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Article: Trauma Registry Professionals' Perspectives on the Secondary Traumatic Stress Component of Compassion Fatigue: A Qualitative Study.

Truelove, Amanda L / Arcipowski, Erin / Herndon, Michele / McCormack, Jane / Steurer, Lisa M / Broeder, Jennifer Lee / Newcomb, Anna B

Journal of trauma nursing : the official journal of the Society of Trauma Nurses

2024 Volume 31, Issue 2, Page(s) 63–71

Abstract: Background: Secondary traumatic stress and compassion fatigue have been studied among trauma clinicians yet have not been explored in trauma registry professionals (TRPs).: Objective: The purpose of this study is to describe the secondary traumatic ... ...

Abstract	Background: Secondary traumatic stress and compassion fatigue have been studied among trauma clinicians yet have not been explored in trauma registry professionals (TRPs). Objective: The purpose of this study is to describe the secondary traumatic stress component of compassion fatigue among TRPs. Methods: A qualitative, phenomenological study was conducted to examine TRPs' experiences with the secondary traumatic stress component of compassion fatigue. The primary investigator assembled a multidisciplinary team of researchers, including nursing leadership, registry educators, mental health experts, and qualitative researchers. Two focus groups were held virtually in January 2021, using an interview guide designed by the research team. Participants were recruited via an email sent to a list of colleagues known to the research team from training classes held nationally and selected for their diverse clinical experiences, years in the role, demographic background, and trauma center representation. The recorded sessions were independently transcribed and analyzed by a five-member subgroup of the research team; the analysis concluded in December 2022. Results: Nine TRPs participated in the focus groups. Participants came from Level I, II, and III adult and pediatric trauma centers and military centers. Four themes emerged from the data: disquieting and rewarding work, reactions and emotional responses, the influence of personal histories and background, and coping strategies. Conclusion: A qualitative analysis of focus group discussions revealed the secondary traumatic stress component of compassion fatigue is present in the TRP.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Humans ; Child ; Compassion Fatigue/psychology ; Burnout, Professional/psychology ; Qualitative Research ; Coping Skills ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Empathy ; Job Satisfaction
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-03-14
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1281159-2
ISSN	1078-7496
ISSN	1078-7496
DOI	10.1097/JTN.0000000000000775
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Article: Predictors of Long-Term Social Compatibility in Rhesus Macaques (Macaca mulatta) Housed in Research Settings

Truelove, Melissa A. / Smith, Perrin O. / Martin, Allison L. / Bloomsmith, Mollie A.

Journal of applied animal welfare science. 2022 Oct. 02, v. 25, no. 4

2022

Abstract: ... 80) or for nonsocial reasons (e.g., research or health needs) (n = 1143). Using a logistic regression ...

Abstract	Social housing improves the well-being of monkeys in research settings; however, little is known about factors influencing the long‐term stability of established, full-contact pairs. Archival data were examined to determine whether sex, age, weight, duration pair housed, familiarity, social interruptions, room changes, or sedation events predicted eventual separation of pairs for social incompatibility (n = 80) or for nonsocial reasons (e.g., research or health needs) (n = 1143). Using a logistic regression model (Wald Χ ²(8) = 42.325, p < .001), three significant factors were identified. Pairs in which partners had known prior familiarity in group housing were less likely to experience social incompatibility (p = .034). Pairs housed together longer (p < .001) and who staff had temporarily separated through the placement of a cage divider to reduce physical contact were more likely to require permanent separation for social incompatibility (p < .001); additional analysis revealed that dividers were often placed for social reasons, suggesting early signs of social instability. Findings may be useful for primate caregivers when making decisions about managing social partners.
Keywords	Macaca mulatta ; animal welfare ; cages ; caregivers ; regression analysis ; sedation
Language	English
Dates of publication	2022-1002
Size	p. 418-426.
Publishing place	Taylor & Francis
Document type	Article
ISSN	1532-7604
DOI	10.1080/10888705.2021.1992768
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: Decision-making for pediatric cervical spine imaging after blunt trauma: Investigating team dynamics in the emergency department.

