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  1. Article: Atherosclerosis: lessons from LXR and the intestine

    Bonamassa, Barbara / Moschetta, Antonio

    Trends in endocrinology & metabolism. 2013 Mar., v. 24, no. 3

    2013  

    Abstract: Modulation of the cholesterol-sensing liver X receptors (LXRs) and their downstream targets has emerged as promising therapeutic avenues in atherosclerosis. The intestine is important for its unique capabilities to act as a gatekeeper for cholesterol ... ...

    Abstract Modulation of the cholesterol-sensing liver X receptors (LXRs) and their downstream targets has emerged as promising therapeutic avenues in atherosclerosis. The intestine is important for its unique capabilities to act as a gatekeeper for cholesterol absorption and to participate in the process of cholesterol elimination in the feces and reverse cholesterol transport (RCT). Pharmacological and genetic intestine-specific LXR activation have been shown to protect against atherosclerosis. In this review we discuss the LXR-targeted molecular players in the enterocytes as well as the intestine-driven pathways contributing to cholesterol homeostasis with therapeutic potential as targets in the prevention and treatment of atherosclerosis..
    Keywords absorption ; atherosclerosis ; cholesterol ; enterocytes ; feces ; homeostasis ; liver ; receptors
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2013-03
    Size p. 120-128.
    Publishing place Elsevier Ltd
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 1042384-9
    ISSN 1879-3061 ; 1043-2760
    ISSN (online) 1879-3061
    ISSN 1043-2760
    DOI 10.1016/j.tem.2012.10.004
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  2. Article ; Online: Atherosclerosis: lessons from LXR and the intestine.

    Bonamassa, Barbara / Moschetta, Antonio

    Trends in endocrinology and metabolism: TEM

    2012  Volume 24, Issue 3, Page(s) 120–128

    Abstract: Modulation of the cholesterol-sensing liver X receptors (LXRs) and their downstream targets has emerged as promising therapeutic avenues in atherosclerosis. The intestine is important for its unique capabilities to act as a gatekeeper for cholesterol ... ...

    Abstract Modulation of the cholesterol-sensing liver X receptors (LXRs) and their downstream targets has emerged as promising therapeutic avenues in atherosclerosis. The intestine is important for its unique capabilities to act as a gatekeeper for cholesterol absorption and to participate in the process of cholesterol elimination in the feces and reverse cholesterol transport (RCT). Pharmacological and genetic intestine-specific LXR activation have been shown to protect against atherosclerosis. In this review we discuss the LXR-targeted molecular players in the enterocytes as well as the intestine-driven pathways contributing to cholesterol homeostasis with therapeutic potential as targets in the prevention and treatment of atherosclerosis..
    MeSH term(s) ATP Binding Cassette Transporter 1/physiology ; ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily G, Member 5 ; ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily G, Member 8 ; ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters/genetics ; Animals ; Atherosclerosis/drug therapy ; Atherosclerosis/prevention & control ; Cholesterol/metabolism ; Homeostasis ; Humans ; Hypercholesterolemia/drug therapy ; Intestinal Absorption/physiology ; Intestinal Mucosa/metabolism ; Lipoproteins/genetics ; Liver X Receptors ; Membrane Proteins/genetics ; Membrane Proteins/physiology ; Membrane Transport Proteins ; Orphan Nuclear Receptors/physiology ; Sterol O-Acyltransferase/physiology ; Sterol O-Acyltransferase 2
    Chemical Substances ABCG5 protein, human ; ABCG8 protein, human ; ATP Binding Cassette Transporter 1 ; ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily G, Member 5 ; ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily G, Member 8 ; ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters ; Lipoproteins ; Liver X Receptors ; Membrane Proteins ; Membrane Transport Proteins ; NPC1L1 protein, human ; Orphan Nuclear Receptors ; Cholesterol (97C5T2UQ7J) ; Sterol O-Acyltransferase (EC 2.3.1.26)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2012-11-15
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
    ZDB-ID 1042384-9
    ISSN 1879-3061 ; 1043-2760
    ISSN (online) 1879-3061
    ISSN 1043-2760
    DOI 10.1016/j.tem.2012.10.004
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: The Admission of Older Patients with COVID-19 in the General Wards

