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  1. Article ; Online: Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on depression during pregnancy: a cross-sectional study.

    Seok, Da-Bin / Ju, Hyeon Ok

    Korean journal of women health nursing

    2023  Volume 29, Issue 1, Page(s) 44–54

    Abstract: Purpose: Uncertainty and restrictions on daily life have increased fear, stress, and depression during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Depression is the most common mental health problem in pregnant women. The purpose of this study was ...

    Abstract Purpose: Uncertainty and restrictions on daily life have increased fear, stress, and depression during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Depression is the most common mental health problem in pregnant women. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the levels of fear and stress related to COVID-19 experienced by pregnant women, as well as their levels of depression, and to examine the factors associated with depression during pregnancy.
    Methods: This was a cross-sectional, correlational study conducted among 153 pregnant women who visited a maternity hospital in Busan, South Korea. A self-reported questionnaire was used for data collection from December 18, 2021 to March 8, 2022. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, the independent t-test, one-way analysis of variance, Pearson correlation coefficients, and multiple regression.
    Results: Pregnant women experienced a moderate level of fear related to COVID-19, with an average score of 21.55±4.90. The average score for depression during pregnancy was 14.86±11.10, with 50.3% of the participants experiencing depression (≥13). The factors associated with depression during pregnancy were fear of COVID-19, contact with a confirmed case of COVID-19, being in the third trimester of pregnancy, high stress levels due to difficulties experienced from social distancing measures, and unintended pregnancy. These five statistically significant factors explained 35.0% of variance in depression during pregnancy.
    Conclusion: Considering the prevalence of depression in pregnant women during the COVID-19 pandemic, it is necessary to develop interventions to reduce anxiety by providing correct information and alleviating the stress of social distancing.
    Language Korean
    Publishing date 2023-03-31
    Publishing country Korea (South)
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2093-7695
    ISSN (online) 2093-7695
    DOI 10.4069/kjwhn.2023.02.21.2
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  2. Article ; Online: Epigallocatechin gallate improves neuronal damage in animal model of ischemic stroke and glutamate-exposed neurons via modulation of hippocalcin expression.

    Park, Dong-Ju / Kang, Ju-Bin / Koh, Phil-Ok

    PloS one

    2024  Volume 19, Issue 3, Page(s) e0299042

    Abstract: Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) is a polyphenolic component of green tea that has anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory effects in neurons. Ischemic stroke is a major neurological disease that causes irreversible brain disorders. It increases the ... ...

    Abstract Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) is a polyphenolic component of green tea that has anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory effects in neurons. Ischemic stroke is a major neurological disease that causes irreversible brain disorders. It increases the intracellular calcium concentration and induces apoptosis. The regulation of intracellular calcium concentration is important to maintain the function of the nervous system. Hippocalcin is a neuronal calcium sensor protein that controls intracellular calcium concentration. We investigated whether EGCG treatment regulates the expression of hippocalcin in stroke animal model and glutamate-induced neuronal damage. We performed middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) to induce cerebral ischemia. EGCG (50 mg/kg) or phosphate buffered saline was injected into the abdominal cavity just before MCAO surgery. The neurobehavioral tests were performed 24 h after MCAO surgery and cerebral cortex tissue was collected. MCAO damage induced severe neurobehavioral disorders, increased infarct volume, and decreased the expression of hippocalcin in the cerebral cortex. However, EGCG treatment improved these deficits and alleviated the decrease in hippocalcin expression in cerebral cortex. In addition, EGCG dose-dependently alleviated neuronal cell death and intracellular calcium overload in glutamate-exposed neurons. Glutamate exposure reduced hippocalcin expression, decreased Bcl-2 expression, and increased Bax expression. However, EGCG treatment mitigated these changes caused by glutamate toxicity. EGCG also attenuated the increase in caspase-3 and cleaved caspase-3 expressions caused by glutamate exposure. The effect of EGCG was more pronounced in non-transfected cells than in hippocalcin siRNA-transfected cells. These findings demonstrate that EGCG protects neurons against glutamate toxicity through the regulation of Bcl-2 family proteins and caspase-3. It is known that hippocalcin exerts anti-apoptotic effect through the modulation of apoptotic pathway. Thus, we can suggest evidence that EGCG has a neuroprotective effect by regulating hippocalcin expression in ischemic brain damage and glutamate-exposed cells.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Apoptosis ; Calcium/metabolism ; Caspase 3/metabolism ; Catechin/analogs & derivatives ; Glutamic Acid/metabolism ; Hippocalcin/genetics ; Hippocalcin/metabolism ; Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery/complications ; Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery/drug therapy ; Ischemic Stroke/metabolism ; Neurons/metabolism ; Neuroprotective Agents/pharmacology ; Neuroprotective Agents/therapeutic use ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2/metabolism ; Disease Models, Animal
    Chemical Substances Calcium (SY7Q814VUP) ; Caspase 3 (EC 3.4.22.-) ; Catechin (8R1V1STN48) ; epigallocatechin gallate (BQM438CTEL) ; Glutamic Acid (3KX376GY7L) ; Hippocalcin (149223-81-4) ; Neuroprotective Agents ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-03-01
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2267670-3
    ISSN 1932-6203 ; 1932-6203
    ISSN (online) 1932-6203
    ISSN 1932-6203
    DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0299042
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  3. Article ; Online: Retinoic Acid Has Neuroprotective effects by Modulating Thioredoxin in Ischemic Brain Damage and Glutamate-exposed Neurons.