Gregory, Megan E / Truelove, Annie / Ahmad, Fahd / Corwin, Daniel / Tzimenatos, Leah / Oglesbee, Scott J / Herman, Martin J / Leonard, Julie C

Journal of the American College of Emergency Physicians open

2023 Volume 4, Issue 4, Page(s) e13024

Abstract: Objective: Cervical spine imaging decision-making for pediatric traumas is complex and multidisciplinary. Implementing a risk assessment tool has the potential to reduce variation in these decisions and unnecessary radiation exposure for pediatric ... ...

Abstract	Objective: Cervical spine imaging decision-making for pediatric traumas is complex and multidisciplinary. Implementing a risk assessment tool has the potential to reduce variation in these decisions and unnecessary radiation exposure for pediatric patients. We sought to determine how emergency department-trauma team dynamics may affect implementation of such a tool. Methods: We interviewed (pediatric and general emergency physicians, trauma surgeons, neurosurgeons, orthopedic surgeons and ED nurses at 21 hospitals to ascertain how team dynamics affect the pediatric cervical spine imaging decision-making process. Data were coded following a framework-driven deductive coding process and thematic analysis was used. Results: Forty-eight physicians, advanced practice providers, and nurses from 21 hospitals (inclusive of three US regions, trauma levels I-III, and serving towns/cities of various population sizes) were interviewed. Overall, emergency physicians and trauma surgeons indicate being generally responsible for pediatric cervical spine imaging decisions. Conflict often occurs between these specialties due to differential weighting of concerns for missing an injury versus avoiding radiation exposure. Participants described a lack of trust and unclear roles regarding ownership for the final imaging decision. Nurses commonly described low psychological safety that prohibits them from participating in the decision-making process. Conclusions: Implementation of a standardized risk assessment tool for cervical spine trauma imaging decisions must consider perspectives of both emergency medicine and trauma. Policies to define appropriate use of standardized tools within this team environment should be developed.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-08-16
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2688-1152
ISSN (online)	2688-1152
DOI	10.1002/emp2.13024
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Article ; Online: flepiMoP: The evolution of a flexible infectious disease modeling pipeline during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Lemaitre, Joseph C / Loo, Sara L / Kaminsky, Joshua / Lee, Elizabeth C / McKee, Clifton / Smith, Claire / Jung, Sung-Mok / Sato, Koji / Carcelen, Erica / Hill, Alison / Lessler, Justin / Truelove, Shaun

Epidemics

2024 Volume 47, Page(s) 100753

Abstract: The COVID-19 pandemic led to an unprecedented demand for projections of disease burden and healthcare utilization under scenarios ranging from unmitigated spread to strict social distancing policies. In response, members of the Johns Hopkins Infectious ... ...

Abstract	The COVID-19 pandemic led to an unprecedented demand for projections of disease burden and healthcare utilization under scenarios ranging from unmitigated spread to strict social distancing policies. In response, members of the Johns Hopkins Infectious Disease Dynamics Group developed flepiMoP (formerly called the COVID Scenario Modeling Pipeline), a comprehensive open-source software pipeline designed for creating and simulating compartmental models of infectious disease transmission and inferring parameters through these models. The framework has been used extensively to produce short-term forecasts and longer-term scenario projections of COVID-19 at the state and county level in the US, for COVID-19 in other countries at various geographic scales, and more recently for seasonal influenza. In this paper, we highlight how the flepiMoP has evolved throughout the COVID-19 pandemic to address changing epidemiological dynamics, new interventions, and shifts in policy-relevant model outputs. As the framework has reached a mature state, we provide a detailed overview of flepiMoP's key features and remaining limitations, thereby distributing flepiMoP and its documentation as a flexible and powerful tool for researchers and public health professionals to rapidly build and deploy large-scale complex infectious disease models for any pathogen and demographic setup.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-03-02
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2467993-8
ISSN	1878-0067 ; 1755-4365
ISSN (online)	1878-0067
ISSN	1755-4365
DOI	10.1016/j.epidem.2024.100753
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Article ; Online: Context-dependent representation of within- and between-model uncertainty: aggregating probabilistic predictions in infectious disease epidemiology.

