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Article ; Online: The Chinese medicine Xin-tong-tai granule protects atherosclerosis by regulating oxidative stress through NOX/ROS/NF-κB signal pathway.

Wei, Jia-Ming / Yuan, Hui / Liu, Cheng-Xin / Wang, Zi-Yan / Shi, Min / Guo, Zhi-Hua / Li, Ya

Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & pharmacotherapie

2023 Volume 165, Page(s) 115200

Abstract: Background: Xin-tong-tai Granule (XTTG), a traditional Chinese medicine, has been used to treat ...

Abstract	Background: Xin-tong-tai Granule (XTTG), a traditional Chinese medicine, has been used to treat atherosclerosis (AS), but its mechanism is poorly understood. Intriguingly, oxidative stress has been recognized as vital factors in the treatment of atherosclerosis. Purpose: This study aims to explore the potential mechanism of XTTG for treating AS. Methods: An in-vivo model of AS was established by feeding ApoE Results: XTTG improved blood lipid levels and pathological aortic changes of ApoE Conclusion: XTTG can inhibit NOX/ROS/NF-κB signaling pathway, reduce damages caused by oxidative stress, and exert anti-AS effects.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Humans ; Mice ; Apolipoproteins E/genetics ; Apolipoproteins E/metabolism ; Atherosclerosis/drug therapy ; Atherosclerosis/prevention & control ; Atherosclerosis/genetics ; Lipoproteins, LDL/pharmacology ; NF-kappa B/metabolism ; Oxidative Stress ; Reactive Oxygen Species/metabolism ; Signal Transduction ; Superoxide Dismutase/metabolism ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/pharmacology
Chemical Substances	Apolipoproteins E ; Lipoproteins, LDL ; NF-kappa B ; Reactive Oxygen Species ; Superoxide Dismutase (EC 1.15.1.1) ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-07-26
Publishing country	France
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	392415-4
ISSN	1950-6007 ; 0753-3322 ; 0300-0893
ISSN (online)	1950-6007
ISSN	0753-3322 ; 0300-0893
DOI	10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115200
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Article ; Online: Mechanisms of Lian-Gui-Ning-Xin-Tang in the treatment of arrhythmia: Integrated pharmacology and in vivo pharmacological assessment.

Chen, Jinhong / Liu, Zhichao / Deng, Fangjun / Liang, Jiayu / Fan, Boya / Zhen, Xin / Tao, Rui / Sun, Lili / Zhang, Shaoqiang / Cong, Zidong / Li, Xiaofeng / Du, Wuxun

Phytomedicine : international journal of phytotherapy and phytopharmacology

2022 Volume 99, Page(s) 153989

Abstract: Background: Lian-Gui-Ning-Xin-Tang (LGNXT), a classical traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) formula ...

Abstract	Background: Lian-Gui-Ning-Xin-Tang (LGNXT), a classical traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) formula, has been widely used in clinical practice and has shown satisfactory efficacy in the treatment of arrhythmias. However, its mechanism of action in the treatment of arrhythmias is still unknown. Moreover, the complex chemical composition and therapeutic targets of LGNXT pose a challenge in pharmacological research. Purpose: To analyze the active compounds and action mechanisms of LGNXT for the treatment of arrhythmias. Methods: Here, we used an integrated pharmacology approach to identify the potential active compounds and mechanisms of action of LGNXT in treating arrhythmias. Potential active compounds in LGNXT were identified using ultra-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-TOF/MS) and the potential related targets of these compounds were predicted using an integrated in silico approach. The obtained targets were mapped onto relevant databases to identify their corresponding pathways, following the experiments that were conducted to confirm whether the presumptive results of systemic pharmacology were correct. Results: Eighty-three components were identified in herbal materials and in animal plasma using UPLC-Q-TOF/MS and were considered the potential active components of LGNXT. Thirty key targets and 57 Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways were identified as possible targets and pathways involved in LGNXT-mediated treatment using network pharmacology, with the cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP)/protein kinase A (PKA)/Ca Conclusions: The findings of this study revealed that preventing intracellular Ca
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-02-12
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1205240-1
ISSN	1618-095X ; 0944-7113
ISSN (online)	1618-095X
ISSN	0944-7113
DOI	10.1016/j.phymed.2022.153989
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Article: Corrigendum: Systems pharmacology approach to investigate the mechanism of Kai-Xin-San in Alzheimer's disease.

