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Article ; Online: Correction: Kennedy Epitope (KE)-dependent Retrograde Transport of Efficiently Cleaved HIV-1 Envelopes (Envs) and its Effect on Env Cell Surface Expression and Viral Particle Formation.

Das, Supratik / Parray, Hilal Ahmad / Chiranjivi, Adarsh Kumar / Kumar, Prince / Goswami, Abhishek / Bansal, Manish / Rathore, Deepak Kumar / Kumar, Rajesh / Samal, Sweety

The protein journal

2024 Volume 43, Issue 2, Page(s) 387–392

Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-26
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Published Erratum
ZDB-ID	2143071-8
ISSN	1875-8355 ; 1572-3887
ISSN (online)	1875-8355
ISSN	1572-3887
DOI	10.1007/s10930-023-10172-y
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Article ; Online: Chikungunya and arthritis: An overview.

Kumar, Rajesh / Ahmed, Shubbir / Parray, Hilal Ahmad / Das, Supratik

Travel medicine and infectious disease

2021 Volume 44, Page(s) 102168

Abstract: Chikungunya is caused by CHIKV (chikungunya virus), an emerging and re-emerging arthropod-vectored viral infection that causes a febrile disease with primarily long term sequelae of arthralgia and myalgia and is fatal in a small fraction of infected ... ...

Abstract	Chikungunya is caused by CHIKV (chikungunya virus), an emerging and re-emerging arthropod-vectored viral infection that causes a febrile disease with primarily long term sequelae of arthralgia and myalgia and is fatal in a small fraction of infected patients. Sporadic outbreaks have been reported from different parts of the world chiefly Africa, Asia, the Indian and Pacific ocean regions, Europe and lately even in the Americas. Currently, treatment is primarily symptomatic as no vaccine, antibody-mediated immunotherapy or antivirals are available. Chikungunya belongs to a family of arthritogenic alphaviruses which have many pathophysiological similarities. Chikungunya arthritis has similarities and differences with rheumatoid arthritis. Although research into arthritis caused by these alphaviruses have been ongoing for decades and significant progress has been made, the mechanisms underlying viral infection and arthritis are not well understood. In this review, we give a background to chikungunya and the causative virus, outline the history of alphavirus arthritis research and then give an overview of findings on arthritis caused by CHIKV. We also discuss treatment options and the research done so far on various therapeutic intervention strategies.
MeSH term(s)	Antiviral Agents/therapeutic use ; Arthralgia ; Arthritis/epidemiology ; Arthritis/etiology ; Chikungunya Fever/complications ; Chikungunya Fever/epidemiology ; Chikungunya Fever/therapy ; Chikungunya virus ; Humans
Chemical Substances	Antiviral Agents
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-09-23
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2170891-5
ISSN	1873-0442 ; 1477-8939
ISSN (online)	1873-0442
ISSN	1477-8939
DOI	10.1016/j.tmaid.2021.102168
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Article ; Online: Kennedy Epitope (KE)-dependent Retrograde Transport of Efficiently Cleaved HIV-1 Envelopes (Envs) and its Effect on Env Cell Surface Expression and Viral Particle Formation.

Das, Supratik / Parray, Hilal Ahmad / Chiranjivi, Adarsh Kumar / Kumar, Prince / Goswami, Abhishek / Bansal, Manish / Rathore, Deepak Kumar / Kumar, Rajesh / Samal, Sweety

The protein journal

2023 Volume 43, Issue 2, Page(s) 375–386

Abstract: Efficiently cleaved HIV-1 Envs are the closest mimics of functional Envs as they specifically expose only bNAb (broadly neutralizing antibody) epitopes and not non-neutralizing ones, making them suitable for developing vaccine immunogens. We have ... ...

