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Article ; Online: Repeated Seasonal Influenza Vaccination: How Much Is Too Much of a Good Thing?

Stacey, Hannah D / Miller, Matthew S

2019 Volume 222, Issue 2, Page(s) 173–175

MeSH term(s)	Antibody Formation ; CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes ; Humans ; Influenza Vaccines ; Influenza, Human/prevention & control ; Research Subjects ; Seasons ; Vaccination
Chemical Substances	Influenza Vaccines
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-10-09
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Comment
ZDB-ID	3019-3
ISSN	1537-6613 ; 0022-1899
ISSN (online)	1537-6613
ISSN	0022-1899
DOI	10.1093/infdis/jiz434
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Article ; Online: Beyond neutralization: Fc-dependent antibody effector functions in SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Zhang, Ali / Stacey, Hannah D / D'Agostino, Michael R / Tugg, Yona / Marzok, Art / Miller, Matthew S

Nature reviews. Immunology

2022 Volume 23, Issue 6, Page(s) 381–396

Abstract: Neutralizing antibodies are known to have a crucial role in protecting against SARS-CoV-2 infection and have been suggested to be a useful correlate of protection for vaccine clinical trials and for population-level surveys. In addition to neutralizing ... ...

Abstract	Neutralizing antibodies are known to have a crucial role in protecting against SARS-CoV-2 infection and have been suggested to be a useful correlate of protection for vaccine clinical trials and for population-level surveys. In addition to neutralizing virus directly, antibodies can also engage immune effectors through their Fc domains, including Fc receptor-expressing immune cells and complement. The outcome of these interactions depends on a range of factors, including antibody isotype-Fc receptor combinations, Fc receptor-bearing cell types and antibody post-translational modifications. A growing body of evidence has shown roles for these Fc-dependent antibody effector functions in determining the outcome of SARS-CoV-2 infection. However, measuring these functions is more complicated than assays that measure antibody binding and virus neutralization. Here, we examine recent data illuminating the roles of Fc-dependent antibody effector functions in the context of SARS-CoV-2 infection, and we discuss the implications of these data for the development of next-generation SARS-CoV-2 vaccines and therapeutics.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; COVID-19 ; COVID-19 Vaccines ; Antibodies, Viral ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Antibodies, Neutralizing ; Immunoglobulin Fc Fragments ; Receptors, Fc
Chemical Substances	COVID-19 Vaccines ; Antibodies, Viral ; Antibodies, Neutralizing ; Immunoglobulin Fc Fragments ; Receptors, Fc
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-12-19
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Review ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2062776-2
ISSN	1474-1741 ; 1474-1733
ISSN (online)	1474-1741
ISSN	1474-1733
DOI	10.1038/s41577-022-00813-1
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Article: Neutrophils and Influenza: A Thin Line between Helpful and Harmful.

George, Sneha T / Lai, Jonathan / Ma, Julia / Stacey, Hannah D / Miller, Matthew S / Mullarkey, Caitlin E

Vaccines

2021 Volume 9, Issue 6

Abstract: Influenza viruses are one of the most prevalent respiratory pathogens known to humans and pose a significant threat to global public health each year. Annual influenza epidemics are responsible for 3-5 million infections worldwide and approximately 500, ... ...

Abstract	Influenza viruses are one of the most prevalent respiratory pathogens known to humans and pose a significant threat to global public health each year. Annual influenza epidemics are responsible for 3-5 million infections worldwide and approximately 500,000 deaths. Presently, yearly vaccinations represent the most effective means of combating these viruses. In humans, influenza viruses infect respiratory epithelial cells and typically cause localized infections of mild to moderate severity. Neutrophils are the first innate cells to be recruited to the site of the infection and possess a wide range of effector functions to eliminate viruses. Some well-described effector functions include phagocytosis, degranulation, the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and the formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs). However, while these mechanisms can promote infection resolution, they can also contribute to the pathology of severe disease. Thus, the role of neutrophils in influenza viral infection is nuanced, and the threshold at which protective functions give way to immunopathology is not well understood. Moreover, notable differences between human and murine neutrophils underscore the need to exercise caution when applying murine findings to human physiology. This review aims to provide an overview of neutrophil characteristics, their classic effector functions, as well as more recently described antibody-mediated effector functions. Finally, we discuss the controversial role these cells play in the context of influenza virus infections and how our knowledge of this cell type can be leveraged in the design of universal influenza virus vaccines.
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-06-04
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2703319-3
ISSN	2076-393X
ISSN	2076-393X
DOI	10.3390/vaccines9060597
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Article ; Online: Quantitative somatosensory testing of the abdomen: establishing initial reference values across developmental age and biological sex.