Luo, Yunxia / Li, Dongli / Liao, Yanfang / Cai, Chuipu / Wu, Qihui / Ke, Hanzhong / Liu, Xinning / Li, Huilin / Hong, Honghai / Xu, Yumin / Wang, Qi / Fang, Jiansong / Fang, Shuhuan

Frontiers in pharmacology

2023 Volume 14, Page(s) 1239060

Abstract: This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.00381.]. ...

Abstract	[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.00381.].
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-10-06
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Published Erratum
ZDB-ID	2587355-6
ISSN	1663-9812
ISSN	1663-9812
DOI	10.3389/fphar.2023.1239060
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Article ; Online: Classic Famous Prescription Kai-Xin-San Ameliorates Alzheimer's Disease via the Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling Pathway.

Shan, Xiaoxiao / Lv, Shujie / Huang, Peng / Zhang, Wei / Jin, Chuanshan / Liu, Yuanxu / Li, Yangyang / Jia, Yong / Chu, Xiaoqin / Peng, Can / Zhang, Caiyun

Molecular neurobiology

2023 Volume 61, Issue 4, Page(s) 2297–2312

Abstract: Kai-Xin-San (KXS) is a classic famous prescription composed of Polygalae Radix, Ginseng Radix et ...

Abstract	Kai-Xin-San (KXS) is a classic famous prescription composed of Polygalae Radix, Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma, Acori Tatarinowii Rhizoma, and Poria. Clinically, KXS is effective in treating amnesia and regulating cognitive dysfunction of Alzheimer's disease (AD), whereas its mechanism of action is still unclear. In this study, the AD model rats were established by combining intraperitoneal injection of D-galactose (150 mg/kg/day) and intracerebral injection of Aβ
MeSH term(s)	Rats ; Animals ; Alzheimer Disease/metabolism ; Caspase 3/metabolism ; Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 beta/metabolism ; beta Catenin/metabolism ; Wnt Signaling Pathway ; bcl-2-Associated X Protein ; Disease Models, Animal ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal
Chemical Substances	Kai-Xin-San ; Caspase 3 (EC 3.4.22.-) ; Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 beta (EC 2.7.11.1) ; beta Catenin ; bcl-2-Associated X Protein ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-10-24
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	645020-9
ISSN	1559-1182 ; 0893-7648
ISSN (online)	1559-1182
ISSN	0893-7648
DOI	10.1007/s12035-023-03707-y
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Article: MiR-1281 is involved in depression disorder and the antidepressant effects of Kai-Xin-San by targeting ADCY1 and DVL1.

Chen, Chao / Xu, Yuan-Jie / Zhang, Shang-Rong / Wang, Xiao-Hui / Hu, Yuan / Guo, Dai-Hong / Zhou, Xiao-Jiang / Zhu, Wei-Yu / Wen, Ai-Dong / Tan, Qing-Rong / Dong, Xian-Zhe / Liu, Ping

Heliyon

2023 Volume 9, Issue 3, Page(s) e14265

Abstract: Kai-Xin-San (KXS) is a Chinese medicine formulation that is commonly used to treat depression ...

Abstract	Kai-Xin-San (KXS) is a Chinese medicine formulation that is commonly used to treat depression caused by dual deficiencies in the heart and spleen. Recent studies indicated that miRNAs were involved in the pathophysiology of depression. However, there have been few studies on the mechanism underlying the miRNAs directly mediating antidepressant at clinical level, especially in nature drugs and TCM compound. In this study, we identified circulating miRNAs defferentially expressed among the depression patients (DPs), DPs who underwent 8weeks of KXS treatment and health controls (HCs). A total of 45 miRNAs (17 were up-regulated and 28 were down-regulated) were significantly differentially expressed among three groups. Subsequently, qRT-PCR was used to verify 10 differentially expressed candidate miRNAs in more serum samples, and the results showed that 6 miRNAs (miR-1281, miR-365a-3p, miR-2861, miR-16-5p, miR-1202 and miR-451a) were consistent with the results of microarray. Among them, miR-1281, was the novel dynamically altered and appeared to be specifically related to depression and antidepressant effects of KXS. MicroRNA-gene-pathway-net analysis showed that miR-1281-regulated genes are mostly key nodes in the classical signaling pathway related to depression. Additionally, our data suggest that ADCY1 and DVL1 were the targets of miR-1281. Thus, based on the discovery of miRNA expression profiles in vivo, our findings suggest a new role for miR-1281 related to depression and demonstrated in vitro that KXS may activate cAMP/PKA/ERK/CREB and Wnt/β-catenin signal transduction pathways by down-regulating miR-1281 that targets ADCY1 and DVL1 to achieve its role in neuronal cell protection.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-03-07
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2835763-2
ISSN	2405-8440
ISSN	2405-8440
DOI	10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e14265
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Article: Mechanisms of Lian-Gui-Ning-Xin-Tang in the treatment of arrhythmia: Integrated pharmacology and in vivo pharmacological assessment

