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Article ; Online: Dispersal synchronizes giant kelp forests.

Wanner, Miriam S / Walter, Jonathan A / Reuman, Daniel C / Bell, Tom W / Castorani, Max C N

2024 Volume 105, Issue 4, Page(s) e4270

Abstract: Spatial synchrony is the tendency for population fluctuations to be correlated among different locations. This phenomenon is a ubiquitous feature of population dynamics and is important for ecosystem stability, but several aspects of synchrony remain ... ...

Abstract	Spatial synchrony is the tendency for population fluctuations to be correlated among different locations. This phenomenon is a ubiquitous feature of population dynamics and is important for ecosystem stability, but several aspects of synchrony remain unresolved. In particular, the extent to which any particular mechanism, such as dispersal, contributes to observed synchrony in natural populations has been difficult to determine. To address this gap, we leveraged recent methodological improvements to determine how dispersal structures synchrony in giant kelp (Macrocystis pyrifera), a global marine foundation species that has served as a useful system for understanding synchrony. We quantified population synchrony and fecundity with satellite imagery across 11 years and 880 km of coastline in southern California, USA, and estimated propagule dispersal probabilities using a high-resolution ocean circulation model. Using matrix regression models that control for the influence of geographic distance, resources (seawater nitrate), and disturbance (destructive waves), we discovered that dispersal was an important driver of synchrony. Our findings were robust to assumptions about propagule mortality during dispersal and consistent between two metrics of dispersal: (1) the individual probability of dispersal and (2) estimates of demographic connectivity that incorporate fecundity (the number of propagules dispersing). We also found that dispersal and environmental conditions resulted in geographic clusters with distinct patterns of synchrony. This study is among the few to statistically associate synchrony with dispersal in a natural population and the first to do so in a marine organism. The synchronizing effects of dispersal and environmental conditions on foundation species, such as giant kelp, likely have cascading effects on the spatial stability of biodiversity and ecosystem function.
MeSH term(s)	Macrocystis ; Ecosystem ; Kelp ; Forests ; Population Dynamics
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-28
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2010140-5
ISSN	1939-9170 ; 0012-9658
ISSN (online)	1939-9170
ISSN	0012-9658
DOI	10.1002/ecy.4270
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Spatial synchrony cascades across ecosystem boundaries and up food webs via resource subsidies.

Walter, Jonathan A / Emery, Kyle A / Dugan, Jenifer E / Hubbard, David M / Bell, Tom W / Sheppard, Lawrence W / Karatayev, Vadim A / Cavanaugh, Kyle C / Reuman, Daniel C / Castorani, Max C N

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

2024 Volume 121, Issue 2, Page(s) e2310052120

Abstract: Cross-ecosystem subsidies are critical to ecosystem structure and function, especially in recipient ecosystems where they are the primary source of organic matter to the food web. Subsidies are indicative of processes connecting ecosystems and can couple ...

Abstract	Cross-ecosystem subsidies are critical to ecosystem structure and function, especially in recipient ecosystems where they are the primary source of organic matter to the food web. Subsidies are indicative of processes connecting ecosystems and can couple ecological dynamics across system boundaries. However, the degree to which such flows can induce cross-ecosystem cascades of spatial synchrony, the tendency for system fluctuations to be correlated across locations, is not well understood. Synchrony has destabilizing effects on ecosystems, adding to the importance of understanding spatiotemporal patterns of synchrony transmission. In order to understand whether and how spatial synchrony cascades across the marine-terrestrial boundary via resource subsidies, we studied the relationship between giant kelp forests on rocky nearshore reefs and sandy beach ecosystems that receive resource subsidies in the form of kelp wrack (detritus). We found that synchrony cascades from rocky reefs to sandy beaches, with spatiotemporal patterns mediated by fluctuations in live kelp biomass, wave action, and beach width. Moreover, wrack deposition synchronized local abundances of shorebirds that move among beaches seeking to forage on wrack-associated invertebrates, demonstrating that synchrony due to subsidies propagates across trophic levels in the recipient ecosystem. Synchronizing resource subsidies likely play an underappreciated role in the spatiotemporal structure, functioning, and stability of ecosystems.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Ecosystem ; Food Chain ; Invertebrates ; Biomass ; Forests ; Kelp
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-02
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	209104-5
ISSN	1091-6490 ; 0027-8424
ISSN (online)	1091-6490
ISSN	0027-8424
DOI	10.1073/pnas.2310052120
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Article ; Online: Disturbance and nutrients synchronise kelp forests across scales through interacting Moran effects.

