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  1. Article ; Online: Immunomodulating Effects of Fungal Beta-Glucans: From Traditional Use to Medicine.

    van Steenwijk, Hidde P / Bast, Aalt / de Boer, Alie

    Nutrients

    2021  Volume 13, Issue 4

    Abstract: The importance of a well-functioning and balanced immune system has become more apparent in recent decades. Various elements have however not yet been uncovered as shown, for example, in the uncertainty on immune system responses to COVID-19. Fungal beta- ...

    Abstract The importance of a well-functioning and balanced immune system has become more apparent in recent decades. Various elements have however not yet been uncovered as shown, for example, in the uncertainty on immune system responses to COVID-19. Fungal beta-glucans are bioactive molecules with immunomodulating properties. Insights into the effects and function of beta-glucans, which have been used in traditional Chinese medicine for centuries, advances with the help of modern immunological and biotechnological methods. However, it is still unclear into which area beta-glucans fit best: supplements or medicine? This review has highlighted the potential application of fungal beta-glucans in nutrition and medicine, reviewing their formulation, efficacy, safety profile, and immunomodulating effects. The current status of dietary fungal glucans with respect to the European scientific requirements for health claims related to the immune system and defense against pathogens has been reviewed. Comparing the evidence base of the putative health effects of fungal beta-glucan supplements with the published guidance documents by EFSA on substantiating immune stimulation and pathogen defense by food products shows that fungal beta-glucans could play a role in supporting and maintaining health and, thus, can be seen as a good health-promoting substance from food, which could mean that this effect may also be claimed if approved. In addition to these developments related to food uses of beta-glucan-containing supplements, beta-glucans could also hold a novel position in Western medicine as the concept of trained immunity is relatively new and has not been investigated to a large extent. These innovative concepts, together with the emerging success of modern immunological and biotechnological methods, suggest that fungal glucans may play a promising role in both perspectives, and that there are possibilities for traditional medicine to provide an immunological application in both medicine and nutrition.
    MeSH term(s) Adolescent ; Adult ; Agaricales/chemistry ; Aged ; Animals ; COVID-19/therapy ; Diet ; Dietary Supplements ; Female ; Fungal Polysaccharides/administration & dosage ; Fungal Polysaccharides/chemistry ; Fungal Polysaccharides/immunology ; Fungi/chemistry ; Fungi/immunology ; Humans ; Immune System/drug effects ; Immunity/drug effects ; Immunomodulation ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pleurotus/chemistry ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae/chemistry ; Young Adult ; beta-Glucans/administration & dosage ; beta-Glucans/chemistry ; beta-Glucans/immunology
    Chemical Substances Fungal Polysaccharides ; beta-Glucans
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-04-17
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2518386-2
    ISSN 2072-6643 ; 2072-6643
    ISSN (online) 2072-6643
    ISSN 2072-6643
    DOI 10.3390/nu13041333
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Immunomodulating Effects of Fungal Beta-Glucans

    Hidde P. van Steenwijk / Aalt Bast / Alie de Boer

    Nutrients, Vol 13, Iss 1333, p

    From Traditional Use to Medicine

    2021  Volume 1333

    Abstract: The importance of a well-functioning and balanced immune system has become more apparent in recent decades. Various elements have however not yet been uncovered as shown, for example, in the uncertainty on immune system responses to COVID-19. Fungal beta- ...