Chen, Jinhong / Liu, Zhichao / Deng, Fangjun / Liang, Jiayu / Fan, Boya / Zhen, Xin / Tao, Rui / Sun, Lili / Zhang, Shaoqiang / Cong, Zidong / Li, Xiaofeng / Du, Wuxun

Phytomedicine. 2022 May, v. 99

2022

Abstract: Lian-Gui-Ning-Xin-Tang (LGNXT), a classical traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) formula, has been ...

Abstract	Lian-Gui-Ning-Xin-Tang (LGNXT), a classical traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) formula, has been widely used in clinical practice and has shown satisfactory efficacy in the treatment of arrhythmias. However, its mechanism of action in the treatment of arrhythmias is still unknown. Moreover, the complex chemical composition and therapeutic targets of LGNXT pose a challenge in pharmacological research. To analyze the active compounds and action mechanisms of LGNXT for the treatment of arrhythmias. Here, we used an integrated pharmacology approach to identify the potential active compounds and mechanisms of action of LGNXT in treating arrhythmias. Potential active compounds in LGNXT were identified using ultra-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-TOF/MS) and the potential related targets of these compounds were predicted using an integrated in silico approach. The obtained targets were mapped onto relevant databases to identify their corresponding pathways, following the experiments that were conducted to confirm whether the presumptive results of systemic pharmacology were correct. Eighty-three components were identified in herbal materials and in animal plasma using UPLC-Q-TOF/MS and were considered the potential active components of LGNXT. Thirty key targets and 57 Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways were identified as possible targets and pathways involved in LGNXT-mediated treatment using network pharmacology, with the cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP)/protein kinase A (PKA)/Ca²⁺ system pathway being the most significantly affected. This finding was validated using an adrenaline (Adr)-induced rat model of arrhythmias. Pretreatment with LGNXT delayed the occurrence, shortened the duration, and reduced the severity of arrhythmias. LGNXT exerted antiarrhythmic effects by inhibiting cAMP, PKA, CACNA1C, and RyR2. The findings of this study revealed that preventing intracellular Ca²⁺ overload and maintaining intracellular Ca²⁺ homeostasis may be the primary mechanisms of LGNXT in alleviating arrhythmias. Thus, we suggest that the β-adrenergic receptor (AR)/cAMP/PKA/Ca²⁺ system signaling hub may constitute a promising molecular target for the development of novel antiarrhythmic therapeutic interventions. Additionally, we believe that the approach of investigation of the biological effects of a multi-herbal formula by the combination of metabolomics and network pharmacology, as used in this study, could serve as a systematic model for TCM research.
Keywords	Oriental traditional medicine ; animal models ; animals ; arrhythmia ; calcium ; computer simulation ; cyclic AMP ; epinephrine ; homeostasis ; mass spectrometry ; mechanism of action ; metabolomics ; pharmacology ; therapeutics
Language	English
Dates of publication	2022-05
Publishing place	Elsevier GmbH
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	1205240-1
ISSN	1618-095X ; 0944-7113
ISSN (online)	1618-095X
ISSN	0944-7113
DOI	10.1016/j.phymed.2022.153989
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: Toyoncin, a Novel Leaderless Bacteriocin That Is Produced by Bacillus toyonensis XIN-YC13 and Specifically Targets B. cereus and Listeria monocytogenes.

Wang, Juanjuan / Xu, Haitao / Liu, Shu / Song, Baolong / Liu, Hualin / Li, Feng / Deng, Shulin / Wang, Guangli / Zeng, Huawei / Zeng, Xin / Xu, Dayong / Zhang, Biao / Xin, Bingyue

Applied and environmental microbiology

2021 Volume 87, Issue 12, Page(s) e0018521

Abstract: ... a laboratory-based screening strategy, we identified a strain in the B. cereus group, Bacillus toyonensis XIN ... toyoncin, was purified from the culture supernatant of strain XIN-YC13, and its molecular mass was found ...