    Kang, Ju-Bin / Koh, Phil-Ok

    Neuroscience

    2023  Volume 521, Page(s) 166–181

    Abstract: Ischemic stroke is a neurological disorder that causes pathological changes by increasing oxidative stress. Retinoic acid is one of the metabolites of vitamin A. It regulates oxidative stress and exerts neuroprotective effects. Thioredoxin is a small ... ...

    Abstract Ischemic stroke is a neurological disorder that causes pathological changes by increasing oxidative stress. Retinoic acid is one of the metabolites of vitamin A. It regulates oxidative stress and exerts neuroprotective effects. Thioredoxin is a small redox protein with antioxidant activity. The aim of this study was to investigate whether retinoic acid modulates the expression of thioredoxin in ischemic brain injury. Cerebral ischemia was induced by middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) surgery and retinoic acid (5 mg/kg) or vehicle was administered to adult male rats for four days prior to surgery. MCAO induced neurological deficits and increased oxidative stress and retinoic acid attenuated these changes. Retinoic acid ameliorated the MCAO-induced decrease in thioredoxin expression. MCAO decreases the interaction between thioredoxin and apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1 (ASK1), and retinoic acid treatment alleviates this decrease. Glutamate (5 mM) exposure induced cell death and decreased thioredoxin expression in cultured neurons. Retinoic acid treatment attenuated these changes in a dose-dependent manner. Retinoic acid prevented the decrease of bcl-2 expression and the increase of bax expression caused by glutamate exposure. Moreover, retinoic acid attenuated the increases in caspase-3, cleaved caspase-3, and cytochrome c in glutamate-exposed neurons. However, the mitigation effects of retinoic acid were lower in thioredoxin siRNA-transfected neurons than in non-transfected neurons. These results demonstrate that retinoic acid regulates oxidative stress and thioredoxin expression, maintains the interaction between thioredoxin and ASK1, and modulates apoptosis-associated proteins. Taken together, these results suggest that retinoic acid has neuroprotective effects by regulating thioredoxin expression and modulating apoptotic pathway.
    MeSH term(s) Rats ; Male ; Animals ; Glutamic Acid/pharmacology ; Neuroprotective Agents/pharmacology ; Caspase 3/metabolism ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Tretinoin/pharmacology ; Brain Ischemia/metabolism ; Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery/metabolism ; Brain/metabolism ; Thioredoxins/metabolism ; Neurons/metabolism ; Apoptosis
    Chemical Substances Glutamic Acid (3KX376GY7L) ; Neuroprotective Agents ; Caspase 3 (EC 3.4.22.-) ; Tretinoin (5688UTC01R) ; Thioredoxins (52500-60-4)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-05-04
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 196739-3
    ISSN 1873-7544 ; 0306-4522
    ISSN (online) 1873-7544
    ISSN 0306-4522
    DOI 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2023.04.028
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Non-functional bladder paraganglioma with urinary frequency: A case report.