Castorani, Max C N / Bell, Tom W / Walter, Jonathan A / Reuman, Daniel C / Cavanaugh, Kyle C / Sheppard, Lawrence W

Ecology letters

2022 Volume 25, Issue 8, Page(s) 1854–1868

Abstract: Spatial synchrony is a ubiquitous and important feature of population dynamics, but many aspects of this phenomenon are not well understood. In particular, it is largely unknown how multiple environmental drivers interact to determine synchrony via Moran ...

Abstract	Spatial synchrony is a ubiquitous and important feature of population dynamics, but many aspects of this phenomenon are not well understood. In particular, it is largely unknown how multiple environmental drivers interact to determine synchrony via Moran effects, and how these impacts vary across spatial and temporal scales. Using new wavelet statistical techniques, we characterised synchrony in populations of giant kelp Macrocystis pyrifera, a widely distributed marine foundation species, and related synchrony to variation in oceanographic conditions across 33 years (1987-2019) and >900 km of coastline in California, USA. We discovered that disturbance (storm-driven waves) and resources (seawater nutrients)-underpinned by climatic variability-act individually and interactively to produce synchrony in giant kelp across geography and timescales. Our findings demonstrate that understanding and predicting synchrony, and thus the regional stability of populations, relies on resolving the synergistic and antagonistic Moran effects of multiple environmental drivers acting on different timescales.
MeSH term(s)	Ecosystem ; Forests ; Kelp ; Macrocystis ; Nutrients
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-06-30
Publishing country	England
Document type	Letter
ZDB-ID	1441608-6
ISSN	1461-0248 ; 1461-023X
ISSN (online)	1461-0248
ISSN	1461-023X
DOI	10.1111/ele.14066
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Article ; Online: Tail-dependent spatial synchrony arises from nonlinear driver-response relationships.

Walter, Jonathan A / Castorani, Max C N / Bell, Tom W / Sheppard, Lawrence W / Cavanaugh, Kyle C / Reuman, Daniel C

Ecology letters

2022 Volume 25, Issue 5, Page(s) 1189–1201

Abstract: Spatial synchrony may be tail-dependent, that is, stronger when populations are abundant than scarce, or vice-versa. Here, 'tail-dependent' follows from distributions having a lower tail consisting of relatively low values and an upper tail of relatively ...

Abstract	Spatial synchrony may be tail-dependent, that is, stronger when populations are abundant than scarce, or vice-versa. Here, 'tail-dependent' follows from distributions having a lower tail consisting of relatively low values and an upper tail of relatively high values. We present a general theory of how the distribution and correlation structure of an environmental driver translates into tail-dependent spatial synchrony through a non-linear response, and examine empirical evidence for theoretical predictions in giant kelp along the California coastline. In sheltered areas, kelp declines synchronously (lower-tail dependence) when waves are relatively intense, because waves below a certain height do little damage to kelp. Conversely, in exposed areas, kelp is synchronised primarily by periods of calmness that cause shared recovery (upper-tail dependence). We find evidence for geographies of tail dependence in synchrony, which helps structure regional population resilience: areas where population declines are asynchronous may be more resilient to disturbance because remnant populations facilitate reestablishment.
MeSH term(s)	Ecosystem ; Geography ; Geraniaceae ; Kelp ; Macrocystis
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-03-04
Publishing country	England
Document type	Letter
ZDB-ID	1441608-6
ISSN	1461-0248 ; 1461-023X
ISSN (online)	1461-0248
ISSN	1461-023X
DOI	10.1111/ele.13991
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Article: HPV E1 qPCR, a Low-Cost Alternative Assay to Roche Diagnostic Linear Array is Effective in Identifying Women at Risk for Developing Cervical Cancer.

Piyathilake, Chandrika J / Badiga, Suguna / Simons, Janice L / Bell, Walter C / Jolly, Pauline E

International journal of women's health

2022 Volume 14, Page(s) 257–266

Abstract: Objective: Since a quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) assay targeting the E1 region of HPV genome is cost-effective/simple to perform, we evaluated the agreement between the Roche Diagnostics Linear Array (RDLA) genotyping test and qPCR-based ...