Abstract	Bacteriocins have attracted increasing interest because of their potential as natural preservatives. Recent studies showed that the Bacillus cereus group is a prominent producer of bacteriocins. Using a laboratory-based screening strategy, we identified a strain in the B. cereus group, Bacillus toyonensis XIN-YC13, with antimicrobial activity against B. cereus. A novel, 70-amino-acid-long leaderless bacteriocin, toyoncin, was purified from the culture supernatant of strain XIN-YC13, and its molecular mass was found to be 7,817.1012 Da. Toyoncin shares no similarity with any other known bacteriocins, and its N-terminal amino acid is formylmethionine rather than methionine. Toyoncin shows good pH and heat stability and exhibits specific antimicrobial activity against two important foodborne pathogens, B. cereus and Listeria monocytogenes. Additionally, toyoncin exerts bactericidal activity and induces cell membrane damage. Toyoncin can also inhibit the outgrowth of B. cereus spores. Preservation assays showed that toyoncin effectively suppressed or eradicated B. cereus and L. monocytogenes in pasteurized skim milk. These results suggest that toyoncin can be used as a new biopreservative against B. cereus and L. monocytogenes in the food industry.
MeSH term(s)	Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Bacillus/metabolism ; Bacillus cereus/drug effects ; Bacillus cereus/growth & development ; Bacteriocins/chemistry ; Bacteriocins/genetics ; Bacteriocins/isolation & purification ; Bacteriocins/pharmacology ; Biological Control Agents ; Food Microbiology ; Food Preservatives/chemistry ; Food Preservatives/isolation & purification ; Food Preservatives/pharmacology ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Listeria monocytogenes/drug effects ; Listeria monocytogenes/growth & development ; Milk/microbiology ; Multigene Family ; Spores, Bacterial/drug effects ; Spores, Bacterial/growth & development ; Temperature
Chemical Substances	Bacteriocins ; Biological Control Agents ; Food Preservatives
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-05-26
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	223011-2
ISSN	1098-5336 ; 0099-2240
ISSN (online)	1098-5336
ISSN	0099-2240
DOI	10.1128/AEM.00185-21
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Article: Xin-Li-Fang efficacy and safety for patients with chronic heart failure: A study protocol for a randomized, double-blind, and placebo-controlled trial.

Liu, Tong / Yao, Sijie / Jiang, Wei / Lan, Taohua / Xu, Wenjing / Cao, Haiming / Yao, Ping / Wang, Chao / Lu, Weihui / Chen, Xiankun

Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine

2023 Volume 10, Page(s) 1103548

Abstract: Introduction: Xin-Li-Fang (XLF), a representative Chinese patent medicine, was derived from years ...

Abstract	Introduction: Xin-Li-Fang (XLF), a representative Chinese patent medicine, was derived from years of clinical experience by academician Chen Keji, and is widely used to treat chronic heart failure (CHF). However, there remains a lack of high-quality evidence to support clinical decision-making. Therefore, we designed a randomized controlled trial (RCT) to evaluate the efficacy and safety of XLF for CHF. Methods and design: This multicenter, double-blinded RCT will be conducted in China. 300 eligible participants will be randomly assigned to either an XLF group or a control group at a 1:1 ratio. Participants in the XLF group will receive XLF granules plus routine care, while those in the control group will receive placebo granules plus routine care. The study period is 26 weeks, including a 2-week run-in period, a 12-week treatment period, and a 12-week follow-up. The primary outcome is the proportion of patients whose serum NT-proBNP decreased by more than 30%. The secondary outcomes include quality of life, the NYHA classification evaluation, 6-min walking test, TCM symptom evaluations, echocardiography parameters, and clinical events (including hospitalization for worsening heart failure, all-cause death, and other major cardiovascular events). Discussion: The results of the study are expected to provide evidence of high methodological and reporting quality on the efficacy and safety of XLF for CHF. Clinical trial registration: Chinese Clinical Trial Registration Center (www.chictr.org.cn). The trial was registered on 13 April 2022 (ChiCTR2200058649).
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-01-27
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2781496-8
ISSN	2297-055X
ISSN	2297-055X
DOI	10.3389/fcvm.2023.1103548
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Article ; Online: Yang-Xin-Shu-Mai granule alleviates atherosclerosis by regulating macrophage polarization via the TLR9/MyD88/NF-κB signaling pathway.

Huang, Hong / Sun, Zeqi / Xu, Junyao / Wang, Linjie / Zhao, Jing / Li, Jie / Zhang, Siqi / Yuan, Fang / Liu, Ming / Fang, Zhuyuan

Journal of ethnopharmacology

2023 Volume 318, Issue Pt A, Page(s) 116868

Abstract: Ethnopharmacological relevance: Previous studies have found that Yang-Xin-Shu-Mai granule (YXSMG ...

