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  1. Article ; Online: Trimethylamine N-oxide and kidney diseases: what do we know?

    Gungor, Ozkan / Hasbal, Nuri Baris / Alaygut, Demet

    Jornal brasileiro de nefrologia

    2024  Volume 46, Issue 1, Page(s) 85–92

    Abstract: In the human gut, there is a metabolically active microbiome whose metabolic products reach various organs and are used in the physiological activities of the body. When dysbiosis of intestinal microbial homeostasis occurs, pathogenic metabolites may ... ...

    Abstract In the human gut, there is a metabolically active microbiome whose metabolic products reach various organs and are used in the physiological activities of the body. When dysbiosis of intestinal microbial homeostasis occurs, pathogenic metabolites may increase and one of them is trimethyl amine-N-oxide (TMAO). TMAO is thought to have a role in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, atherosclerotic heart diseases, and cerebrovascular events. TMAO level is also associated with renal inflammation, fibrosis, acute kidney injury, diabetic kidney disease, and chronic kidney disease. In this review, the effect of TMAO on various kidney diseases is discussed.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Methylamines ; Diabetic Nephropathies ; Nephritis ; Acute Kidney Injury/etiology
    Chemical Substances trimethyloxamine (FLD0K1SJ1A) ; Methylamines
    Language Portuguese
    Publishing date 2024-01-08
    Publishing country Brazil
    Document type Review ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2057873-8
    ISSN 2175-8239 ; 2175-8239
    ISSN (online) 2175-8239
    ISSN 2175-8239
    DOI 10.1590/2175-8239-JBN-2023-0065en
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article: Biopolymer-Based Nanogel Approach in Drug Delivery: Basic Concept and Current Developments.

    Altuntaş, Ebru / Özkan, Burcu / Güngör, Sevgi / Özsoy, Yıldız

    Pharmaceutics

    2023  Volume 15, Issue 6

    Abstract: Due to their increased surface area, extent of swelling and active substance-loading capacity and flexibility, nanogels made from natural and synthetic polymers have gained significant interest in scientific and industrial areas. In particular, the ... ...

    Abstract Due to their increased surface area, extent of swelling and active substance-loading capacity and flexibility, nanogels made from natural and synthetic polymers have gained significant interest in scientific and industrial areas. In particular, the customized design and implementation of nontoxic, biocompatible, and biodegradable micro/nano carriers makes their usage very feasible for a range of biomedical applications, including drug delivery, tissue engineering, and bioimaging. The design and application methodologies of nanogels are outlined in this review. Additionally, the most recent advancements in nanogel biomedical applications are discussed, with particular emphasis on applications for the delivery of drugs and biomolecules.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-06-02
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2527217-2
    ISSN 1999-4923
    ISSN 1999-4923
    DOI 10.3390/pharmaceutics15061644
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  3. Article ; Online: Vascular calcification inhibitors and cardiovascular events in peritoneal dialysis patients.

    Olmaz, Refik / Selen, Tamer / Gungor, Ozkan

    Therapeutic apheresis and dialysis : official peer-reviewed journal of the International Society for Apheresis, the Japanese Society for Apheresis, the Japanese Society for Dialysis Therapy

    2023  Volume 28, Issue 2, Page(s) 169–181

    Abstract: The prevalence of cardiovascular diseases is high among patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients, which increases morbidity and mortality in this population and represents a significant financial burden for both ... ...

    Abstract The prevalence of cardiovascular diseases is high among patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients, which increases morbidity and mortality in this population and represents a significant financial burden for both the patients and the healthcare systems. Vascular calcification (VC) is associated with increased morbidity and mortality and VC risk is higher in patients with CKD than in healthy individuals. Calcification inhibitors, compounds that inhibit VC, were discovered as a result of efforts to explain why some patients are spared. It was found that certain proteins (e.g., fetuin-A, osteopontin, osteoprotegerin, bone morphogenetic protein-7) inhibit calcification in dialysis patients. In this narrative review, we provide an overview of known calcification inhibitors, describe the relevant regulatory mechanisms, and discuss their relation to VC development in PD patients.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Vascular Calcification/epidemiology ; Vascular Calcification/etiology ; Cardiovascular Diseases/epidemiology ; Cardiovascular Diseases/etiology ; Renal Dialysis ; Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/complications ; Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/therapy ; Peritoneal Dialysis/adverse effects
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-11-27
    Publishing country Australia
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2119809-3
    ISSN 1744-9987 ; 1091-6660 ; 1744-9979
    ISSN (online) 1744-9987
    ISSN 1091-6660 ; 1744-9979
    DOI 10.1111/1744-9987.14091
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    Zs.A 5208: Show issues Location:
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  4. Article ; Online: NETosis and kidney disease: what do we know?