Abstract	Objective: Since a quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) assay targeting the E1 region of HPV genome is cost-effective/simple to perform, we evaluated the agreement between the Roche Diagnostics Linear Array (RDLA) genotyping test and qPCR-based E1 assay to detect HR-HPV genotypes that are included or not included in HPV vaccines and compared their accuracy to detect CIN 2+. Methods: Study population included 257 African American (AA) and 266 Caucasian American (CA) diagnosed with intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) grades ≤CIN 1 or ≥CIN 2 (CIN 2+) and tested for HPV by the RDLA and E1 assay. The concordance was determined using Gwet's AC1. The calculated positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) of the two assays were used to determine their suitability to detect CIN lesions. Results: Overall, the E1 assay showed substantial agreement with the RDLA assay to detect any HR-HPV genotype and the agreement was higher in women diagnosed with CIN 2+ than ≤CIN 1. The concordance was largely higher in Cas than in Aas. The NPV and PPV values to detect CIN lesions were similar between the two assays. Conclusion: Utilization of the HPV E1 assay as a tool for CC screening could be a cost-effective approach that applies to both vaccinated and unvaccinated populations.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-02-19
Publishing country	New Zealand
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2508161-5
ISSN	1179-1411
ISSN	1179-1411
DOI	10.2147/IJWH.S347546
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Article: Tail‐dependent spatial synchrony arises from nonlinear driver–response relationships

Walter, Jonathan A. / Castorani, Max C. N. / Bell, Tom W. / Sheppard, Lawrence W. / Cavanaugh, Kyle C. / Reuman, Daniel C.

Ecology letters. 2022 May, v. 25, no. 5

2022

Abstract: Spatial synchrony may be tail‐dependent, that is, stronger when populations are abundant than scarce, or vice‐versa. Here, ‘tail‐dependent’ follows from distributions having a lower tail consisting of relatively low values and an upper tail of relatively ...

Abstract	Spatial synchrony may be tail‐dependent, that is, stronger when populations are abundant than scarce, or vice‐versa. Here, ‘tail‐dependent’ follows from distributions having a lower tail consisting of relatively low values and an upper tail of relatively high values. We present a general theory of how the distribution and correlation structure of an environmental driver translates into tail‐dependent spatial synchrony through a non‐linear response, and examine empirical evidence for theoretical predictions in giant kelp along the California coastline. In sheltered areas, kelp declines synchronously (lower‐tail dependence) when waves are relatively intense, because waves below a certain height do little damage to kelp. Conversely, in exposed areas, kelp is synchronised primarily by periods of calmness that cause shared recovery (upper‐tail dependence). We find evidence for geographies of tail dependence in synchrony, which helps structure regional population resilience: areas where population declines are asynchronous may be more resilient to disturbance because remnant populations facilitate reestablishment.
Keywords	coasts ; macroalgae ; California
Language	English
Dates of publication	2022-05
Size	p. 1189-1201.
Publishing place	John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
Document type	Article
Note	LETTER
ZDB-ID	1441608-6
ISSN	1461-0248 ; 1461-023X
ISSN (online)	1461-0248
ISSN	1461-023X
DOI	10.1111/ele.13991
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: Granular Cell Tumor Within an Ovarian Mature Cystic Teratoma: Report of a Unique Case and Review of the Literature.

Borak, Samuel G / Ross, John R / Bell, Walter C

International journal of gynecological pathology : official journal of the International Society of Gynecological Pathologists

2017 Volume 36, Issue 5, Page(s) 453–458

Abstract: Granular cell tumors involving the female reproductive tract are rare, with only a small number of cases described. Of the reported cases, none are documented within an ovarian mature cystic teratoma (MCT). This report documents a case of a granular cell ...

Abstract	Granular cell tumors involving the female reproductive tract are rare, with only a small number of cases described. Of the reported cases, none are documented within an ovarian mature cystic teratoma (MCT). This report documents a case of a granular cell tumor, incidentally discovered within an ovarian MCT in a 50-yr-old woman undergoing a supracervical hysterectomy and left salpingo-oophorectomy. Although malignant transformation and other secondary ovarian neoplasms in MCT have been well documented, synchronous nonovarian benign neoplasms are reported much less frequently. The histogenesis of secondary tumors arising in MCT is incompletely understood, and the current case provides additional insight, especially pertaining to schwannian and neuroectodermal tumors arising in this setting. The current case, to the best of our knowledge, represents the first report of a granular cell tumor involving a mature teratoma of any site, with the diagnosis being supported by morphologic and immunohistochemical staining characteristics.
Language	English
Publishing date	2017-09
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	604859-6
ISSN	1538-7151 ; 0277-1691
ISSN (online)	1538-7151
ISSN	0277-1691
DOI	10.1097/PGP.0000000000000332
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Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (1.OG)
ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)

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Article: Disturbance and nutrients synchronise kelp forests across scales through interacting Moran effects

Castorani, Max C. N. / Bell, Tom W. / Walter, Jonathan A. / Reuman, Daniel C. / Cavanaugh, Kyle C. / Sheppard, Lawrence W.