Abstract	Ethnopharmacological relevance: Previous studies have found that Yang-Xin-Shu-Mai granule (YXSMG) has certain advantages in the treatment of stable coronary heart disease. However, YXSMG can inhibit the progression of atherosclerotic plaque and stabilize vulnerable plaque needs to be further explored and studied. This research, mass spectrometry analysis, network pharmacology, in vivo and in vitro experimental studies were conducted to explore the mechanism of YXSMG on atherosclerosis. Aim of the study: To decipher the mechanism of atherosclerotic plaque, stabilization for YXSMG by analysis of its active ingredients and biological network and activity in whole animal and at cellular and molecular levels. Methods: The active components of YXSMG were determined using high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS) analysis. The 'Disease-Compound-Target-Pathway' network diagram was constructed using network pharmacology, and the stability of binding between core targets and core compounds was analyzed with molecular docking. After intervention with YXSMG, the pathology of aortic plaque, inflammation in the surrounding tissue, expression of TLR9/MyD88/NF-κB pathway protein in plaque and M1/M2 polarization of plaque macrophages were evaluated in vivo in apolipoprotein E-deficient (ApoE Results: Five active compounds were identified in YXSMG: catechin, formononetin, tanshinone IIA, cryptotanshinone and glycitein. Network pharmacology studies revealed TLR9 as one of the core targets of YXSMG intervention in atherosclerosis. Computer simulation of molecular docking showed that TLR9 could interact with the core compound to form a stable complex. In vivo experiments confirmed that YXSMG could significantly inhibit atherosclerotic plaque, reduce levels of blood lipids and inflammatory factors, downregulate TLR9/MyD88/NF-κB pathway protein and inhibit aortic sinus macrophages polarization to M1, but promote their polarization to M2 to inhibit inflammation. In vitro experiments revealed that YXSMG could downregulate expression of TLR9 gene and protein in ODN1826-activated RAW264.7 macrophages. ODN2088 had a synergistic effect with YXSMG on the TLR9/MyD88/NF-κB signaling pathway, and reprogrammed macrophages polarization from M1 to M2 by inhibiting TLR9, thus reducing immuno-inflammatory response. Conclusion: YXSMG can reduce the level of blood lipid and improve the size of atherosclerotic plaque and inflammatory infiltration in ApoE
MeSH term(s)	Mice ; Animals ; Plaque, Atherosclerotic/pathology ; NF-kappa B/metabolism ; Myeloid Differentiation Factor 88/metabolism ; Toll-Like Receptor 9/metabolism ; Computer Simulation ; Molecular Docking Simulation ; Tandem Mass Spectrometry ; Atherosclerosis/genetics ; Signal Transduction ; Macrophages ; Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing/metabolism ; Inflammation/pathology ; Lipids/pharmacology ; Apolipoproteins E/genetics ; Mice, Inbred C57BL
Chemical Substances	NF-kappa B ; Myeloid Differentiation Factor 88 ; Toll-Like Receptor 9 ; Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing ; Lipids ; Apolipoproteins E
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-07-16
Publishing country	Ireland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	134511-4
ISSN	1872-7573 ; 0378-8741
ISSN (online)	1872-7573
ISSN	0378-8741
DOI	10.1016/j.jep.2023.116868
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Article: Xin-Ji-Er-Kang Alleviates Isoproterenol-Induced Myocardial Hypertrophy in Mice through the Nrf2/HO-1 Signaling Pathway.

Yu, Ting-Ting / Sun, Li-Jun / Chen, Chen / Wang, Zi-Jian / Liu, Xue-Sheng / Zhu, Feng-Qin / Gao, Shan

Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM

2022 Volume 2022, Page(s) 7229080

Abstract: Xin-Ji-Er-Kang (XJEK) inhibited cardiovascular remodeling in hypertensive mice in our previous ...

Abstract	Xin-Ji-Er-Kang (XJEK) inhibited cardiovascular remodeling in hypertensive mice in our previous studies. We hypothesized that XJEK may prevent isoproterenol (ISO)-induced myocardial hypertrophy (MH) in mice by ameliorating oxidative stress (OS) through a mechanism that may be related to the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)/heme oxygenase-1(HO-1) pathways. Forty SPF male Kunming mice were randomized into 5 groups (
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-08-22
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2171158-6
ISSN	1741-4288 ; 1741-427X
ISSN (online)	1741-4288
ISSN	1741-427X
DOI	10.1155/2022/7229080
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