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  1. Article ; Online: Preschoolers' executive functions following indoor and outdoor free play.

    Koepp, Andrew E / Gershoff, Elizabeth T / Castelli, Darla M / Bryan, Amy E

    Trends in neuroscience and education

    2022  Volume 28, Page(s) 100182

    Abstract: ... outdoor play compared to after indoor play (d = .34). Children's non-sedentary activity during indoor play ...

    Abstract Background: Children's executive functions develop rapidly during the preschool years and are critical for attending to lessons and meeting classroom expectations. Engaging in periods of outdoor play that have lower regulatory requirements and that provide opportunities for physical activity may help children maintain control over their behavior when they are back in settings with higher regulatory requirements. However, little work has formally examined this proposition in early childhood.
    Methods: This study used a quasi-experimental design to examine preschoolers' executive functions following indoor compared to outdoor play. A total of 72 children (mean age = 4.5 years, 46% female, 73% non-Hispanic White) participated in task-based assessments of attention shifting and inhibitory control and in classroom observations of attention and inhibitory control. A subsample of the children (n = 51) was assessed for physical activity using accelerometry to examine the extent to which young children's physical activity during outdoor play predicted their subsequent executive functions better than their physical activity during indoor play.
    Results: Children showed greater attention during classroom circle time following outdoor play compared to after indoor play (d = .34). Children's non-sedentary activity during indoor play was not related to their subsequent task-based executive functions but showed negative associations with their subsequent classroom-based executive functions. Children's percentage of time spent in non-sedentary physical activity during outdoor play showed a quadratic association with subsequent task-based inhibitory control but linear associations with subsequent classroom-based attention and inhibitory control during circle time.
    Conclusion: Periods of outdoor play that involve recommended amounts of physical activity may help young children engage executive functions when they return to the classroom.
    MeSH term(s) Accelerometry ; Child ; Child Day Care Centers ; Child, Preschool ; Executive Function ; Exercise ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Play and Playthings
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-07-22
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
    ZDB-ID 2694503-4
    ISSN 2211-9493 ; 2452-0837
    ISSN (online) 2211-9493
    ISSN 2452-0837
    DOI 10.1016/j.tine.2022.100182
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  2. Article ; Online: Barriers to Breastfeeding During Surgery Residency.

    Golestani, Simin / Cardenas, Tatiana / Koepp, Katherine / Efird, Jessica / Teixeira, Pedro G / Mery, Marissa / Dubose, Joseph / Trust, Marc D / Bach, Michelle / Ali, Sadia / Brown, Carlos V R

    Journal of surgical education

    2024  Volume 81, Issue 4, Page(s) 551–555

    Abstract: Objective: Breastfeeding is a highly demanding experience, especially for surgical residents who pump after returning to work. We believe that there are obstacles to pumping and opportunities exist to improve support for this group. The objective of ... ...

    Abstract Objective: Breastfeeding is a highly demanding experience, especially for surgical residents who pump after returning to work. We believe that there are obstacles to pumping and opportunities exist to improve support for this group. The objective of this study was to understand the experience of breastfeeding surgery residents and find opportunities for increased support.
    Design: Surveys were sent out through the Association of Program Directors in Surgery for distribution among current residents. A survey was also conducted in a private group of surgeon mothers to identify those who had previously been breastfeeding during residency.
    Setting: All surveys were performed online with results collected in a REDCap web-based application.
    Participants: Participants were those who gave birth during their surgical residency.
    Results: 67% of the 246 survey respondents stated that they did not have adequate time for pumping and 56% rarely had access to a lactation room. 69% of mothers reported a reduction in milk supply and 64% stated that the time constraints of residency shortened the total duration they breastfed. 59% of women did not feel comfortable asking to pump.
    Conclusions: Surgical residents reported a lack of space, resources, and dedicated time for pumping. These deficiencies contribute to shorter breastfeeding duration. It is crucial to provide lactation rooms and to foster a supportive culture.
    MeSH term(s) Female ; Humans ; Breast Feeding ; Internship and Residency ; Mothers ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Time Factors
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-02-21
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2277538-9
    ISSN 1878-7452 ; 1931-7204
    ISSN (online) 1878-7452
    ISSN 1931-7204
    DOI 10.1016/j.jsurg.2023.12.017
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  3. Article: A case report of serotype W135