Howerton, Emily / Runge, Michael C / Bogich, Tiffany L / Borchering, Rebecca K / Inamine, Hidetoshi / Lessler, Justin / Mullany, Luke C / Probert, William J M / Smith, Claire P / Truelove, Shaun / Viboud, Cécile / Shea, Katriona

Journal of the Royal Society, Interface

2023 Volume 20, Issue 198, Page(s) 20220659

Abstract: ... on assumptions about how the future will unfold (e.g. possible interventions), these assumptions may never ...

Abstract	Probabilistic predictions support public health planning and decision making, especially in infectious disease emergencies. Aggregating outputs from multiple models yields more robust predictions of outcomes and associated uncertainty. While the selection of an aggregation method can be guided by retrospective performance evaluations, this is not always possible. For example, if predictions are conditional on assumptions about how the future will unfold (e.g. possible interventions), these assumptions may never materialize, precluding any direct comparison between predictions and observations. Here, we summarize literature on aggregating probabilistic predictions, illustrate various methods for infectious disease predictions via simulation, and present a strategy for choosing an aggregation method when empirical validation cannot be used. We focus on the linear opinion pool (LOP) and Vincent average, common methods that make different assumptions about between-prediction uncertainty. We contend that assumptions of the aggregation method should align with a hypothesis about how uncertainty is expressed within and between predictions from different sources. The LOP assumes that between-prediction uncertainty is meaningful and should be retained, while the Vincent average assumes that between-prediction uncertainty is akin to sampling error and should not be preserved. We provide an R package for implementation. Given the rising importance of multi-model infectious disease hubs, our work provides useful guidance on aggregation and a deeper understanding of the benefits and risks of different approaches.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Uncertainty ; Retrospective Studies ; Communicable Diseases/epidemiology ; Computer Simulation ; Public Health
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-01-25
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S. ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
ZDB-ID	2156283-0
ISSN	1742-5662 ; 1742-5689
ISSN (online)	1742-5662
ISSN	1742-5689
DOI	10.1098/rsif.2022.0659
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Article ; Online: Two Methods of Social Separation for Paired Adolescent Male Rhesus Macaques (

Truelove, Melissa A / Martin, Allison L / Perlman, Jaine E / Bloomsmith, Mollie A

Journal of the American Association for Laboratory Animal Science : JAALAS

2017 Volume 56, Issue 6, Page(s) 729–734

Abstract: Literature-based recommendations regarding how to separate pairs of laboratory-housed NHP when required for research, veterinary, or management needs are unavailable. This study assessed 2 separation techniques-rapid and stepwise-to determine whether a ... ...

Abstract	Literature-based recommendations regarding how to separate pairs of laboratory-housed NHP when required for research, veterinary, or management needs are unavailable. This study assessed 2 separation techniques-rapid and stepwise-to determine whether a period of limited social access mitigates the behavioral stress response after complete separation. Researchers observed 12 pairs of mother-reared, adolescent male rhesus macaques before and after separation with a solid divider; 6 of the pairs experienced a transitional week of limited social access through a perforated panel. Observers collected 30-min focal animal scans during study phase, totaling 144 h of behavioral data. Target behaviors included those classified as protest, agitation, tension, and withdrawn or self-directed. Social separation resulted in a significant change in behavior. Separated monkeys displayed more withdrawn or self-directed behaviors (for example, huddling, self-directed stereotypies) than when pair-housed. Stepwise separation resulted in increased agitation behaviors in the limited contact phase and did not mitigate separation effects. Adverse behavioral changes during the limited contact phase support continuous pair housing until required individual housing.
MeSH term(s)	Animal Welfare ; Animals ; Anxiety ; Behavior, Animal ; Housing, Animal ; Macaca mulatta/physiology ; Male ; Social Behavior
Language	English
Publishing date	2017-12-19
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Comparative Study ; Journal Article
ISSN	2769-6677
ISSN (online)	2769-6677
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Article ; Online: An evaluation of the implementation of Safewards on an assessment and treatment unit for people with an intellectual disability.