Sieberg, Christine B / Lunde, Claire E / Shafrir, Amy L / Meints, Samantha M / Madraswalla, Mehnaz / Huntley, Devon / Olsen, Hannah / Wong, Cindy / DiVasta, Amy D / Missmer, Stacey A / Sethna, Navil

Pain

2023 Volume 165, Issue 1, Page(s) 115–125

Abstract: Abstract: Abdominal pain is a common symptom of several debilitating conditions (eg, inflammatory bowel disease, irritable bowel syndrome, and endometriosis) and affects individuals throughout their lifespan. Quantitative sensory testing (QST) reference ...

Abstract	Abstract: Abdominal pain is a common symptom of several debilitating conditions (eg, inflammatory bowel disease, irritable bowel syndrome, and endometriosis) and affects individuals throughout their lifespan. Quantitative sensory testing (QST) reference values exist for many body sites but not the abdomen. Using a QST battery adapted from the German Research Network on Neuropathic Pain, we collected QST data on the upper and lower abdomen in 181 pain-free participants, ages 12 to 50 years, to establish reference values by age and biological sex. The normative values are presented as medians for each QST measure by sex (male, n = 63; female, n = 118) and across 3 age categories (adolescents: 12-19 years, n = 48; young adults: 20-30 years, n = 87; and adults: 31-50 years, n = 46). Evaluating the sensory functioning of the abdomen and characterizing ranges of QST measures is an essential first step in understanding and monitoring the clinical course of sensory abnormalities in patients with underlying diseases affecting the abdomen and pelvis. The impact of age and development on sensory functioning is necessary, given age-related changes in pain perception and modulation.
MeSH term(s)	Adolescent ; Young Adult ; Humans ; Male ; Female ; Child ; Adult ; Pain Threshold ; Reference Values ; Neuralgia/diagnosis ; Pain Perception ; Abdomen
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-07-28
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	193153-2
ISSN	1872-6623 ; 0304-3959
ISSN (online)	1872-6623
ISSN	0304-3959
DOI	10.1097/j.pain.0000000000003001
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Article ; Online: A Universal DNA Aptamer that Recognizes Spike Proteins of Diverse SARS-CoV-2 Variants of Concern.

Zhang, Zijie / Li, Jiuxing / Gu, Jimmy / Amini, Ryan / Stacey, Hannah D / Ang, Jann C / White, Dawn / Filipe, Carlos D M / Mossman, Karen / Miller, Matthew S / Salena, Bruno J / Yamamura, Deborah / Sen, Payel / Soleymani, Leyla / Brennan, John D / Li, Yingfu

Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)

2022 Volume 28, Issue 15, Page(s) e202200524

Abstract: Invited for the cover of this issue are John Brennan, Yingfu Li, and co-workers at McMaster University. The image depicts MSA52 as a universal DNA aptamer that recognizes spike proteins of diverse SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern. Read the full text of the ...

Abstract	Invited for the cover of this issue are John Brennan, Yingfu Li, and co-workers at McMaster University. The image depicts MSA52 as a universal DNA aptamer that recognizes spike proteins of diverse SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern. Read the full text of the article at 10.1002/chem.202200078.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-02-26
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1478547-X
ISSN	1521-3765 ; 0947-6539
ISSN (online)	1521-3765
ISSN	0947-6539
DOI	10.1002/chem.202200524
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Article: "Gnothi Seauton": Leveraging the Host Response to Improve Influenza Virus Vaccine Efficacy.

Stacey, Hannah D / Barjesteh, Neda / Mapletoft, Jonathan P / Miller, Matthew S

Vaccines

2018 Volume 6, Issue 2

Abstract: Vaccination against the seasonal influenza virus is the best way to prevent infection. Nevertheless, vaccine efficacy remains far from optimal especially in high-risk populations such as the elderly. Recent technological advancements have facilitated ... ...

Abstract	Vaccination against the seasonal influenza virus is the best way to prevent infection. Nevertheless, vaccine efficacy remains far from optimal especially in high-risk populations such as the elderly. Recent technological advancements have facilitated rapid and precise identification of the B and T cell epitopes that are targets for protective responses. While these discoveries have undoubtedly brought the field closer to "universal" influenza virus vaccines, choosing the correct antigen is only one piece of the equation. Achieving efficacy and durability requires a detailed understanding of the diverse host factors and pathways that are required for attaining optimal responses. Sequencing technologies, systems biology, and immunological studies have recently advanced our understanding of the diverse aspects of the host response required for vaccine efficacy. In this paper, we review the critical role of the host response in determining efficacious responses and discuss the gaps in knowledge that will need to be addressed if the field is to be successful in developing new and more effective influenza virus vaccines.
Language	English
Publishing date	2018-04-12
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2703319-3
ISSN	2076-393X
ISSN	2076-393X
DOI	10.3390/vaccines6020023
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Article ; Online: Original Antigenic Sin: How First Exposure Shapes Lifelong Anti-Influenza Virus Immune Responses.

