limited by the mounting fasteners and the strut end caps, not the epoxy adhesive or the carbon fiber tube. This result is consistent with our numerical predictions. Our thermal measurements suggest that the conductive heat load through the struts (from 4 to 1 K) will be less than 1 mW. This strut design may be a promising candidate for use in other cryogenic support structures.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-05-09
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	209865-9
ISSN	1089-7623 ; 0034-6748
ISSN (online)	1089-7623
ISSN	0034-6748
DOI	10.1063/5.0093857
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Article ; Online: Mississippi Small Farm Product Amounts, Seasonality, and Proximity to K-12 Public Schools.

Thomson, Jessica L / Landry, Alicia S / Walls, Tameka I / McMillen, Randall

International journal of environmental research and public health

2023 Volume 20, Issue 4

Abstract: ... relationships between small farms and K-12 public schools in Mississippi. Online survey participation ...

Abstract	The study's purpose was to determine small farm product amounts and seasonality and examine spatial relationships between small farms and K-12 public schools in Mississippi. Online survey participation invitations were sent via email to farmers and school food service directors from October 2021 to January 2022. Data were summarized using descriptive statistics and proximities between farms (
MeSH term(s)	Farms ; Mississippi ; Vegetables ; Fruit ; Food Services
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-02-17
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
ZDB-ID	2175195-X
ISSN	1660-4601 ; 1661-7827
ISSN (online)	1660-4601
ISSN	1661-7827
DOI	10.3390/ijerph20043572
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Article: Prospective Evaluation of a Fixed-Dose 4-Factor Prothrombin Complex Concentrate Protocol for Urgent Vitamin K Antagonist Reversal.

Bitonti, Michael T / Rumbarger, Rachel L / Absher, Randall K / Curran, Lisa M

The Journal of emergency medicine

2019 Volume 58, Issue 2, Page(s) 324–329

Abstract: ... for reversal of vitamin K antagonists (VKAs). Research has demonstrated noninferior efficacy with the use ...

Abstract	Background: Four-factor prothrombin complex concentrate (4F-PCC) is the standard of care for reversal of vitamin K antagonists (VKAs). Research has demonstrated noninferior efficacy with the use of lower, fixed-dose strategies for 4F-PCC dosing. Objectives: We compared a fixed-dose 4F-PCC protocol to weight-based dosing at our institution. Methods: This was a multicenter, noninferiority, interventional, quasiexperimental cohort study including subjects who were administered 4F-PCC for VKA reversal. The retrospective cohort consisted of subjects given a weight-based dose of 4F-PCC dependent on international normalized ratio (INR). The prospective cohort was managed with a fixed-dose protocol. The fixed dose was 1500 units of factor IX unless subjects weighed >100 kg or had a baseline INR >7.5, in which case the dose was 2000 units of factor IX. The primary endpoint was achievement of a postinfusion INR of <2. Secondary endpoints included achievement postinfusion INR <1.5, mean 24-h INR, 7-day mortality, and 7-day venous thromboembolic events. Results: Twenty-four subjects were enrolled in the prospective cohort and 30 in the retrospective cohort. A postinfusion INR <2 was achieved in 96% of subjects in the retrospective cohort and 95% in the prospective cohort (p = 0.0035 for noninferiority). A postinfusion INR <1.5 occurred in 90% of subjects in the retrospective cohort and 75% in the prospective cohort (p > 0.4 for noninferiority). There were no significant differences in 24-h postinfusion INRs, mortality, or venous thromboembolic events. Conclusion: The use of a fixed-dose 4F-PCC protocol is safe and effective for the rapid reversal of VKA-associated anticoagulation.
MeSH term(s)	Aged ; Anticoagulants/adverse effects ; Anticoagulants/therapeutic use ; Blood Coagulation Factors/administration & dosage ; Emergencies ; Female ; Hemorrhage/chemically induced ; Hemorrhage/drug therapy ; Humans ; Infusions, Intravenous ; International Normalized Ratio ; Male ; Prospective Studies ; Retrospective Studies ; Vitamin K/antagonists & inhibitors
Chemical Substances	Anticoagulants ; Blood Coagulation Factors ; Vitamin K (12001-79-5) ; prothrombin complex concentrates (37224-63-8)
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-11-29
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Comparative Study ; Journal Article ; Multicenter Study
ZDB-ID	605559-x
ISSN	0736-4679
ISSN	0736-4679
DOI	10.1016/j.jemermed.2019.10.013
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Article ; Online: The demographics of dog bites due to K-9 (legal intervention) in the United States.

