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  1. Article ; Online: Tobacco quitlines: Opportunities for innovation to increase reach and effectiveness.

    Sheffer, Christine E

    Preventive medicine

    2022  Volume 165, Issue Pt B, Page(s) 107319

    Abstract: The largest tobacco treatment network in North America, Tobacco Quitlines are an effective population-based approach to increase tobacco cessation; however, overall reach has decreased significantly in the past decade. A new generation of innovations ... ...

    Abstract The largest tobacco treatment network in North America, Tobacco Quitlines are an effective population-based approach to increase tobacco cessation; however, overall reach has decreased significantly in the past decade. A new generation of innovations responsive to evolving shifts in communication preferences, supported by research, and focused on increasing the impact of services have the potential to reinvigorate this network. The goal of this narrative review was to identify opportunities for innovation in Quitline service delivery, synthesize evidence for these opportunities, and identify gaps in the research. Innovation was defined as significant shift in current practice by utilizing novel theoretical concepts, approaches, methodologies, or interventions. The Experimental Medicine Approach informed the identification of gaps in the research. The specific domains were selected by reviewing previous reviews, commentaries, calls for action, and a recent report on promising practices. Evidence was garnered primarily from systematic reviews. Opportunities included automated and interactive digital therapeutics, novel health communications for stigma-free media campaigns, methods to increase access to nicotine replacement therapies, novel treatment options and combinations, and methods to promote engagement with digital therapeutics. Research topics that cross multiple domains include the consideration of theoretical frameworks, the identification of therapeutic targets and mechanisms of action, and the development of adapted approaches to address specific challenges and cultural responsivity. Finally, an examination is needed to understand how to improve the speed with which innovations are developed and implemented in this network.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Hotlines ; Smoking Cessation/methods ; Nicotiana ; Tobacco Use Cessation Devices ; Tobacco Use
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-10-22
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Review ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 184600-0
    ISSN 1096-0260 ; 0091-7435
    ISSN (online) 1096-0260
    ISSN 0091-7435
    DOI 10.1016/j.ypmed.2022.107319
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Differences among factors associated with tobacco product use among Black and White adolescents: A cross-sectional analysis of wave one of the PATH study 2013-2014.

    Espinosa, Adriana / Conway, Fiona N / Ruglass, Lesia M / Sheffer, Christine E

    Tobacco induced diseases

    2023  Volume 21, Page(s) 54

    Abstract: Introduction: Tobacco use remains a primary cause of health disparities between Black and White Americans. Current approaches have not improved tobacco-related racial health disparities. This study aimed to identify differences in factors associated ... ...

    Abstract Introduction: Tobacco use remains a primary cause of health disparities between Black and White Americans. Current approaches have not improved tobacco-related racial health disparities. This study aimed to identify differences in factors associated with tobacco product use among Black and White adolescents.
    Methods: This cross-sectional design used data from Wave One (2013-2014) of the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health Study. Adolescents aged 12-17 years who identified as non-Hispanic Black or African American (n=1800) or non-Hispanic White (n=6495) were included. Primary outcomes were the ever use and current use of any tobacco products. Sociocultural, household environment, psychological, and behavioral factors were included. Logistic regressions, stratified by race, were used to determine significance. Dominance analysis was used to rank significant factors by their level of importance.
    Results: Although there were many Black-White commonalities, there were also important differences. Black adolescents in the Northeast were more likely to have ever used tobacco compared to those in the South (OR=0.6; 95% CI: 0.6-0.7, p<0.001) and Midwest (OR=0.6; 95% CI: 0.5-0.7, p<0.001). White adolescents in the Northeast were less likely to use tobacco products than in other regions. Peer influences (OR=1.9; 95% CI: 1.1-3.2, p<0.05) were uniquely associated with ever use among Black adolescents. Access to tobacco in the home (OR=2.0; 95% CI: 1.4-3.0, p<0.001) and thinking that tobacco use would help reduce stress (OR=1.3; 95% CI: 1.1-1.6, p<0.01) were uniquely associated with current use among Black adolescents.
    Conclusions: There are significant Black-White differences in the factors associated with tobacco use. Factors uniquely associated with Black adolescent tobacco use should be considered in developing strategies to prevent adolescent tobacco use in Black communities.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-05-05
    Publishing country Greece
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2194616-4
    ISSN 1617-9625 ; 1617-9625
    ISSN (online) 1617-9625
    ISSN 1617-9625
    DOI 10.18332/tid/161932
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article: Testing the Efficacy of a Scalable Telephone-Delivered Guided Imagery Tobacco Cessation Treatment: Protocol for a Randomized Clinical Trial.

