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Article ; Online: Voice hearing in refugees survivors of traumatic events.

Barbieri, Alberto / Visco-Comandini, Federica / Alunni Fegatelli, Danilo / Dessi, Anna / Cannella, Giuseppe / Stellacci, Antonella / de Lucia, Giulia / Maulucci, Lucia

Torture : quarterly journal on rehabilitation of torture victims and prevention of torture

2024 Volume 33, Issue 3, Page(s) 80–93

Abstract: The term voice hearing (VH) refers to the experience of hearing voices in the absence of corresponding external stimuli and is considered a hallucinatory experience. According to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, fifth edition ( ... ...

Abstract	The term voice hearing (VH) refers to the experience of hearing voices in the absence of corresponding external stimuli and is considered a hallucinatory experience. According to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, fifth edition (DSM-5; American Psychiatric Association [APA], 2013), hallucinations are perception-like experiences that occur without an external stimulus. They are vivid and clear, with the full force and impact of normal perceptions, and not under voluntary control. Specifically, auditory hallucinations involve the perception of sound, most frequently of voices (i.e., auditory verbal hallucinations- AVHs) but sometimes of clicks or other noises, that are not restricted to the period of awakening or the onset of sleep. AVHs are usually experienced as voices, whether familiar or unfamiliar, that are perceived as distinct from the individual's own thoughts.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Refugees ; Hallucinations/diagnosis ; Hallucinations/psychology ; Voice ; Hearing
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-09
Publishing country	Denmark
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1170269-2
ISSN	1997-3322 ; 1018-8185 ; 0904-1982
ISSN (online)	1997-3322
ISSN	1018-8185 ; 0904-1982
DOI	10.7146/torture.v33i3.140211
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Article ; Online: Automatic Detection of Aerobic Threshold through Recurrence Quantification Analysis of Heart Rate Time Series.

Zimatore, Giovanna / Serantoni, Cassandra / Gallotta, Maria Chiara / Guidetti, Laura / Maulucci, Giuseppe / De Spirito, Marco

International journal of environmental research and public health

2023 Volume 20, Issue 3

Abstract: During exercise with increasing intensity, the human body transforms energy with mechanisms dependent upon actual requirements. Three phases of the body's energy utilization are recognized, characterized by different metabolic processes, and separated by ...

Abstract	During exercise with increasing intensity, the human body transforms energy with mechanisms dependent upon actual requirements. Three phases of the body's energy utilization are recognized, characterized by different metabolic processes, and separated by two threshold points, called aerobic (AerT) and anaerobic threshold (AnT). These thresholds occur at determined values of exercise intensity(workload) and can change among individuals. They are considered indicators of exercise capacities and are useful in the personalization of physical activity plans. They are usually detected by ventilatory or metabolic variables and require expensive equipment and invasive measurements. Recently, particular attention has focused on AerT, which is a parameter especially useful in the overweight and obese population to determine the best amount of exercise intensity for weight loss and increasing physical fitness. The aim of study is to propose a new procedure to automatically identify AerT using the analysis of recurrences (RQA) relying only on Heart rate time series, acquired from a cohort of young athletes during a sub-maximal incremental exercise test (Cardiopulmonary Exercise Test, CPET) on a cycle ergometer. We found that the minima of determinism, an RQA feature calculated from the Recurrence Quantification by Epochs (RQE) approach, identify the time points where generic metabolic transitions occur. Among these transitions, a criterion based on the maximum convexity of the determinism minima allows to detect the first metabolic threshold. The ordinary least products regression analysis shows that values of the oxygen consumption VO
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Oxygen Consumption ; Heart Rate/physiology ; Time Factors ; Anaerobic Threshold ; Exercise ; Exercise Test
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-01-21
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2175195-X
ISSN	1660-4601 ; 1661-7827
ISSN (online)	1660-4601
ISSN	1661-7827
DOI	10.3390/ijerph20031998
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Article ; Online: Putting the Personalized Metabolic Avatar into Production: A Comparison between Deep-Learning and Statistical Models for Weight Prediction.

Abeltino, Alessio / Bianchetti, Giada / Serantoni, Cassandra / Riente, Alessia / De Spirito, Marco / Maulucci, Giuseppe

Nutrients

2023 Volume 15, Issue 5

Abstract: Nutrition is a cross-cutting sector in medicine, with a huge impact on health, from cardiovascular disease to cancer. Employment of digital medicine in nutrition relies on digital twins: digital replicas of human physiology representing an emergent ... ...

