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Article ; Online: Hypoxia and thrombosis in COVID-19: new considerations for air passengers.

Parker, Salim / Mahomed, Ozayr

2020 Volume 27, Issue 8

MeSH term(s)	Air Travel ; Blood Coagulation ; COVID-19/blood ; COVID-19/epidemiology ; COVID-19/physiopathology ; COVID-19/prevention & control ; Humans ; Hypoxia/diagnosis ; Hypoxia/etiology ; Oximetry/methods ; Risk Assessment/methods ; Risk Factors ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Thrombosis/etiology ; Thrombosis/prevention & control ; Travel-Related Illness
Keywords	covid19
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-07-25
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1212504-0
ISSN	1708-8305 ; 1195-1982
ISSN (online)	1708-8305
ISSN	1195-1982
DOI	10.1093/jtm/taaa122
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Article: Hypoxia and Thrombosis in COVID-19: New Considerations for Air Passengers

Parker, Salim / Mahomed, Ozayr

J. travel med

Keywords	covid19
Publisher	WHO
Document type	Article
Note	WHO #Covidence: #676565
Database	COVID19

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Article ; Online: Hypoxia and thrombosis in COVID-19

Parker, Salim / Mahomed, Ozayr

Journal of Travel Medicine ; ISSN 1195-1982 1708-8305

new considerations for air passengers

2020

Keywords	General Medicine ; covid19
Language	English
Publisher	Oxford University Press (OUP)
Publishing country	uk
Document type	Article ; Online
DOI	10.1093/jtm/taaa122
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Racial and Ethnic Disparities and Facility-Level Variation in GLP-1 RA Prescription among US Veterans with CKD.

Gregg, L Parker / Worsley, Melandrea L / Ramsey, David J / Segar, Matthew W / Matheny, Michael E / Virani, Salim S / Navaneethan, Sankar D

Clinical journal of the American Society of Nephrology : CJASN

2023 Volume 18, Issue 11, Page(s) 1479–1482

MeSH term(s)	Humans ; United States ; Veterans ; Racial Groups ; Ethnicity ; Renal Insufficiency, Chronic ; Healthcare Disparities
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-07-25
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Letter ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2226665-3
ISSN	1555-905X ; 1555-9041
ISSN (online)	1555-905X
ISSN	1555-9041
DOI	10.2215/CJN.0000000000000266
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Article ; Online: Epidemiology of Medical Events on a Commercial African National Airline Carrier Between 2009 and 2011

Salim Parker / Ozayr Mahomed

International Journal of Travel Medicine and Global Health, Vol 7, Iss 2, Pp 53-

2019 Volume 56

Abstract: Introduction: An estimated 3.8 billion passengers traveled on commercial aircraft in 2016, of whom close to 1.5 billion crossed international boundaries. Modern commercial aircrafts can carry up to 800 passengers and can fly more than 18 hours. Although ... ...

Abstract	Introduction: An estimated 3.8 billion passengers traveled on commercial aircraft in 2016, of whom close to 1.5 billion crossed international boundaries. Modern commercial aircrafts can carry up to 800 passengers and can fly more than 18 hours. Although not very common, in-flight medical incidents can result in flight diversions that are costly and extremely inconvenient. The aim of the current study was to review in-flight medical incidents on a commercial African carrier between 2009 and 2011. Methods: A secondary analysis of data collected by air stewards during in-flight medical events that were recorded in a register were retrieved for the 3-year period 2009-2011. All medical documented data was evaluated. Results: A total of 3306 medical events equating to an average of 155 cases per million passengers per year were documented over the 3-year study period, of which 3279 were specified into medical categories. Cardiovascular cases (1124; 34.0%) gastrointestinal (727; 22.0%), muscular-skeletal (302; 9%), and respiratory (202; 6%) were the most common cases. Most incidents (74%) were managed by the cabin crew. Five of the medical incidents led to diversions. There were 9 deaths on board over the 3-year period. Conclusion: In-flight medical incidents are rare events. Comparisons with other airlines is difficult due to the non-standardization of recording methods. A global uniform reporting format across all airlines is necessary. Further research is required to determine the factors associated with medical incidents so that pre-emergency preparedness plans can be strengthened.
Keywords	In-flight Medical Events ; Aviation Medicine ; Travel Medicine ; Medicine ; R
Subject code	380
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-06-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	International Travel Medicine Center of Iran
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Revisiting diuretic choice in chronic kidney disease.