    Zarbock, Sommer D / DePriest, Kirk L / Koepp, Brandi M

    IDCases

    2018  Volume 14, Page(s) e00466

    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-11-13
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article ; Case Reports
    ZDB-ID 2745454-X
    ISSN 2214-2509
    ISSN 2214-2509
    DOI 10.1016/j.idcr.2018.e00466
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  4. Article ; Online: Rate-Adaptive Atrial Pacing for Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction: The RAPID-HF Randomized Clinical Trial.

    Reddy, Yogesh N V / Koepp, Katlyn E / Carter, Rickey / Win, Sithu / Jain, Christopher Charles / Olson, Thomas P / Johnson, Bruce D / Rea, Robert / Redfield, Margaret M / Borlaug, Barry A

    JAMA

    2023  Volume 329, Issue 10, Page(s) 801–809

    Abstract: Importance: Reduced heart rate during exercise is common and associated with impaired aerobic capacity in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF), but it remains unknown if restoring exertional heart rate through atrial pacing would be ... ...

    Abstract Importance: Reduced heart rate during exercise is common and associated with impaired aerobic capacity in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF), but it remains unknown if restoring exertional heart rate through atrial pacing would be beneficial.
    Objective: To determine if implanting and programming a pacemaker for rate-adaptive atrial pacing would improve exercise performance in patients with HFpEF and chronotropic incompetence.
    Design, setting, and participants: Single-center, double-blind, randomized, crossover trial testing the effects of rate-adaptive atrial pacing in patients with symptomatic HFpEF and chronotropic incompetence at a tertiary referral center (Mayo Clinic) in Rochester, Minnesota. Patients were recruited between 2014 and 2022 with 16-week follow-up (last date of follow-up, May 9, 2022). Cardiac output during exercise was measured by the acetylene rebreathe technique.
    Interventions: A total of 32 patients were recruited; of these, 29 underwent pacemaker implantation and were randomized to atrial rate responsive pacing or no pacing first for 4 weeks, followed by a 4-week washout period and then crossover for an additional 4 weeks.
    Main outcomes and measures: The primary end point was oxygen consumption (V̇o2) at anaerobic threshold (V̇o2,AT); secondary end points were peak V̇o2, ventilatory efficiency (V̇e/V̇co2 slope), patient-reported health status by the Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire Overall Summary Score (KCCQ-OSS), and N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) levels.
    Results: Of the 29 patients randomized, the mean age was 66 years (SD, 9.7) and 13 (45%) were women. In the absence of pacing, peak V̇o2 and V̇o2 at anaerobic threshold (V̇o2,AT) were both correlated with peak exercise heart rate (r = 0.46-0.51, P < .02 for both). Pacing increased heart rate during low-level and peak exercise (16/min [95% CI, 10 to 23], P < .001; 14/min [95% CI, 7 to 21], P < .001), but there was no significant change in V̇o2,AT (pacing off, 10.4 [SD, 2.9] mL/kg/min; pacing on, 10.7 [SD, 2.6] mL/kg/min; absolute difference, 0.3 [95% CI, -0.5 to 1.0] mL/kg/min; P = .46), peak V̇o2, minute ventilation (V̇e)/carbon dioxide production (V̇co2) slope, KCCQ-OSS, or NT-proBNP level. Despite the increase in heart rate, atrial pacing had no significant effect on cardiac output with exercise, owing to a decrease in stroke volume (-24 mL [95% CI, -43 to -5 mL]; P = .02). Adverse events judged to be related to the pacemaker device were observed in 6 of 29 participants (21%).
    Conclusions and relevance: In patients with HFpEF and chronotropic incompetence, implantation of a pacemaker to enhance exercise heart rate did not result in an improvement in exercise capacity and was associated with increased adverse events.
    Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02145351.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Female ; Aged ; Male ; Heart Failure/therapy ; Heart Failure/physiopathology ; Stroke Volume ; Atrial Fibrillation ; Double-Blind Method ; Exercise Test
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-03-20
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2958-0
    ISSN 1538-3598 ; 0254-9077 ; 0002-9955 ; 0098-7484
    ISSN (online) 1538-3598
    ISSN 0254-9077 ; 0002-9955 ; 0098-7484
    DOI 10.1001/jama.2023.0675
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  5. Article ; Online: Contribution of the μ-opioid receptor system to affective disorders in temporal lobe epilepsy: A bidirectional relationship?