    Alaygut, Demet / Ozturk, Ilyas / Ulu, Sena / Gungor, Ozkan

    International urology and nephrology

    2023  Volume 55, Issue 8, Page(s) 1985–1994

    Abstract: Neutrophils are the most abundant leukocytes in the blood. They are rapidly mobilized from the circulation to sites of inflammation and/or infection. In affected tissues, neutrophils exhibit some dramatic antimicrobial functions, including degranulation, ...

    Abstract Neutrophils are the most abundant leukocytes in the blood. They are rapidly mobilized from the circulation to sites of inflammation and/or infection. In affected tissues, neutrophils exhibit some dramatic antimicrobial functions, including degranulation, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, phagocytosis, and formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs). Like other cells of the immune system, after fulfilling their biological duties, they enter the path of death. Depending on the conditions, they may undergo different types of cell death (apoptosis, necrosis, necroptosis, autophagy, NETosis, and pyroptosis) that require the participation of multiple signaling pathways. NETosis is a unique neutrophil cell death mechanism that gives rise to different inflammatory and autoimmune pathological conditions. Recent studies have shown that NETosis also plays a role in the formation and/or progression of kidney diseases. This review discusses the underlying mechanism of NETosis and its relationship with some major kidney diseases in light of the current knowledge.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Neutrophils/metabolism ; Extracellular Traps/metabolism ; Apoptosis ; Necrosis/metabolism ; Reactive Oxygen Species/metabolism ; Autoimmune Diseases
    Chemical Substances Reactive Oxygen Species
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-02-25
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 204048-7
    ISSN 1573-2584 ; 0301-1623 ; 0042-1162
    ISSN (online) 1573-2584
    ISSN 0301-1623 ; 0042-1162
    DOI 10.1007/s11255-023-03527-y
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  5. Article ; Online: Current Approach to Renal Transplantation Candidates and Potential Donors with Viral Hepatitis.

    Korucu, Berfu / Ulu, Sena / Gungor, Ozkan

    Prilozi (Makedonska akademija na naukite i umetnostite. Oddelenie za medicinski nauki)

    2023  Volume 44, Issue 1, Page(s) 135–144

    Abstract: Renal transplantation is the most beneficial treatment in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), increasing life expectancy and improving quality of life. A better understanding of organ and tissue functions, the development of surgical techniques, ... ...

    Abstract Renal transplantation is the most beneficial treatment in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), increasing life expectancy and improving quality of life. A better understanding of organ and tissue functions, the development of surgical techniques, and new and effective immunosuppressive and antimicrobial drugs increase the success of transplantation. However, the number of renal transplantations from living and cadaveric donors is not at the desired frequency. Among the leading causes of the restrictions for transplantation are both the recipients' and donors' chronic diseases. While hepatitis B and C infections are a significant problem affecting the number and success of renal transplantations, the innovation of hepatitis C virus treatments has improved outcomes. Thus, the recipient and donor hepatitis B and C virus infections are no longer considered as relative contraindications for renal transplantation. This review discusses the management of patients and donors with hepatitis B and hepatitis C in renal transplantation.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Kidney Transplantation/adverse effects ; Antiviral Agents/therapeutic use ; Quality of Life ; Hepatitis, Viral, Human/drug therapy ; Hepatitis, Viral, Human/etiology ; Hepatitis C/drug therapy ; Hepatitis C/etiology ; Tissue Donors ; Hepatitis B/diagnosis ; Hepatitis B/drug therapy ; Hepatitis B/etiology ; Hepacivirus
    Chemical Substances Antiviral Agents
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-03-29
    Publishing country North Macedonia
    Document type Review ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2743787-5
    ISSN 1857-8985 ; 1857-9345
    ISSN (online) 1857-8985
    ISSN 1857-9345
    DOI 10.2478/prilozi-2023-0015
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    Zs.A 6857: Show issues Location:
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  6. Article ; Online: The factors that are associated with itching in chronic kidney patients and evaluation of itching with the 5d itch scale.

    Cetin, Barıs Mulla / Guzel, Fatma Betul / Ozturk, Ilyas / Erken, Ertugrul / Gungor, Ozkan / Altunoren, Orcun

    International urology and nephrology

    2024  Volume 56, Issue 6, Page(s) 1973–1981

    Abstract: Objective: Uremic pruritus is a distressing complication of chronic kidney disease (CKD), associated with mortality, and negatively impacts quality of life. The 5D-Itch Scale (5D-IS) is an easy-to-apply technique that evaluates 5 different dimensions of ...