Davies, Bronwen / Silver, Jade / Josham, Scarlett / Grist, Emma / Jones, Lewis / Francis, Nicky / Truelove, Cerys / Shindler, Matthew / Jones, Sian / Gwatkin, Alice

Journal of intellectual disabilities : JOID

2020 Volume 25, Issue 3, Page(s) 357–369

Abstract: This study evaluates the implementation of Safewards on an assessment and treatment unit (ATU) for people with an intellectual disability. There are no previous studies evaluating this model in this context and previous research has focused largely on ... ...

Abstract	This study evaluates the implementation of Safewards on an assessment and treatment unit (ATU) for people with an intellectual disability. There are no previous studies evaluating this model in this context and previous research has focused largely on acute mental health services. The 'Patient-Staff Conflict Shift Report' was used at baseline for 1 month and 1 year later, after all the interventions had been implemented, to evaluate the impact of Safewards. Significant reductions were found in conflict and containment measures used within the service after the implementation of Safewards. Staff who led on the interventions were also asked to give feedback on their experiences, the challenges they faced and how they would like to move forward. Safewards was generally seen as a positive approach by the team. Limitations of this study are highlighted and suggestions for future research are made.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Intellectual Disability/therapy ; Mental Health Services ; Psychiatric Department, Hospital
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-02-12
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2071898-6
ISSN	1744-6309 ; 1469-0047 ; 1744-6295
ISSN (online)	1744-6309
ISSN	1469-0047 ; 1744-6295
DOI	10.1177/1744629520901637
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Article ; Online: Using Billing Codes to Create a Pediatric Functional Status e-Score for Children Receiving Inpatient Rehabilitation.

Lundine, Jennifer P / Huling, Jared D / Adelson, P David / Burd, Randall S / Fuentes, Molly / Haarbauer-Krupa, Juliet / Hagen, Kaitlin / Iske, Cynthia / Koterba, Christine / Kurowski, Brad G / Petrucci, Stephanie / Rose, Sean C / Sadowsky, Cristina L / Westendorf, Jennifer / Truelove, Annie / Leonard, Julie C

Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation

2023 Volume 104, Issue 11, Page(s) 1882–1891

Abstract: Objective: Provide proof-of-concept for development of a Pediatric Functional Status eScore (PFSeS). Demonstrate that expert clinicians rank billing codes as relevant to patient functional status and identify the domains that codes inform in a way that ... ...

Abstract	Objective: Provide proof-of-concept for development of a Pediatric Functional Status eScore (PFSeS). Demonstrate that expert clinicians rank billing codes as relevant to patient functional status and identify the domains that codes inform in a way that reliably matches analytical modeling. Design: Retrospective chart review, modified Delphi, and nominal group techniques. Setting: Large, urban, quaternary care children's hospital in the Midwestern United States. Participants: Data from 1955 unique patients and 2029 hospital admissions (2000-2020); 12 expert consultants representing the continuum of rehabilitation care reviewed 2893 codes (procedural, diagnostic, pharmaceutical, durable medical equipment). Main outcome measures: Consensus voting to determine whether codes were associated with functional status at discharge and, if so, what domains they informed (self-care, mobility, cognition/ communication). Results: The top 250 and 500 codes identified by statistical modeling were mostly composed of codes selected by the consultant panel (78%-80% of the top 250 and 71%-78% of the top 500). The results provide evidence that clinical experts' selection of functionally meaningful codes corresponds with codes selected by statistical modeling as most strongly associated with WeeFIM domain scores. The top 5 codes most strongly related to functional independence ratings from a domain-specific assessment indicate clinically sensible relationships, further supporting the use of billing data in modeling to create a PFSeS. Conclusions: Development of a PFSeS that is predicated on billing data would improve researchers' ability to assess the functional status of children who receive inpatient rehabilitation care for a neurologic injury or illness. An expert clinician panel, representing the spectrum of medical and rehabilitative care, indicated that proposed statistical modeling identifies relevant codes mapped to 3 important domains: self-care, mobility, and cognition/communication.
MeSH term(s)	Child ; Humans ; Retrospective Studies ; Inpatients ; Functional Status ; Activities of Daily Living ; Self Care
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-04-17
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
ZDB-ID	80057-0
ISSN	1532-821X ; 0003-9993
ISSN (online)	1532-821X
ISSN	0003-9993
DOI	10.1016/j.apmr.2023.03.025
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Article ; Online: The US COVID-19 and Influenza Scenario Modeling Hubs: Delivering long-term projections to guide policy.

