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  1. Article ; Online: IL-1 receptor antagonist, MIS-C, and the peculiar autoimmunity of SARS-CoV-2.

    Bassiri, Hamid / Canna, Scott W

    The Lancet. Rheumatology

    2022  Volume 4, Issue 5, Page(s) e305–e307

    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-03-29
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2665-9913
    ISSN (online) 2665-9913
    DOI 10.1016/S2665-9913(22)00090-X
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Species Differences in Blood Lymphocyte Responses After Spinal Cord Injury.

    Ayala, Carlos / Fishman, Morgan / Noyelle, Margot / Bassiri, Hamid / Young, Wise

    Journal of neurotrauma

    2023  Volume 40, Issue 9-10, Page(s) 807–819

    Abstract: People with spinal cord injury (SCI) get recurrent infections, such as urinary tract infections (UTIs) and pneumonias, that cause mortality and worsen neurological recovery. Over the past decades, researchers have proposed that post-SCI lymphopenia and ... ...

    Abstract People with spinal cord injury (SCI) get recurrent infections, such as urinary tract infections (UTIs) and pneumonias, that cause mortality and worsen neurological recovery. Over the past decades, researchers have proposed that post-SCI lymphopenia and decreased lymphocyte function increase susceptibility to infections and worsen neurological outcome in humans, leading to a condition called SCI-induced immune depression syndrome (SCI-IDS). In this review, we explore how SCI affects blood lymphocyte homeostasis and function in humans and rodents. Understanding how SCI affects blood lymphocytes will help the management of recurrent infections in spinal cord injured people and shed light on the clinical translation of findings in animal models to humans.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Humans ; Reinfection ; Species Specificity ; Spinal Cord Injuries ; Lymphocytes ; Spinal Cord
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-01-04
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 645092-1
    ISSN 1557-9042 ; 0897-7151
    ISSN (online) 1557-9042
    ISSN 0897-7151
    DOI 10.1089/neu.2022.0122
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Distinct Bioenergetic Features of Human Invariant Natural Killer T Cells Enable Retained Functions in Nutrient-Deprived States.

    Khurana, Priya / Burudpakdee, Chakkapong / Grupp, Stephan A / Beier, Ulf H / Barrett, David M / Bassiri, Hamid

    Frontiers in immunology

    2021  Volume 12, Page(s) 700374

    Abstract: Invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells comprise a unique subset of lymphocytes that are primed for activation and possess innate NK-like functional features. Currently, iNKT cell-based immunotherapies remain in early clinical stages, and little is known ...

    Abstract Invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells comprise a unique subset of lymphocytes that are primed for activation and possess innate NK-like functional features. Currently, iNKT cell-based immunotherapies remain in early clinical stages, and little is known about the ability of these cells to survive and retain effector functions within the solid tumor microenvironment (TME) long-term. In conventional T cells (T
    MeSH term(s) Cells, Cultured ; Energy Metabolism/immunology ; Humans ; Lymphocyte Activation/immunology ; Natural Killer T-Cells/immunology ; Natural Killer T-Cells/metabolism
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-08-09
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2606827-8
    ISSN 1664-3224 ; 1664-3224
    ISSN (online) 1664-3224
    ISSN 1664-3224
    DOI 10.3389/fimmu.2021.700374
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article: Metabolomic and Immunologic Discriminators of MIS-C at Emergency Room Presentation.

    Vella, Laura A / Berna, Amalia Z / Blatz, Allison M / Logan, Joey / Sharma, Priya / Liu, Yang / Tedesco, Jonathan / Toland, Cara / Babiker, Leena / Hafertepe, Kathryn / Kammerman, Shane / Novacek, Josef / Akaho, Elikplim / Gonzalez, Alexander K / Taylor, Deanne / Diorio, Caroline / Balamuth, Fran / Bassiri, Hamid / Odom John, Audrey R

    medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences

    2024  

    Abstract: Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Childhood (MIS-C) follows SARS-CoV-2 infection and frequently leads to intensive care unit admission. The inability to rapidly discriminate MIS-C from similar febrile illnesses delays treatment and leads to ... ...

