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  1. Article ; Online: A novel mechanism underlying allosteric regulation of ADAMTS-13 revealed by hydrogen-deuterium exchange plus mass spectrometry.

    Pillai, Vikram G / Zheng, X Long

    Research and practice in thrombosis and haemostasis

    2022  Volume 7, Issue 1, Page(s) 100012

    Abstract: Background: ADAMTS-13, a plasma metalloprotease, cleaves von Willebrand factor. ADAMTS-13 activity appears to be regulated through allosteric inhibition by its distal C-terminus.: Objectives: The objective of this study was to better understand how ... ...

    Abstract Background: ADAMTS-13, a plasma metalloprotease, cleaves von Willebrand factor. ADAMTS-13 activity appears to be regulated through allosteric inhibition by its distal C-terminus.
    Objectives: The objective of this study was to better understand how domain-domain interactions may affect ADAMTS-13 conformations and functions.
    Methods: We performed deuterium-hydrogen exchange plus mass spectrometry to assess the number and rate of deuterium incorporation into various peptides of full-length ADAMTS-13 and its truncated variants.
    Results: Under physiological conditions, a bimodal distribution of deuterium incorporation was detected in the peptides from metalloprotease (217-230 and 282-304), cysteine-rich (446-482), and CUB (for complement C1r/C1s, Uegf, Bmp1) domains (1185-1214, 1313-1330, 1341-1347, 1358-1378, and 1393-1407) of full-length recombinant ADAMTS-13, but not of truncated variants. These results suggest that the full-length ADAMTS-13 undergoes conformational changes. On removal of the middle and distal C-terminal domains, the number and rate of deuterium incorporation were increased in the peptides from cysteine-rich (445-467, 467-482, and 495-503) and spacer domains (621-642 and 655-654) but decreased in the peptides from metalloprotease (115-124, 217-230, and 274-281). Moreover, most peptides, except for 217-230 and 1357-1376, exhibited a pD-dependent deuterium incorporation in the full-length ADAMTS-13, but not in the truncated variant (eg, MDTCS or T5C). These results further suggest that the bimodal deuterium incorporation observed in the peptides from the full-length ADAMTS-13 is the result of potential impact from the middle to distal C-terminal domains. Surface plasmon resonance revealed the direct binding interactions between the distal and proximal domains of ADAMTS-13.
    Conclusion: Our results provide novel insight on how intramolecular interactions may affect conformations of ADAMTS-13, thus regulating its proteolytic functions.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-12-13
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2475-0379
    ISSN (online) 2475-0379
    DOI 10.1016/j.rpth.2022.100012
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Quinaldine Red as a fluorescent probe for determining the melting temperature (

    Das, Dhruv / Sen, Vikram / Chakraborty, Goutam / Pillai, Vinayaki / Tambade, Rahul / Jonnalagadda, Padma Nilaya / Rao, A V S S Narayana / Chittela, Rajani Kant

    Analytical methods : advancing methods and applications

    2024  Volume 16, Issue 6, Page(s) 950–956

    Abstract: Proteins play an important role in biological systems and several proteins are used in diagnosis, therapy, food ... ...

    Abstract Proteins play an important role in biological systems and several proteins are used in diagnosis, therapy, food industry
    MeSH term(s) Temperature ; Fluorescent Dyes ; Proteins ; Quinaldines
    Chemical Substances quinaldine red (Z70656T34N) ; Fluorescent Dyes ; Proteins ; Quinaldines
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-02-08
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2515210-5
    ISSN 1759-9679 ; 1759-9660
    ISSN (online) 1759-9679
    ISSN 1759-9660
    DOI 10.1039/d3ay01941a
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Protein interactions between the C-terminus of Aβ-peptide and phospholipase A2--a structure biology based approach to identify novel Alzheimer's therapeutics.

