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  1. Article ; Online: Editorial: Viral escape of mucosal immunity in sexually transmitted diseases.

    Criscuolo, Elena / Pala, Francesca / Siracusano, Gabriel / Venuti, Assunta

    Frontiers in immunology

    2023  Volume 14, Page(s) 1273515

    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Immunity, Mucosal ; Sexually Transmitted Diseases
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-08-23
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Editorial
    ZDB-ID 2606827-8
    ISSN 1664-3224 ; 1664-3224
    ISSN (online) 1664-3224
    ISSN 1664-3224
    DOI 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1273515
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  2. Article ; Online: Immunotherapy with Cell-Based Biological Drugs to Cure HIV-1 Infection

    Gabriel Siracusano / Lucia Lopalco

    Cells, Vol 11, Iss 77, p

    2022  Volume 77

    Abstract: Since its discovery 35 years ago, there have been no therapeutic interventions shown to enable full HIV-1 remission. Combined antiretroviral therapy (cART) has achieved the sustained control of HIV-1 replication, however, the life-long treatment does not ...

    Abstract Since its discovery 35 years ago, there have been no therapeutic interventions shown to enable full HIV-1 remission. Combined antiretroviral therapy (cART) has achieved the sustained control of HIV-1 replication, however, the life-long treatment does not eradicate long-lived latently infected reservoirs and can result in multiple side effects including the development of multidrug-resistant escape mutants. Antibody-based treatments have emerged as alternative approaches for a HIV-1 cure. Here, we will review clinical advances in coreceptor-targeting antibodies, with respect to anti-CCR5 antibodies in particular, which are currently being generated to target the early stages of infection. Among the Env-specific antibodies widely accepted as relevant in cure strategies, the potential role of those targeting CD4-induced (CD4i) epitopes of the CD4-binding site (CD4bs) in eliminating HIV-1 infected cells has gained increasing interest and will be presented. Together, with approaches targeting the HIV-1 replication cycle, we will discuss the strategies aimed at boosting and modulating specific HIV-1 immune responses, highlighting the harnessing of TLR agonists for their dual role as latency reverting agents (LRAs) and immune-modulatory compounds. The synergistic combinations of different approaches have shown promising results to ultimately enable a HIV-1 cure.
    Keywords CCR5 ; TLR ; antibodies ; neutralizing antibodies ; HIV blocking antibodies ; CD4bs ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5
    Subject code 570
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-12-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher MDPI AG
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  3. Article ; Online: Immunotherapy with Cell-Based Biological Drugs to Cure HIV-1 Infection.

    Siracusano, Gabriel / Lopalco, Lucia

    Cells

    2021  Volume 11, Issue 1

    Abstract: Since its discovery 35 years ago, there have been no therapeutic interventions shown to enable full HIV-1 remission. Combined antiretroviral therapy (cART) has achieved the sustained control of HIV-1 replication, however, the life-long treatment does not ...

    Abstract Since its discovery 35 years ago, there have been no therapeutic interventions shown to enable full HIV-1 remission. Combined antiretroviral therapy (cART) has achieved the sustained control of HIV-1 replication, however, the life-long treatment does not eradicate long-lived latently infected reservoirs and can result in multiple side effects including the development of multidrug-resistant escape mutants. Antibody-based treatments have emerged as alternative approaches for a HIV-1 cure. Here, we will review clinical advances in coreceptor-targeting antibodies, with respect to anti-CCR5 antibodies in particular, which are currently being generated to target the early stages of infection. Among the Env-specific antibodies widely accepted as relevant in cure strategies, the potential role of those targeting CD4-induced (CD4i) epitopes of the CD4-binding site (CD4bs) in eliminating HIV-1 infected cells has gained increasing interest and will be presented. Together, with approaches targeting the HIV-1 replication cycle, we will discuss the strategies aimed at boosting and modulating specific HIV-1 immune responses, highlighting the harnessing of TLR agonists for their dual role as latency reverting agents (LRAs) and immune-modulatory compounds. The synergistic combinations of different approaches have shown promising results to ultimately enable a HIV-1 cure.
    MeSH term(s) Antibodies, Bispecific/immunology ; Biological Products/therapeutic use ; HIV Antibodies/immunology ; HIV Infections/drug therapy ; HIV Infections/immunology ; Humans ; Immunotherapy ; Toll-Like Receptors/agonists
    Chemical Substances Antibodies, Bispecific ; Biological Products ; HIV Antibodies ; Toll-Like Receptors
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-12-28
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2661518-6
    ISSN 2073-4409 ; 2073-4409
    ISSN (online) 2073-4409
    ISSN 2073-4409
    DOI 10.3390/cells11010077
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  4. Article: Cell Surface Proteins in Hepatocellular Carcinoma: From Bench to Bedside.

    Siracusano, Gabriel / Tagliamonte, Mariella / Buonaguro, Luigi / Lopalco, Lucia

    Vaccines

    2020  Volume 8, Issue 1

    Abstract: Cell surface proteins act as the go-between in carrying the information from the extracellular environment to the intracellular signaling proteins. However, these proteins are often deregulated in neoplastic diseases, including hepatocellular carcinoma. ... ...