    Abstract Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Childhood (MIS-C) follows SARS-CoV-2 infection and frequently leads to intensive care unit admission. The inability to rapidly discriminate MIS-C from similar febrile illnesses delays treatment and leads to misdiagnosis. To identify diagnostic discriminators at the time of emergency department presentation, we enrolled 104 children who met MIS-C screening criteria, 14 of whom were eventually diagnosed with MIS-C. Before treatment, we collected breath samples for volatiles and peripheral blood for measurement of plasma proteins and immune cell features. Clinical and laboratory features were used as inputs for a machine learning model to determine diagnostic importance. MIS-C was associated with significant changes in breath volatile organic compound (VOC) composition as well as increased plasma levels of secretory phospholipase A2 (PLA2G2A) and lipopolysaccharide binding protein (LBP). In an integrated model of all analytes, the proportion of TCRVβ21.3+ non-naive CD4 T cells expressing Ki-67 had a high sensitivity and specificity for MIS-C, with diagnostic accuracy further enhanced by low sodium and high PLA2G2A. We anticipate that accurate diagnosis will become increasingly difficult as MIS-C becomes less common. Clinical validation and application of this diagnostic model may improve outcomes in children presenting with multisystem febrile illnesses.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-15
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Preprint
    DOI 10.1101/2024.01.11.24301110
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Manipulation of diacylglycerol and ERK-mediated signaling differentially controls CD8

    Harabuchi, Shohei / Khan, Omar / Bassiri, Hamid / Yoshida, Taku / Okada, Yohei / Takizawa, Masaomi / Ikeda, Osamu / Katada, Akihiro / Kambayashi, Taku

    Frontiers in immunology

    2022  Volume 13, Page(s) 1032113

    Abstract: Introduction: Activation of T cell receptor (TCR) signaling is critical for clonal expansion of CD8+ T cells. However, the effects of augmenting TCR signaling during chronic antigen exposure is less understood. Here, we investigated the role of ... ...

    Abstract Introduction: Activation of T cell receptor (TCR) signaling is critical for clonal expansion of CD8+ T cells. However, the effects of augmenting TCR signaling during chronic antigen exposure is less understood. Here, we investigated the role of diacylglycerol (DAG)-mediated signaling downstream of the TCR during chronic lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus clone 13 (LCMV CL13) infection by blocking DAG kinase zeta (DGKζ), a negative regulator of DAG.
    Methods: We examined the activation, survival, expansion, and phenotype of virus-specific T cell in the acute and chronic phases of LCMV CL13-infected in mice after DGKζ blockade or selective activation of ERK.
    Results: Upon LCMV CL13 infection, DGKζ deficiency promoted early short-lived effector cell (SLEC) differentiation of LCMV-specific CD8+ T cells, but this was followed by abrupt cell death. Short-term inhibition of DGKζ with ASP1570, a DGKζ-selective pharmacological inhibitor, augmented CD8+ T cell activation without causing cell death, which reduced virus titers both in the acute and chronic phases of LCMV CL13 infection. Unexpectedly, the selective enhancement of ERK, one key signaling pathway downstream of DAG, lowered viral titers and promoted expansion, survival, and a memory phenotype of LCMV-specific CD8+ T cells in the acute phase with fewer exhausted T cells in the chronic phase. The difference seen between DGKζ deficiency and selective ERK enhancement could be potentially explained by the activation of the AKT/mTOR pathway by DGKζ deficiency, since the mTOR inhibitor rapamycin rescued the abrupt cell death seen in virus-specific DGKζ KO CD8+ T cells.
    Discussion: Thus, while ERK is downstream of DAG signaling, the two pathways lead to distinct outcomes in the context of chronic CD8+ T cell activation, whereby DAG promotes SLEC differentiation and ERK promotes a memory phenotype.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Mice ; CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes ; Diglycerides/metabolism ; Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis ; Lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus ; Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell ; Signal Transduction ; TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases/metabolism ; MAP Kinase Signaling System
    Chemical Substances Diglycerides ; Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell ; TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases (EC 2.7.11.1)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-11-24
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ZDB-ID 2606827-8
    ISSN 1664-3224 ; 1664-3224
    ISSN (online) 1664-3224
    ISSN 1664-3224
    DOI 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1032113
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: Emapalumab for the treatment of refractory cytokine release syndrome in pediatric patients.