    Mirza, Zeenat / Pillai, Vikram G / Kamal, Mohammad A

    CNS & neurological disorders drug targets

    2014  Volume 13, Issue 7, Page(s) 1224–1231

    Abstract: Amyloid β (Aβ) polypeptide plays a key role in determining the state of protein aggregation in Alzheimer's disease. The hydrophobic C-terminal part of the Aβ peptide is critical in triggering the transformation from α-helical to β- sheet structure. We ... ...

    Abstract Amyloid β (Aβ) polypeptide plays a key role in determining the state of protein aggregation in Alzheimer's disease. The hydrophobic C-terminal part of the Aβ peptide is critical in triggering the transformation from α-helical to β- sheet structure. We hypothesized that phospholipase A2 (PLA2) may inhibit the aggregation of Aβ peptide by interacting with the peptide and keeping the two peptide chains apart. In order to examine the nature of interactions between PLA2 and Aβ peptide, we prepared and crystallized complex of Naja naja sagittifera PLA2 with the C-terminal hepta-peptide Val-Gly-Gly-Val-Val-Ile-Ala. The X-ray intensity data were collected to 2.04 A resolution and the structure was determined by molecular replacement and refined to the crystallographic R factor of 0.186. The structural analysis revealed that the peptide binds to PLA2 at the hydrophobic substrate binding cavity forming at least eight hydrogen bonds and approximately a two dozen Van der Waals interactions. The number and nature of interactions indicate that the affinity between PLA2 and the hepta-peptide is greater than the affinity between two Aβ peptide chains. Therefore, PLA2 is proposed as a probable ligand to prevent the aggregation of Aβ peptides.
    MeSH term(s) Alzheimer Disease/drug therapy ; Alzheimer Disease/metabolism ; Amyloid beta-Peptides/genetics ; Amyloid beta-Peptides/metabolism ; Animals ; Binding Sites ; Calcium/metabolism ; Elapidae ; Hydrogen Bonding ; Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions ; Models, Molecular ; Molecular Structure ; Phospholipases A2/metabolism ; Protein Structure, Quaternary
    Chemical Substances Amyloid beta-Peptides ; Phospholipases A2 (EC 3.1.1.4) ; Calcium (SY7Q814VUP)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2014-09-05
    Publishing country United Arab Emirates
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2228394-8
    ISSN 1996-3181 ; 1871-5273
    ISSN (online) 1996-3181
    ISSN 1871-5273
    DOI 10.2174/1871527313666140917112248
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Citrus flavonoid represses Salmonella pathogenicity island 1 and motility in S. Typhimurium LT2.

    Vikram, Amit / Jesudhasan, Palmy R / Jayaprakasha, G K / Pillai, Suresh D / Jayaraman, Arul / Patil, Bhimanagouda S

    International journal of food microbiology

    2011  Volume 145, Issue 1, Page(s) 28–36

    Abstract: Salmonellosis is one of the leading health problems worldwide. With the rise of drug resistance strains, it has become imperative to identify alternative strategies to counter bacterial infection. Natural products were used historically to identify novel ...

    Abstract Salmonellosis is one of the leading health problems worldwide. With the rise of drug resistance strains, it has become imperative to identify alternative strategies to counter bacterial infection. Natural products were used historically to identify novel compounds with various bioactivities. Citrus species is a rich source of flavonoids. Naringenin, a flavonone, is present predominantly in grapefruit. Previously we have demonstrated that naringenin is potent inhibitor of cell-cell signaling. The current study was undertaken to understand the effect of naringenin on Salmonella Typhimurium LT2. The cDNA microarrays were employed to study the response of S. Typhimurium to naringenin treatment. Naringenin specifically repressed 24 genes in the Salmonella pathogenicity island 1 and down-regulated 17 genes involved in flagellar and motility. Furthermore, phenotypic assays support the result of microarray analysis. In addition, naringenin seems to repress SPI-1 in pstS/hilD-dependent manner. Altogether the data suggest that naringenin attenuated S. Typhimurium virulence and cell motility. This is the first molecular evidence to demonstrate effect of naringenin on bacterial virulence and cell motility.
    MeSH term(s) Bacterial Adhesion/drug effects ; Bacterial Proteins/drug effects ; Biofilms/drug effects ; Biofilms/growth & development ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Citrus/chemistry ; Flagella/drug effects ; Flavanones/pharmacology ; Gene Expression Profiling ; Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial ; Genomic Islands ; Humans ; Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis ; Salmonella typhimurium/drug effects ; Salmonella typhimurium/genetics ; Salmonella typhimurium/growth & development ; Salmonella typhimurium/pathogenicity ; Virulence
    Chemical Substances Bacterial Proteins ; Flavanones ; Spi1 protein, Salmonella ; naringenin (HN5425SBF2)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2011-01-31
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 87122-9
    ISSN 1879-3460 ; 0168-1605
    ISSN (online) 1879-3460
    ISSN 0168-1605
    DOI 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2010.11.013
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article: Limonin 7-methoxime interferes with Escherichia coli biofilm formation and attachment in type 1 pili and antigen 43 dependent manner