    Abstract Cell surface proteins act as the go-between in carrying the information from the extracellular environment to the intracellular signaling proteins. However, these proteins are often deregulated in neoplastic diseases, including hepatocellular carcinoma. This review discusses several recent studies that have investigated the role of cell surface proteins in the occurrence and progression of HCC, highlighting the possibility to use them as biomarkers of the disease and/or targets for vaccines and therapeutics.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-01-24
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2703319-3
    ISSN 2076-393X
    ISSN 2076-393X
    DOI 10.3390/vaccines8010041
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  5. Article ; Online: Humoral Immune Responses in COVID-19 Patients: A Window on the State of the Art.

    Siracusano, Gabriel / Pastori, Claudia / Lopalco, Lucia

    Frontiers in immunology

    2020  Volume 11, Page(s) 1049

    Abstract: The novel SARS-CoV-2 is a recently emerging virus causing a human pandemic. A great variety of symptoms associated with COVID-19 disease, ranging from mild to severe symptoms, eventually leading to death. Specific SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR is the standard method ...

    Abstract The novel SARS-CoV-2 is a recently emerging virus causing a human pandemic. A great variety of symptoms associated with COVID-19 disease, ranging from mild to severe symptoms, eventually leading to death. Specific SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR is the standard method to screen symptomatic people; however, asymptomatic subjects and subjects with undetectable viral load escape from the screening, contributing to viral spread. Currently, the lock down imposed by many governments is an important measure to contain the spread, as there is no specific antiviral therapy or a vaccine and the main treatments are supportive. Therefore, there is urgent need to characterize the virus and the viral-mediated responses, in order to develop specific diagnostic and therapeutic tools to prevent viral transmission and efficiently cure COVID-19 patients. Here, we review the current studies on two viral mediated-responses, specifically the cytokine storm occurring in a subset of patients and the antibody response triggered by the infection. Further studies are needed to explore both the dynamics and the mechanisms of the humoral immune response in COVID-19 patients, in order to guide future vaccine design and antibody-based therapies for the management of the disease.
    MeSH term(s) Antibodies, Neutralizing/immunology ; Antibodies, Viral/immunology ; COVID-19 ; Coronavirus Infections/epidemiology ; Coronavirus Infections/immunology ; Cytokines/immunology ; Humans ; Immunity, Humoral ; Pandemics ; Pneumonia, Viral/epidemiology ; Pneumonia, Viral/immunology
    Chemical Substances Antibodies, Neutralizing ; Antibodies, Viral ; Cytokines
    Keywords covid19
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-05-15
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2606827-8
    ISSN 1664-3224 ; 1664-3224
    ISSN (online) 1664-3224
    ISSN 1664-3224
    DOI 10.3389/fimmu.2020.01049
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: Cell Surface Proteins in Hepatocellular Carcinoma

    Gabriel Siracusano / Mariella Tagliamonte / Luigi Buonaguro / Lucia Lopalco

    Vaccines, Vol 8, Iss 1, p

    From Bench to Bedside

    2020  Volume 41

    Abstract: Cell surface proteins act as the go-between in carrying the information from the extracellular environment to the intracellular signaling proteins. However, these proteins are often deregulated in neoplastic diseases, including hepatocellular carcinoma. ... ...

    Abstract Cell surface proteins act as the go-between in carrying the information from the extracellular environment to the intracellular signaling proteins. However, these proteins are often deregulated in neoplastic diseases, including hepatocellular carcinoma. This review discusses several recent studies that have investigated the role of cell surface proteins in the occurrence and progression of HCC, highlighting the possibility to use them as biomarkers of the disease and/or targets for vaccines and therapeutics.
    Keywords hepatocellular carcinoma ; cell surface proteins ; biomarker ; therapeutic target ; clinical trial ; Medicine ; R
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-01-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher MDPI AG
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  7. Article ; Online: Humoral Immune Responses in COVID-19 Patients

    Siracusano, Gabriel / Pastori, Claudia / Lopalco, Lucia

    Frontiers in Immunology

    A Window on the State of the Art

    2020  Volume 11

    Keywords covid19
    Publisher Frontiers Media SA
    Publishing country ch
    Document type Article ; Online
    ZDB-ID 2606827-8
    ISSN 1664-3224
    ISSN 1664-3224
    DOI 10.3389/fimmu.2020.01049
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

    Full text online

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  8. Article ; Online: Humoral Immune Responses in COVID-19 Patients

    Gabriel Siracusano / Claudia Pastori / Lucia Lopalco

    Frontiers in Immunology, Vol

    A Window on the State of the Art

    2020  Volume 11

    Abstract: The novel SARS-CoV-2 is a recently emerging virus causing a human pandemic. A great variety of symptoms associated with COVID-19 disease, ranging from mild to severe symptoms, eventually leading to death. Specific SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR is the standard method ...