    Schuelke, Matthew R / Bassiri, Hamid / Behrens, Edward M / Canna, Scott / Croy, Colleen / DiNofia, Amanda / Gollomp, Kandace / Grupp, Stephan / Lambert, Michele / Lambrix, Arathi / Maude, Shannon L / Myers, Regina / Newman, Haley / Petrosa, Whitney / Seif, Alix / Sullivan, Kathleen E / Teachey, David T / Diorio, Caroline

    Blood advances

    2023  Volume 7, Issue 18, Page(s) 5603–5607

    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Child ; Cytokine Release Syndrome/drug therapy ; Cytokine Release Syndrome/etiology ; Antibodies, Monoclonal/adverse effects ; Antibodies, Neutralizing
    Chemical Substances Emapalumab ; Antibodies, Monoclonal ; Antibodies, Neutralizing
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-09-18
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Letter
    ZDB-ID 2915908-8
    ISSN 2473-9537 ; 2473-9529
    ISSN (online) 2473-9537
    ISSN 2473-9529
    DOI 10.1182/bloodadvances.2023010712
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article ; Online: Enhancing Neuroblastoma Immunotherapies by Engaging iNKT and NK Cells.

    McNerney, Kevin O / Karageorgos, Spyridon A / Hogarty, Michael D / Bassiri, Hamid

    Frontiers in immunology

    2020  Volume 11, Page(s) 873

    Abstract: Neuroblastoma (NB) is the most common extracranial solid tumor in children and, in the high-risk group, has a 5-year mortality rate of ~50%. The high mortality rate and significant treatment-related morbidities associated with current standard of care ... ...

    Abstract Neuroblastoma (NB) is the most common extracranial solid tumor in children and, in the high-risk group, has a 5-year mortality rate of ~50%. The high mortality rate and significant treatment-related morbidities associated with current standard of care therapies belie the critical need for more tolerable and effective treatments for this disease. While the monoclonal antibody dinutuximab has demonstrated the potential for immunotherapy to improve overall NB outcomes, the 5-year overall survival of high-risk patients has not yet substantially changed. The frequency and type of invariant natural killer T cells (iNKTs) and natural killer cells (NKs) has been associated with improved outcomes in several solid and liquid malignancies, including NB. Indeed, iNKTs and NKs inhibit tumor associated macrophages (TAMs) and myeloid derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), kill cancer stem cells (CSCs) and neuroblasts, and robustly secrete cytokines to recruit additional immune effectors. These capabilities, and promising pre-clinical and early clinical data suggest that iNKT- and NK-based therapies may hold promise as both stand-alone and combination treatments for NB. In this review we will summarize the biologic features of iNKTs and NKs that confer advantages for NB immunotherapy, discuss the barriers imposed by the NB tumor microenvironment, and examine the current state of such therapies in pre-clinical models and clinical trials.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Child ; Clinical Trials as Topic ; Disease Models, Animal ; Humans ; Immunotherapy, Adoptive/methods ; Killer Cells, Natural/immunology ; Killer Cells, Natural/transplantation ; Natural Killer T-Cells/immunology ; Natural Killer T-Cells/transplantation ; Neuroblastoma/therapy ; Tumor Microenvironment
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-05-08
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2606827-8
    ISSN 1664-3224 ; 1664-3224
    ISSN (online) 1664-3224
    ISSN 1664-3224
    DOI 10.3389/fimmu.2020.00873
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article ; Online: Skewed Cytokine Responses Rather Than the Magnitude of the Cytokine Storm May Drive Cardiac Dysfunction in Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children.