    Tibullo, Loredana / Bonamassa, Barbara / De Blasio, Attilio / Verrillo, Daniela / Vargas, Nicola

    Covid-19 Airway Management and Ventilation Strategy for Critically Ill Older Patients ; page 189-193 ; ISBN 9783030556204 9783030556211

    2020  

    Keywords covid19
    Publisher Springer International Publishing
    Publishing country us
    Document type Article ; Online
    DOI 10.1007/978-3-030-55621-1_21
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  4. Article ; Online: The roles of hepatitis B virus-encoded X protein in virus replication and the pathogenesis of chronic liver disease.

    Feitelson, Mark A / Bonamassa, Barbara / Arzumanyan, Alla

    Expert opinion on therapeutic targets

    2014  Volume 18, Issue 3, Page(s) 293–306

    Abstract: Introduction: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a major cause of chronic liver disease (CLD) and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) worldwide. More than 350 million people are at risk for HCC, and with few treatment options available, therapeutic approaches to ... ...

    Abstract Introduction: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a major cause of chronic liver disease (CLD) and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) worldwide. More than 350 million people are at risk for HCC, and with few treatment options available, therapeutic approaches to targets other than the virus polymerase will be needed. This review suggests that the HBV-encoded X protein, HBx, would be an outstanding target because it contributes to the biology and pathogenesis of HBV in three fundamental ways.
    Areas covered: First, HBx is a trans-activating protein that stimulates virus gene expression and replication, thereby promoting the development and persistence of the carrier state. Second, HBx partially blocks the development of immune responses that would otherwise clear the virus, and protects infected hepatocytes from immune-mediated destruction. Thus, HBx contributes to the development of CLD without virus clearance. Third, HBx alters patterns of host gene expression that make possible the emergence of HCC. The selected literature cited is from the National Library of Medicine (Pubmed and Medline).
    Expert opinion: Understanding the mechanisms, whereby HBx supports virus replication and promotes pathogenesis, suggests that HBx will be an important therapeutic target against both virus replication and CLD aimed at the chemoprevention of HCC.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Gene Expression ; Hepatitis B virus/physiology ; Humans ; Liver Diseases/immunology ; Liver Diseases/metabolism ; Trans-Activators/physiology ; Virus Replication
    Chemical Substances Trans-Activators ; hepatitis B virus X protein
    Language English
    Publishing date 2014-03
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2055208-7
    ISSN 1744-7631 ; 1472-8222
    ISSN (online) 1744-7631
    ISSN 1472-8222
    DOI 10.1517/14728222.2014.867947
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Nonviral gene transfer as a tool for studying transcription regulation of xenobiotic metabolizing enzymes.

    Bonamassa, Barbara / Liu, Dexi

    Advanced drug delivery reviews

    2010  Volume 62, Issue 13, Page(s) 1250–1256

    Abstract: Numerous xenobiotic metabolizing enzymes are regulated by nuclear receptors at transcriptional level. The challenge we currently face is to understand how a given nuclear receptor interacts with its xenobiotics, migrates into nucleus, binds to the ... ...

    Abstract Numerous xenobiotic metabolizing enzymes are regulated by nuclear receptors at transcriptional level. The challenge we currently face is to understand how a given nuclear receptor interacts with its xenobiotics, migrates into nucleus, binds to the xenobiotic response element of a target gene, and regulates transcription. Toward this end, new methods have been developed to introduce the nuclear receptor gene into appropriate cells and study its activity in activating reporter gene expression under the control of a promoter containing xenobiotic response elements. The goal of this review is to critically examine the gene transfer methods currently available. We concentrate on the gene transfer mechanism, advantages and limitations of each method when employed for nuclear receptor-mediated gene regulation studies. It is our hope that the information provided highlights the importance of gene transfer in studying the mechanisms by which our body eliminates the potentially harmful substances and maintains the homeostasis.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Gene Transfer Techniques ; Humans ; Inactivation, Metabolic ; Rats ; Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear/genetics ; Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear/metabolism ; Response Elements ; Xenobiotics/metabolism
    Chemical Substances Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear ; Xenobiotics
    Language English
    Publishing date 2010-08-14
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
    ZDB-ID 639113-8
    ISSN 1872-8294 ; 0169-409X
    ISSN (online) 1872-8294
    ISSN 0169-409X
    DOI 10.1016/j.addr.2010.08.005
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article: Harmful effects behind the daily supplementation of a fixed vegetarian blend in the rat model