Ali, Sehrish / Navaneethan, Sankar D / Virani, Salim S / Gregg, L Parker

Current opinion in nephrology and hypertension

2022 Volume 31, Issue 5, Page(s) 406–413

Abstract: Purpose of review: Existing guidelines offer little direction about the use of thiazide and loop diuretics in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). This review summarizes recent studies impacting indications and safety considerations for these ... ...

Abstract	Purpose of review: Existing guidelines offer little direction about the use of thiazide and loop diuretics in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). This review summarizes recent studies impacting indications and safety considerations for these agents in patients with CKD. Recent findings: Chlorthalidone reduces blood pressure compared to placebo in patients with advanced CKD, challenging the belief that thiazide diuretics lose efficacy at lower glomerular filtration rates (GFR). Existing studies show no clear impact of thiazide or loop diuretic use on kidney or cardiovascular outcomes in patients with CKD. Sodium-glucose co-transporter type 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors have diuretic effects, but concomitant use of a diuretic does not diminish the preventive benefits of these agents against acute kidney injury (AKI). Despite theoretical concerns, thiazide diuretics likely do not worsen circulating vasopressin levels or cyst progression in polycystic kidney disease and may be useful for alleviating polyuria from tolvaptan. Diuretics cause multiple adverse effects, including electrolyte abnormalities, hemodynamic-mediated decrease in estimated GFR, and AKI. Summary: Recent evidence supports expanded indications for diuretics in patients with kidney disease, including chlorthalidone for hypertension in advanced CKD. Monitoring electrolytes and estimated GFR is critical to ensure patient safety when prescribing these agents for patients with CKD.
MeSH term(s)	Acute Kidney Injury/chemically induced ; Chlorthalidone/therapeutic use ; Diuretics/adverse effects ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/chemically induced ; Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/complications ; Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/drug therapy ; Sodium Chloride Symporter Inhibitors/adverse effects ; Sodium Potassium Chloride Symporter Inhibitors/adverse effects ; Sodium-Glucose Transporter 2 Inhibitors/therapeutic use ; Thiazides/therapeutic use
Chemical Substances	Diuretics ; Sodium Chloride Symporter Inhibitors ; Sodium Potassium Chloride Symporter Inhibitors ; Sodium-Glucose Transporter 2 Inhibitors ; Thiazides ; Chlorthalidone (Q0MQD1073Q)
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-07-11
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Review ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
ZDB-ID	1151092-4
ISSN	1473-6543 ; 1535-3842 ; 1062-4813 ; 1062-4821
ISSN (online)	1473-6543 ; 1535-3842
ISSN	1062-4813 ; 1062-4821
DOI	10.1097/MNH.0000000000000814
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Zs.A 3686: Show issues

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Article ; Online: A Longitudinal Study Regarding the Health Profile of the 2017 South African Hajj Pilgrims.

Mushi, Abdulaziz / Yassin, Yara / Khan, Anas / Alotaibi, Badriah / Parker, Salim / Mahomed, Ozayr / Yezli, Saber

International journal of environmental research and public health

2021 Volume 18, Issue 7

Abstract: The Hajj mass gathering annually attracts over two million Muslim pilgrims worldwide to the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). We aimed to establish demographics and health profiles for the South African pilgrims performing the 2017 Hajj. ...

