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Article ; Online: If immunisation is too low, dropping temperatures in fall 2021 may lead to epidemic resurgence - as in 1918, 1957 and 2020.

Staub, Kaspar

2021 Volume 151, Issue 33-34

MeSH term(s)	Epidemics ; Humans ; Immunization ; Temperature ; Vaccination
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-08-18
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Comment
ZDB-ID	2036179-8
ISSN	1424-3997 ; 1424-7860
ISSN (online)	1424-3997
ISSN	1424-7860
DOI	10.4414/SMW.2021.w30014
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Article: An Unwanted but Long-Known Company: Post-Viral Symptoms in the Context of Past Pandemics in Switzerland (and Beyond).

Staub, Kaspar / Ballouz, Tala / Puhan, Milo

Public health reviews

2024 Volume 45, Page(s) 1606966

Abstract: Objectives: ...

Abstract	Objectives:
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-04-08
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	217531-9
ISSN	2107-6952 ; 0301-0422
ISSN (online)	2107-6952
ISSN	0301-0422
DOI	10.3389/phrs.2024.1606966
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Book: Evolution und Gesundheit

Eppenberger, Patrick Erik / Floris, Joël / Rayo, Enrique / Schünemann, Verena / Staub, Kaspar / Bender, Nicole / Habermann-Horstmeier, Lotte

wie beeinflussen Lebensweise und Ernährung die Medizin und unsere Gesundheit?

2022

Author's details	Nicole Bender, Lotte Habermann-Horstmeier (Hrsg.) ; unter Mitarbeit von Patrick Eppenberger, Joël Floris, Enrique Rayo, Verena Schünemann, Kaspar Staub
Keywords	Evolutionsmedizin ; Lebensstil ; Public Health
Subject	Öffentliche Gesundheit ; Bevölkerungsgesundheit ; Volksgesundheit ; Volkshygiene ; Life style ; Lifestyle ; Lebensführung ; Evolutionary medicine ; Darwinian medicine ; Evolutionäre Medizin ; Darwinsche Medizin
Language	German
Size	307 Seiten, Illustrationen, Diagramme, 15.5 cm x 22.5 cm
Edition	1. Auflage
Publisher	Hogrefe
Publishing place	Bern
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Book
HBZ-ID	HT021456249
ISBN	978-3-456-86110-4 ; 3-456-86110-9 ; 9783456761107 ; 9783456961101 ; 3456761104 ; 3456961103
Database	Catalogue ZB MED Medicine, Health

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2022 A 1074	available for loan (reading room)	Lesesaal EG

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Article: Trends of physical fitness related to weight status: An analysis including over 412,000 Swiss young male conscripts from 2007 to 2022.

Gubelmann, Cédric / Stanga, Zeno / Staub, Kaspar / Marques-Vidal, Pedro

Preventive medicine reports

2024 Volume 38, Page(s) 102591

Abstract: Objective: The high prevalence of obesity among young adults in the civilian population pose challenges in recruiting physically fit soldiers. We assessed the trend of physical fitness related to weight status among Swiss male conscripts.: Methods: ... ...

Abstract	Objective: The high prevalence of obesity among young adults in the civilian population pose challenges in recruiting physically fit soldiers. We assessed the trend of physical fitness related to weight status among Swiss male conscripts. Methods: Cross-sectional data of medical examination data during mandatory conscription for the Swiss Armed Forces, 2007-2022 (N = 412,186). The conscription physical test (CPT) assessed five aspects of physical fitness, each aspect scoring 0-25, one component being an endurance test (ET). CPT and ET categories were defined as per military guidelines: "Insufficient", "Sufficient", "Good", "Very Good" and "Excellent". Weight status was based on body mass index (BMI). Results: Conscripts with obesity (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m Conclusion: Male Swiss conscripts with overweight and obesity have lower physical fitness than normal weight conscripts, and this condition tends to worsen over the conscription years.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-03
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2785569-7
ISSN	2211-3355
ISSN	2211-3355
DOI	10.1016/j.pmedr.2024.102591
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Article ; Online: Trends of physical fitness related to weight status