Epidemics

2023 Volume 46, Page(s) 100738

Abstract: Between December 2020 and April 2023, the COVID-19 Scenario Modeling Hub (SMH) generated operational multi-month projections of COVID-19 burden in the US to guide pandemic planning and decision-making in the context of high uncertainty. This effort was ... ...

Abstract	Between December 2020 and April 2023, the COVID-19 Scenario Modeling Hub (SMH) generated operational multi-month projections of COVID-19 burden in the US to guide pandemic planning and decision-making in the context of high uncertainty. This effort was born out of an attempt to coordinate, synthesize and effectively use the unprecedented amount of predictive modeling that emerged throughout the COVID-19 pandemic. Here we describe the history of this massive collective research effort, the process of convening and maintaining an open modeling hub active over multiple years, and attempt to provide a blueprint for future efforts. We detail the process of generating 17 rounds of scenarios and projections at different stages of the COVID-19 pandemic, and disseminating results to the public health community and lay public. We also highlight how SMH was expanded to generate influenza projections during the 2022-23 season. We identify key impacts of SMH results on public health and draw lessons to improve future collaborative modeling efforts, research on scenario projections, and the interface between models and policy.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; COVID-19/epidemiology ; Influenza, Human/epidemiology ; Pandemics ; Policy ; Public Health
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-12-29
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2467993-8
ISSN	1878-0067 ; 1755-4365
ISSN (online)	1878-0067
ISSN	1755-4365
DOI	10.1016/j.epidem.2023.100738
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Article ; Online: Differentiation of Individuals Previously Infected with and Vaccinated for SARS-CoV-2 in an Inner-City Emergency Department.

Journal of clinical microbiology

2022 Volume 60, Issue 3, Page(s) e0239021

Abstract: Emergency departments (EDs) can serve as surveillance sites for infectious diseases. The objective of this study was to determine the burden of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection and to monitor the prevalence of ... ...

Abstract	Emergency departments (EDs) can serve as surveillance sites for infectious diseases. The objective of this study was to determine the burden of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection and to monitor the prevalence of vaccination against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) among patients attending an urban ED in Baltimore City. Using 1,914 samples of known exposure status, we developed an algorithm to differentiate previously infected, vaccinated, and unexposed individuals using a combination of antibody assays. We applied this testing algorithm to 4,360 samples from ED patients obtained in the spring of 2020 and 2021. Using multinomial logistic regression, we determined factors associated with infection and vaccination. For the algorithm, sensitivity and specificity for identifying vaccinated individuals were 100% and 99%, respectively, and 84% and 100% for previously infected individuals. Among the ED subjects, seroprevalence to SARS-CoV-2 increased from 2% to 24% between April 2020 and March 2021. Vaccination prevalence rose to 11% by mid-March 2021. Marked differences in burden of disease and vaccination coverage were seen by sex, race, and ethnicity. Hispanic patients, though accounting for 7% of the study population, had the highest relative burden of disease (17% of total infections) but with similar vaccination rates. Women and white individuals were more likely to be vaccinated than men or Black individuals. Individuals previously infected with SARS-CoV-2 can often be differentiated from vaccinated individuals using a serologic testing algorithm. The utility of this algorithm can aid in monitoring SARS-CoV-2 exposure and vaccination uptake frequencies and can potentially reflect gender, race, and ethnic health disparities.
MeSH term(s)	COVID-19/epidemiology ; COVID-19/prevention & control ; Emergency Service, Hospital ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Seroepidemiologic Studies ; White People
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-01-19
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, N.I.H., Intramural
ZDB-ID	390499-4
ISSN	1098-660X ; 0095-1137
ISSN (online)	1098-660X
ISSN	0095-1137
DOI	10.1128/jcm.02390-21
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