    Bonamassa, Barbara / Andrea Sapone / Andrea Vornoli / Donatella Canistro / Fabio Vivarelli / Moreno Paolini / Vincenzo Longo

    Food and chemical toxicology. 2016 Nov., v. 97

    2016  

    Abstract: Fruit and vegetables (FV) have long been considered a panacea against major chronic diseases, including cancer. However, there is no convincing epidemiological, clinical or experimental evidence supporting FV chemopreventive ability. A daily mono- ... ...

    Abstract Fruit and vegetables (FV) have long been considered a panacea against major chronic diseases, including cancer. However, there is no convincing epidemiological, clinical or experimental evidence supporting FV chemopreventive ability. A daily mono-supplementation of lyophilized onion, tomato, peach, black grape or lettuce was compared with the daily combined administration of the same FV (5 a day-like diet). Ten days post-treatment, the phase-I/II xenobiotic metabolizing and antioxidant enzyme activities, protein and mRNA levels were investigated. As a marker of oxidative stress, the level of hydroperoxides was measured in rat serum samples. Here we show that a blend of FV orally administered to rats not only potentially manipulates metabolism but also disrupts systemic oxidative homeostasis. A daily combination of the five servings remarkably down-regulates the catalytic activity, protein and mRNA levels of a cohort of hepatic metabolizing enzymes, suggesting a possible depressed clearance upon exposure to ubiquitous carcinogens. Strikingly, we observed an impairment of antioxidant enzymes with a boost in systemic hydroperoxide levels. Our study identifies new potential factors of cancer risk connected with the persistent consumption of fixed servings of FV, suggesting that dietary guidance should rely on a “daily diversification” of FV.
    Keywords animal models ; blood serum ; carcinogens ; catalytic activity ; chemoprevention ; chronic diseases ; dietary recommendations ; enzyme activity ; enzymes ; freeze drying ; fruits ; grapes ; homeostasis ; hydroperoxides ; lettuce ; messenger RNA ; metabolism ; neoplasms ; onions ; oral administration ; oxidative stress ; peaches ; rats ; risk ; tomatoes ; toxicology ; vegetarian diet ; xenobiotics
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2016-11
    Size p. 367-374.
    Publishing place Elsevier Ltd
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 782617-5
    ISSN 1873-6351 ; 0278-6915
    ISSN (online) 1873-6351
    ISSN 0278-6915
    DOI 10.1016/j.fct.2016.09.033
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  7. Article ; Online: Glucocorticoid receptor-mediated transcriptional regulation of N-acetyltransferase 1 gene through distal promoter.

    Bonamassa, Barbara / Ma, Yongjie / Liu, Dexi

    The AAPS journal

    2012  Volume 14, Issue 3, Page(s) 581–590

    Abstract: Human arylamine N-acetyltransferase 1, (HUMAN)NAT1, is a phase II xenobiotic-metabolizing enzyme that plays an important role in drug and carcinogen biotransformation and cancer development. Its gene expression has been shown to be regulated by ... ...