    Abstract Objective: Uremic pruritus is a distressing complication of chronic kidney disease (CKD), associated with mortality, and negatively impacts quality of life. The 5D-Itch Scale (5D-IS) is an easy-to-apply technique that evaluates 5 different dimensions of itching such as duration, severity, course, disability, and prevalence. We aimed to investigate the prevalence of itching in different CKD stages using the 5D-IS and to investigate the factors associated with itching in CKD patients.
    Materials and methods: 5D-IS was used to evaluate itching in chronic hemodialysis (HD) and Stage 3-5 CKD patients. Total itching score and sub-scores consist of duration, severity, course, disability and distribution were obtained. Itching scores and prevalence according to CKD stages were investigated. Also the relationships between itching scores and some laboratory and clinical parameters such as iPTH, Ca, P, CRP levels were examined.
    Results: 158 CKD patients included in the study included (110 Stage 3-5 and 48 HD). The frequency of itching was higher in HD patients than in predialysis patients (62.5% vs 46.4%; p = 0.04). The total itching score increased along with CKD stages 3 to 5 (7.75 ± 3.39, 7.82 ± 4.11 and 9.08 ± 5.12 respectively; p = 0.14). The severity, duration and course scores of itching were similar between the groups, but the distribution scores increased as the CKD stage increased. The laboratory and clinical characteristics of patients with and without itching were not different. Even if a significant positive correlation was detected between the parathyroid hormone levels and both the total 5D-IS scores and all of the sub-scores, Ca and P values were not correlated with itching scores. In the multiple regression analysis, the only parameter that had an effect on the total 5D-IS Score was the parathyroid hormone level.
    Conclusion: In CKD, itching affects 40-70% of patients from the early stages. As the CKD stage increases, itching spreads throughout the body. The only parameter that seems to be associated with itching is the PTH level.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Pruritus/etiology ; Female ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/complications ; Severity of Illness Index ; Renal Dialysis ; Adult ; Aged ; Parathyroid Hormone/blood ; Prevalence ; Cross-Sectional Studies
    Chemical Substances Parathyroid Hormone
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-02-09
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 204048-7
    ISSN 1573-2584 ; 0301-1623 ; 0042-1162
    ISSN (online) 1573-2584
    ISSN 0301-1623 ; 0042-1162
    DOI 10.1007/s11255-023-03937-y
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    Zs.A 733: Show issues Location:
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  7. Article ; Online: Dietary protein and muscle wasting in chronic kidney disease: new insights.

    Gungor, Ozkan / Kara, Ali Veysel / Hasbal, Nuri Baris / Kalantar-Zadeh, Kamyar

    Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care

    2023  Volume 26, Issue 3, Page(s) 226–234

    Abstract: Purpose of review: Muscle wasting is an important health problem in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients. Protein restriction in the diet can be one of the main causes of muscle wasting in this population. In this review, we aimed to investigate the ... ...

    Abstract Purpose of review: Muscle wasting is an important health problem in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients. Protein restriction in the diet can be one of the main causes of muscle wasting in this population. In this review, we aimed to investigate the relationship between dietary protein intake and muscle wasting in CKD patients according to recent literature.
    Recent findings: The one of the main mechanisms responsible for the muscle wasting is the disturbances in skeletal muscle protein turnover. Muscle wasting primarily occurs when the rates of muscle protein breakdown exceed the muscle protein synthesis. Dietary protein intake represents an important role by causing a potent anabolic stimulus resulting a positive muscle protein balance. Compared to studies made in healthy populations, there are very limited studies in the literature about the relationship between dietary protein intake and muscle wasting in the CKD population. Majority of the studies showed that a more liberal protein intake is beneficial for muscle wasting in especially advanced CKD and hemodialysis population.
    Summary: Although evaluating muscle wasting in CKD patients, the amount of protein in the diet of patients should also be reviewed. Although excessive protein intake has some negative consequences on this patient group, a more liberated dietary protein intake should be taken into account in this patient group with muscle wasting and especially in dialysis patients.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Dietary Proteins ; Renal Insufficiency, Chronic ; Diet ; Muscular Atrophy ; Muscle, Skeletal ; Muscle Proteins
    Chemical Substances Dietary Proteins ; Muscle Proteins
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-01-17
    Publishing country England
    Document type Review ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1460178-3
    ISSN 1473-6519 ; 1363-1950
    ISSN (online) 1473-6519
    ISSN 1363-1950
    DOI 10.1097/MCO.0000000000000903
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    Zs.A 5586: Show issues Location:
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  8. Article ; Online: Sarcopenia and cardiovascular disease in patients with and without kidney disease: what do we know?