    Sone, Daichi / Galovic, Marian / Myers, Jim / Leonhardt, Georg / Rabiner, Ilan / Duncan, John S / Koepp, Matthias J / Foong, Jacqueline

    Epilepsia

    2022  Volume 64, Issue 2, Page(s) 420–429

    Abstract: Objective: Affective disorders are frequent comorbidities of temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE). The endogenous opioid system has been implicated in both epilepsy and affective disorders, and may play a significant role in their bidirectional relationship. In ...

    Abstract Objective: Affective disorders are frequent comorbidities of temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE). The endogenous opioid system has been implicated in both epilepsy and affective disorders, and may play a significant role in their bidirectional relationship. In this cross-sectional study, we investigated the association between μ-opioid receptor binding and affective disorders in patients with TLE.
    Methods: Nine patients with TLE and depression/anxiety underwent
    Results: We observed widely reduced CFN binding potential (BP) in bilateral frontal lobes and striata in patients with TLE compared to healthy controls. In the TLE group, more severe anxiety and negative affect were associated with decreased CFN BP in the posterior cingulate gyrus.
    Significance: In patients with TLE, interictally reduced binding in the opioid system was associated with higher levels of anxiety and negative affect. We speculate that seizure-related agonist-driven desensitization and downregulation of opioid receptors could be a potential underlying pathomechanism.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe/complications ; Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe/diagnostic imaging ; Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe/metabolism ; Analgesics, Opioid ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Mood Disorders/diagnostic imaging ; Mood Disorders/etiology ; Positron-Emission Tomography/methods ; Receptors, Opioid ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging
    Chemical Substances Analgesics, Opioid ; Receptors, Opioid
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-12-28
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 216382-2
    ISSN 1528-1167 ; 0013-9580
    ISSN (online) 1528-1167
    ISSN 0013-9580
    DOI 10.1111/epi.17463
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  6. Article ; Online: Interleukin-6 in Patients With Heart Failure and Preserved Ejection Fraction.

    Alogna, Alessio / Koepp, Katlyn E / Sabbah, Michael / Espindola Netto, Jair M / Jensen, Michael D / Kirkland, James L / Lam, Carolyn S P / Obokata, Masaru / Petrie, Mark C / Ridker, Paul M / Sorimachi, Hidemi / Tchkonia, Tamara / Voors, Adriaan / Redfield, Margaret M / Borlaug, Barry A

    JACC. Heart failure

    2023  Volume 11, Issue 11, Page(s) 1549–1561

    Abstract: ... walk distance (276 ± 107 m vs 332 ± 106 m vs 352 ± 116 m, P < 0.0001), even after accounting ...