Abstract	Efficiently cleaved HIV-1 Envs are the closest mimics of functional Envs as they specifically expose only bNAb (broadly neutralizing antibody) epitopes and not non-neutralizing ones, making them suitable for developing vaccine immunogens. We have previously identified several efficiently cleaved Envs from clades A, B, C and B/C. We also described that truncation of the CT (C-terminal tail) of a subset of these Envs, but not others, impairs their ectodomain conformation/antigenicity on the cell surface in a CT conserved hydrophilic domain (CHD) or Kennedy epitope (KE)-dependent manner. Here, we report that those Envs (4 - 2.J41 and JRCSF), whose native-like ectodomain conformation/antigenicity on the cell surface is disrupted upon CT truncation, but not other Envs like JRFL, whose CT truncation does not have an effect on ectodomain integrity on the cell surface, are also defective in retrograde transport from early to late endosomes. Restoration of the CHD/KE in the CT of these Envs restores wild-type levels of distribution between early and late endosomes. In the presence of retrograde transport inhibitor Retro 2, cell surface expression of 4 - 2.J41 and JRCSF Envs increases [as does in the presence of Rab7a DN and Rab7b DN (DN: dominant negative)] but particle formation decreases for 4 - 2.J41 and JRCSF Env pseudotyped viruses. Our results show for the first time a correlation between CT-dependent, CHD/KE regulated retrograde transport and cell surface expression/viral particle formation of these efficiently cleaved Envs. Based on our results we hypothesize that a subset of these efficiently cleaved Envs use a CT-dependent, CHD/KE-mediated mechanism for assembly and release from late endosomes.
MeSH term(s)	HIV-1/metabolism ; Humans ; Epitopes/metabolism ; Epitopes/chemistry ; env Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus/metabolism ; env Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus/chemistry ; env Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus/genetics ; HEK293 Cells ; Virion/metabolism ; Virion/genetics ; Virion/chemistry ; Endosomes/metabolism ; Protein Transport ; Cell Membrane/metabolism
Chemical Substances	Epitopes ; env Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-10-04
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2143071-8
ISSN	1875-8355 ; 1572-3887
ISSN (online)	1875-8355
ISSN	1572-3887
DOI	10.1007/s10930-023-10161-1
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Article ; Online: Combined inhibition of autophagy protein 5 and galectin-1 by thiodigalactoside reduces diet-induced obesity through induction of white fat browning.

Parray, Hilal Ahmad / Yun, Jong Won

IUBMB life

2017 Volume 69, Issue 7, Page(s) 510–521

Abstract: Our previous study demonstrated that thiodigalactoside (TDG) ameliorates obesity by targeted inhibition of galectin-1 (GAL1). Here, for the first time, we report the unexpected role of GAL1 and ATG5 inhibition by TDG in lipid metabolism. Core thermogenic ...

Abstract	Our previous study demonstrated that thiodigalactoside (TDG) ameliorates obesity by targeted inhibition of galectin-1 (GAL1). Here, for the first time, we report the unexpected role of GAL1 and ATG5 inhibition by TDG in lipid metabolism. Core thermogenic marker proteins and genes were highly induced in white adipose tissue (WAT) of rats fed a high fat diet (HFD) and TDG, resulting in the significant development of brown fat-like adipocytes in inguinal WAT. TDG treatment reduced weight gain and fat mass as well as activated brown adipose tissue (BAT) in HFD-fed rats. TDG also reduced protein levels of LC3-II and increased protein levels of P62, suggesting its possible role in suppression of autophagy. Combined inhibition of GAL1 and ATG5 by TDG treatment protected rats against both HFD-induced adipogenesis as well as lipogenesis, as evidenced by suppression of CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein alpha, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma and fatty acid synthase. In conclusion, the present findings suggest that TDG plays a role in browning and lipid catabolism by combined inhibition of GAL1 and ATG5 and thus may have potential therapeutic implications in the regulation of energy homeostasis via its action in WAT. © 2017 IUBMB Life, 69(7):510-521, 2017.
Language	English
Publishing date	2017-07
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1492141-8
ISSN	1521-6551 ; 1521-6543
ISSN (online)	1521-6551
ISSN	1521-6543
DOI	10.1002/iub.1634
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Article ; Online: Cannabidiol promotes browning in 3T3-L1 adipocytes.