    Abstract The importance of a well-functioning and balanced immune system has become more apparent in recent decades. Various elements have however not yet been uncovered as shown, for example, in the uncertainty on immune system responses to COVID-19. Fungal beta-glucans are bioactive molecules with immunomodulating properties. Insights into the effects and function of beta-glucans, which have been used in traditional Chinese medicine for centuries, advances with the help of modern immunological and biotechnological methods. However, it is still unclear into which area beta-glucans fit best: supplements or medicine? This review has highlighted the potential application of fungal beta-glucans in nutrition and medicine, reviewing their formulation, efficacy, safety profile, and immunomodulating effects. The current status of dietary fungal glucans with respect to the European scientific requirements for health claims related to the immune system and defense against pathogens has been reviewed. Comparing the evidence base of the putative health effects of fungal beta-glucan supplements with the published guidance documents by EFSA on substantiating immune stimulation and pathogen defense by food products shows that fungal beta-glucans could play a role in supporting and maintaining health and, thus, can be seen as a good health-promoting substance from food, which could mean that this effect may also be claimed if approved. In addition to these developments related to food uses of beta-glucan-containing supplements, beta-glucans could also hold a novel position in Western medicine as the concept of trained immunity is relatively new and has not been investigated to a large extent. These innovative concepts, together with the emerging success of modern immunological and biotechnological methods, suggest that fungal glucans may play a promising role in both perspectives, and that there are possibilities for traditional medicine to provide an immunological application in both medicine and nutrition.
    Keywords mushrooms ; immunomodulation ; nutrition ; dietary supplement ; health claims ; medicine ; Nutrition. Foods and food supply ; TX341-641
    Subject code 360
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-04-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher MDPI AG
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  3. Article ; Online: The Role of Circulating Lycopene in Low-Grade Chronic Inflammation: A Systematic Review of the Literature.

    van Steenwijk, Hidde P / Bast, Aalt / de Boer, Alie

    Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)

    2020  Volume 25, Issue 19

    Abstract: Background and aims: In recent years, it has become clear that low-grade chronic inflammation is involved in the onset and progression of many non-communicable diseases. Many studies have investigated the association between inflammation and lycopene, ... ...

    Abstract Background and aims: In recent years, it has become clear that low-grade chronic inflammation is involved in the onset and progression of many non-communicable diseases. Many studies have investigated the association between inflammation and lycopene, however, results have been inconsistent. This systematic review aims to determine the impact of circulating lycopene on inflammation and to investigate the effect of consuming tomato products and/or lycopene supplements on markers of inflammation.
    Methods: Eligible studies, published before March 2020, were identified from PubMed, EBSCOhost and ScienceDirect. Human studies published in English, that evaluated the effect of circulating lycopene in relation to inflammation biomarkers were screened and included. Studies assessing lycopene intake or general intake of carotenoids/antioxidants without measuring circulating lycopene, as well as those not reporting inflammation biomarkers as outcomes, were excluded.
    Results: Out of 80 publications identified and screened, 35 met the inclusion criteria. Results from 18 cross-sectional studies suggest that lycopene levels are adversely affected during inflammation and homeostatic imbalance. Most of the 17 included intervention studies reported increased circulating lycopene levels after tomato/lycopene supplementation, but almost no changes in inflammation biomarkers were observed.
    Conclusions: There is little evidence that increasing tomato intake or lycopene supplementation diminuates this inflammation. However, depletion of lycopene may be one of the first signs of low-grade inflammation. The available data thereby imply that it is beneficial to consume lycopene-rich foods occasionally to stay healthy and keep circulating lycopene at a basal level.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Anti-Inflammatory Agents/blood ; Anti-Inflammatory Agents/metabolism ; Chronic Disease ; Humans ; Inflammation/blood ; Lycopene/blood ; Lycopene/metabolism
    Chemical Substances Anti-Inflammatory Agents ; Lycopene (SB0N2N0WV6)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-09-23
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Systematic Review
    ZDB-ID 1413402-0
    ISSN 1420-3049 ; 1431-5165 ; 1420-3049
    ISSN (online) 1420-3049
    ISSN 1431-5165 ; 1420-3049
    DOI 10.3390/molecules25194378
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article: Sulforaphane as a potential modifier of calorie-induced inflammation: a double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover trial.

    van Steenwijk, Hidde P / Vinken, Anna / van Osch, Frits H M / Peppelenbos, Herman / Troost, Freddy J / Bast, Aalt / Semen, Khrystyna O / de Boer, Alie

    Frontiers in nutrition

    2023  Volume 10, Page(s) 1245355

    Abstract: Background and aims: Observational data indicate that diets rich in fruits and vegetables have a positive effect on inflammatory status, improve metabolic resilience and may protect against the development of non-communicable diseases. Nevertheless, ... ...

