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  1. Article ; Online: Evolution is driven by natural autoencoding: reframing species, interaction codes, cooperation and sexual reproduction.

    Cohen, Irun R / Marron, Assaf

    Proceedings. Biological sciences

    2023  Volume 290, Issue 1994, Page(s) 20222409

    Abstract: The continuity of life and its evolution, we proposed, emerge from an interactive group process manifested in networks of interaction. We term this ... ...

    Abstract The continuity of life and its evolution, we proposed, emerge from an interactive group process manifested in networks of interaction. We term this process
    MeSH term(s) Algorithms ; Recognition, Psychology ; Reproduction
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-03-01
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 209242-6
    ISSN 1471-2954 ; 0080-4649 ; 0962-8452 ; 0950-1193
    ISSN (online) 1471-2954
    ISSN 0080-4649 ; 0962-8452 ; 0950-1193
    DOI 10.1098/rspb.2022.2409
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Zs.A 1364: Show issues Location:
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    Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (1.OG)
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  2. Book: Tending Adam's garden

    Cohen, Irun R.

    evolving the cognitive immune self

    2000  

    Author's details Irun R. Cohen
    Language English
    Size XX, 266 S. : graph. Darst.
    Publisher Academic Press
    Publishing place San Diego u.a.
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Book
    HBZ-ID HT011231792
    ISBN 0-12-178355-3 ; 978-0-12-178355-6
    Database Catalogue ZB MED Medicine, Health

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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Shelf markLoan statusLocation
    2000 A 514 order for loan Magazin

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  3. Article ; Online: Avraham Ben-Nun-Pioneer, fighter, friend.

    Cohen, Irun R / Wekerle, Hartmut

    European journal of immunology

    2019  Volume 49, Issue 4, Page(s) 521–522

    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-03-19
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 120108-6
    ISSN 1521-4141 ; 0014-2980
    ISSN (online) 1521-4141
    ISSN 0014-2980
    DOI 10.1002/eji.201970046
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Zs.A 489: Show issues Location:
    Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand)
    bis Jg. 1994: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular
    Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (1.OG)
    ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)
    Zs.MG 85: Show issues

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  4. Article: Updating Darwin: Information and entropy drive the evolution of life.

    Cohen, Irun R

    F1000Research

    2016  Volume 5, Page(s) 2808

    Abstract: The evolution of species, according to Darwin, is driven by struggle - by competition between variant autonomous individuals ... ...

    Abstract The evolution of species, according to Darwin, is driven by struggle - by competition between variant autonomous individuals for
    Language English
    Publishing date 2016-12-01
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2699932-8
    ISSN 2046-1402
    ISSN 2046-1402
    DOI 10.12688/f1000research.10289.1
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: The evolution of universal adaptations of life is driven by universal properties of matter: energy, entropy, and interaction.

    Cohen, Irun R / Marron, Assaf

    F1000Research

    2020  Volume 9, Page(s) 626

    Abstract: The evolution of multicellular eukaryotes expresses two sorts of adaptations: local adaptations like fur or feathers, which characterize species in particular environments, and universal adaptations like microbiomes or sexual reproduction, which ... ...

    Abstract The evolution of multicellular eukaryotes expresses two sorts of adaptations: local adaptations like fur or feathers, which characterize species in particular environments, and universal adaptations like microbiomes or sexual reproduction, which characterize most multicellulars in any environment. We reason that the mechanisms driving the universal adaptations of multicellulars should themselves be universal, and propose a mechanism based on properties of matter and systems:
    MeSH term(s) Adaptation, Biological ; Animals ; Entropy ; Humans ; Metabolic Networks and Pathways ; Microbiota ; Phenotype ; Reproduction
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-06-18
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2699932-8
    ISSN 2046-1402 ; 2046-1402
    ISSN (online) 2046-1402
    ISSN 2046-1402
    DOI 10.12688/f1000research.24447.3
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Book: Autoimmune disease models

    Cohen, Irun R.