Abstract	Nutrition is a cross-cutting sector in medicine, with a huge impact on health, from cardiovascular disease to cancer. Employment of digital medicine in nutrition relies on digital twins: digital replicas of human physiology representing an emergent solution for prevention and treatment of many diseases. In this context, we have already developed a data-driven model of metabolism, called a "Personalized Metabolic Avatar" (PMA), using gated recurrent unit (GRU) neural networks for weight forecasting. However, putting a digital twin into production to make it available for users is a difficult task that as important as model building. Among the principal issues, changes to data sources, models and hyperparameters introduce room for error and overfitting and can lead to abrupt variations in computational time. In this study, we selected the best strategy for deployment in terms of predictive performance and computational time. Several models, such as the Transformer model, recursive neural networks (GRUs and long short-term memory networks) and the statistical SARIMAX model were tested on ten users. PMAs based on GRUs and LSTM showed optimal and stable predictive performances, with the lowest root mean squared errors (0.38 ± 0.16-0.39 ± 0.18) and acceptable computational times of the retraining phase (12.7 ± 1.42 s-13.5 ± 3.60 s) for a production environment. While the Transformer model did not bring a substantial improvement over RNNs in term of predictive performance, it increased the computational time for both forecasting and retraining by 40%. The SARIMAX model showed the worst performance in term of predictive performance, though it had the best computational time. For all the models considered, the extent of the data source was a negligible factor, and a threshold was established for the number of time points needed for a successful prediction.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Deep Learning ; Neural Networks, Computer ; Nutritional Status ; Forecasting ; Models, Statistical
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-02-27
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2518386-2
ISSN	2072-6643 ; 2072-6643
ISSN (online)	2072-6643
ISSN	2072-6643
DOI	10.3390/nu15051199
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Article ; Online: Unsupervised Clustering of Heartbeat Dynamics Allows for Real Time and Personalized Improvement in Cardiovascular Fitness.

Serantoni, Cassandra / Zimatore, Giovanna / Bianchetti, Giada / Abeltino, Alessio / De Spirito, Marco / Maulucci, Giuseppe

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)

2022 Volume 22, Issue 11

Abstract: ... ...

Abstract	VO
MeSH term(s)	Cluster Analysis ; Exercise ; Heart ; Heart Rate ; Oxygen Consumption ; Physical Fitness/physiology ; Running
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-05-24
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2052857-7
ISSN	1424-8220 ; 1424-8220
ISSN (online)	1424-8220
ISSN	1424-8220
DOI	10.3390/s22113974
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Article: Cytoprotective Effects of Punicalagin on Hydrogen-Peroxide-Mediated Oxidative Stress and Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Retinal Pigment Epithelium Cells.

Clementi, Maria Elisabetta / Maulucci, Giuseppe / Bianchetti, Giada / Pizzoferrato, Michela / Sampaolese, Beatrice / Tringali, Giuseppe

Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland)

2021 Volume 10, Issue 2

Abstract: The retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) is a densely pigmented, monostratified epithelium that provides metabolic and functional support to the outer segments of photoreceptors. Endogenous or exogenous oxidative stimuli determine a switch from physiological ...

Abstract	The retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) is a densely pigmented, monostratified epithelium that provides metabolic and functional support to the outer segments of photoreceptors. Endogenous or exogenous oxidative stimuli determine a switch from physiological to pathological conditions, characterized by an increase of intracellular levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Accumulating evidence has elucidated that punicalagin (PUN), the major ellagitannin in pomegranate, is a potent antioxidant in several cell types. The present study aimed to investigate the protective effect of PUN on mitochondrial dysfunction associated with hydrogen peroxide (H
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-01-29
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2704216-9
ISSN	2076-3921
ISSN	2076-3921
DOI	10.3390/antiox10020192
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Article: Unsupervised clustering of multiparametric fluorescent images extends the spectrum of detectable cell membrane phases with sub-micrometric resolution.

Bianchetti, Giada / Spirito, Marco De / Maulucci, Giuseppe

Biomedical optics express

2020 Volume 11, Issue 10, Page(s) 5728–5744

Abstract: Solvatochromic probes undergo an emission shift when the hydration level of the membrane environment increases and are commonly used to distinguish between solid-ordered and liquid-disordered phases in artificial membrane bilayers. This emission shift is ...