Loder, Randall T / Meixner, Cory

Journal of forensic and legal medicine

2019 Volume 65, Page(s) 9–14

Abstract: Background: There is sparse literature regarding K-9 (legal intervention) dog bites. It was ... the purpose of this study to analyze the demographics of K-9 dog bites using a national data base.: Methods ... < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.: Results: There were an estimated 32, 951 K-9 dog ...

Abstract	Background: There is sparse literature regarding K-9 (legal intervention) dog bites. It was the purpose of this study to analyze the demographics of K-9 dog bites using a national data base. Methods: This was a retrospective study of prospectively collected data from National Electronic Injury Surveillance System - All Injury Program for years 2005-2013. Patients with dog bites were identified and those due to legal intervention were analyzed. Statistical analyses were performed with SUDAAN 11.0.01™ software. A p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: There were an estimated 32, 951 K-9 dog bite ED visits, accounting for 1.1% of all ED dog bite visits. The K-9 group was nearly all male (95.0 vs 52.1%) and more commonly Black (42.0 vs 13.0%) compared to the non K-9 group. Bites to the head/neck and upper extremity were less frequent and lower extremity bites more frequent in the K-9 group; K-9 bites more commonly occurred outside the home. Within the K-9 group, the proportion of White patients increased with increasing age and smaller hospital size. Patients seen in small and medium size hospitals were in the middle age ranges, while those in the very young and >64 years of age were only seen at large hospitals. The average annual incidence of K-9 dog bites seen in the ED for US was 2.43 per 100,000 males with no changes over time. Conclusions: In the US, 1.1% of all ED visits for dog bites are due to K-9 intervention with no change in incidence, even though this study spanned the time when it was encouraged to change K-9 intervention; from "find and bite" to "find and bark". The K-9 dog bite patient is nearly always male, more commonly Black, occurred away from home, and has a 3.7% hospital admission rate. Bites to the head/neck are less common compared to the non K-9 dog bite group.
MeSH term(s)	Adolescent ; Adult ; Age Distribution ; Animals ; Bites and Stings/epidemiology ; Continental Population Groups/statistics & numerical data ; Databases, Factual ; Dogs ; Emergency Service, Hospital ; Female ; Health Facility Size/statistics & numerical data ; Humans ; Incidence ; Lower Extremity/injuries ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Patient Admission/statistics & numerical data ; Police ; Retrospective Studies ; Sex Distribution ; United States/epidemiology ; Young Adult
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-04-19
Publishing country	England
Document type	Comparative Study ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2268721-X
ISSN	1878-7487 ; 1752-928X
ISSN (online)	1878-7487
ISSN	1752-928X
DOI	10.1016/j.jflm.2019.04.008
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Article ; Online: Sun safety in construction: a U.K. intervention study.

Houdmont, J / Madgwick, P / Randall, R

Occupational medicine (Oxford, England)

2016 Volume 66, Issue 1, Page(s) 20–26

Abstract: Background: Interventions to promote sun safety in the U.K. construction sector are warranted ...