Parray, Hilal Ahmad / Yun, Jong Won

Molecular and cellular biochemistry

2016 Volume 416, Issue 1-2, Page(s) 131–139

Abstract: Recruitment of the brown-like phenotype in white adipocytes (browning) and activation of existing brown adipocytes are currently being investigated as a means to combat obesity. Thus, a wide variety of dietary agents that contribute to browning of white ... ...

Abstract	Recruitment of the brown-like phenotype in white adipocytes (browning) and activation of existing brown adipocytes are currently being investigated as a means to combat obesity. Thus, a wide variety of dietary agents that contribute to browning of white adipocytes have been identified. The present study was designed to investigate the effects of cannabidiol (CBD), a major nonpsychotropic phytocannabinoid of Cannabis sativa, on induction of browning in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. CBD enhanced expression of a core set of brown fat-specific marker genes (Ucp1, Cited1, Tmem26, Prdm16, Cidea, Tbx1, Fgf21, and Pgc-1α) and proteins (UCP1, PRDM16, and PGC-1α). Increased expression of UCP1 and other brown fat-specific markers contributed to the browning of 3T3-L1 adipocytes possibly via activation of PPARγ and PI3K. In addition, CBD increased protein expression levels of CPT1, ACSL, SIRT1, and PLIN while down-regulating JNK2, SREBP1, and LPL. These data suggest possible roles for CBD in browning of white adipocytes, augmentation of lipolysis, thermogenesis, and reduction of lipogenesis. In conclusion, the current data suggest that CBD plays dual modulatory roles in the form of inducing the brown-like phenotype as well as promoting lipid metabolism. Thus, CBD may be explored as a potentially promising therapeutic agent for the prevention of obesity.
MeSH term(s)	3T3-L1 Cells ; Adipocytes/cytology ; Adipocytes/metabolism ; Animals ; Antigens, Differentiation/biosynthesis ; Cannabidiol/pharmacology ; Gene Expression Regulation/drug effects ; Lipogenesis/drug effects ; Lipolysis/drug effects ; Mice ; Thermogenesis/drug effects
Chemical Substances	Antigens, Differentiation ; Cannabidiol (19GBJ60SN5)
Language	English
Publishing date	2016-05
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	184833-1
ISSN	1573-4919 ; 0300-8177
ISSN (online)	1573-4919
ISSN	0300-8177
DOI	10.1007/s11010-016-2702-5
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Article ; Online: Biophysical and Biochemical Characterization of the Receptor Binding Domain of SARS-CoV-2 Variants.

Khatri, Ritika / Parray, Hilal Ahmad / Siddiqui, Gazala / Chiranjivi, Adarsh Kumar / Raj, Sneha / Kaul, Rachel / Maithil, Vikas / Samal, Sweety / Ahmed, Shubbir

The protein journal

2022 Volume 41, Issue 4-5, Page(s) 457–467

Abstract: The newly emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants are potential threat and posing new challenges for medical intervention due to high transmissibility and escaping neutralizing antibody (NAb) responses. Many of these variants have mutations in the receptor binding ... ...

Abstract	The newly emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants are potential threat and posing new challenges for medical intervention due to high transmissibility and escaping neutralizing antibody (NAb) responses. Many of these variants have mutations in the receptor binding domain (RBD) of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein that interacts with the host cell receptor. Rapid mutation in the RBD through natural selection to improve affinity for host receptor and antibody pressure from vaccinated or infected individual will greatly impact the presently adopted strategies for developing interventions. Understanding the nature of mutations and how they impact the biophysical, biochemical and immunological properties of the RBD will help immensely to improve the intervention strategies. To understand the impact of mutation on the protease sensitivity, thermal stability, affinity for the receptor and immune response, we prepared several mutants of soluble RBD that belong to the variants of concern (VoCs) and interest (VoIs) and characterize them. Our results show that the mutations do not impact the overall structure of the RBD. However, the mutants showed increase in the thermal melting point, few mutants were more sensitive to protease degradation, most of them have enhanced affinity for ACE2 and some of them induced better immune response compared to the parental RBD.
MeSH term(s)	COVID-19/genetics ; Humans ; Mutation ; Peptide Hydrolases ; Protein Binding ; SARS-CoV-2/genetics ; Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus
Chemical Substances	Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus ; spike protein, SARS-CoV-2 ; Peptide Hydrolases (EC 3.4.-)
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-09-01
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2143071-8
ISSN	1875-8355 ; 1572-3887
ISSN (online)	1875-8355
ISSN	1572-3887
DOI	10.1007/s10930-022-10073-6
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Article ; Online: Nobiletin induces brown adipocyte-like phenotype and ameliorates stress in 3T3-L1 adipocytes.