Abstract	Solvatochromic probes undergo an emission shift when the hydration level of the membrane environment increases and are commonly used to distinguish between solid-ordered and liquid-disordered phases in artificial membrane bilayers. This emission shift is currently limited in unraveling the broad spectrum of membrane phases of natural cell membranes and their spatial organization. Spectrally resolved fluorescence lifetime imaging can provide pixel-resolved multiparametric information about the biophysical state of the membranes, like membrane hydration, microviscosity and the partition coefficient of the probe. Here, we introduce a clustering based analysis that, leveraging the multiparametric content of spectrally resolved lifetime images, allows us to classify through an unsupervised learning approach multiple membrane phases with sub-micrometric resolution. This method extends the spectrum of detectable membrane phases allowing to dissect and characterize up to six different phases, and to study real-time phase transitions in cultured cells and tissues undergoing different treatments. We applied this method to investigate membrane remodeling induced by high glucose on PC-12 neuronal cells, associated with the development of diabetic neuropathy. Due to its wide applicability, this method provides a new paradigm in the analysis of environmentally sensitive fluorescent probes.
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-09-21
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2572216-5
ISSN	2156-7085
ISSN	2156-7085
DOI	10.1364/BOE.399655
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Article ; Online: Automatic Detection of Aerobic Threshold through Recurrence Quantification Analysis of Heart Rate Time Series

Giovanna Zimatore / Cassandra Serantoni / Maria Chiara Gallotta / Laura Guidetti / Giuseppe Maulucci / Marco De Spirito

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Vol 20, Iss 1998, p

2023 Volume 1998

Abstract: During exercise with increasing intensity, the human body transforms energy with mechanisms dependent upon actual requirements. Three phases of the body’s energy utilization are recognized, characterized by different metabolic processes, and separated by ...

Abstract	During exercise with increasing intensity, the human body transforms energy with mechanisms dependent upon actual requirements. Three phases of the body’s energy utilization are recognized, characterized by different metabolic processes, and separated by two threshold points, called aerobic (AerT) and anaerobic threshold (AnT). These thresholds occur at determined values of exercise intensity(workload) and can change among individuals. They are considered indicators of exercise capacities and are useful in the personalization of physical activity plans. They are usually detected by ventilatory or metabolic variables and require expensive equipment and invasive measurements. Recently, particular attention has focused on AerT, which is a parameter especially useful in the overweight and obese population to determine the best amount of exercise intensity for weight loss and increasing physical fitness. The aim of study is to propose a new procedure to automatically identify AerT using the analysis of recurrences (RQA) relying only on Heart rate time series, acquired from a cohort of young athletes during a sub-maximal incremental exercise test (Cardiopulmonary Exercise Test, CPET) on a cycle ergometer. We found that the minima of determinism, an RQA feature calculated from the Recurrence Quantification by Epochs (RQE) approach, identify the time points where generic metabolic transitions occur. Among these transitions, a criterion based on the maximum convexity of the determinism minima allows to detect the first metabolic threshold. The ordinary least products regression analysis shows that values of the oxygen consumption VO 2 , heart rate (HR), and Workload correspondent to the AerT estimated by RQA are strongly correlated with the one estimated by CPET (r > 0.64). Mean percentage differences are <2% for both HR and VO 2 and <11% for Workload. The Technical Error for HR at AerT is <8%; intraclass correlation coefficients values are moderate (≥0.66) for all variables at AerT. This system thus ...
Keywords	aerobic transition ; determinism ; heart rate ; non-linear time series analysis ; physical exercise ; ventilatory threshold ; Medicine ; R
Subject code	796
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article: Cytoprotective Effect of Idebenone through Modulation of the Intrinsic Mitochondrial Pathway of Apoptosis in Human Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells Exposed to Oxidative Stress Induced by Hydrogen Peroxide.

Clementi, Maria Elisabetta / Pizzoferrato, Michela / Bianchetti, Giada / Brancato, Anna / Sampaolese, Beatrice / Maulucci, Giuseppe / Tringali, Giuseppe

Biomedicines

2022 Volume 10, Issue 2

Abstract: Idebenone is a ubiquinone short-chain synthetic analog with antioxidant properties, which is believed to restore mitochondrial ATP synthesis. As such, idebenone is investigated in numerous clinical trials for diseases of mitochondrial aetiology and it is ...