Abstract	Background: Interventions to promote sun safety in the U.K. construction sector are warranted given the high incidence of skin cancer attributable to sun exposure relative to other occupational groups. Aims: To evaluate change in sun safety knowledge and practices among construction workers in response to an educational intervention. Methods: A baseline questionnaire was administered, followed by a bespoke sector-specific DVD-based intervention. At 12-month follow-up, participants completed a further questionnaire. Results: Analyses were conducted on a sample of 120 workers (intervention group, n = 70; comparison group, n = 50). At follow-up, the proportion of intervention group participants that reported correct sun safety knowledge was not significantly greater than at baseline. However, the intervention group demonstrated significant positive change on 9 out of 10 behavioural measures, the greatest change being use of a shade/cover when working in the sun followed by regularly checking skin for moles or unusual changes. Conclusions: Exposure to this intervention was linked to some specific positive changes in construction workers' self-reported sun safety practices. These findings highlight the potential for educational interventions to contribute to tackling skin cancer in the UK construction sector. The findings support the development of bespoke educational interventions for other high-risk outdoor worker groups.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Animals ; Audiovisual Aids ; Construction Industry ; Female ; Health Behavior ; Health Education/methods ; Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice ; Health Promotion/methods ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Occupational Diseases/etiology ; Occupational Diseases/prevention & control ; Occupational Exposure/adverse effects ; Occupational Exposure/prevention & control ; Protective Clothing ; Safety ; Self Care ; Skin/pathology ; Skin/radiation effects ; Skin Neoplasms/etiology ; Skin Neoplasms/prevention & control ; Sunlight/adverse effects ; Sunscreening Agents ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; United Kingdom
Chemical Substances	Sunscreening Agents
Language	English
Publishing date	2016-01
Publishing country	England
Document type	Clinical Trial ; Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	1103950-4
ISSN	1471-8405 ; 0962-7480
ISSN (online)	1471-8405
ISSN	0962-7480
DOI	10.1093/occmed/kqv140
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Book ; Online: Interpretable Image Clustering via Diffeomorphism-Aware K-Means

Cosentino, Romain / Balestriero, Randall / Bahroun, Yanis / Sengupta, Anirvan / Baraniuk, Richard / Aazhang, Behnaam

2020

Abstract: ... Our approach leverages the interpretability of $K$-means applied in the image space while addressing ...

Abstract	We design an interpretable clustering algorithm aware of the nonlinear structure of image manifolds. Our approach leverages the interpretability of $K$-means applied in the image space while addressing its clustering performance issues. Specifically, we develop a measure of similarity between images and centroids that encompasses a general class of deformations: diffeomorphisms, rendering the clustering invariant to them. Our work leverages the Thin-Plate Spline interpolation technique to efficiently learn diffeomorphisms best characterizing the image manifolds. Extensive numerical simulations show that our approach competes with state-of-the-art methods on various datasets.
Keywords	Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition ; Mathematics - Group Theory
Publishing date	2020-12-16
Publishing country	us
Document type	Book ; Online
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Article ; Online: Altered expression and modulation of the two-pore-domain (K

Pineda, Ricardo H / Nedumaran, Balachandar / Hypolite, Joseph / Pan, Xiao-Qing / Wilson, Shandra / Meacham, Randall B / Malykhina, Anna P

American journal of physiology. Renal physiology

2017 Volume 313, Issue 2, Page(s) F535–F546

Abstract: ... regulated by TREK-1, a member of the mechanogated subfamily of two-pore-domain potassium (K ...

Abstract	Detrusor overactivity (DO) is the abnormal response of the urinary bladder to physiological stretch during the filling phase of the micturition cycle. The mechanisms of bladder smooth muscle compliance upon the wall stretch are poorly understood. We previously reported that the function of normal detrusor is regulated by TREK-1, a member of the mechanogated subfamily of two-pore-domain potassium (K
MeSH term(s)	Caveolins/metabolism ; Cytoskeleton/metabolism ; Down-Regulation ; Humans ; Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/metabolism ; Potassium Channels, Tandem Pore Domain/metabolism ; RNA, Small Interfering ; Urinary Bladder, Overactive/metabolism
Chemical Substances	Caveolins ; Potassium Channels, Tandem Pore Domain ; RNA, Small Interfering ; potassium channel protein TREK-1
Language	English
Publishing date	2017-05-24
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	603837-2
ISSN	1522-1466 ; 0363-6127
ISSN (online)	1522-1466
ISSN	0363-6127
DOI	10.1152/ajprenal.00638.2016
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Article ; Online: KCNN Genes that Encode Small-Conductance Ca2+-Activated K+ Channels Influence Alcohol and Drug Addiction.