Cédric Gubelmann / Zeno Stanga / Kaspar Staub / Pedro Marques-Vidal

Preventive Medicine Reports, Vol 38, Iss , Pp 102591- (2024)

An analysis including over 412,000 Swiss young male conscripts from 2007 to 2022

2024

Abstract	Objective: The high prevalence of obesity among young adults in the civilian population pose challenges in recruiting physically fit soldiers. We assessed the trend of physical fitness related to weight status among Swiss male conscripts. Methods: Cross-sectional data of medical examination data during mandatory conscription for the Swiss Armed Forces, 2007–2022 (N = 412,186). The conscription physical test (CPT) assessed five aspects of physical fitness, each aspect scoring 0–25, one component being an endurance test (ET). CPT and ET categories were defined as per military guidelines: “Insufficient”, “Sufficient”, “Good”, “Very Good” and “Excellent”. Weight status was based on body mass index (BMI). Results: Conscripts with obesity (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2) and overweight (BMI 25–29.99) had significantly (p < 0.001) lower CPT and ET scores compared to normal weight [multivariable-adjusted mean: 54.7 ± 0.1 and 66.5 ± 0.1, vs. 73.6 ± 0.1 for CPT; 8.8 ± 0.1 and 12.5 ± 0.1, vs. 15.3 ± 0.1 for ET] and a higher likelihood to be categorized as “Insufficient” [weighted relative-risk ratio and (95 %CI): 70.4 (63.7–77.7) and 2.35 (2.16–2.55) for CPT; 77.1 (71.0–83.7) and 3.05 (2.91–3.20) for ET] or “Sufficient” [7.67 (7.38–7.97) and 2.02 (1.99–2.06) for CPT; 8.93 (8.37–9.52) and 2.02 (1.98–2.06) for ET]. Compared to normal weight conscripts, the CPT and ET scores decreased over the conscription years for conscripts with obesity (multivariable-adjusted mean yearly change: −0.11 ± 0.02 for CPT; −0.032 ± 0.007 for ET) and overweight (−0.16 ± 0.01 for CPT and −0.044 ± 0.004 for ET). Conclusion: Male Swiss conscripts with overweight and obesity have lower physical fitness than normal weight conscripts, and this condition tends to worsen over the conscription years.
Keywords	Physical fitness ; Obesity ; Weight status ; Army ; Conscription ; Trend ; Medicine ; R
Subject code	796
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Elsevier
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Intergenerational transmission of height in a historical population: From taller mothers to larger offspring at birth (and as adults).

Floris, Joël / Matthes, Katarina L / Le Vu, Mathilde / Staub, Kaspar

PNAS nexus

2023 Volume 2, Issue 6, Page(s) pgad208

Abstract: Changes in growth and height reflect changes in nutritional status and health. The systematic surveillance of growth can suggest areas for interventions. Moreover, phenotypic variation has a strong intergenerational component. There is a lack of ... ...

Abstract	Changes in growth and height reflect changes in nutritional status and health. The systematic surveillance of growth can suggest areas for interventions. Moreover, phenotypic variation has a strong intergenerational component. There is a lack of historical family data that can be used to track the transmission of height over subsequent generations. Maternal height is a proxy for conditions experienced by one generation that relates to the health/growth of future generations. Cross-sectional/cohort studies have shown that shorter maternal height is closely associated with lower birth weight of offspring. We analyzed the maternal height and offspring weight at birth in the maternity hospital in Basel, Switzerland, from 1896 to 1939 (
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-06-19
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2752-6542
ISSN (online)	2752-6542
DOI	10.1093/pnasnexus/pgad208
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Article ; Online: Down memory lane: Unprecedented strong public and scientific interest in the "Spanish flu" 1918/1919 during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Staub, Kaspar / Floris, Joël

Influenza and other respiratory viruses

2020 Volume 15, Issue 2, Page(s) 318–319

MeSH term(s)	COVID-19/epidemiology ; COVID-19/psychology ; Humans ; Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype ; Influenza Pandemic, 1918-1919/statistics & numerical data ; Influenza, Human/epidemiology ; Influenza, Human/virology ; Information Seeking Behavior ; Information Storage and Retrieval/trends ; SARS-CoV-2
Keywords	covid19
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-09-18
Publishing country	England
Document type	Letter
ZDB-ID	2274538-5
ISSN	1750-2659 ; 1750-2640
ISSN (online)	1750-2659
ISSN	1750-2640
DOI	10.1111/irv.12806
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Article ; Online: Health of singleton neonates in Switzerland through time and crises: a cross-sectional study at the population level, 2007-2022.