    Abstract Background: Interleukin (IL)-6 is a central inflammatory mediator and potential therapeutic target in heart failure (HF). Prior studies have shown that IL-6 concentrations are elevated in patients with HF, but much fewer data are available in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF).
    Objectives: This study aims to determine how IL-6 relates to changes in cardiac function, congestion, body composition, and exercise tolerance in HFpEF.
    Methods: Clinical, laboratory, body composition, exercise capacity, physiologic and health status data across 4 National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute-sponsored trials were analyzed according to the tertiles of IL-6.
    Results: IL-6 was measured in 374 patients with HFpEF. Patients with highest IL-6 levels had greater body mass index; higher N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide, C-reactive protein, and tumor necrosis factor-α levels; worse renal function; and lower hemoglobin levels, and were more likely to have diabetes. Although cardiac structure and function measured at rest were similar, patients with HFpEF and highest IL-6 concentrations had more severely impaired peak oxygen consumption (12.3 ± 3.3 mL/kg/min 13.1 ± 3.1 mL/kg/min 14.4 ± 3.9 mL/kg/min, P < 0.0001) as well as 6-minute walk distance (276 ± 107 m vs 332 ± 106 m vs 352 ± 116 m, P < 0.0001), even after accounting for increases in IL-6 related to excess body mass. IL-6 concentrations were associated with increases in total body fat and trunk fat, more severe symptoms during submaximal exercise, and poorer patient-reported health status.
    Conclusions: IL-6 levels are commonly elevated in HFpEF, and are associated with greater symptom severity, poorer exercise capacity, and more upper body fat accumulation. These findings support testing the hypothesis that therapies that inhibit IL-6 in patients with HFpEF may improve clinical status. (Clinical Trial Registrations: Phosphodiesterase-5 Inhibition to Improve Clinical Status and Exercise Capacity in Diastolic Heart Failure [RELAX], NCT00763867; Nitrate's Effect on Activity Tolerance in Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction, NCT02053493; Inorganic Nitrite Delivery to Improve Exercise Capacity in HFpEF, NCT02742129; Inorganic Nitrite to Enhance Benefits From Exercise Training in Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction [HFpEF], NCT02713126).
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Heart Failure ; Interleukin-6/pharmacology ; Interleukin-6/therapeutic use ; Stroke Volume/physiology ; Nitrites/pharmacology ; Nitrites/therapeutic use ; Heart ; Exercise Tolerance/physiology
    Chemical Substances Interleukin-6 ; Nitrites
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-08-09
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
    ZDB-ID 2705621-1
    ISSN 2213-1787 ; 2213-1779
    ISSN (online) 2213-1787
    ISSN 2213-1779
    DOI 10.1016/j.jchf.2023.06.031
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  7. Article ; Online: Verbal fluency functional magnetic resonance imaging detects anti-seizure effects and affective side effects of perampanel in people with focal epilepsy.

    Xiao, Fenglai / Caciagli, Lorenzo / Wandschneider, Britta / Fleury, Marine / Binding, Lawrence / Giampiccolo, Davide / Hill, Andrea / Galovic, Marian / Foong, Jaqueline / Zhou, Dong / Sander, Josemir W / Duncan, John S / Koepp, Matthias J

    Epilepsia

    2023  Volume 64, Issue 2, Page(s) e9–e15

    Abstract: Perampanel, a noncompetitive antagonist of the postsynaptic a-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic (AMPA) receptor, is effective for controlling focal to bilateral tonic-clonic seizures but is also known to increase feelings of anger. Using ... ...

    Abstract Perampanel, a noncompetitive antagonist of the postsynaptic a-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic (AMPA) receptor, is effective for controlling focal to bilateral tonic-clonic seizures but is also known to increase feelings of anger. Using statistical parametric mapping-derived measures of activation and task-modulated functional connectivity (psychophysiologic interaction), we investigated 14 people with focal epilepsy who had verbal fluency functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) twice, before and after the add-on treatment of perampanel. For comparison, we included 28 people with epilepsy, propensity-matched for clinical characteristics, who had two scans but no change in anti-seizure medication (ASM) regimen in-between. After commencing perampanel, individuals had higher task-related activations in left orbitofrontal cortex (OFC), fewer task-related activations in the subcortical regions including the left thalamus and left caudate, and lower task-related thalamocaudate and caudate-subtantial nigra connectivity. Decreased task-related connectivity is observed between the left OFC and precuneus and left medial frontal lobe. Our results highlight the brain regions associated with the beneficiary therapeutic effects on focal to bilateral tonic-clonic seizures (thalamus and caudate) but also the undesired affective side effects of perampanel with increased anger and aggression (OFC).
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Anticonvulsants/adverse effects ; Epilepsies, Partial/diagnostic imaging ; Epilepsies, Partial/drug therapy ; Pyridones/adverse effects ; Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Seizures/diagnostic imaging ; Seizures/drug therapy ; Seizures/chemically induced ; Treatment Outcome
    Chemical Substances perampanel (H821664NPK) ; Anticonvulsants ; Pyridones
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-01-08
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 216382-2
    ISSN 1528-1167 ; 0013-9580
    ISSN (online) 1528-1167
    ISSN 0013-9580
    DOI 10.1111/epi.17493
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  8. Article ; Online: Antiepileptogenesis after stroke-trials and tribulations: Methodological challenges and recruitment results of a Phase II study with eslicarbazepine acetate.