Zhang, Ali / Stacey, Hannah D / Mullarkey, Caitlin E / Miller, Matthew S

Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)

2018 Volume 202, Issue 2, Page(s) 335–340

Abstract: The term "original antigenic sin" (OAS) was first used in the 1960s to describe how one's first exposure to influenza virus shapes the outcome of subsequent exposures to antigenically related strains. In the decades that have passed, OAS-like responses ... ...

Abstract	The term "original antigenic sin" (OAS) was first used in the 1960s to describe how one's first exposure to influenza virus shapes the outcome of subsequent exposures to antigenically related strains. In the decades that have passed, OAS-like responses have been shown to play an integral role in both protection from and susceptibility to infections. OAS may also have an important deterministic role in the differential efficacy of influenza vaccine responses observed for various age cohorts across seasons. In this article, we review how the understanding of OAS has progressed from its initial description and highlight important outstanding questions in need of further study.
MeSH term(s)	Age Factors ; Antigenic Variation ; Antigens, Viral/immunology ; Humans ; Immunity ; Immunologic Memory ; Influenza Vaccines/immunology ; Influenza, Human/immunology ; Influenza, Human/prevention & control ; Orthomyxoviridae/physiology ; Treatment Outcome
Chemical Substances	Antigens, Viral ; Influenza Vaccines
Language	English
Publishing date	2018-10-25
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
ZDB-ID	3056-9
ISSN	1550-6606 ; 0022-1767 ; 1048-3233 ; 1047-7381
ISSN (online)	1550-6606
ISSN	0022-1767 ; 1048-3233 ; 1047-7381
DOI	10.4049/jimmunol.1801149
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Article ; Online: Early Omicron infection is associated with increased reinfection risk in older adults in long-term care and retirement facilities.

Breznik, Jessica A / Rahim, Ahmad / Zhang, Ali / Ang, Jann / Stacey, Hannah D / Bhakta, Hina / Clare, Rumi / Liu, Li-Min / Kennedy, Allison / Hagerman, Megan / Kajaks, Tara / Miller, Matthew S / Nazy, Ishac / Bramson, Jonathan L / Costa, Andrew P / Bowdish, Dawn M E

EClinicalMedicine

2023 Volume 63, Page(s) 102148

Abstract: Background: Older adults are at increased risk of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron infection and severe disease, especially those in congregate living settings, despite high SARS-CoV-2 vaccine coverage. It is unclear whether hybrid immunity (combined vaccination and ... ...

Abstract	Background: Older adults are at increased risk of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron infection and severe disease, especially those in congregate living settings, despite high SARS-CoV-2 vaccine coverage. It is unclear whether hybrid immunity (combined vaccination and infection) after one Omicron infection provides increased protection against subsequent Omicron reinfection in older adults. Methods: Incidence of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron infection was examined in 750 vaccinated residents of long-term care and retirement homes in the observational cohort Findings: 133 of 750 participants (17.7%) had a PCR-confirmed Omicron infection during the observation period. Increased infection risk was associated with prior Omicron infection (at 9-29 days: 47.67 [23.73-95.76]), and this was not attributed to days since fourth vaccination (1.00 [1.00-1.01]) or residence outbreaks (>6 compared to ≤6: 0.95 [0.37-2.41]). Instead, reinfected participants had lower serum neutralizing antibodies to ancestral and Omicron BA.1 SARS-CoV-2, and lower anti-RBD IgG and IgA antibodies, after their initial Omicron infection. Interpretation: Counterintuitively, SARS-CoV-2 Omicron infection was associated with increased risk of Omicron reinfection in residents of long-term care and retirement homes. Less robust humoral hybrid immune responses in older adults may contribute to risk of Omicron reinfection. Funding: COVID-19 Immunity Task Force of the Public Health Agency of Canada.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-08-21
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2589-5370
ISSN (online)	2589-5370
DOI	10.1016/j.eclinm.2023.102148
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Article ; Online: Early humoral and cellular responses after bivalent SARS-CoV-2 mRNA-1273.214 vaccination in long-term care and retirement home residents in Ontario, Canada: An observational cohort study.