Lone, Jameel / Parray, Hilal Ahmad / Yun, Jong Won

Biochimie

2018 Volume 146, Page(s) 97–104

Abstract: Browning of white adipocytes (beiging) is an attractive therapeutic strategy against obesity and its associated metabolic complications. Nobiletin (NOB) is a polymethoxylated flavone present in citrus fruits and has been reported to have anti-obesity ... ...

Abstract	Browning of white adipocytes (beiging) is an attractive therapeutic strategy against obesity and its associated metabolic complications. Nobiletin (NOB) is a polymethoxylated flavone present in citrus fruits and has been reported to have anti-obesity effects. Here, we report that nobiletin exerts dual modulatory effects on adipocytes via induction of browning in 3T3-L1 white adipocytes and amelioration of stress in adipocytes. Nobiletin-induced beiging was investigated by determining expression levels of beige-specific genes and proteins by RT-PCR and immunoblot analysis, respectively. Nobiletin treatment rapidly elevated the expression levels of beige-specific genes such as Cd137, Cidea, Tbx1, and Tmem26. Further, nobiletin enhanced expression of the key transcription factors C/EBPβ, PPARδ, and PPARα, which are responsible for remodeling of white adipocytes. Nobiletin also strikingly activated HIB1B brown adipocytes and induced mitochondrial biogenesis in 3T3-L1 white adipocytes. In addition, nobiletin altered the expression of several lipid metabolism-related proteins such as ACOX1, CPT1, FAS, p-PLIN, SREBP and SIRT1. Moreover, nobiletin ameliorated stress in adipocytes by inhibiting expression levels of key stress molecules such as JNK and c-JUN. Nobiletin-induced browning could be mediated by tight regulation of kinases, as nobiletin induced PKA and p-AMPK at the protein expression level, and inhibition of PKA and p-AMPK by H-89 and dorsomorphin, respectively, abolished expression of the thermogenic markers PGC-1α and UCP1. Taken together, our findings suggest that nobiletin plays a modulatory role in adipocytes via induction of browning in 3T3-L1 white adipocytes and activation of HIB1B brown adipocytes combined with amelioration of stress in adipocytes, thereby exhibiting therapeutic potential against obesity.
MeSH term(s)	3T3-L1 Cells ; AMP-Activated Protein Kinases/metabolism ; Adipocytes, Brown/drug effects ; Adipocytes, Brown/metabolism ; Animals ; Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases/metabolism ; Flavones/pharmacology ; Mice ; Oxidative Stress/drug effects ; Phenotype ; Phosphoproteins/metabolism
Chemical Substances	Flavones ; Phosphoproteins ; nobiletin (D65ILJ7WLY) ; Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases (EC 2.7.11.11) ; AMP-Activated Protein Kinases (EC 2.7.11.31)
Language	English
Publishing date	2018-03
Publishing country	France
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	120345-9
ISSN	1638-6183 ; 0300-9084
ISSN (online)	1638-6183
ISSN	0300-9084
DOI	10.1016/j.biochi.2017.11.021
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Article ; Online: Proteomic Identification of Target Proteins of Thiodigalactoside in White Adipose Tissue from Diet-Induced Obese Rats.

Parray, Hilal Ahmad / Yun, Jong Won

International journal of molecular sciences

2015 Volume 16, Issue 7, Page(s) 14441–14463

Abstract: Previously, galectin-1 (GAL1) was found to be up-regulated in obesity-prone subjects, suggesting that use of a GAL1 inhibitor could be a novel therapeutic approach for treatment of obesity. We evaluated thiodigalactoside (TDG) as a potent inhibitor of ... ...