    Gungor, Ozkan / Sevinc, Mustafa / Ulu, Sena / Kocyigit, Ismail

    International urology and nephrology

    2022  Volume 55, Issue 5, Page(s) 1161–1171

    Abstract: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) incidence is high in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and is the most frequent cause of mortality in this population. Advanced age, hypertension, uremic toxins, endothelial dysfunction, atherosclerosis, ... ...

    Abstract Cardiovascular disease (CVD) incidence is high in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and is the most frequent cause of mortality in this population. Advanced age, hypertension, uremic toxins, endothelial dysfunction, atherosclerosis, hyperhomocysteinemia, oxidative stress, and inflammation are among the leading causes of increased CVD in advanced stages of CKD. Although defined as a decrease in muscle strength associated with aging, sarcopenia is also prevalent in CKD patients. Sarcopenia causes physical disability, low quality of life, and mortality. Regular exercise and nutritional supplementation may slow the progression of sarcopenia. Recent studies have shown that sarcopenia increases the risk of CVD and mortality in people with or without kidney disease. This review discusses the relationship between sarcopenia and CVD in light of the current literature.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Sarcopenia/complications ; Cardiovascular Diseases/epidemiology ; Quality of Life ; Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/complications ; Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/therapy ; Muscle Strength
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-11-03
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 204048-7
    ISSN 1573-2584 ; 0301-1623 ; 0042-1162
    ISSN (online) 1573-2584
    ISSN 0301-1623 ; 0042-1162
    DOI 10.1007/s11255-022-03393-0
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    Zs.A 733: Show issues Location:
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  9. Article ; Online: Poor management of hepatitis C infection will cause serious issues for patients with advanced chronic kidney disease.

    Erken, Ertugrul / Altunoren, Orcun / Gungor, Ozkan

    Journal of evidence-based medicine

    2021  Volume 14, Issue 2, Page(s) 87–89

    MeSH term(s) Antiviral Agents/therapeutic use ; Hepatitis C/complications ; Hepatitis C, Chronic/complications ; Hepatitis C, Chronic/drug therapy ; Humans ; Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/complications
    Chemical Substances Antiviral Agents
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-05-14
    Publishing country England
    Document type Letter
    ZDB-ID 2474496-7
    ISSN 1756-5391 ; 1756-5383
    ISSN (online) 1756-5391
    ISSN 1756-5383
    DOI 10.1111/jebm.12433
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  10. Article ; Online: The frequency of sarcopenia has increased in patients with glomerulonephritis.

    Isiktas, Okay / Guzel, Fatma Betul / Ozturk, Ilyas / Topal, Kenan / Sahin, Murat / Altunoren, Orcun / Gungor, Ozkan

    Nephrology (Carlton, Vic.)

    2023  Volume 28, Issue 7, Page(s) 399–407

    Abstract: Aim: Sarcopenia is defined as the loss of muscle mass and muscle strength, and its frequency increases in kidney patients. However, sarcopenia frequency in patients with glomerulonephritis is unknown. The present study aimed to investigate the frequency ...

    Abstract Aim: Sarcopenia is defined as the loss of muscle mass and muscle strength, and its frequency increases in kidney patients. However, sarcopenia frequency in patients with glomerulonephritis is unknown. The present study aimed to investigate the frequency of sarcopenia in patients with glomerulonephritis and compare the results with the healthy population for the first time in the literature.
    Patients and methods: A total of 110 participants, including 70 patients previously diagnosed with glomerulonephritis and 40 healthy individuals, were included in the study. The diagnosis of sarcopenia was made based on the EWSGOP 2 Criteria.
    Results: The mean age of the glomerulonephritis patients group was 39.3 ± 1.5. In the anthropometric measurements of the patients, walking speed was low in 50 patients (71.4%), muscle strength was decreased in 44 patients (62.9%), and sarcopenia was detected in 10 patients (14.3%) according to the EWGSOP 2 Criteria. Considering the anthropometric measurements of the control group, sarcopenia was not detected in any of the subjects according to the EWGSOP 2 Criteria.
    Conclusion: The result of the present study revealed that the rate of sarcopenia was significantly higher in glomerulonephritis patients compared to the healthy population and that sarcopenia can also be observed even in middle age in this population. We think it would be beneficial for clinicians treating glomerulonephritis to be more careful regarding sarcopenia and keep these parameters in mind during treatment.
    MeSH term(s) Middle Aged ; Humans ; Hand Strength/physiology ; Sarcopenia/diagnosis ; Muscle Strength/physiology ; Walking Speed ; Glomerulonephritis ; Prevalence
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-05-06
    Publishing country Australia
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1303661-0
    ISSN 1440-1797 ; 1320-5358
    ISSN (online) 1440-1797
    ISSN 1320-5358
    DOI 10.1111/nep.14169
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