    Gordon, Judith S / Armin, Julie S / Giacobbi, Peter / Hsu, Chiu-Hsieh / Marano, Kari / Sheffer, Christine E

    JMIR research protocols

    2023  Volume 12, Page(s) e48898

    Abstract: Background: Tobacco use continues to be a leading preventable cause of death and disease in the United States, accounting for >480,000 deaths each year. Although treatments for tobacco use are effective for many, there is substantial variability in ... ...

    Abstract Background: Tobacco use continues to be a leading preventable cause of death and disease in the United States, accounting for >480,000 deaths each year. Although treatments for tobacco use are effective for many, there is substantial variability in outcomes, and these approaches are not effective for all individuals seeking to quit smoking cigarettes. New, effective therapeutic approaches are needed to meet the preferences of people who want to stop smoking. Guided imagery (GI) is a mind-body technique that involves the guided visualization of specific mental images, which is enhanced with other sensory modalities and emotions. Preliminary evidence provides initial support for the use of GI as a treatment for cigarette smoking. Meta-analyses have shown that standard treatment for cigarette smoking delivered over the telephone via quitlines is effective. A telephone-based intervention that uses GI might provide another effective treatment option and increase the reach and effectiveness of quitlines.
    Objective: This study aims to test the efficacy of Be Smoke Free, a telephone-delivered GI treatment for smoking cessation.
    Methods: This multisite randomized clinical trial (RCT) will compare a novel telephone-delivered GI tobacco cessation treatment with a standard evidence-based behavioral treatment. The study will be conducted over 5 years. In phase 1, we refined protocols and procedures for the New York State and West Virginia sites for use in the RCT. During phase 2, we will conduct an RCT with 1200 participants: 600 (50%) recruited via quitlines and 600 (50%) recruited via population-based methods. Participants will be randomly assigned to either the GI condition or the behavioral condition; both treatments will be delivered by trained study coaches located at the University of Arizona. Assessments will be conducted at baseline and 3 and 6 months after enrollment by University of Arizona research staff. The primary outcome will be self-reported 30-day point prevalence abstinence 6 months after enrollment. Secondary outcomes include biochemically verified 7-day point prevalence abstinence 6 months after enrollment.
    Results: Recruitment in West Virginia and New York began in October 2022. As of March 31, 2023, a total of 242 participants had been enrolled. Follow-up assessments began in November 2022. As of March 31, 2023, of the 118 eligible participants, 97 (82.2%) had completed the 3-month assessment, and 93% (26/28) of eligible participants had completed the 6-month assessment. Biochemical verification and qualitative interviews began in April 2023. Recruitment will continue through 2025 and follow-up assessments through 2026. Primary results are expected to be published in 2027.
    Conclusions: The Be Smoke Free study is a first-of-its-kind RCT that incorporates GI into telephone-based tobacco cessation treatment. If successful, Be Smoke Free will have substantial benefits for the long-term health of people who use tobacco across the United States.
    Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05277831; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT05277831.
    International registered report identifier (irrid): PRR1-10.2196/48898.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-06-23
    Publishing country Canada
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2719222-2
    ISSN 1929-0748
    ISSN 1929-0748
    DOI 10.2196/48898
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Future Thinking Priming Especially Effective at Modifying Delay Discounting Rates among Cigarette Smokers.

    Shevorykin, Alina / Bickel, Warren K / Carl, Ellen / Sheffer, Christine E

    International journal of environmental research and public health

    2021  Volume 18, Issue 16

    Abstract: Background: Tobacco use remains one of the world's greatest preventable causes of death and disease. While most smokers want to quit, few are successful, highlighting a need for novel therapeutic approaches to support cessation efforts. Lower delay ... ...