    Abstract Human arylamine N-acetyltransferase 1, (HUMAN)NAT1, is a phase II xenobiotic-metabolizing enzyme that plays an important role in drug and carcinogen biotransformation and cancer development. Its gene expression has been shown to be regulated by environmental factors. The purpose of the current study is to determine the involvement of nuclear receptors in transcriptional regulation of (HUMAN)NAT1 gene. We show that among the nuclear receptors examined, including the glucocorticoid receptor, retinoid acid receptor-related orphan receptor alpha, constitutive androstane receptor, pregnane X receptor, aryl hydrocarbon receptor, and retinoic acid receptor, the glucocorticoid receptor plays a dominant role in regulating (HUMAN)NAT1 gene expression through distal promoter (P3). The involvement of the glucocorticoid receptor in transcription regulation of (HUMAN)NAT1 gene expression was demonstrated by dexamethasone treatment, reporter assay using plasmid-containing 3 kbp of 5'-end region of promoter 3, and treatment of anti-glucocorticoid RU486 in primary culture of human hepatocytes and transfected HepG2 cells. In addition, translation inhibition did not affect dexamethasone-induced gene expression through P3, suggesting that dexamethasone effect is directly mediated by glucocorticoid receptor activation. Furthermore, deletion analysis revealed the presence of multiple responsive elements within the 3 kbp fragment of P3. Transfection assays in mice using hydrodynamics-based procedure and reporter gene assay in a mouse cell line revealed that glucocorticoid-induced NAT gene expression is species dependent. Dexamethasone treatment of transfected mice and mouse cell line decreased (MOUSE)Nat2 gene expression, (HUMAN)NAT1 homologue. These results suggest that glucocorticoids serve as a modulator for (HUMAN)NAT1 gene expression via the P3-containing 5'-flanking region.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Arylamine N-Acetyltransferase/genetics ; Base Sequence ; Cell Line ; DNA Primers ; Gene Expression Regulation/physiology ; Humans ; Isoenzymes/genetics ; Male ; Mice ; Promoter Regions, Genetic ; Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Receptors, Glucocorticoid/physiology ; Transcription, Genetic/physiology
    Chemical Substances DNA Primers ; Isoenzymes ; Receptors, Glucocorticoid ; Arylamine N-Acetyltransferase (EC 2.3.1.5) ; N-acetyltransferase 1 (EC 2.3.1.5)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2012-05-30
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ISSN 1550-7416
    ISSN (online) 1550-7416
    DOI 10.1208/s12248-012-9370-5
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article ; Online: Harmful effects behind the daily supplementation of a fixed vegetarian blend in the rat model.

    Bonamassa, Barbara / Canistro, Donatella / Sapone, Andrea / Vivarelli, Fabio / Vornoli, Andrea / Longo, Vincenzo / Paolini, Moreno

    Food and chemical toxicology : an international journal published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association

    2016  Volume 97, Page(s) 367–374

    Abstract: Fruit and vegetables (FV) have long been considered a panacea against major chronic diseases, including cancer. However, there is no convincing epidemiological, clinical or experimental evidence supporting FV chemopreventive ability. A daily mono- ... ...

    Abstract Fruit and vegetables (FV) have long been considered a panacea against major chronic diseases, including cancer. However, there is no convincing epidemiological, clinical or experimental evidence supporting FV chemopreventive ability. A daily mono-supplementation of lyophilized onion, tomato, peach, black grape or lettuce was compared with the daily combined administration of the same FV (5 a day-like diet). Ten days post-treatment, the phase-I/II xenobiotic metabolizing and antioxidant enzyme activities, protein and mRNA levels were investigated. As a marker of oxidative stress, the level of hydroperoxides was measured in rat serum samples. Here we show that a blend of FV orally administered to rats not only potentially manipulates metabolism but also disrupts systemic oxidative homeostasis. A daily combination of the five servings remarkably down-regulates the catalytic activity, protein and mRNA levels of a cohort of hepatic metabolizing enzymes, suggesting a possible depressed clearance upon exposure to ubiquitous carcinogens. Strikingly, we observed an impairment of antioxidant enzymes with a boost in systemic hydroperoxide levels. Our study identifies new potential factors of cancer risk connected with the persistent consumption of fixed servings of FV, suggesting that dietary guidance should rely on a "daily diversification" of FV.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Antioxidants/metabolism ; Dietary Supplements/adverse effects ; Feeding Behavior ; Fruit/adverse effects ; Fruit/chemistry ; Hydrogen Peroxide/metabolism ; Male ; Oxidation-Reduction ; Oxidative Stress/drug effects ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Vegetables/adverse effects ; Vegetables/chemistry
    Chemical Substances Antioxidants ; Hydrogen Peroxide (BBX060AN9V)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2016-11
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 782617-5
    ISSN 1873-6351 ; 0278-6915
    ISSN (online) 1873-6351
    ISSN 0278-6915
    DOI 10.1016/j.fct.2016.09.033
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article: Hydrodynamic Gene Delivery and Its Applications in Pharmaceutical Research