Abstract	Previously, galectin-1 (GAL1) was found to be up-regulated in obesity-prone subjects, suggesting that use of a GAL1 inhibitor could be a novel therapeutic approach for treatment of obesity. We evaluated thiodigalactoside (TDG) as a potent inhibitor of GAL1 and identified target proteins of TDG by performing comparative proteome analysis of white adipose tissue (WAT) from control and TDG-treated rats fed a high fat diet (HFD) using two dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE) combined with MALDI-TOF-MS. Thirty-two spots from a total of 356 matched spots showed differential expression between control and TDG-treated rats, as identified by peptide mass fingerprinting. These proteins were categorized into groups such as carbohydrate metabolism, tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, signal transduction, cytoskeletal, and mitochondrial proteins based on functional analysis using Protein Annotation Through Evolutionary Relationship (PANTHER) and Database for Annotation, Visualization, Integrated Discovery (DAVID) classification. One of the most striking findings of this study was significant changes in Carbonic anhydrase 3 (CA3), Voltage-dependent anion channel 1 (VDAC1), phosphatidylethanolamine-binding protein 1 (PEBP1), annexin A2 (ANXA2) and lactate dehydrogenase A chain (LDHA) protein levels between WAT from control and TDG-treated groups. In addition, we confirmed increased expression of thermogenic proteins as well as reduced expression of lipogenic proteins in response to TDG treatment. These results suggest that TDG may effectively prevent obesity, and TDG-responsive proteins can be used as novel target proteins for obesity treatment.
MeSH term(s)	Adipose Tissue, White/drug effects ; Adipose Tissue, White/metabolism ; Animals ; Annexin A2/genetics ; Annexin A2/metabolism ; Carbonic Anhydrases/genetics ; Carbonic Anhydrases/metabolism ; Diet, High-Fat/adverse effects ; Galectin 1/antagonists & inhibitors ; Galectin 1/metabolism ; Isoenzymes/genetics ; Isoenzymes/metabolism ; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase/genetics ; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase/metabolism ; Obesity/etiology ; Obesity/genetics ; Obesity/metabolism ; Phosphatidylethanolamine Binding Protein/genetics ; Phosphatidylethanolamine Binding Protein/metabolism ; Proteome/drug effects ; Proteome/genetics ; Proteome/metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Thiogalactosides/pharmacology ; Voltage-Dependent Anion Channel 1/genetics ; Voltage-Dependent Anion Channel 1/metabolism
Chemical Substances	Annexin A2 ; Galectin 1 ; Isoenzymes ; PEBP1 protein, rat ; Phosphatidylethanolamine Binding Protein ; Proteome ; Thiogalactosides ; Vdac1 protein, rat ; thiodigalactoside (80441-61-8) ; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.27) ; lactate dehydrogenase 5 (EC 1.1.1.27.-) ; Voltage-Dependent Anion Channel 1 (EC 1.6.-) ; Carbonic Anhydrases (EC 4.2.1.1)
Language	English
Publishing date	2015-06-25
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2019364-6
ISSN	1422-0067 ; 1422-0067 ; 1661-6596
ISSN (online)	1422-0067
ISSN	1422-0067 ; 1661-6596
DOI	10.3390/ijms160714441
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Article: Efficiently cleaved HIV-1 envelopes: can they be important for vaccine immunogen development?

Das, Supratik / Kumar, Rajesh / Ahmed, Shubbir / Parray, Hilal Ahmad / Samal, Sweety

Therapeutic advances in vaccines and immunotherapy

2020 Volume 8, Page(s) 2515135520957763

Abstract: The enormous diversity of HIV-1 is a significant impediment in selecting envelopes (Envs) that can be suitable for designing vaccine immunogens. While tremendous progress has been made in developing soluble, trimeric, native-like Env proteins, those that ...