Le Vu, Mathilde / Matthes, Katarina L / Brabec, Marek / Riou, Julien / Skrivankova, Veronika W / Hösli, Irene / Rohrmann, Sabine / Staub, Kaspar

BMC pregnancy and childbirth

2024 Volume 24, Issue 1, Page(s) 218

Abstract: Background: Being exposed to crises during pregnancy can affect maternal health through stress exposure, which can in return impact neonatal health. We investigated temporal trends in neonatal outcomes in Switzerland between 2007 and 2022 and their ... ...

Abstract	Background: Being exposed to crises during pregnancy can affect maternal health through stress exposure, which can in return impact neonatal health. We investigated temporal trends in neonatal outcomes in Switzerland between 2007 and 2022 and their variations depending on exposure to the economic crisis of 2008, the flu pandemic of 2009, heatwaves (2015 and 2018) and the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: Using individual cross-sectional data encompassing all births occurring in Switzerland at the monthly level (2007-2022), we analysed changes in birth weight and in the rates of preterm birth (PTB) and stillbirth through time with generalized additive models. We assessed whether the intensity or length of crisis exposure was associated with variations in these outcomes. Furthermore, we explored effects of exposure depending on trimesters of pregnancy. Results: Over 1.2 million singleton births were included in our analyses. While birth weight and the rate of stillbirth have remained stable since 2007, the rate of PTB has declined by one percentage point. Exposure to the crises led to different results, but effect sizes were overall small. Exposure to COVID-19, irrespective of the pregnancy trimester, was associated with a higher birth weight (+12 grams [95% confidence interval (CI) 5.5 to 17.9 grams]). Being exposed to COVID-19 during the last trimester was associated with an increased risk of stillbirth (odds ratio 1.24 [95%CI 1.02 to 1.50]). Exposure to the 2008 economic crisis during pregnancy was not associated with any changes in neonatal health outcomes, while heatwave effect was difficult to interpret. Conclusion: Overall, maternal and neonatal health demonstrated resilience to the economic crisis and to the COVID-19 pandemic in a high-income country like Switzerland. However, the effect of exposure to the COVID-19 pandemic is dual, and the negative impact of maternal infection on pregnancy is well-documented. Stress exposure and economic constraint may also have had adverse effects among the most vulnerable subgroups of Switzerland. To investigate better the impact of heatwave exposure on neonatal health, weekly or daily-level data is needed, instead of monthly-level data.
MeSH term(s)	Pregnancy ; Female ; Infant, Newborn ; Humans ; Stillbirth/epidemiology ; Premature Birth/epidemiology ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Switzerland/epidemiology ; Birth Weight ; Pandemics ; COVID-19/epidemiology ; Pregnancy Outcome/epidemiology
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-03-25
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2059869-5
ISSN	1471-2393 ; 1471-2393
ISSN (online)	1471-2393
ISSN	1471-2393
DOI	10.1186/s12884-024-06414-1
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Article ; Online: Associations between 3D surface scanner derived anthropometric measurements and body composition in a cross-sectional study.

Guarnieri Lopez, Manuel / Matthes, Katarina L / Sob, Cynthia / Bender, Nicole / Staub, Kaspar

European journal of clinical nutrition

2023 Volume 77, Issue 10, Page(s) 972–981

Abstract: Background: 3D laser-based photonic scanners are increasingly used in health studies to estimate body composition. However, too little is known about whether various 3D body scan measures estimate body composition better than single standard ... ...