    Abstract Background: Tobacco use remains one of the world's greatest preventable causes of death and disease. While most smokers want to quit, few are successful, highlighting a need for novel therapeutic approaches to support cessation efforts. Lower delay discounting (DD) rates are associated with increased smoking cessation success. Future thinking priming (FTP) reliably reduces DD rates in large populations. Smokers consistently discount more than nonsmokers, and evidence suggests that changes in DD rates are rate dependent. This study examined whether smoking status moderated the effect of FTP on DD rates and, if so, if the moderation effect could be attributed to differences in baseline rates of DD.
    Methods: Moderation analysis was conducted to determine whether the effect of FTP, versus neutral priming (NP), on DD differed among smokers and nonsmokers.
    Results: Smoking status moderated the effect of condition (FTP vs. NP) on post-intervention DD scores (b = -0.2919,
    Conclusions: FTP had a greater effect on decreasing DD rates among smokers than nonsmokers. FTP is effective and simple to administer, which makes it a promising therapeutic approach for aiding smoking cessation.
    MeSH term(s) Delay Discounting ; Humans ; Smokers ; Smoking ; Smoking Cessation ; Tobacco Products
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-08-18
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ZDB-ID 2175195-X
    ISSN 1660-4601 ; 1661-7827
    ISSN (online) 1660-4601
    ISSN 1661-7827
    DOI 10.3390/ijerph18168717
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Tobacco treatment specialists' knowledge, attitudes and beliefs about lung cancer screening: Potential piece of the puzzle for increasing lung cancer screening awareness.

    Carter-Bawa, Lisa / Kotsen, Chris / Schofield, Elizabeth / Fathi, Joelle / Frederico, Victoria / Walsh, Leah E / Sheffer, Christine / Ostroff, Jamie S

    Patient education and counseling

    2023  Volume 115, Page(s) 107871

    Abstract: Objectives: Less than 5% of eligible U.S. individuals undergo lung cancer screening (LCS). A significant barrier is lack of awareness; more effective outreach and education strategies are needed to achieve greater population LCS uptake. Tobacco ... ...

    Abstract Objectives: Less than 5% of eligible U.S. individuals undergo lung cancer screening (LCS). A significant barrier is lack of awareness; more effective outreach and education strategies are needed to achieve greater population LCS uptake. Tobacco Treatment Specialists (TTSs) are an untapped resource to assist and understanding TTS knowledge and perspectives about LCS and readiness and capacity to assist is a critical first step.
    Methods: A sequential explanatory mixed-methods study design was conducted to understand LCS knowledge, attitudes, beliefs, and practices of TTSs. A cross-sectional survey (N = 147) was conducted supplemented with 3 focus groups (N = 12).
    Results: TTSs lacked good working knowledge about LCS in general and screening guidelines, but think it is important for their patient population and open to routinely assessing and adding this educational component into their current workflow.
    Conclusions: Tobacco treatment offers a unique venue for LCS awareness and is a setting where there are experienced specialists trained in tobacco use assessment and treatment. Results highlight the unmet training needs required to facilitate integration of tobacco treatment and LCS.
    Practice implications: TTSs are an expanding healthcare workforce. There is a strong need for current TTSs to receive additional training in the benefits of LCS.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Lung Neoplasms/diagnosis ; Early Detection of Cancer/methods ; Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Focus Groups
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-06-29
    Publishing country Ireland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 605590-4
    ISSN 1873-5134 ; 0738-3991
    ISSN (online) 1873-5134
    ISSN 0738-3991
    DOI 10.1016/j.pec.2023.107871
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: Stigmatizing attitudes about lung cancer among individuals who smoke cigarettes.

    Diaz, Destiny / Quisenberry, Amanda J / Fix, Brian V / Sheffer, Christine E / O'Connor, Richard J

    Tobacco induced diseases

    2022  Volume 20, Page(s) 38

    Abstract: Introduction: Many individuals with lung cancer report experiencing stigma associated with their diagnosis. The objective of this study was to explore how different factors, including smoking status, lung cancer concern, and thoughts on smoking ... ...

    Abstract Introduction: Many individuals with lung cancer report experiencing stigma associated with their diagnosis. The objective of this study was to explore how different factors, including smoking status, lung cancer concern, and thoughts on smoking behaviors, were associated with increased stigmatizing attitudes towards people with lung cancer.
    Methods: In 2015, a Web-based survey was completed by people who currently smoked. Participants (n=1419) aged 18-65 years were randomly assigned to one of three scenarios in which the character who was diagnosed with lung cancer currently, formerly, or never smoked cigarettes. Two aspects of stigma were assessed: blaming the victim and negative attributions about people with lung cancer.
    Results: For blaming the victim and negative attributions, lung cancer stigma differed by scenario (described smoking status, p<0.0001), when adjusting for race, sex, education level, age, income, nicotine dependence, quit intentions, and quit attempts. Higher levels of lung cancer concern were associated with greater blaming the victim (p=0.001), when adjusting for scenario and other significant correlates.
    Conclusions: The findings suggest that stigmatizing attitudes from people who smoke towards people with lung cancer may be reflective of how they feel about their own smoking habits. We suggest that specific messaging guidelines that avoid an over emphasis on an individual's smoking status, cessation interventions that address stigma, and screening messages tailored to smoking status, may help to lessen the burden of lung cancer stigma.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-04-14
    Publishing country Greece
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2194616-4
    ISSN 1617-9625 ; 1617-9625
    ISSN (online) 1617-9625
    ISSN 1617-9625
    DOI 10.18332/tid/146907
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article ; Online: Attitudes about Cigarette Smoking, Perceived Consequences of Smoking, and Seeking Assistance with Cessation among Black and White Cigarette Smokers: A Qualitative Study.