    Chen, Bo-Han / Hsieh, Shang-Ju / Chiu, Bin

    Asian journal of surgery

    2024  Volume 47, Issue 4, Page(s) 1990–1991

    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Urinary Bladder/diagnostic imaging ; Urinary Bladder/surgery ; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging ; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/surgery ; Pheochromocytoma ; Adrenal Gland Neoplasms
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-12
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Case Reports ; Letter
    ZDB-ID 1068461-x
    ISSN 0219-3108 ; 1015-9584
    ISSN (online) 0219-3108
    ISSN 1015-9584
    DOI 10.1016/j.asjsur.2023.12.199
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Strangeness-driven exploration in multi-agent reinforcement learning.

    Kim, Ju-Bong / Choi, Ho-Bin / Han, Youn-Hee

    Neural networks : the official journal of the International Neural Network Society

    2024  Volume 172, Page(s) 106149

    Abstract: In this study, a novel exploration method for centralized training and decentralized execution (CTDE)-based multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) is introduced. The method uses the concept of strangeness, which is determined by evaluating (1) the ... ...

    Abstract In this study, a novel exploration method for centralized training and decentralized execution (CTDE)-based multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) is introduced. The method uses the concept of strangeness, which is determined by evaluating (1) the level of the unfamiliarity of the observations an agent encounters and (2) the level of the unfamiliarity of the entire state the agents visit. An exploration bonus, which is derived from the concept of strangeness, is combined with the extrinsic reward obtained from the environment to form a mixed reward, which is then used for training CTDE-based MARL algorithms. Additionally, a separate action-value function is also proposed to prevent the high exploration bonus from overwhelming the sensitivity to extrinsic rewards during MARL training. This separate function is used to design the behavioral policy for generating transitions. The proposed method is not much affected by stochastic transitions commonly observed in MARL tasks and improves the stability of CTDE-based MARL algorithms when used with an exploration method. By providing didactic examples and demonstrating the substantial performance improvement of our proposed exploration method in CTDE-based MARL algorithms, we illustrate the advantages of our approach. These evaluations highlight how our method outperforms state-of-the-art MARL baselines on challenging tasks within the StarCraft II micromanagement benchmark, underscoring its effectiveness in improving MARL.
    MeSH term(s) Learning ; Reinforcement, Psychology ; Reward ; Algorithms ; Benchmarking
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-26
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 740542-x
    ISSN 1879-2782 ; 0893-6080
    ISSN (online) 1879-2782
    ISSN 0893-6080
    DOI 10.1016/j.neunet.2024.106149
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  6. Article: Probable secondary hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis manifesting as central nervous system lesions after COVID-19 vaccination: a case report.

    Kim, Ju Hye / Chung, Ji Yeon / Bong, Jeong Bin

    Frontiers in neurology

    2024  Volume 15, Page(s) 1363072

    Abstract: Background: Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a rare systemic inflammatory disease commonly characterized by histiocyte infiltration in multiple organs, such as the liver, spleen, lymph nodes, bone marrow, and central nervous system. The ... ...

    Abstract Background: Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a rare systemic inflammatory disease commonly characterized by histiocyte infiltration in multiple organs, such as the liver, spleen, lymph nodes, bone marrow, and central nervous system. The clinical features of HLH include fever, splenomegaly, cytopenia, hypertriglyceridemia, hypofibrinogenemia, and elevated blood ferritin levels. HLH is categorized as either primary or secondary. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines may occasionally trigger secondary HLH, which is related to hyperinflammatory syndrome.
    Case presentation: A 58-year-old woman, previously diagnosed with Graves' disease, presented with cognitive decline 2 weeks after receiving the first dose of the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine. Brain MRI revealed a hyperintense lesion on T2-weighted and fluid-attenuated inversion recovery images in the bilateral subcortical white matter and right periventricular area. Vaccination-associated acute disseminated encephalomyelitis was suspected and methylprednisolone and intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg) were administered. From the 5th day of IVIg administration, the patient developed fever and pancytopenia. In the findings of bone marrow biopsy, hemophagocytosis was not observed; however, six of the eight diagnostic criteria for HLH-2004 were met, raising the possibility of HLH. Although there was no definitive method to confirm causality, considering the temporal sequence, suspicion arose regarding vaccine-induced HLH. Splenectomy was considered for therapeutic and diagnostic purposes; however, the patient died on the 28th day of hospitalization owing to multiple organ failure.
    Conclusion: To date, 23 cases of COVID-19 vaccine-related HLH have been reported. Additionally, HLH in COVID-19 patients has been reported in various case reports. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first reported case of central nervous system involvement in HLH related to any type of COVID-19 vaccine. This case suggests that even when there are no systemic symptoms after COVID-19 vaccination, HLH should be considered as a differential diagnosis if brain lesions are suggestive of CNS demyelinating disease.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-03-11
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Case Reports
    ZDB-ID 2564214-5
    ISSN 1664-2295
    ISSN 1664-2295
    DOI 10.3389/fneur.2024.1363072
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  7. Article ; Online: Risk Factor for Clinical Failure of Medial Meniscal Allograft Transplant: Early vs Late Graft Tear.