    Vikram, A. / Jayaprakasha, G. K. / Jesudhasan, P. R. / Pillai, S. D. / Patil, B. S.

    Food control

    2012  Volume 26, Issue 2, Page(s) 427

    Language English
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 1027805-9
    ISSN 0956-7135
    Database Current Contents Nutrition, Environment, Agriculture

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  6. Article ; Online: Citrus limonoids interfere with Vibrio harveyi cell-cell signalling and biofilm formation by modulating the response regulator LuxO.

    Vikram, Amit / Jesudhasan, Palmy R / Jayaprakasha, G K / Pillai, Suresh D / Patil, Bhimanagouda S

    Microbiology (Reading, England)

    2010  Volume 157, Issue Pt 1, Page(s) 99–110

    Abstract: Citrus limonoids are unique secondary metabolites, characterized by a triterpenoid skeleton with a furan ring. Studies have demonstrated beneficial health properties of limonoids. In addition, certain citrus limonoids play a role in plant defence against ...

    Abstract Citrus limonoids are unique secondary metabolites, characterized by a triterpenoid skeleton with a furan ring. Studies have demonstrated beneficial health properties of limonoids. In addition, certain citrus limonoids play a role in plant defence against insect pests. In the present study, five limonoids were purified from sour orange and evaluated for their ability to inhibit cell-cell signalling. The purified limonoids were tested for their ability to interfere with cell-cell signalling and biofilm formation in Vibrio harveyi. Isolimonic acid, deacetylnomilinic acid glucoside and ichangin demonstrated significant inhibition of autoinducer-mediated cell-cell signalling and biofilm formation. Furthermore, isolimonic acid and ichangin treatment resulted in induced expression of the response regulator gene luxO. In addition, luxR promoter activity was not affected by isolimonic acid or ichangin. Therefore, the ability of isolimonic acid and ichangin to interfere with cell-cell signalling and biofilm formation seems to stem from the modulation of luxO expression. The results suggest that isolimonic acid and ichangin are potent modulators of bacterial cell-cell signalling.
    MeSH term(s) Bacterial Proteins/biosynthesis ; Biofilms/drug effects ; Biofilms/growth & development ; Citrus/chemistry ; Gene Expression ; Limonins/isolation & purification ; Limonins/metabolism ; Quorum Sensing/drug effects ; Repressor Proteins/biosynthesis ; Up-Regulation ; Vibrio/drug effects ; Vibrio/growth & development ; Vibrio/physiology
    Chemical Substances Bacterial Proteins ; Limonins ; LuxO protein, Vibrio harveyi ; Repressor Proteins
    Language English
    Publishing date 2010-09-23
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
    ZDB-ID 1180712-x
    ISSN 1465-2080 ; 1350-0872
    ISSN (online) 1465-2080
    ISSN 1350-0872
    DOI 10.1099/mic.0.041228-0
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article ; Online: Grapefruit bioactive limonoids modulate E. coli O157:H7 TTSS and biofilm.