    Abstract The novel SARS-CoV-2 is a recently emerging virus causing a human pandemic. A great variety of symptoms associated with COVID-19 disease, ranging from mild to severe symptoms, eventually leading to death. Specific SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR is the standard method to screen symptomatic people; however, asymptomatic subjects and subjects with undetectable viral load escape from the screening, contributing to viral spread. Currently, the lock down imposed by many governments is an important measure to contain the spread, as there is no specific antiviral therapy or a vaccine and the main treatments are supportive. Therefore, there is urgent need to characterize the virus and the viral-mediated responses, in order to develop specific diagnostic and therapeutic tools to prevent viral transmission and efficiently cure COVID-19 patients. Here, we review the current studies on two viral mediated-responses, specifically the cytokine storm occurring in a subset of patients and the antibody response triggered by the infection. Further studies are needed to explore both the dynamics and the mechanisms of the humoral immune response in COVID-19 patients, in order to guide future vaccine design and antibody-based therapies for the management of the disease.
    Keywords SARS-CoV-2 ; COVID-19 ; cytokine storm ; antibodies ; serological tests ; Immunologic diseases. Allergy ; RC581-607 ; covid19
    Subject code 610
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-05-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Frontiers Media S.A.
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  9. Article ; Online: HIV-1 Env Does Not Enable the Development of Protective Broadly Neutralizing Antibodies in an Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis Mouse Model.

    Siracusano, Gabriel / Finardi, Annamaria / Pastori, Claudia / Martinelli, Vittorio / Furlan, Roberto / Lopalco, Lucia

    Frontiers in immunology

    2021  Volume 12, Page(s) 771359

    Abstract: Recent studies showed that immunological tolerance may restrict the development of Env-specific autoreactive broadly neutralizing antibodies. This evidence is consistent with the finding that Env immunization of a systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) ... ...

    Abstract Recent studies showed that immunological tolerance may restrict the development of Env-specific autoreactive broadly neutralizing antibodies. This evidence is consistent with the finding that Env immunization of a systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) murine model produced antibodies that neutralize tier 2 HIV-1 strains. In this study, we address the possibility of eliciting neutralizing anti-Env antibodies in other autoimmune diseases such as multiple sclerosis (MS). While, as reported for SLE, we showed for the first time that a small number of HIV-1 negative, relapsing remitting MS patients exhibited antibodies with neutralizing properties, our attempts at inducing those antibodies in a EAE mouse model of MS failed. The success in eliciting Env-specific neutralizing antibodies might be related to the specific characteristics of the autoimmune disease, or it might rely in improving the vaccination design. Studies using mouse models are useful to gain insight in how HIV-specific neutralizing antibody responses are regulated in order to develop a protective HIV-1 vaccine.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Aged ; Animals ; Antibodies, Neutralizing/immunology ; Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental/immunology ; Female ; HIV Antibodies/immunology ; HIV-1/immunology ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin G/immunology ; Male ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Middle Aged ; Multiple Sclerosis, Chronic Progressive/immunology ; Multiple Sclerosis, Relapsing-Remitting/immunology ; Young Adult ; env Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus/immunology ; Mice
    Chemical Substances Antibodies, Neutralizing ; HIV Antibodies ; Immunoglobulin G ; env Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus ; gp140 envelope protein, Human immunodeficiency virus 1
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-11-02
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2606827-8
    ISSN 1664-3224 ; 1664-3224
    ISSN (online) 1664-3224
    ISSN 1664-3224
    DOI 10.3389/fimmu.2021.771359
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article: Humoral Immune Responses in COVID-19 Patients: A Window on the State of the Art

    Siracusano, Gabriel / Pastori, Claudia / Lopalco, Lucia

    Front Immunol

    Abstract: The novel SARS-CoV-2 is a recently emerging virus causing a human pandemic. A great variety of symptoms associated with COVID-19 disease, ranging from mild to severe symptoms, eventually leading to death. Specific SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR is the standard method ...

    Abstract The novel SARS-CoV-2 is a recently emerging virus causing a human pandemic. A great variety of symptoms associated with COVID-19 disease, ranging from mild to severe symptoms, eventually leading to death. Specific SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR is the standard method to screen symptomatic people; however, asymptomatic subjects and subjects with undetectable viral load escape from the screening, contributing to viral spread. Currently, the lock down imposed by many governments is an important measure to contain the spread, as there is no specific antiviral therapy or a vaccine and the main treatments are supportive. Therefore, there is urgent need to characterize the virus and the viral-mediated responses, in order to develop specific diagnostic and therapeutic tools to prevent viral transmission and efficiently cure COVID-19 patients. Here, we review the current studies on two viral mediated-responses, specifically the cytokine storm occurring in a subset of patients and the antibody response triggered by the infection. Further studies are needed to explore both the dynamics and the mechanisms of the humoral immune response in COVID-19 patients, in order to guide future vaccine design and antibody-based therapies for the management of the disease.
    Keywords covid19
    Publisher WHO
    Document type Article
    Note WHO #Covidence: #478228
    Database COVID19

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