    Koepp, Matthias J / Trinka, Eugen / Mah, Yee-Haur / Bentes, Carla / Knake, Susanne / Gigli, Gian Luigi / Serratosa, José M / Zelano, Johan / Magalhães, Luís M / Pereira, Ana / Moreira, Joana / Soares-da-Silva, Patrício

    Epilepsia open

    2023  Volume 8, Issue 3, Page(s) 1190–1201

    Abstract: ... after acute intracerebral hemorrhage or acute ischemic stroke were randomized to receive ESL 800 mg/d or ...

    Abstract There is currently no evidence to support the use of antiseizure medications to prevent unprovoked seizures following stroke. Experimental animal models suggested a potential antiepileptogenic effect for eslicarbazepine acetate (ESL), and a Phase II, multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study was designed to test this hypothesis and assess whether ESL treatment for 1 month can prevent unprovoked seizures following stroke. We outline the design and status of this antiepileptogenesis study, and discuss the challenges encountered in its execution to date. Patients at high risk of developing unprovoked seizures after acute intracerebral hemorrhage or acute ischemic stroke were randomized to receive ESL 800 mg/d or placebo, initiated within 120 hours after primary stroke occurrence. Treatment continued until Day 30, then tapered off. Patients could receive all necessary therapies for stroke treatment according to clinical practice guidelines and standard of care, and are being followed up for 18 months. The primary efficacy endpoint is the occurrence of a first unprovoked seizure within 6 months after randomization ("failure rate"). Secondary efficacy assessments include the occurrence of a first unprovoked seizure during 12 months after randomization and during the entire study; functional outcomes (Barthel Index original 10-item version; National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale); post-stroke depression (Patient Health Questionnaire-9; PHQ-9); and overall survival. Safety assessments include the evaluation of treatment-emergent adverse events; laboratory parameters; vital signs; electrocardiogram; suicidal ideation and behavior (PHQ-9 question 9). The protocol aimed to randomize approximately 200 patients (1:1), recruited from 21 sites in seven European countries and Israel. Despite the challenges encountered, particularly during the COVID-19 pandemic, the study progressed and included a remarkable number of patients, with 129 screened and 125 randomized. Recruitment was stopped after 30 months, the first patient entered in May 2019, and the study is ongoing and following up on patients according to the Clinical Trial Protocol.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; COVID-19 ; Ischemic Stroke ; Pandemics/prevention & control ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Seizures ; Stroke/drug therapy
    Chemical Substances eslicarbazepine acetate (BEA68ZVB2K)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-06-12
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Clinical Trial, Phase II ; Journal Article ; Multicenter Study ; Randomized Controlled Trial ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ISSN 2470-9239
    ISSN (online) 2470-9239
    DOI 10.1002/epi4.12735
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  9. Article ; Online: Salutary Acute Effects of Exercise on Central Hemodynamics in Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction.

    Obokata, Masaru / Reddy, Yogesh N V / Koepp, Katlyn E / Stewart, Glenn M / Olson, Thomas P / Melenovsky, Vojtech / Burkhoff, Daniel / Borlaug, Barry A

    Journal of cardiac failure

    2021  Volume 27, Issue 12, Page(s) 1313–1320

    Abstract: Background: A warmup period of priming exercise has been shown to improve peripheral oxygen transport in older adults. We sought to determine the acute effects of priming exercise on central hemodynamics at rest and during a repeat exercise in heart ... ...