    Song, Ju-Ho / Kim, Jong-Min / Bin, Seong-Il / Lee, Bum-Sik / Lee, Jongjin

    The American journal of sports medicine

    2024  Volume 52, Issue 2, Page(s) 368–373

    Abstract: Background: Graft tears are common postoperative findings in meniscal allograft transplant (MAT). Graft tear in medial MAT may be different from that of lateral MAT, considering the difference between medial meniscal tears and lateral meniscal tears. ... ...

    Abstract Background: Graft tears are common postoperative findings in meniscal allograft transplant (MAT). Graft tear in medial MAT may be different from that of lateral MAT, considering the difference between medial meniscal tears and lateral meniscal tears. Moreover, medial MAT is frequently accompanied by ligament reconstruction, which is associated with graft tear. The effect of graft tear on the long-term survivorship of medial MAT has not been investigated.
    Hypothesis: Graft tear would adversely affect the survivorship of medial MAT and the effect would be different according to the timing of graft tear.
    Study design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3.
    Methods: A total of 55 patients undergoing medial MAT between June 2019 and March 2000 were retrospectively reviewed. Postoperative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans were reviewed to identify graft tears, and the timing of their occurrence was investigated. Postoperative MRI was performed routinely during the first postoperative year and every 2 years thereafter. The patients were classified into a no graft tear (NT) group, early graft tear (occurring within 1 year; ET) group, and late graft tear (occurring 1 year after surgery; LT) group. The survival rate of medial MAT was estimated according to graft tear, with a failure being defined as (1) reoperations including arthroplasty, realignment osteotomy, revision MAT, and meniscectomy (>50% of the graft or to the zone of the meniscocapsular junction) or (2) Lysholm score <65. Clinical scores were compared between the groups.
    Results: The mean follow-up duration was 8.6 ± 5.3 years. During that period, clinical failures occurred in 6 (10.9%) patients. The overall survival rate at 5 years was 94.0% (95% CI, 90.6%-97.4%). Graft tears were seen in 18 patients: 6 patients in the ET group and 12 patients in the LT group. The median time when the graft tear was noted on MRI scans was 5.5 months (range, 1-11 months) postoperatively in the ET group and 99.5 months (range, 19-264 months) postoperatively in the LT group. Five patients in the ET group had root tears, whereas 9 patients in the LT group had complex or horizontal tears. The 5-year survival rate of the ET group was 62.5% (95% CI, 41.2%-83.8%), which was significantly lower than that of the NT group (96.8%; 95% CI, 93.6%-99.9%) and the LT group (85.7%; 95% CI, 72.5%-98.9%;
    Conclusion: Clinical relevance of graft tear that occurred after medial MAT was dependent upon its timing. ET was a risk factor for clinical failure, whereas LT did not adversely affect graft survivorship. Lysholm scores did not differ according to graft tear.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Cohort Studies ; Retrospective Studies ; Menisci, Tibial/surgery ; Menisci, Tibial/transplantation ; Lacerations ; Risk Factors ; Allografts ; Follow-Up Studies
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-08
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 197482-8
    ISSN 1552-3365 ; 0363-5465
    ISSN (online) 1552-3365
    ISSN 0363-5465
    DOI 10.1177/03635465231214221
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  8. Article ; Online: Joint Beamforming and Phase Shifts Design for RIS-Aided Multi-User Full-Duplex Systems in Smart Cities.

    Pan, Kunbei / Zhou, Bin / Zhang, Wei / Ju, Cheng

    Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)

    2023  Volume 24, Issue 1

    Abstract: Full-duplex (FD) and reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) are potential technologies for achieving wireless communication effectively. Therefore, in theory, the RIS-aided FD system is supposed to enhance spectral efficiency significantly for the ... ...