Breznik, Jessica A / Rahim, Ahmad / Bhakta, Hina / Clare, Rumi / Zhang, Ali / Ang, Jann / Stacey, Hannah D / Liu, Li-Min / Kennedy, Allison / Bilaver, Lucas / Hagerman, Megan / Kajaks, Tara / Bramson, Jonathan L / Nazy, Ishac / Miller, Matthew S / Costa, Andrew P / Bowdish, Dawn M E

Journal of medical virology

2023 Volume 95, Issue 10, Page(s) e29170

Abstract: Immunogenicity of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) bivalent mRNA-1273.214 vaccine (Original/Omicron B.1.1.529 [BA.1]) is underreported in vulnerable older adults in congregate care settings. In residents of 26 long-term ... ...

Abstract	Immunogenicity of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) bivalent mRNA-1273.214 vaccine (Original/Omicron B.1.1.529 [BA.1]) is underreported in vulnerable older adults in congregate care settings. In residents of 26 long-term care and retirement homes in Ontario, Canada, humoral (i.e., serum anti-spike and anti-receptor binding domain [anti-RBD]) IgG and IgA antibodies and live SARS-CoV-2 neutralization) and cellular (i.e., CD4
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Aged ; Ontario ; Long-Term Care ; Retirement ; SARS-CoV-2/genetics ; COVID-19/prevention & control ; mRNA Vaccines ; Vaccination ; Cohort Studies ; Immunoglobulin A ; Immunoglobulin G ; Antibodies, Viral ; Antibodies, Neutralizing
Chemical Substances	mRNA-1273.214 COVID-19 vaccine ; mRNA Vaccines ; Immunoglobulin A ; Immunoglobulin G ; Antibodies, Viral ; Antibodies, Neutralizing
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-10-11
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Observational Study ; Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	752392-0
ISSN	1096-9071 ; 0146-6615
ISSN (online)	1096-9071
ISSN	0146-6615
DOI	10.1002/jmv.29170
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Article ; Online: Effect of inactivated influenza vaccination on human coronavirus infection: Secondary analysis of a randomized trial in Hutterite colonies.

Chen, Andrew T / Stacey, Hannah D / Marzok, Art / Singh, Pardeep / Ang, Jann / Miller, Matthew S / Loeb, Mark

Vaccine

2021 Volume 39, Issue 48, Page(s) 7058–7065

Abstract: Background: Although influenza vaccines provide protection against influenza viruses, concern has been raised that they may increase susceptibility to non-influenza respiratory viruses. As pandemic lockdowns end, temporal overlap of circulation of ... ...

Abstract	Background: Although influenza vaccines provide protection against influenza viruses, concern has been raised that they may increase susceptibility to non-influenza respiratory viruses. As pandemic lockdowns end, temporal overlap of circulation of seasonal influenza viruses and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is expected. Understanding the impact of influenza vaccination on risk of coronavirus infection is therefore of considerable public health importance. Methods: We performed a secondary analysis of a randomized trial where children and adolescents in Canadian Hutterite colonies were randomly assigned by colony to receive the 2008-2009 seasonal inactivated trivalent influenza vaccine (TIV) or a control hepatitis A (HepA) vaccine. All 3273 colony members (vaccinated children and nonvaccine recipients) were followed for the primary outcome of RT-PCR confirmed seasonal coronavirus infection. Serum collected pre- and post-vaccination was analyzed for titers of IgG antibodies towards human coronaviruses (HCoV). Results: The incidence of coronavirus infection was 0·18/1000 person-days in the colonies that received TIV vs 0.36/1000 person-days in the control group, hazard ratio (HR) 0.49 [0.21-1.17]. The risk reduction among non-vaccine recipients in the TIV group compared to the control group was HR 0.55 [0.24-1.23]. There was an increase in the geometric mean fold change of HCoV-OC43 antibody titers following TIV compared to HepA vaccine (mean difference 1.2 [0.38-2.06], p = 0.007), and an increase in geometric mean HCoV-NL63 antibody titers post-TIV (262.9 vs 342.9, p = 0.03). Conclusion: The influenza vaccine does not increase the risk of a coronavirus infection. Instead, the influenza vaccine may reduce the rate of coronavirus infections by inducing cross-reactive anti-coronavirus IgG antibodies.
MeSH term(s)	Adolescent ; Antibodies, Viral ; COVID-19 ; Canada ; Child ; Communicable Disease Control ; Humans ; Influenza Vaccines ; Influenza, Human/prevention & control ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Vaccination ; Vaccines, Inactivated
Chemical Substances	Antibodies, Viral ; Influenza Vaccines ; Vaccines, Inactivated
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-10-18
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article ; Randomized Controlled Trial ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	605674-x
ISSN	1873-2518 ; 0264-410X
ISSN (online)	1873-2518
ISSN	0264-410X
DOI	10.1016/j.vaccine.2021.10.021
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