    Abstract Background: A warmup period of priming exercise has been shown to improve peripheral oxygen transport in older adults. We sought to determine the acute effects of priming exercise on central hemodynamics at rest and during a repeat exercise in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF).
    Methods and results: This is a post hoc analysis from 3 studies. Patients with HFpEF (n = 42) underwent cardiac catheterization with simultaneous expired gas analysis at rest and during exercise (20 W for 5 minutes, priming exercise). Measurements were then repeated at rest and during a second bout of exercise at a 20-W workload (second exercise). During the priming exercise, patients with HFpEF displayed dramatic increases in biventricular filling pressures and exercise-induced pulmonary hypertension. After the priming exercise at rest, biventricular filling pressures and pulmonary artery (PA) pressures were lower and lung tidal volume was increased. During the second bout of exercise, biventricular filling (PA wedge pressure, 29 ± 8 mm Hg at second exercise vs 32 ± 7 mm Hg at first exercise, P = .0003) and PA pressures were lower, and PA compliance increased.
    Conclusions: This study shows that short duration, submaximal priming exercise attenuates the pathologic increases in filling pressures, improving pulmonary vascular hemodynamics at rest and during repeat exercise in patients with HFpEF.
    MeSH term(s) Aged ; Exercise Test ; Exercise Tolerance ; Heart Failure/therapy ; Hemodynamics ; Humans ; Stroke Volume ; Ventricular Function, Left
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-05-08
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1281194-4
    ISSN 1532-8414 ; 1071-9164
    ISSN (online) 1532-8414
    ISSN 1071-9164
    DOI 10.1016/j.cardfail.2021.04.014
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  10. Article ; Online: Identification of different MRI atrophy progression trajectories in epilepsy by subtype and stage inference.

    Xiao, Fenglai / Caciagli, Lorenzo / Wandschneider, Britta / Sone, Daichi / Young, Alexandra L / Vos, Sjoerd B / Winston, Gavin P / Zhang, Yingying / Liu, Wenyu / An, Dongmei / Kanber, Baris / Zhou, Dong / Sander, Josemir W / Thom, Maria / Duncan, John S / Alexander, Daniel C / Galovic, Marian / Koepp, Matthias J

    Brain : a journal of neurology

    2023  Volume 146, Issue 11, Page(s) 4702–4716

    Abstract: Artificial intelligence (AI)-based tools are widely employed, but their use for diagnosis and prognosis of neurological disorders is still evolving. Here we analyse a cross-sectional multicentre structural MRI dataset of 696 people with epilepsy and 118 ... ...

    Abstract Artificial intelligence (AI)-based tools are widely employed, but their use for diagnosis and prognosis of neurological disorders is still evolving. Here we analyse a cross-sectional multicentre structural MRI dataset of 696 people with epilepsy and 118 control subjects. We use an innovative machine-learning algorithm, Subtype and Stage Inference, to develop a novel data-driven disease taxonomy, whereby epilepsy subtypes correspond to distinct patterns of spatiotemporal progression of brain atrophy.In a discovery cohort of 814 individuals, we identify two subtypes common to focal and idiopathic generalized epilepsies, characterized by progression of grey matter atrophy driven by the cortex or the basal ganglia. A third subtype, only detected in focal epilepsies, was characterized by hippocampal atrophy. We corroborate external validity via an independent cohort of 254 people and confirm that the basal ganglia subtype is associated with the most severe epilepsy.Our findings suggest fundamental processes underlying the progression of epilepsy-related brain atrophy. We deliver a novel MRI- and AI-guided epilepsy taxonomy, which could be used for individualized prognostics and targeted therapeutics.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Brain/diagnostic imaging ; Brain/pathology ; Artificial Intelligence ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Epilepsy/diagnostic imaging ; Epilepsy/pathology ; Atrophy/pathology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-10-09
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 80072-7
    ISSN 1460-2156 ; 0006-8950
    ISSN (online) 1460-2156
    ISSN 0006-8950
    DOI 10.1093/brain/awad284
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