    Shevorykin, Alina / Ruglass, Lesia M / Freitas-Lemos, Roberta / Bauer, Alexandria G / Baez, Shannyl / Sheffer, Christine E

    Journal of smoking cessation

    2023  Volume 2023, Page(s) 9298027

    Abstract: Introduction: Research has identified significant racial differences in cigarette smoking behavior, associated disease risk, likelihood of cessation, and mortality from smoking-related diseases. The current study assessed, via qualitative narrative ... ...

    Abstract Introduction: Research has identified significant racial differences in cigarette smoking behavior, associated disease risk, likelihood of cessation, and mortality from smoking-related diseases. The current study assessed, via qualitative narrative analysis, racial differences in participants' motivations for smoking, perceived consequences of smoking, and how participants deal with cravings/withdrawal, as well as thoughts and feelings about quitting, seeking assistance with quitting, and the importance of social support in quitting.
    Methods: Semistructured interviews were conducted with 11 Black and 11 White cigarette smokers. Data were analyzed using the Thematic Networks Analysis process, which entailed coding the data and constructing thematic networks by identifying basic and organizing themes.
    Results: While there were no descriptive racial differences identified in participants' motivation for smoking or perceived consequences of smoking, differences existed between Blacks and Whites in terms of approaches in dealing with smoking cravings and withdrawal, perceived self-efficacy in controlling cravings, preferred methods of learning about and receiving smoking cessation assistance, and overall preference for receiving cessation-related support.
    Conclusions: Further investigation is needed into racial differences in methods to deal with cigarette cravings and withdrawal, preferences for receiving cessation information, and social support for cessation. This research will further develop our understanding of and ability to address factors underlying racial disparities in smoking behavior and cessation, as well as inform the development of future smoking cessation interventions.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-05-20
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 1834-2612
    ISSN (online) 1834-2612
    DOI 10.1155/2023/9298027
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article ; Online: Future Thinking Priming Especially Effective at Modifying Delay Discounting Rates among Cigarette Smokers

    Alina Shevorykin / Warren K. Bickel / Ellen Carl / Christine E. Sheffer

    International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Vol 18, Iss 8717, p

    2021  Volume 8717

    Abstract: Background: Tobacco use remains one of the world’s greatest preventable causes of death and disease. While most smokers want to quit, few are successful, highlighting a need for novel therapeutic approaches to support cessation efforts. Lower delay ... ...

    Abstract Background: Tobacco use remains one of the world’s greatest preventable causes of death and disease. While most smokers want to quit, few are successful, highlighting a need for novel therapeutic approaches to support cessation efforts. Lower delay discounting (DD) rates are associated with increased smoking cessation success. Future thinking priming (FTP) reliably reduces DD rates in large populations. Smokers consistently discount more than nonsmokers, and evidence suggests that changes in DD rates are rate dependent. This study examined whether smoking status moderated the effect of FTP on DD rates and, if so, if the moderation effect could be attributed to differences in baseline rates of DD. Methods: Moderation analysis was conducted to determine whether the effect of FTP, versus neutral priming (NP), on DD differed among smokers and nonsmokers. Results: Smoking status moderated the effect of condition (FTP vs. NP) on post-intervention DD scores (b = −0.2919, p = 0.0124) and DD change scores (b = −0.2975, p = 0.0130). There was no evidence of rate dependence effects in the current sample. Conclusions: FTP had a greater effect on decreasing DD rates among smokers than nonsmokers. FTP is effective and simple to administer, which makes it a promising therapeutic approach for aiding smoking cessation.
    Keywords tobacco ; impulsivity ; priming ; addiction ; rate dependent ; delayed discounting ; Medicine ; R
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-08-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher MDPI AG
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  9. Article: Commentary: Educational and Clinical Training for Addressing Tobacco-Related Cancer Health Disparities.