    a guidebook

    1994  

    Author's details ed. by Irun R. Cohen
    Keywords Autoimmune Diseases ; Disease Models, Animal ; Mice ; Rats ; Autoaggressionskrankheit ; Tiermodell
    Subject Autoantikörperkrankheit ; Autoimmunkrankheit ; Autoimmunopathie ; Autoimmunerkrankung
    Language English
    Size XVIII, 329 S. : Ill.
    Publisher Acad. Press
    Publishing place San Diego u.a.
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Book
    HBZ-ID HT006541403
    ISBN 0-12-178330-8 ; 978-0-12-178330-3
    Database Catalogue ZB MED Medicine, Health

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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Shelf markLoan statusLocation
    1995 A 1305 order for loan Magazin

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  7. Article ; Online: The evolution of universal adaptations of life is driven by universal properties of matter

    Irun R. Cohen / Assaf Marron

    F1000Research, Vol

    energy, entropy, and interaction [version 2; peer review: 2 approved]

    2020  Volume 9

    Abstract: The evolution of multicellular eukaryotes expresses two sorts of adaptations: local adaptations like fur or feathers, which characterize species in particular environments, and universal adaptations like microbiomes or sexual reproduction, which ... ...

    Abstract The evolution of multicellular eukaryotes expresses two sorts of adaptations: local adaptations like fur or feathers, which characterize species in particular environments, and universal adaptations like microbiomes or sexual reproduction, which characterize most multicellulars in any environment. We reason that the mechanisms driving the universal adaptations of multicellulars should themselves be universal, and propose a mechanism based on properties of matter and systems: energy, entropy, and interaction. Energy from the sun, earth and beyond creates new arrangements and interactions. Metabolic networks channel some of this energy to form cooperating, interactive arrangements. Entropy, used here as a term for all forces that dismantle ordered structures (rather than as a physical quantity), acts as a selective force. Entropy selects for arrangements that resist it long enough to replicate, and dismantles those that do not. Interactions, energy-charged and dynamic, restrain entropy and enable survival and propagation of integrated living systems. This fosters survival-of-the-fitted – those entities that resist entropic destruction – and not only of the fittest – the entities with the greatest reproductive success. The “unit” of evolution is not a discrete entity, such as a gene, individual, or species; what evolves are collections of related interactions at multiple scales. Survival-of-the-fitted explains universal adaptations, including resident microbiomes, sexual reproduction, continuous diversification, programmed turnover, seemingly wasteful phenotypes, altruism, co-evolving environmental niches, and advancing complexity. Indeed survival-of-the-fittest may be a particular case of the survival-of-the-fitted mechanism, promoting local adaptations that express reproductive advantages in addition to resisting entropy. Survival-of-the-fitted accounts for phenomena that have been attributed to neutral evolution: in the face of entropy, there is no neutrality; all variations are challenged by ubiquitous energy ...
    Keywords Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
    Subject code 612
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-07-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher F1000 Research Ltd
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

    Full text online

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  8. Article ; Online: The evolution of universal adaptations of life is driven by universal properties of matter

    Irun R. Cohen / Assaf Marron

    F1000Research, Vol

    energy, entropy, and interaction [version 3; peer review: 3 approved]

    2020  Volume 9

    Abstract: The evolution of multicellular eukaryotes expresses two sorts of adaptations: local adaptations like fur or feathers, which characterize species in particular environments, and universal adaptations like microbiomes or sexual reproduction, which ... ...

    Abstract The evolution of multicellular eukaryotes expresses two sorts of adaptations: local adaptations like fur or feathers, which characterize species in particular environments, and universal adaptations like microbiomes or sexual reproduction, which characterize most multicellulars in any environment. We reason that the mechanisms driving the universal adaptations of multicellulars should themselves be universal, and propose a mechanism based on properties of matter and systems: energy, entropy, and interaction. Energy from the sun, earth and beyond creates new arrangements and interactions. Metabolic networks channel some of this energy to form cooperating, interactive arrangements. Entropy, used here as a term for all forces that dismantle ordered structures (rather than as a physical quantity), acts as a selective force. Entropy selects for arrangements that resist it long enough to replicate, and dismantles those that do not. Interactions, energy-charged and dynamic, restrain entropy and enable survival and propagation of integrated living systems. This fosters survival-of-the-fitted – those entities that resist entropic destruction – and not only of the fittest – the entities with the greatest reproductive success. The “unit” of evolution is not a discrete entity, such as a gene, individual, or species; what evolves are collections of related interactions at multiple scales. Survival-of-the-fitted explains universal adaptations, including resident microbiomes, sexual reproduction, continuous diversification, programmed turnover, seemingly wasteful phenotypes, altruism, co-evolving environmental niches, and advancing complexity. Indeed survival-of-the-fittest may be a particular case of the survival-of-the-fitted mechanism, promoting local adaptations that express reproductive advantages in addition to resisting entropy. Survival-of-the-fitted accounts for phenomena that have been attributed to neutral evolution: in the face of entropy, there is no neutrality; all variations are challenged by ubiquitous energy ...
    Keywords Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
    Subject code 612
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-09-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher F1000 Research Ltd
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  9. Book ; Online: Evolution is Driven by Natural Autoencoding