    Vikram, Amit / Jesudhasan, Palmy R / Jayaprakasha, G K / Pillai, B S / Patil, Bhimanagouda S

    International journal of food microbiology

    2010  Volume 140, Issue 2-3, Page(s) 109–116

    Abstract: Limonoids are important constituents of the grapefruit and other citrus fruits. Research on health benefits suggests that citrus limonoids may act as anti-cancer, cholesterol lowering, anti-HIV and anti-feedant compounds. However, antimicrobial ... ...

    Abstract Limonoids are important constituents of the grapefruit and other citrus fruits. Research on health benefits suggests that citrus limonoids may act as anti-cancer, cholesterol lowering, anti-HIV and anti-feedant compounds. However, antimicrobial activities of citrus limonoids are not reported. In the present investigation, limonoids were purified from grapefruit seed and evaluated for their potential to antagonize cell-to-cell communication, biofilm formation and expression of Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) type three secretion system (TTSS). The results of the present study suggest that, certain limonoids are inhibitory to the cell-to-cell communication, biofilm formation and EHEC TTSS. Specifically, obacunone demonstrated strong inhibition of EHEC biofilm formation and TTSS. Furthermore, obacunone and other limonoids seem to inhibit the biofilm formation and TTSS in quorum sensing dependent fashion. The results indicate that certain grapefruit limonoids may possibly help in antagonizing the EHEC infection process, and may serve as lead compound in development of new antipathogenic molecules.
    MeSH term(s) Biofilms/drug effects ; Citrus paradisi/chemistry ; Escherichia coli O157/drug effects ; Escherichia coli O157/genetics ; Escherichia coli O157/physiology ; Escherichia coli Proteins/genetics ; Escherichia coli Proteins/metabolism ; Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial/drug effects ; Limonins/pharmacology ; Plant Extracts/pharmacology
    Chemical Substances Escherichia coli Proteins ; Limonins ; Plant Extracts
    Language English
    Publishing date 2010-06-15
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
    ZDB-ID 87122-9
    ISSN 1879-3460 ; 0168-1605
    ISSN (online) 1879-3460
    ISSN 0168-1605
    DOI 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2010.04.012
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article ; Online: Suppression of bacterial cell-cell signalling, biofilm formation and type III secretion system by citrus flavonoids.

    Vikram, A / Jayaprakasha, G K / Jesudhasan, P R / Pillai, S D / Patil, B S

    Journal of applied microbiology

    2010  Volume 109, Issue 2, Page(s) 515–527

    Abstract: Aim: This study investigated the quorum sensing, biofilm and type three secretion system (TTSS) inhibitory properties of citrus flavonoids.: Methods and results: Flavonoids were tested for their ability to inhibit quorum sensing using Vibrio harveyi ... ...