Abstract	Background: 3D laser-based photonic scanners are increasingly used in health studies to estimate body composition. However, too little is known about whether various 3D body scan measures estimate body composition better than single standard anthropometric measures, and which body scans best estimate it. Furthermore, little is known about differences by sex and age. Methods: 105 men and 96 women aged between 18 and 90 years were analysed. Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis was used to estimate whole relative fat mass (RFM), visceral adipose tissue (VAT) and skeletal muscle mass index (SMI). An Anthroscan VITUSbodyscan was used to obtain 3D body scans (e.g. volumes, circumferences, lengths). To reduce the number of possible predictors that could predict RFM, VAT and SMI backward elimination was performed. With these selected predictors linear regression on the respective body compositions was performed and the explained variations were compared with models using standard anthropometric measurements (Body Mass Index (BMI), waist circumference (WC) and waist-to-height-ratio (WHtR)). Results: Among the models based on standard anthropometric measures, WC performed better than BMI and WHtR in estimating body composition in men and women. The explained variations in models including body scan variables are consistently higher than those from standard anthropometrics models, with an increase in explained variations between 5% (RFM for men) and 10% (SMI for men). Furthermore, the explained variation of body composition was additionally increased when age and lifestyle variables were added. For each of the body composition variables, the number of predictors differed between men and women, but included mostly volumes and circumferences in the central waist/chest/hip area and the thighs. Conclusions: 3D scan models performed better than standard anthropometric measures models to predict body composition. Therefore, it is an advantage for larger health studies to look at body composition more holistically using 3D full body surface scans.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-07-21
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	639358-5
ISSN	1476-5640 ; 0954-3007
ISSN (online)	1476-5640
ISSN	0954-3007
DOI	10.1038/s41430-023-01309-4
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Article ; Online: Health of neonates born in the maternity hospital in Bern, Switzerland, 1880-1900 and 1914-1922.

Salvisberg, Vivienne / Le Vu, Mathilde / Floris, Joël / Matthes, Katarina L / Staub, Kaspar

PloS one

2023 Volume 18, Issue 8, Page(s) e0289157

Abstract: The identification of factors impeding normal fetal development and growth is crucial for improving neonatal health. Historical studies are relevant because they show which parameters have influenced neonatal health in the past in order to better ... ...

Abstract	The identification of factors impeding normal fetal development and growth is crucial for improving neonatal health. Historical studies are relevant because they show which parameters have influenced neonatal health in the past in order to better understand the present. We studied temporal changes of neonatal health outcomes (birth weight, gestational age, stillbirth rate) and the influence of different cofactors in two time periods. Moreover, we investigated particularly neonatal health in the wake of the 1918/19 influenza pandemic. Data were transcribed from the Bern Maternity Hospital and consists of two time periods: A) The years 1880, 1885, 1890, 1895 and 1900 (N = 1530, births' coverage 20%); B) The years 1914-1922 (N = 6924, births' coverage 40-50%). Linear regression models were used to estimate the effect of birth year on birth weight, and logistic regression models to estimate the effect of birth year and of the exposure to the pandemic on premature birth, stillborn and low birth weight (LBW). Mean birth weight increased only minimally between the two datasets; whereas, in the years 1914-1922, the preterm birth and stillbirth rates were markedly reduced compared with the years 1880-1900. Sex, parity, gestational age and maternal age were significantly associated with birth weight in both time periods. The probability of LBW was significantly increased in 1918 (OR 1.49 (95% CI 1.00-2.23)) and in 1919 (OR 1.55 (95% CI 1.02-2.36)) compared to 1914. Mothers who were heavily exposed to the influenza pandemic during pregnancy had a higher risk of stillbirth (OR 2.27 (95% CI 1.32-3.9)). This study demonstrated that factors influencing neonatal health are multifactorial but similar in both time periods. Moreover, the exposure to the 1918/19 pandemic was less associated with LBW and more associated with an increased risk of stillbirth. If this trend is confirmed by further studies, it could indicate some consistency across pandemics, as similar patterns have recently been shown for COVID-19.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Pregnancy ; Infant, Newborn ; Female ; Birth Weight ; Stillbirth/epidemiology ; Switzerland/epidemiology ; Influenza, Human/epidemiology ; Hospitals, Maternity ; Premature Birth/epidemiology ; COVID-19 ; Infant, Low Birth Weight
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-08-16
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2267670-3
ISSN	1932-6203 ; 1932-6203
ISSN (online)	1932-6203
ISSN	1932-6203
DOI	10.1371/journal.pone.0289157
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