    Abstract Full-duplex (FD) and reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) are potential technologies for achieving wireless communication effectively. Therefore, in theory, the RIS-aided FD system is supposed to enhance spectral efficiency significantly for the ubiquitous Internet of Things devices in smart cities. However, this technology additionally induces the loop-interference (LI) of RIS on the residual self-interference (SI) of the FD base station, especially in complicated urban outdoor environments, which will somewhat counterbalance the performance benefit. Inspired by this, we first establish an objective and constraints considering the residual SI and LI in two typical urban outdoor scenarios. Then, we decompose the original problem into two subproblems according to the variable types and jointly design the beamforming matrices and phase shifts vector methods. Specifically, we propose a successive convex approximation algorithm and a soft actor-critic deep reinforcement learning-related scheme to solve the subproblems alternately. To prove the effectiveness of our proposal, we introduce benchmarks of RIS phase shifts design for comparison. The simulation results show that the performance of the low-complexity proposed algorithm is only slightly lower than the exhaustive search method and outperforms the fixed-point iteration scheme. Moreover, the proposal in scenario two is more outstanding, demonstrating the application predominance in urban outdoor environments.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-12-25
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2052857-7
    ISSN 1424-8220 ; 1424-8220
    ISSN (online) 1424-8220
    ISSN 1424-8220
    DOI 10.3390/s24010121
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  9. Article ; Online: Identification of changed proteins by retinoic acid in cerebral ischemic damage: a proteomic study.

    Kang, Ju-Bin / Koh, Phil-Ok

    The Journal of veterinary medical science

    2022  Volume 84, Issue 9, Page(s) 1194–1204

    Abstract: Ischemic stroke is a severe neurodegenerative disease with a high mortality rate. Retinoic acid is a representative metabolite of vitamin A. It has many beneficial effects including anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, and neuroprotective effects. The ... ...

    Abstract Ischemic stroke is a severe neurodegenerative disease with a high mortality rate. Retinoic acid is a representative metabolite of vitamin A. It has many beneficial effects including anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, and neuroprotective effects. The purpose of this study is to identify specific proteins that are regulated by retinoic acid in ischemic stroke. Middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) was performed to induce focal cerebral ischemia. Retinoic acid (5 mg/kg) or vehicle was injected intraperitoneally into male rats for four days prior to MCAO operation. Neurobehavioral tests were performed 24 hr after MCAO and the cerebral cortex was collected for proteomic study. Retinoic acid alleviates neurobehavioral deficits and histopathological changes caused by MCAO. Furthermore, we identified various proteins that were altered by retinoic acid in MCAO damage. Among these identified proteins, adenosylhomocysteinase, isocitrate dehydrogenase [NAD
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Brain Ischemia/etiology ; Brain Ischemia/veterinary ; Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery/complications ; Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery/veterinary ; Ischemic Stroke/veterinary ; Male ; Neurodegenerative Diseases/veterinary ; Neuroprotective Agents/pharmacology ; Neuroprotective Agents/therapeutic use ; Proteins/metabolism ; Proteomics/methods ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Tretinoin/pharmacology ; Tretinoin/therapeutic use
    Chemical Substances Neuroprotective Agents ; Proteins ; Tretinoin (5688UTC01R)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-07-13
    Publishing country Japan
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1071753-5
    ISSN 1347-7439 ; 0916-7250
    ISSN (online) 1347-7439
    ISSN 0916-7250
    DOI 10.1292/jvms.22-0119
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  10. Article ; Online: The "Hand as Foot" teaching method in the urinary bladder and prostate anatomy.

    Hsieh, Shang-Ju / Chiu, Bin

    Asian journal of surgery

    2022  Volume 45, Issue 11, Page(s) 2489

    MeSH term(s) Foot/anatomy & histology ; Hand ; Humans ; Lower Extremity ; Male ; Pelvis ; Prostate ; Urinary Bladder/surgery
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-06-09
    Publishing country China
    Document type Letter
    ZDB-ID 1068461-x
    ISSN 0219-3108 ; 1015-9584
    ISSN (online) 0219-3108
    ISSN 1015-9584
    DOI 10.1016/j.asjsur.2022.05.114
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