Padula, Audrey E / Griffin, William C / Lopez, Marcelo F / Nimitvilai, Sudarat / Cannady, Reginald / McGuier, Natalie S / Chesler, Elissa J / Miles, Michael F / Williams, Robert W / Randall, Patrick K / Woodward, John J / Becker, Howard C / Mulholland, Patrick J

Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology

2015 Volume 40, Issue 8, Page(s) 1928–1939

Abstract: Small-conductance Ca(2+)-activated K(+) (KCa2) channels control neuronal excitability and synaptic ...

Abstract	Small-conductance Ca(2+)-activated K(+) (KCa2) channels control neuronal excitability and synaptic plasticity, and have been implicated in substance abuse. However, it is unknown if genes that encode KCa2 channels (KCNN1-3) influence alcohol and drug addiction. In the present study, an integrative functional genomics approach shows that genetic datasets for alcohol, nicotine, and illicit drugs contain the family of KCNN genes. Alcohol preference and dependence QTLs contain KCNN2 and KCNN3, and Kcnn3 transcript levels in the nucleus accumbens (NAc) of genetically diverse BXD strains of mice predicted voluntary alcohol consumption. Transcript levels of Kcnn3 in the NAc negatively correlated with alcohol intake levels in BXD strains, and alcohol dependence enhanced the strength of this association. Microinjections of the KCa2 channel inhibitor apamin into the NAc increased alcohol intake in control C57BL/6J mice, while spontaneous seizures developed in alcohol-dependent mice following apamin injection. Consistent with this finding, alcohol dependence enhanced the intrinsic excitability of medium spiny neurons in the NAc core and reduced the function and protein expression of KCa2 channels in the NAc. Altogether, these data implicate the family of KCNN genes in alcohol, nicotine, and drug addiction, and identify KCNN3 as a mediator of voluntary and excessive alcohol consumption. KCa2.3 channels represent a promising novel target in the pharmacogenetic treatment of alcohol and drug addiction.
MeSH term(s)	Alcoholism/etiology ; Alcoholism/genetics ; Analysis of Variance ; Animals ; Apamin/toxicity ; Central Nervous System Depressants/toxicity ; Choice Behavior/drug effects ; Computational Biology ; Conditioning, Operant/drug effects ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Electric Stimulation ; Ethanol/administration & dosage ; Female ; Humans ; In Vitro Techniques ; Linear Models ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Mice, Mutant Strains ; Microarray Analysis/statistics & numerical data ; Microinjections ; Nucleus Accumbens/cytology ; Nucleus Accumbens/drug effects ; Patch-Clamp Techniques ; Potassium Channel Blockers/toxicity ; Quantitative Trait Loci ; Small-Conductance Calcium-Activated Potassium Channels/classification ; Small-Conductance Calcium-Activated Potassium Channels/genetics ; Small-Conductance Calcium-Activated Potassium Channels/metabolism ; Substance-Related Disorders/genetics ; Synaptic Transmission/drug effects ; Synaptic Transmission/genetics
Chemical Substances	Central Nervous System Depressants ; Potassium Channel Blockers ; Small-Conductance Calcium-Activated Potassium Channels ; Apamin (24345-16-2) ; Ethanol (3K9958V90M)
Language	English
Publishing date	2015-07
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
ZDB-ID	639471-1
ISSN	1740-634X ; 0893-133X
ISSN (online)	1740-634X
ISSN	0893-133X
DOI	10.1038/npp.2015.42
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Article ; Online: Modeling of pulsed K diode pumped alkali laser: Analysis of the experimental results.

Auslender, Ilya / Barmashenko, Boris / Rosenwaks, Salman / Zhdanov, Boris / Rotondaro, Matthew / Knize, Randall J

Optics express

2015 Volume 23, Issue 16, Page(s) 20986–20996

Abstract: A simple optical model of K DPAL, where Gaussian spatial shapes of the pump and laser intensities ... efficient static, pulsed K DPAL [Zhdanov et al, Optics Express 22, 17266 (2014)], shows good agreement ... by the excited K atoms contributing to the spontaneous emission is much larger than the volumes of the pump and ...