    Chang, Joyce C / Matsubara, Daisuke / Morgan, Ryan W / Diorio, Caroline / Nadaraj, Sumekala / Teachey, David T / Bassiri, Hamid / Behrens, Edward M / Banerjee, Anirban

    Journal of the American Heart Association

    2021  Volume 10, Issue 16, Page(s) e021428

    Abstract: Background Cardiac dysfunction is a prominent feature of multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C), yet the etiology is poorly understood. We determined whether dysfunction is global or regional, and whether it is associated with the cytokine ...

    Abstract Background Cardiac dysfunction is a prominent feature of multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C), yet the etiology is poorly understood. We determined whether dysfunction is global or regional, and whether it is associated with the cytokine milieu, microangiopathy, or severity of shock. Methods and Results We analyzed echocardiographic parameters of myocardial deformation and compared global and segmental left ventricular strain between 43 cases with MIS-C ≤18 years old and 40 controls. Primary outcomes included left ventricular global longitudinal strain, right ventricular free wall strain), and left atrial strain. We evaluated relationships between strain and profiles of 10 proinflammatory cytokines, microangiopathic features (soluble C5b9), and vasoactive-inotropic requirements. Compared with controls, cases with MIS-C had significant impairments in all parameters of systolic and diastolic function. 65% of cases with MIS-C had abnormal left ventricular function (
    MeSH term(s) Adolescent ; Age Factors ; Atrial Function, Left ; Biomarkers/blood ; COVID-19/complications ; COVID-19/diagnosis ; COVID-19/immunology ; Child ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Cytokine Release Syndrome/diagnosis ; Cytokine Release Syndrome/etiology ; Cytokine Release Syndrome/immunology ; Cytokines/blood ; Echocardiography ; Female ; Heart Diseases/diagnostic imaging ; Heart Diseases/etiology ; Heart Diseases/immunology ; Heart Diseases/physiopathology ; Humans ; Inflammation Mediators/blood ; Male ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Assessment ; Risk Factors ; Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome/complications ; Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome/diagnosis ; Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome/immunology ; Ventricular Function, Left ; Ventricular Function, Right
    Chemical Substances Biomarkers ; Cytokines ; Inflammation Mediators
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-08-07
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ZDB-ID 2653953-6
    ISSN 2047-9980 ; 2047-9980
    ISSN (online) 2047-9980
    ISSN 2047-9980
    DOI 10.1161/JAHA.121.021428
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article ; Online: 3502 Stimulating iNKT Cell-Mediated Neuroblastoma Cytotoxicity in a Mouse Model

    Kevin Owen McNerney / Hamid Bassiri / Spyridon Karageorgos / Priya Khurana

    Journal of Clinical and Translational Science, Vol 3, Pp 21-

    2019  Volume 21

    Abstract: OBJECTIVES/SPECIFIC AIMS: Overall Research Aim: To develop an iNKT-cell engaging reagent (“CAb”)to induce neuroblastoma-directed cytotoxicity in vitro and in a mouse model of neuroblastoma. Objective 1: Explore the contribution of different GD2 ... ...

    Abstract OBJECTIVES/SPECIFIC AIMS: Overall Research Aim: To develop an iNKT-cell engaging reagent (“CAb”)to induce neuroblastoma-directed cytotoxicity in vitro and in a mouse model of neuroblastoma. Objective 1: Explore the contribution of different GD2 affinities to the cytotoxicity against neuroblastoma cells in vitro. Objective 2: Deteremine whether use of different stimulatory glycolipids (alpha-GalCer vs. C34) alter the activation and cytotoxicity of iNKT cells against neuroblastoma in vitro. Objective 3: To analyze survival of an immunocompetent mouse model of neuroblastoma treated with C34-loaded vs alpha-GalCer-loaded CAb molecule, and to analyze the tumor microenvironment in each treatment condition. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: CAb molecule will be generated by fusing a CD1d protein to an scFv domain for GD2 using cloning techniques. Previous work by our group has used a streptavidin-biotin system to link CD1d to an antibody against GD2, which is large and immunogenic. Protein expression of this novel fusion protein will occur in HEK293 cells. This new CAb molecule will then be loaded with alpha-GalCer or C34 for use in cytotoxicity and in vivo experiments. Cytotoxicity Assessment: Chromium assays will be used to assess the specific cytotoxicity generated by iNKT cells against neuroblastoma cells in vitro. iNKT cells will be activated by “CAb’s” with relatively high and low affinity for GD2, and also with Alpha-GalCer and C34 glycolipid antigen. flow cytometry will be used to assess for CD107a and Interferon Gamma. Mouse Model of Neuroblastoma: TH-MYCN +/+ mice will be used as an immunocompetent model of neuroblastoma. These mice have the MYCN gene under the control of a tyrosine hydroxylase promoter, and spontaneously develop neuroblastomas by 2 weeks of life which are uniformly fatal by 8 weeks of life. In vivo survival studies will be conducted by injecting CAb of relatively high and low affinity, loaded with glycolipid antigen intraperitonealy into TH-MYCN+/+ mice starting at 2 weeks of age, twice weekly. ...
    Keywords Medicine ; R
    Subject code 616
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-03-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Cambridge University Press
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  10. Article ; Online: Intravenous colistin use for infections due to MDR Gram-negative bacilli in critically ill paediatric patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