Abstract	The Hajj mass gathering annually attracts over two million Muslim pilgrims worldwide to the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). We aimed to establish demographics and health profiles for the South African pilgrims performing the 2017 Hajj.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Humans ; Longitudinal Studies ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prospective Studies ; Saudi Arabia ; South Africa/epidemiology ; Travel
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-03-31
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	1660-4601
ISSN (online)	1660-4601
DOI	10.3390/ijerph18073607
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Management of type 2 diabetes in chronic kidney disease.

Triozzi, Jefferson L / Parker Gregg, L / Virani, Salim S / Navaneethan, Sankar D

BMJ open diabetes research & care

2021 Volume 9, Issue 1

Abstract: The management of patients with type 2 diabetes and chronic kidney disease (CKD) encompasses lifestyle modifications, glycemic control with individualized HbA1c targets, and cardiovascular disease risk reduction. Metformin and sodium-glucose ... ...

Abstract	The management of patients with type 2 diabetes and chronic kidney disease (CKD) encompasses lifestyle modifications, glycemic control with individualized HbA1c targets, and cardiovascular disease risk reduction. Metformin and sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors are first-line agents. Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists are second-line agents. The use of other antidiabetic agents should consider patient preferences, comorbidities, drug costs, and the risk of hypoglycemia. Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibitors are strongly recommended for patients with diabetes, hypertension, and albuminuria. Non-steroidal mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists, which pose less risk of hyperkalemia than steroidal agents, are undergoing further evaluation among patients with diabetic kidney disease. Here, we discuss important advancements in the management of patients with type 2 diabetes and CKD.
MeSH term(s)	Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/complications ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/drug therapy ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/epidemiology ; Diabetic Nephropathies/drug therapy ; Diabetic Nephropathies/epidemiology ; Humans ; Hypoglycemic Agents/therapeutic use ; Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/complications ; Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/drug therapy ; Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/epidemiology ; Sodium-Glucose Transporter 2 Inhibitors/therapeutic use
Chemical Substances	Hypoglycemic Agents ; Sodium-Glucose Transporter 2 Inhibitors
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-07-23
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
ZDB-ID	2732918-5
ISSN	2052-4897 ; 2052-4897
ISSN (online)	2052-4897
ISSN	2052-4897
DOI	10.1136/bmjdrc-2021-002300
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Predictors, Disparities, and Facility-Level Variation: SGLT2 Inhibitor Prescription Among US Veterans With CKD.

Gregg, L Parker / Ramsey, David J / Akeroyd, Julia M / Jafry, Shehrezade A / Matheny, Michael E / Virani, Salim S / Navaneethan, Sankar D

American journal of kidney diseases : the official journal of the National Kidney Foundation

2023 Volume 82, Issue 1, Page(s) 53–62.e1

Abstract: Rationale & objective: Sodium/glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors are recommended for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) or atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). We evaluated factors associated ...