    Abstract Aim: This study investigated the quorum sensing, biofilm and type three secretion system (TTSS) inhibitory properties of citrus flavonoids.
    Methods and results: Flavonoids were tested for their ability to inhibit quorum sensing using Vibrio harveyi reporter assay. Biofilm assays were carried out in 96-well plates. Inhibition of biofilm formation in Escherichia coli O157:H7 and V. harveyi by citrus flavonoids was measured. Furthermore, effect of naringenin on expression of V. harveyi TTSS was investigated by semi-quantitative PCR. Differential responses for different flavonoids were observed for different cell-cell signalling systems. Among the tested flavonoids, naringenin, kaempferol, quercetin and apigenin were effective antagonists of cell-cell signalling. Furthermore, these flavonoids suppressed the biofilm formation in V. harveyi and E. coli O157:H7. In addition, naringenin altered the expression of genes encoding TTSS in V. harveyi.
    Conclusion: The results of the study indicate a potential modulation of bacterial cell-cell communication, E. coli O157:H7 biofilm and V. harveyi virulence, by flavonoids especially naringenin, quercetin, sinensetin and apigenin. Among the tested flavonoids, naringenin emerged as potent and possibly a nonspecific inhibitor of autoinducer-mediated cell-cell signalling. Naringenin and other flavonoids are prominent secondary metabolites present in citrus species. Therefore, citrus, being a major source of some of these flavonoids and by virtue of widely consumed fruit, may modulate the intestinal microflora.
    Significance and impact of the study: Currently, a limited number of naturally occurring compounds have demonstrated their potential in inhibition of cell-cell communications; therefore, citrus flavonoids may be useful as lead compounds for the development of antipathogenic agents.
    MeSH term(s) Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology ; Biofilms/drug effects ; Biofilms/growth & development ; Citrus/chemistry ; Escherichia coli O157/drug effects ; Escherichia coli O157/physiology ; Flavanones/pharmacology ; Flavonoids/pharmacology ; Quorum Sensing/drug effects ; Signal Transduction/drug effects ; Vibrio/drug effects ; Vibrio/pathogenicity ; Vibrio/physiology ; Virulence
    Chemical Substances Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Flavanones ; Flavonoids ; sinensetin (240LNZ51AT) ; naringenin (HN5425SBF2)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2010-01-19
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
    ZDB-ID 1358023-1
    ISSN 1365-2672 ; 1364-5072
    ISSN (online) 1365-2672
    ISSN 1364-5072
    DOI 10.1111/j.1365-2672.2010.04677.x
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article: Citrus flavonoid represses Salmonella pathogenicity island 1 and motility in S. Typhimurium LT2

    Vikram, A. / Jesudhasan, P. R. / Jayaprakasha, G. K. / Pillai, S. D. / Jayaraman, A. / Patil, B. S.

    International journal of food microbiology

    2011  Volume 145, Issue 1, Page(s) 28

    Language English
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 87122-9
    ISSN 0168-1605
    Database Current Contents Nutrition, Environment, Agriculture

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  10. Article: Grapefruit bioactive limonoids modulate E. coli O157:H7 TTSS and biofilm

    Vikram, Amit / Jesudhasan, Palmy R / Jayaprakasha, G.K / Pillai, B.S / Patil, Bhimanagouda S

    International journal of food microbiology. 2010 June 15, v. 140, no. 2-3

    2010  

    Abstract: Limonoids are important constituents of the grapefruit and other citrus fruits. Research on health benefits suggests that citrus limonoids may act as anti-cancer, cholesterol lowering, anti-HIV and anti-feedant compounds. However, antimicrobial ... ...

    Abstract Limonoids are important constituents of the grapefruit and other citrus fruits. Research on health benefits suggests that citrus limonoids may act as anti-cancer, cholesterol lowering, anti-HIV and anti-feedant compounds. However, antimicrobial activities of citrus limonoids are not reported. In the present investigation, limonoids were purified from grapefruit seed and evaluated for their potential to antagonize cell-to-cell communication, biofilm formation and expression of Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) type three secretion system (TTSS). The results of the present study suggest that, certain limonoids are inhibitory to the cell-to-cell communication, biofilm formation and EHEC TTSS. Specifically, obacunone demonstrated strong inhibition of EHEC biofilm formation and TTSS. Furthermore, obacunone and other limonoids seem to inhibit the biofilm formation and TTSS in quorum sensing dependent fashion. The results indicate that certain grapefruit limonoids may possibly help in antagonizing the EHEC infection process, and may serve as lead compound in development of new antipathogenic molecules.
    Keywords grapefruits ; bioactive properties ; food analysis ; fruit composition ; limonoids ; Escherichia coli O157:H7 ; Type III secretion system ; biofilm ; antimicrobial properties ; seeds ; cell communication ; purification ; structure-activity relationships ; virulence ; pathogenesis
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2010-0615
    Size p. 109-116.
    Publishing place [Amsterdam; New York, NY]: Elsevier Science
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 87122-9
    ISSN 1879-3460 ; 0168-1605
    ISSN (online) 1879-3460
    ISSN 0168-1605
    DOI 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2010.04.012
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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