    Karageorgos, Spyridon A / Bassiri, Hamid / Siakallis, George / Miligkos, Michael / Tsioutis, Constantinos

    The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy

    2019  Volume 74, Issue 9, Page(s) 2497–2506

    Abstract: Background: Data are limited regarding the clinical effectiveness and safety of intravenous colistin for treatment of infections due to MDR Gram-negative bacilli (GNB) in paediatric ICUs (PICUs).: Methods: Systematic review of intravenous colistin ... ...

    Abstract Background: Data are limited regarding the clinical effectiveness and safety of intravenous colistin for treatment of infections due to MDR Gram-negative bacilli (GNB) in paediatric ICUs (PICUs).
    Methods: Systematic review of intravenous colistin use in critically ill paediatric patients with MDR-GNB infection in PubMed, Scopus and EMBASE (up to 31 January 2018).
    Results: Out of 1181 citations, 7 studies were included on the use of intravenous colistin for 405 patients in PICUs. The majority of patients were diagnosed with lower respiratory tract infections, Acinetobacter baumannii being the predominant pathogen. Colistin dosages ranged between 2.6 and 18 mg/kg/day, with only one case reporting a loading dose. Emergence of colistin resistance during treatment was reported in two cases. Nephrotoxicity and neurotoxicity were reported in 6.1% and 0.5%, respectively, but concomitant medications and severe underlying illness limited our ability to definitively associate use of colistin with nephrotoxicity. Crude mortality was 29.5% (95% CI = 21.7%-38.1%), whereas infection-related mortality was 16.6% (95% CI = 12.2%-21.5%).
    Conclusions: While the reported incidence of adverse events related to colistin was low, reported mortality rates for infections due to MDR-GNB in PICUs were notable. In addition to severity of disease and comorbidities, inadequate daily dosage and the absence of a loading dose may have contributed to mortality. As the use of colistin for treatment of MDR-GNB infections increases, it is imperative to understand whether optimal dosing of colistin in paediatric patients differs across different age groups. Thus, future studies to establish the pharmacokinetic properties of colistin in different paediatric settings are warranted.
    MeSH term(s) Acinetobacter Infections/drug therapy ; Acinetobacter Infections/microbiology ; Acinetobacter baumannii/drug effects ; Administration, Intravenous ; Adolescent ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/administration & dosage ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/adverse effects ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Colistin/administration & dosage ; Colistin/adverse effects ; Colistin/pharmacokinetics ; Critical Illness ; Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial ; Female ; Gram-Negative Bacteria/drug effects ; Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections/drug therapy ; Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections/microbiology ; Humans ; Intensive Care Units, Pediatric ; Male
    Chemical Substances Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Colistin (Z67X93HJG1)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-04-30
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Meta-Analysis ; Systematic Review
    ZDB-ID 191709-2
    ISSN 1460-2091 ; 0305-7453
    ISSN (online) 1460-2091
    ISSN 0305-7453
    DOI 10.1093/jac/dkz165
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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