Ecology letters. 2022 Aug., v. 25, no. 8

2022

Abstract	Spatial synchrony is a ubiquitous and important feature of population dynamics, but many aspects of this phenomenon are not well understood. In particular, it is largely unknown how multiple environmental drivers interact to determine synchrony via Moran effects, and how these impacts vary across spatial and temporal scales. Using new wavelet statistical techniques, we characterised synchrony in populations of giant kelp Macrocystis pyrifera, a widely distributed marine foundation species, and related synchrony to variation in oceanographic conditions across 33 years (1987–2019) and >900 km of coastline in California, USA. We discovered that disturbance (storm‐driven waves) and resources (seawater nutrients)—underpinned by climatic variability—act individually and interactively to produce synchrony in giant kelp across geography and timescales. Our findings demonstrate that understanding and predicting synchrony, and thus the regional stability of populations, relies on resolving the synergistic and antagonistic Moran effects of multiple environmental drivers acting on different timescales.
Keywords	Macrocystis pyrifera ; coasts ; geography ; macroalgae ; population dynamics ; seawater ; wavelet ; California
Language	English
Dates of publication	2022-08
Size	p. 1854-1868.
Publishing place	John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
Document type	Article
Note	LETTER
ZDB-ID	1441608-6
ISSN	1461-0248 ; 1461-023X
ISSN (online)	1461-0248
ISSN	1461-023X
DOI	10.1111/ele.14066
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article: Surgical pathology of the parathyroid glands.

Bell, Walter C

Advances in experimental medicine and biology

2005 Volume 563, Page(s) 1–9

MeSH term(s)	Adenoma/pathology ; Adenoma/surgery ; Carcinoma/pathology ; Carcinoma/surgery ; Humans ; Hyperparathyroidism/pathology ; Hyperparathyroidism/surgery ; Hyperplasia/pathology ; Intraoperative Period ; Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures ; Parathyroid Diseases/pathology ; Parathyroid Diseases/surgery ; Parathyroid Neoplasms/pathology ; Parathyroid Neoplasms/surgery ; Pathology, Surgical ; Referral and Consultation
Language	English
Publishing date	2005
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ISSN	2214-8019 ; 0065-2598
ISSN (online)	2214-8019
ISSN	0065-2598
DOI	10.1007/0-387-32025-3_1
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Quality management of biorepositories.

Grizzle, William E / Gunter, Elaine W / Sexton, Katherine C / Bell, Walter C

Biopreservation and biobanking

2015 Volume 13, Issue 3, Page(s) 183–194

Abstract: Biomedical investigators require high quality human tissue to support their research; thus, an important aspect of the provision of tissues by biorepositories is the assurance of high quality and consistency of processing specimens. This is best ... ...

Abstract	Biomedical investigators require high quality human tissue to support their research; thus, an important aspect of the provision of tissues by biorepositories is the assurance of high quality and consistency of processing specimens. This is best accomplished by a quality management system (QMS). This article describes the basis of a QMS program designed to aid biorepositories that want to improve their operations. In 1983, the UAB Tissue Collection and Biobanking Facility (TCBF) introduced a QMS program focused on providing solid tissues to support a wide range of research; this QMS included a quality control examination of the specific specimens provided for research. Similarly, the Division of Laboratory Sciences at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) introduced a QMS program for their laboratory analyses, focused primarily on bodily fluids. The authors of this article bring together the experience of the QMS programs at these two sites to facilitate the development or improvement of quality management systems of a wide range of biorepositories.
MeSH term(s)	Accreditation ; Bias ; Biological Specimen Banks/standards ; Body Fluids ; Certification ; Clinical Audit ; Humans ; Quality Assurance, Health Care ; Quality Control ; Tissue Banks
Language	English
Publishing date	2015-05-27
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
ZDB-ID	2593993-2
ISSN	1947-5543 ; 1947-5535
ISSN (online)	1947-5543
ISSN	1947-5535
DOI	10.1089/bio.2014.0105
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