Abstract	Rationale & objective: Sodium/glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors are recommended for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) or atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). We evaluated factors associated with SGLT2 inhibitor prescription, disparities by race and sex, and facility-level variation in prescription patterns. Study design: Retrospective cohort. Setting & participants: A national sample of US veterans with comorbid T2DM, CKD, and ASCVD with a primary care visit between January 1 and December 31, 2020. Exposure: Race, sex, and individual Veterans Affairs (VA) location. Outcome: SGLT2 inhibitor prescription. Analytical approach: Multivariable logistic regression assessed associations of race and sex with SGLT2 inhibitor prescription. Facility-level variation in SGLT2i prescription was quantified by median rate ratios (MRR), which express the likelihood that 2 randomly selected facilities differ in their use of SGLT2 inhibitor among similar patients. Results: Of 174,443 patients with CKD, T2DM, and ASCVD, 20,024 (11.5%) were prescribed an SGLT2 inhibitor. Lower odds of SGLT2 inhibitor prescription were seen in Black or African American patients compared with White patients (OR, 0.87 [95% CI, 0.83-0.91]) and among women compared with men (OR, 0.59 [95% CI 0.52-0.67]). The adjusted MRR for SGLT2 inhibitor prescription was 1.58 (95% CI 1.48-1.67) in the total cohort, indicating an unexplained 58% variation in treatment between VA facilities, independent of patient and facility characteristics. Facility-level variation was evaluated among Black or African American patients (MRR, 1.55 [95% CI 1.41-1.68]), White patients (MRR, 1.57 [95% CI 1.47-1.66]), women (MRR, 1.40 [95% CI 1.28-1.51]), and men (MRR, 1.57 [95% CI 1.48-1.67]). Limitations: Albuminuria was not assessed. Conclusions: Prescription for SGLT2 inhibitors was low among likely eligible patients, with evident disparities by sex and race and between individual VA facilities. Efforts are needed to study and address the reasons for these disparities to improve equitable adoption of these important medications.
MeSH term(s)	Male ; Humans ; Female ; Sodium-Glucose Transporter 2 Inhibitors/therapeutic use ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/drug therapy ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/epidemiology ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/complications ; Veterans ; Retrospective Studies ; Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/drug therapy ; Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/epidemiology ; Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/complications ; Prescriptions
Chemical Substances	Sodium-Glucose Transporter 2 Inhibitors
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-01-23
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	604539-x
ISSN	1523-6838 ; 0272-6386
ISSN (online)	1523-6838
ISSN	0272-6386
DOI	10.1053/j.ajkd.2022.11.017
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Article ; Online: A Longitudinal Study Regarding the Health Profile of the 2017 South African Hajj Pilgrims

Abdulaziz Mushi / Yara Yassin / Anas Khan / Badriah Alotaibi / Salim Parker / Ozayr Mahomed / Saber Yezli

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Vol 18, Iss 3607, p

2021 Volume 3607

Abstract	The Hajj mass gathering annually attracts over two million Muslim pilgrims worldwide to the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). We aimed to establish demographics and health profiles for the South African pilgrims performing the 2017 Hajj. Methods: This is a longitudinal survey-based study conducted on 1138 adult South African pilgrims in two phases (during and post-Hajj). Data on demographics, vaccination status, underlying health conditions, pre-Hajj training, health promotion, travel history, and health issues during and post-Hajj were collected using pre-designed questionnaires. Results: Participants had a mean age of 49.2 years (SD = 13.3; range 18–81), with a male: female ratio of 1.2:1. The majority of pilgrims were married (88.2%), of Indian/Asian background (73%), and literate (>99%). Nearly all pilgrims were vaccinated against meningococcal disease and yellow fever, but only 23.7% were vaccinated against Influenza. Hypertension, diabetes, and elevated cholesterol levels were the most common underlying health conditions reported by 22.6%, 13.2%, and 11.5% of pilgrims, respectively. One month after return to South Africa, nearly 65% of pilgrims reported illness during Hajj, while 40% reported falling ill post event upon return to South Africa. Nevertheless, only a few were admitted to hospitals (12 during Hajj and 15 post-Hajj). Among ill pilgrims, respiratory symptoms were the most commonly experienced symptoms during (70.2%) and post-Hajj (82.2%). Other symptoms such as walking-related symptoms include symptoms directly related or mainly caused by walking (e.g., leg pain, sore feet, blisters on the feet), dehydration, and gastrointestinal tract symptoms reported during Hajj. Medication to treat respiratory symptoms and antibiotics were the most commonly used medications during and post-Hajj. Having an underlying health condition was an independent predictor of falling ill during or post Hajj. Conclusion: Our study indicates that a sizable proportion of South African pilgrims are elderly with underlying ...
Keywords	South Africa ; Hajj ; pilgrimage ; healthcare ; public health ; respiratory tract infection ; Medicine ; R
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-03-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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