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  1. Article ; Online: Emerging nanomaterials for cancer immunotherapy

    Sureshbabu Ram Kumar Pandian / Clayton Fernando Rencilin / Krishnan Sundar

    Exploration of Medicine, Vol 2, Iss 3, Pp 208-

    2021  Volume 231

    Abstract: Immunotherapy is a unique approach to treat cancer that targets tumours besides triggering the immune cells. It attempts to harness the supremacy and specificity of immune cells for the regression of malignancy. The key strategy of immunotherapy is that ... ...

    Abstract Immunotherapy is a unique approach to treat cancer that targets tumours besides triggering the immune cells. It attempts to harness the supremacy and specificity of immune cells for the regression of malignancy. The key strategy of immunotherapy is that it boosts the natural defence and manipulates the immune system at both cellular and molecular levels. Long-lasting anti-tumour response, reduced metastasis, and recurrence can be achieved with immunotherapy than conventional treatments. For example, targeting cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA4) by monoclonal antibody is reported as an effective strategy against cancer progression in vivo and chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) modified T-cells are known to express a stronger anti-tumour activity. CTLA4 and CAR are, therefore, beneficial in cancer immunotherapy; however, in clinical settings, both are expensive and cause adverse side effects. Nanomaterials have augmented advantages in cancer immunotherapy, besides their utility in effective delivery and diagnostics. In particular, materials based on lipids, polymers, and metals have been sought-after for delivery technologies. Moreover, the surface of nanomaterials can be engineered using ligands, antigens, and antibodies to target immune cells. In this sense, checkpoint inhibitors, cytokines, agonistic antibodies, surface receptors, and engineered T-cells are promising to regulate the immune system against tumours. Therefore, emerging nanomaterials that can be used for the treatment of cancer is the prime focus of this review. The correlation of mode of administration and biodistribution of various nanomaterials is reviewed here. Besides, the acute and chronic side effects and outcome of clinical trials in the context of cancer immunotherapy are discussed.
    Keywords nanomaterials ; cancer ; immunotherapy ; receptors ; antigen ; Other systems of medicine ; RZ201-999
    Subject code 616 ; 610
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-06-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Open Exploration Publishing Inc.
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  2. Article: Identification of SARS-CoV-2 CTL epitopes for development of a multivalent subunit vaccine for COVID-19

    Rencilin, Clayton Fernando / Rosy, Joseph Christina / Mohan, Manikandan / Coico, Richard / Sundar, Krishnan

    Infection, genetics, and evolution. 2021 Apr., v. 89

    2021  

    Abstract: An immunoinformatics-based approach was used to identify potential multivalent subunit CTL vaccine candidates for SARS-CoV-2. Criteria for computational screening included antigen processing, antigenicity, allergenicity, and toxicity. A total of 2604 ... ...

    Abstract An immunoinformatics-based approach was used to identify potential multivalent subunit CTL vaccine candidates for SARS-CoV-2. Criteria for computational screening included antigen processing, antigenicity, allergenicity, and toxicity. A total of 2604 epitopes were found to be strong binders to MHC class I molecules when analyzed using IEDB tools. Further testing for antigen processing yielded 826 peptides of which 451 were 9-mers that were analyzed for potential antigenicity. Antigenic properties were predicted for 102 of the 451 peptides. Further assessment for potential allergenicity and toxicity narrowed the number of candidate CTL epitopes to 50 peptide sequences, 45 of which were present in all strains of SARS-CoV-2 that were tested. The predicted CTL epitopes were then tested to eliminate those with MHC class II binding potential, a property that could induce hyperinflammatory responses mediated by TH2 cells in immunized hosts. Eighteen of the 50 epitopes did not show class II binding potential. To our knowledge this is the first comprehensive analysis on the proteome of SARS-CoV-2 for prediction of CTL epitopes lacking binding properties that could stimulate unwanted TH2 responses. Future studies will be needed to assess these epitopes as multivalent subunit vaccine candidates which stimulate protective CTL responses against SARS-COV-2.
    Keywords Coronavirus infections ; allergenicity ; binding properties ; cells ; epitopes ; evolution ; hosts ; infection ; knowledge ; major histocompatibility complex ; peptides ; prediction ; proteome ; screening ; strains ; subunit vaccines ; testing ; toxicity
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2021-04
    Publishing place Elsevier B.V.
    Document type Article
    Note NAL-light
    ZDB-ID 2037068-4
    ISSN 1567-1348
    ISSN 1567-1348
    DOI 10.1016/j.meegid.2021.104712
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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    Zs.A 5645: Show issues Location:
    Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand)
    bis Jg. 1994: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular
    Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (2.OG)
    ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)

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  3. Article ; Online: Identification of SARS-CoV-2 CTL epitopes for development of a multivalent subunit vaccine for COVID-19.