Abstract	A simple optical model of K DPAL, where Gaussian spatial shapes of the pump and laser intensities in any cross section of the beams are assumed, is reported. The model, applied to the recently reported highly efficient static, pulsed K DPAL [Zhdanov et al, Optics Express 22, 17266 (2014)], shows good agreement between the calculated and measured dependence of the laser power on the incident pump power. In particular, the model reproduces the observed threshold pump power, 22 W (corresponding to pump intensity of 4 kW/cm<sup>2</sup>), which is much higher than that predicted by the standard semi-analytical models of the DPAL. The reason for the large values of the threshold power is that the volume occupied by the excited K atoms contributing to the spontaneous emission is much larger than the volumes of the pump and laser beams in the laser cell, resulting in very large energy losses due to the spontaneous emission. To reduce the adverse effect of the high threshold power, high pump power is needed, and therefore gas flow with high gas velocity to avoid heating the gas has to be applied. Thus, for obtaining high power, highly efficient K DPAL, subsonic or supersonic flowing-gas device is needed.
Language	English
Publishing date	2015-08-10
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1491859-6
ISSN	1094-4087 ; 1094-4087
ISSN (online)	1094-4087
ISSN	1094-4087
DOI	10.1364/OE.23.020986
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Article ; Online: Cluster K mycobacteriophages

Welkin H Pope / Christina M Ferreira / Deborah Jacobs-Sera / Robert C Benjamin / Ariangela J Davis / Randall J DeJong / Sarah C R Elgin / Forrest R Guilfoile / Mark H Forsyth / Alexander D Harris / Samuel E Harvey / Lee E Hughes / Peter M Hynes / Arrykka S Jackson / Marilyn D Jalal / Elizabeth A MacMurray / Coreen M Manley / Molly J McDonough / Jordan L Mosier /

PLoS ONE, Vol 6, Iss 10, p e

insights into the evolutionary origins of mycobacteriophage TM4.

2011 Volume 26750

Abstract: ... in mycobacterial genetics. The nucleotide sequence similarities warrant grouping these into Cluster K ... Like TM4, all of the Cluster K phages infect both fast- and slow-growing mycobacteria, and ... and identified mutations conferring the temperature-sensitive phenotype. All of the Cluster K phages ...

Abstract	Five newly isolated mycobacteriophages--Angelica, CrimD, Adephagia, Anaya, and Pixie--have similar genomic architectures to mycobacteriophage TM4, a previously characterized phage that is widely used in mycobacterial genetics. The nucleotide sequence similarities warrant grouping these into Cluster K, with subdivision into three subclusters: K1, K2, and K3. Although the overall genome architectures of these phages are similar, TM4 appears to have lost at least two segments of its genome, a central region containing the integration apparatus, and a segment at the right end. This suggests that TM4 is a recent derivative of a temperate parent, resolving a long-standing conundrum about its biology, in that it was reportedly recovered from a lysogenic strain of Mycobacterium avium, but it is not capable of forming lysogens in any mycobacterial host. Like TM4, all of the Cluster K phages infect both fast- and slow-growing mycobacteria, and all of them--with the exception of TM4--form stable lysogens in both Mycobacterium smegmatis and Mycobacterium tuberculosis; immunity assays show that all five of these phages share the same immune specificity. TM4 infects these lysogens suggesting that it was either derived from a heteroimmune temperate parent or that it has acquired a virulent phenotype. We have also characterized a widely-used conditionally replicating derivative of TM4 and identified mutations conferring the temperature-sensitive phenotype. All of the Cluster K phages contain a series of well conserved 13 bp repeats associated with the translation initiation sites of a subset of the genes; approximately one half of these contain an additional sequence feature composed of imperfectly conserved 17 bp inverted repeats separated by a variable spacer. The K1 phages integrate into the host tmRNA and the Cluster K phages represent potential new tools for the genetics of M. tuberculosis and related species.
Keywords	Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
Subject code	572
Language	English
Publishing date	2011-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Document type	Article ; Online
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