Abstract	Idebenone is a ubiquinone short-chain synthetic analog with antioxidant properties, which is believed to restore mitochondrial ATP synthesis. As such, idebenone is investigated in numerous clinical trials for diseases of mitochondrial aetiology and it is authorized as a drug for the treatment of Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy. Mitochondria of retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) are particularly vulnerable to oxidative damage associated with cellular senescence. Therefore, the aim of this study was to explore idebenone's cytoprotective effect and its underlying mechanism. We used a human-RPE cell line (ARPE-19) exposed to idebenone pre-treatment for 24 h followed by conditions inducing H
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-02-21
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2720867-9
ISSN	2227-9059
ISSN	2227-9059
DOI	10.3390/biomedicines10020503
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Article: Metabolic Imaging and Molecular Biology Reveal the Interplay between Lipid Metabolism and DHA-Induced Modulation of Redox Homeostasis in RPE Cells.

Bianchetti, Giada / Clementi, Maria Elisabetta / Sampaolese, Beatrice / Serantoni, Cassandra / Abeltino, Alessio / De Spirito, Marco / Sasson, Shlomo / Maulucci, Giuseppe

Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland)

2023 Volume 12, Issue 2

Abstract: Diabetes-induced oxidative stress induces the development of vascular complications, which are significant causes of morbidity and mortality in diabetic patients. Among these, diabetic retinopathy (DR) is often caused by functional changes in the blood- ... ...

Abstract	Diabetes-induced oxidative stress induces the development of vascular complications, which are significant causes of morbidity and mortality in diabetic patients. Among these, diabetic retinopathy (DR) is often caused by functional changes in the blood-retinal barrier (BRB) due to harmful oxidative stress events in lipids, proteins, and DNA. Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) has a potential therapeutic effect against hyperglycemia-induced oxidative damage and apoptotic pathways in the main constituents of BRB, retinal pigment epithelium cells (ARPE-19). Effective antioxidant response elicited by DHA is driven by the activation of the Nrf2/Nqo1 signaling cascade, which leads to the formation of NADH, a reductive agent found in the cytoplasm. Nrf2 also induces the expression of genes encoding enzymes involved in lipid metabolism. This study, therefore, aims at investigating the modulation of lipid metabolism induced by high-glucose (HG) on ARPE-19 cells through the integration of metabolic imaging and molecular biology to provide a comprehensive functional and molecular characterization of the mechanisms activated in the disease, as well the therapeutic role of DHA. This study shows that HG augments RPE metabolic processes by enhancing lipid metabolism, from fatty acid uptake and turnover to lipid biosynthesis and β-oxidation. DHA exerts its beneficial effect by ameliorating lipid metabolism and reducing the increased ROS production under HG conditions. This investigation may provide novel insight for formulating novel treatments for DR by targeting lipid metabolism pathways.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-01-31
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2704216-9
ISSN	2076-3921
ISSN	2076-3921
DOI	10.3390/antiox12020339
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Article ; Online: Evaluation of the Chewing Pattern through an Electromyographic Device.

Riente, Alessia / Abeltino, Alessio / Serantoni, Cassandra / Bianchetti, Giada / De Spirito, Marco / Capezzone, Stefano / Esposito, Rosita / Maulucci, Giuseppe

Biosensors

2023 Volume 13, Issue 7

Abstract: Chewing is essential in regulating metabolism and initiating digestion. Various methods have been used to examine chewing, including analyzing chewing sounds and using piezoelectric sensors to detect muscle contractions. However, these methods struggle ... ...

Abstract	Chewing is essential in regulating metabolism and initiating digestion. Various methods have been used to examine chewing, including analyzing chewing sounds and using piezoelectric sensors to detect muscle contractions. However, these methods struggle to distinguish chewing from other movements. Electromyography (EMG) has proven to be an accurate solution, although it requires sensors attached to the skin. Existing EMG devices focus on detecting the act of chewing or classifying foods and do not provide self-awareness of chewing habits. We developed a non-invasive device that evaluates a personalized chewing style by analyzing various aspects, like chewing time, cycle time, work rate, number of chews and work. It was tested in a case study comparing the chewing pattern of smokers and non-smokers, as smoking can alter chewing habits. Previous studies have shown that smokers exhibit reduced chewing speed, but other aspects of chewing were overlooked. The goal of this study is to present the device and provide additional insights into the effects of smoking on chewing patterns by considering multiple chewing features. Statistical analysis revealed significant differences, as non-smokers had more chews and higher work values, indicating more efficient chewing. The device provides valuable insights into personalized chewing profiles and could modify unhealthy chewing habits.
MeSH term(s)	Mastication/physiology ; Smoking ; Food ; Time Factors ; Electromyography/methods
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-07-20
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2662125-3
ISSN	2079-6374 ; 2079-6374
ISSN (online)	2079-6374
ISSN	2079-6374
DOI	10.3390/bios13070749
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