    Cohen, Irun R. / Marron, Assaf

    Reframing Species, Interaction Codes, Cooperation, and Sexual Reproduction

    2022  

    Abstract: The continuity of life and its evolution, we proposed, emerge from an interactive group process manifested in networks of interaction. We term this process \textit{survival-of-the-fitted}. Here, we reason that survival of the fitted results from a ... ...

    Abstract The continuity of life and its evolution, we proposed, emerge from an interactive group process manifested in networks of interaction. We term this process \textit{survival-of-the-fitted}. Here, we reason that survival of the fitted results from a natural computational process we term \textit{natural autoencoding}. Natural autoencoding works by retaining repeating biological interactions while non-repeatable interactions disappear. (1) We define a species by its \textit{species interaction code}, which consists of a compact description of the repeating interactions of species organisms with their external and internal environments. Species interaction codes are descriptions recorded in the biological infrastructure that enables repeating interactions. Encoding and decoding are interwoven. (2) Evolution proceeds by natural autoencoding of sustained changes in species interaction codes. DNA is only one element in natural autoencoding. (3) Natural autoencoding accounts for the paradox of genome randomization in sexual reproduction -- recombined genomes are analogous to the diversified inputs required for artificial autoencoding. The increase in entropy generated by genome randomization compensates for the decrease in entropy generated by organized life. (4) Natural autoencoding and artificial autoencoding algorithms manifest defined similarities and differences. Recognition of the importance of fittedness could well serve the future of a humanly livable biosphere.

    Comment: In version 7 we added various clarifications including to terminology, definitions, and to the reference to the second law of thermodynamics
    Keywords Computer Science - Neural and Evolutionary Computing
    Subject code 612
    Publishing date 2022-03-22
    Publishing country us
    Document type Book ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  10. Article: Immune Computation and COVID-19 Mortality: A Rationale for IVIg.

    Cohen, Irun R / Efroni, Sol / Atlan, Henri

    Critical reviews in immunology

    2021  Volume 40, Issue 3, Page(s) 195–203

    Abstract: COVID-19 infection tends to be more lethal in older persons than in the young; death results from an overactive inflammatory response, leading to cytokine storm and organ failure. Here we describe immune regulation of the inflammatory response phenotype ... ...

    Abstract COVID-19 infection tends to be more lethal in older persons than in the young; death results from an overactive inflammatory response, leading to cytokine storm and organ failure. Here we describe immune regulation of the inflammatory response phenotype as emerging from a process that is analogous to machine-learning algorithms used in computers. We briefly describe some strategic similarities between immune learning and computer machine learning. We reason that a balanced response to COVID-19 infection might be induced by treating the elderly patient with a wellness repertoire of antibodies obtained from healthy young people. We propose that a beneficial training set of such antibodies might be administered in the form of intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg).
    MeSH term(s) Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Algorithms ; COVID-19/mortality ; COVID-19/pathology ; COVID-19/therapy ; Cytokine Release Syndrome/mortality ; Cytokine Release Syndrome/therapy ; Humans ; Immunization, Passive/methods ; Immunoglobulins, Intravenous/therapeutic use ; Inflammation/pathology ; Inflammation/therapy ; Machine Learning ; SARS-CoV-2/immunology
    Chemical Substances Immunoglobulins, Intravenous
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-01-03
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1353116-5
    ISSN 1040-8401
    ISSN 1040-8401
    DOI 10.1615/CritRevImmunol.2020034784
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    Zs.A 1699: Show issues Location:
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