    Bonamassa, Barbara / Hai, Li / Liu, Dexi

    Pharmaceutical research. 2011 Apr., v. 28, no. 4

    2011  

    Abstract: Hydrodynamic delivery has emerged as the simplest and most effective method for intracellular delivery of membrane-impermeable substances in rodents. The system employs a physical force generated by a rapid injection of large volume of solution into a ... ...

    Abstract Hydrodynamic delivery has emerged as the simplest and most effective method for intracellular delivery of membrane-impermeable substances in rodents. The system employs a physical force generated by a rapid injection of large volume of solution into a blood vessel to enhance the permeability of endothelium and the plasma membrane of the parenchyma cells to allow delivery of substance into cells. The procedure was initially established for gene delivery in mice, and its applications have been extended to the delivery of proteins, oligo nucleotides, genomic DNA and RNA sequences, and small molecules. The focus of this review is on applications of hydrodynamic delivery in pharmaceutical research. Examples are provided to highlight the use of hydrodynamic delivery for study of transcriptional regulation of CYP enzymes, for establishment of animal model for viral infections, and for gene drug discovery and gene function analysis.
    Keywords gene therapy
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2011-04
    Size p. 694-701.
    Publisher Springer US
    Publishing place Boston
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 843063-9
    ISSN 1573-904X ; 0724-8741 ; 0739-0742
    ISSN (online) 1573-904X
    ISSN 0724-8741 ; 0739-0742
    DOI 10.1007/s11095-010-0338-9
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  10. Article: Hepatitis C virus and host cell nuclear transport machinery: a clandestine affair.

    Bonamassa, Barbara / Ciccarese, Francesco / Antonio, Veronica Di / Contarini, Andrea / Palù, Giorgio / Alvisi, Gualtiero

    Frontiers in microbiology

    2015  Volume 6, Page(s) 619

    Abstract: There is growing evidence that factors encoded by cytoplasmic replicating viruses functionally interact with components of the nucleocytoplasmic transport apparatus. They do so either to access the cell nucleus, thus affecting genes expression, or to ... ...

    Abstract There is growing evidence that factors encoded by cytoplasmic replicating viruses functionally interact with components of the nucleocytoplasmic transport apparatus. They do so either to access the cell nucleus, thus affecting genes expression, or to interfere with nuclear transport functionality, hindering host immune response. Recent studies revealed that the hepatitis C virus (HCV) makes no exception, interacting with the host cell nuclear transport machinery at two different levels. On the one hand, small amounts of both core and NS5A localize within the host cell nucleus during productive infection, modulating gene expression and signaling functions to promote persistent infection. On the other hand, HCV infection causes a profound redistribution of certain nucleoproteins to the close proximity of endoplasmic reticulum membrane-derived viral replication factories, where viral RNA amplification occurs. These nucleoporins are believed to form nuclear pore complex-like structures, as suggested by their ability to recruit nuclear localization sequence-bearing proteins. Thus, both processes are linked to virus-induced persistence and pathogenesis, representing possible targets for the development of novel anti-HCV therapeutics.
    Keywords covid19
    Language English
    Publishing date 2015-06-19
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2587354-4
    ISSN 1664-302X
    ISSN 1664-302X
    DOI 10.3389/fmicb.2015.00619
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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