    Sheffer, Christine E / Webb Hooper, Monica / Ostroff, Jamie S

    Ethnicity & disease

    2018  Volume 28, Issue 3, Page(s) 187–192

    Abstract: In the United States, tobacco use is a leading contributor to inequities in cancer health among individuals for many ethnic, racial, sexual minority, and other minority groups as well as individuals in lower socioeconomic groups and other underserved ... ...

    Abstract In the United States, tobacco use is a leading contributor to inequities in cancer health among individuals for many ethnic, racial, sexual minority, and other minority groups as well as individuals in lower socioeconomic groups and other underserved populations. Despite remarkable decreases in tobacco use prevalence rates in the United States over the past 50 years, the benefits of tobacco control efforts are not equitably distributed. Tobacco-related disparities include higher prevalence rates of smoking, lower rates of quitting, less robust responses to standard evidence-based treatments, substandard tobacco treatment delivery by health care providers, and an increased burden of tobacco-related cancers and other diseases. Among the multiple critical barriers to achieving progress in reducing tobacco treatment-related disparities, there are several educational barriers including a unidimensional or essentialist conceptualizations of the disparities; a tobacco treatment workforce unprepared to address the needs of tobacco users from underserved groups; and known research-to-practice gaps in understanding, assessing, and treating tobacco use among underserved groups. We propose the development of competency-based curricula that: 1) use intersectionality as an organizing framework for relevant knowledge; 2) teach interpersonal skills, such as expressing sociocultural respect, a lack of cultural superiority, and empathy as well as skills for developing other-oriented therapeutic relations; and 3) are grounded in the science of the evidence-based treatments for tobacco dependence. These curricula could be disseminated nationally in multiple venues and would represent significant progress toward addressing tobacco-related disparities.
    MeSH term(s) Cultural Competency ; Curriculum ; Education, Medical ; Health Status Disparities ; Healthcare Disparities ; Humans ; Neoplasms/ethnology ; Neoplasms/prevention & control ; Smoking Prevention/methods ; Tobacco Smoking/ethnology ; Tobacco Smoking/prevention & control ; United States ; Vulnerable Populations
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-07-12
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Editorial
    ZDB-ID 1274267-3
    ISSN 1945-0826 ; 1049-510X
    ISSN (online) 1945-0826
    ISSN 1049-510X
    DOI 10.18865/ed.28.3.187
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article ; Online: Perceived research burden of a novel therapeutic intervention: A study of transcranial magnetic stimulation for smoking cessation.

    Shevorykin, Alina / Carl, Ellen / Liskiewicz, Amylynn / Hanlon, Colleen A / Bickel, Warren K / Mahoney, Martin C / Vantucci, Darian / Bensch, Lindsey / Thorner, Hannah / Marion, Matthew / Sheffer, Christine E

    Frontiers in rehabilitation sciences

    2023  Volume 4, Page(s) 1054456

    Abstract: Background: Translating repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) into evidence-based clinical applications relies on research volunteers with different perspectives on the burden of study participation. Additionally, clinical applications of ... ...

    Abstract Background: Translating repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) into evidence-based clinical applications relies on research volunteers with different perspectives on the burden of study participation. Additionally, clinical applications of rTMS require multiple visits over weeks or months, the impact of research burden is an important component for these studies and translation of these findings to clinical practice. High frequency rTMS has significant potential to be developed as an evidence-based treatment for smoking cessation, however, the optimal rTMS dosing strategies have yet to be determined. Participant burden is an important component of determining optimal dosing strategy for rTMS as a treatment for long-term smoking cessation.
    Methods: In this double-blinded, sham-controlled, randomized design, the effects of treatment duration, intensity, and active/sham assignment of rTMS on research burden were examined.
    Results: Overall level of perceived research burden was low. Experienced burden (
    Conclusions: Overall research burden was relatively low. Contrary to our hypotheses, we found little evidence of added significant burden for increasing the duration or intensity of rTMS, and we found little evidence for differences in research burden by race or income.
    Clinical trial registration: identifier NCT03865472.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-03-03
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2673-6861
    ISSN (online) 2673-6861
    DOI 10.3389/fresc.2023.1054456
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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