    Rencilin, Clayton Fernando / Rosy, Joseph Christina / Mohan, Manikandan / Coico, Richard / Sundar, Krishnan

    Infection, genetics and evolution : journal of molecular epidemiology and evolutionary genetics in infectious diseases

    2021  Volume 89, Page(s) 104712

    Abstract: An immunoinformatics-based approach was used to identify potential multivalent subunit CTL vaccine candidates for SARS-CoV-2. Criteria for computational screening included antigen processing, antigenicity, allergenicity, and toxicity. A total of 2604 ... ...

    Abstract An immunoinformatics-based approach was used to identify potential multivalent subunit CTL vaccine candidates for SARS-CoV-2. Criteria for computational screening included antigen processing, antigenicity, allergenicity, and toxicity. A total of 2604 epitopes were found to be strong binders to MHC class I molecules when analyzed using IEDB tools. Further testing for antigen processing yielded 826 peptides of which 451 were 9-mers that were analyzed for potential antigenicity. Antigenic properties were predicted for 102 of the 451 peptides. Further assessment for potential allergenicity and toxicity narrowed the number of candidate CTL epitopes to 50 peptide sequences, 45 of which were present in all strains of SARS-CoV-2 that were tested. The predicted CTL epitopes were then tested to eliminate those with MHC class II binding potential, a property that could induce hyperinflammatory responses mediated by T
    MeSH term(s) Amino Acid Sequence ; COVID-19/prevention & control ; COVID-19 Vaccines/immunology ; Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte/chemistry ; Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte/immunology ; Histocompatibility Antigens Class I/immunology ; Histocompatibility Antigens Class II/immunology ; Humans ; Immunogenicity, Vaccine/immunology ; Molecular Docking Simulation ; Proteomics/methods ; T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic/immunology ; Vaccines, Combined/immunology ; Vaccines, Subunit/immunology
    Chemical Substances COVID-19 Vaccines ; Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte ; Histocompatibility Antigens Class I ; Histocompatibility Antigens Class II ; Vaccines, Combined ; Vaccines, Subunit
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-01-07
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2037068-4
    ISSN 1567-7257 ; 1567-1348
    ISSN (online) 1567-7257
    ISSN 1567-1348
    DOI 10.1016/j.meegid.2021.104712
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Zs.A 5645: Show issues Location:
    Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand)
    bis Jg. 1994: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular
    Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (2.OG)
    ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)

    Order via subito

    This service is chargeable due to the Delivery terms set by subito. Orders including an article and supplementary material will be classified as separate orders. In these cases, fees will be demanded for each order.

  4. Article ; Online: High resolution cryo-EM structures of two potently SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing monoclonal antibodies of same donor origin that vary in neutralizing Omicron variants

    Rencilin, Clayton Fernando / Ansari, Mohammad Yousuf / Chatterjee, Arnab / Deshpande, Suprit / Mukherjee, Sohini / Singh, Randhir / Jayatheertha, Sowrabha / Reddy, Poorvi M. / Das, Payel / Hingankar, Nitin / Rathore, Deepak / Varadarajan, Raghavan / Bhattacharya, Jayanta / Dutta, Somnath

    bioRxiv

    Abstract: While vaccines have by large been found to effective against the evolving SARS-CoV-2 variants, the profound and rapid effectivity of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) in significantly reducing hospitalization to severe disease outcomes have also been ... ...

    Abstract While vaccines have by large been found to effective against the evolving SARS-CoV-2 variants, the profound and rapid effectivity of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) in significantly reducing hospitalization to severe disease outcomes have also been demonstrated. In the present study, by high resolution cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM), we examined the structural insights of two trimeric spike (S) protein bound mAbs isolated from an Indian convalescent individual infected with ancestral SARS-CoV-2 which we recently reported to potently neutralize SARS-CoV-2 from its ancestral form through highly virulent Delta form however different in their ability to neutralize Omicron variants. Our findings showed binding and conformational heterogeneities of both the mAbs (THSC20.HVTR04 and THSC20.HVTR26) bound to S trimer in its apo and hACE-2 bound forms. Additionally, cryo-EM resolved structure assisted modeling highlighted key residues associated with the ability of these two mAbs to neutralize Omicron variants. Our findings highlighted key interacting features modulating antigen-antibody interacting that can further aid in structure guided antibody engineering to enhance their breadth and potency.
    Keywords covid19
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-12-05
    Publisher Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory
    Document type Article ; Online
    DOI 10.1101/2022.12.03.518949
    Database COVID19

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