Abstract	The enormous diversity of HIV-1 is a significant impediment in selecting envelopes (Envs) that can be suitable for designing vaccine immunogens. While tremendous progress has been made in developing soluble, trimeric, native-like Env proteins, those that have elicited neutralizing antibodies (Abs) in animal models are relatively few. A strategy of selecting naturally occurring Envs suitable for immunogen design by studying the correlation between efficient cleavage on the cell surface and their selective binding to broadly neutralizing Abs (bNAbs) and not to non-neutralizing Abs (non-NAbs), properties essential in immunogens, may be useful. Here we discuss some of the challenges of developing an efficacious HIV-1 vaccine and the work done in generating soluble immunogens. We also discuss the study of naturally occurring, membrane-bound, efficiently cleaved (naturally more sensitive to furin) Envs and how they may positively add to the repertoire of HIV-1 Envs that can be used for vaccine immunogen design. However, even with such Envs, the challenges of developing well-folded, native-like trimers as soluble proteins or using other immunogen strategies such as virus-like particles with desirable antigenic properties remain, and are formidable. In spite of the progress that has been made in the HIV-1 vaccine field, an immunogen that elicits neutralizing Abs with significant breadth and potency in vaccines has still not been developed. Efficiently cleaved Envs may increase the number of available Envs suitable for immunogen design and should be studied further.
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-10-08
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2970613-0
ISSN	2515-1363 ; 2515-1355
ISSN (online)	2515-1363
ISSN	2515-1355
DOI	10.1177/2515135520957763
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Article ; Online: Antibody-based therapeutic interventions: possible strategy to counter chikungunya viral infection.

Kumar, Rajesh / Shrivastava, Tripti / Samal, Sweety / Ahmed, Shubbir / Parray, Hilal Ahmad

Applied microbiology and biotechnology

2020 Volume 104, Issue 8, Page(s) 3209–3228

Abstract: Chikungunya virus (CHIKV), a mosquito-transmitted disease that belongs to the genus Alphaviruses, has been emerged as an epidemic threat over the last two decades, and the recent co-emergence of this virus along with other circulating arboviruses and ... ...

Abstract	Chikungunya virus (CHIKV), a mosquito-transmitted disease that belongs to the genus Alphaviruses, has been emerged as an epidemic threat over the last two decades, and the recent co-emergence of this virus along with other circulating arboviruses and comorbidities has influenced atypical mortality rate up to 10%. Genetic variation in the virus has resulted in its adaptability towards the new vector Aedes albopictus other than Aedes aegypti, which has widen the horizon of distribution towards non-tropical and non-endemic areas. As of now, no licensed vaccines or therapies are available against CHIKV; the treatment regimens for CHIKV are mostly symptomatic, based on the clinical manifestations. Development of small molecule drugs and neutralizing antibodies are potential alternatives of worth investigating until an efficient or safe vaccine is approved. Neutralizing antibodies play an important role in antiviral immunity, and their presence is a hallmark of viral infection. In this review, we describe prospects for effective vaccines and highlight importance of neutralizing antibody-based therapeutic and prophylactic applications to combat CHIKV infections. We further discuss about the progress made towards CHIKV therapeutic interventions as well as challenges and limitation associated with the vaccine development. Furthermore this review describes the lesson learned from chikungunya natural infection, which could help in better understanding for future development of antibody-based therapeutic measures.
MeSH term(s)	Aedes/virology ; Animals ; Antibodies, Neutralizing/therapeutic use ; Antiviral Agents/therapeutic use ; Chikungunya Fever/immunology ; Chikungunya Fever/prevention & control ; Chikungunya Fever/therapy ; Chikungunya virus/genetics ; Chikungunya virus/pathogenicity ; Clinical Trials as Topic ; Genetic Variation ; Humans ; Immunotherapy ; Mosquito Vectors/virology ; Viral Vaccines/administration & dosage ; Viral Vaccines/immunology
Chemical Substances	Antibodies, Neutralizing ; Antiviral Agents ; Viral Vaccines
Keywords	covid19
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-02-19
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	392453-1
ISSN	1432-0614 ; 0171-1741 ; 0175-7598
ISSN (online)	1432-0614
ISSN	0171-1741 ; 0175-7598
DOI	10.1007/s00253-020-10437-x
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