    Abstract Background and aims: Observational data indicate that diets rich in fruits and vegetables have a positive effect on inflammatory status, improve metabolic resilience and may protect against the development of non-communicable diseases. Nevertheless, experimental evidence demonstrating a causal relationship between nutrient intake (especially whole foods) and changes in metabolic health is scarce. This study investigated the pleiotropic effects of sulforaphane from broccoli sprouts, compared to pea sprouts, on biomarkers of endothelial function, inflammation and metabolic stress in healthy participants subjected to a standardized caloric challenge.
    Methods: In this double-blind, crossover, randomized, placebo-controlled trial 12 healthy participants were administered 16 g broccoli sprouts, or pea sprouts (placebo) followed by the standardized high-caloric drink PhenFlex given to disturb healthy homeostasis. Levels of inflammatory biomarkers and metabolic parameters were measured in plasma before and 2 h after the caloric overload.
    Results: Administration of broccoli sprouts promoted an increase in levels of CCL-2 induced by caloric load (
    Conclusion: This study has demonstrated that sulforaphane facilitated development of a mild pro-inflammatory state during the caloric challenge, which could be suggestive of the onset of the hormetic response induced by this phytonutrient. The use of integrative outcomes measures such as the systemic low-grade inflammation score can be viewed as a more robust approach to study the subtle and pleiotropic effects of phytonutrients.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-11-28
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2776676-7
    ISSN 2296-861X
    ISSN 2296-861X
    DOI 10.3389/fnut.2023.1245355
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: The Role of Circulating Lycopene in Low-Grade Chronic Inflammation

    Hidde P. van Steenwijk / Aalt Bast / Alie de Boer

    Molecules, Vol 25, Iss 4378, p

    A Systematic Review of the Literature

    2020  Volume 4378

    Abstract: Background and aims: In recent years, it has become clear that low-grade chronic inflammation is involved in the onset and progression of many non-communicable diseases. Many studies have investigated the association between inflammation and lycopene, ... ...

    Abstract Background and aims: In recent years, it has become clear that low-grade chronic inflammation is involved in the onset and progression of many non-communicable diseases. Many studies have investigated the association between inflammation and lycopene, however, results have been inconsistent. This systematic review aims to determine the impact of circulating lycopene on inflammation and to investigate the effect of consuming tomato products and/or lycopene supplements on markers of inflammation. Methods: Eligible studies, published before March 2020, were identified from PubMed, EBSCOhost and ScienceDirect. Human studies published in English, that evaluated the effect of circulating lycopene in relation to inflammation biomarkers were screened and included. Studies assessing lycopene intake or general intake of carotenoids/antioxidants without measuring circulating lycopene, as well as those not reporting inflammation biomarkers as outcomes, were excluded. Results: Out of 80 publications identified and screened, 35 met the inclusion criteria. Results from 18 cross-sectional studies suggest that lycopene levels are adversely affected during inflammation and homeostatic imbalance. Most of the 17 included intervention studies reported increased circulating lycopene levels after tomato/lycopene supplementation, but almost no changes in inflammation biomarkers were observed. Conclusions: There is little evidence that increasing tomato intake or lycopene supplementation diminuates this inflammation. However, depletion of lycopene may be one of the first signs of low-grade inflammation. The available data thereby imply that it is beneficial to consume lycopene-rich foods occasionally to stay healthy and keep circulating lycopene at a basal level.
    Keywords Keywords: tomato ; carotenoids ; phytochemicals ; bioactive ; nutrition ; antioxidant paradox ; Organic chemistry ; QD241-441
    Subject code 306
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-09-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher MDPI AG
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

    Full text online

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  6. Article: The beneficial effect of sulforaphane on platelet responsiveness during caloric load: a single-intake, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover trial in healthy participants.

    van Steenwijk, Hidde P / Winter, Evi / Knaven, Edward / Brouwers, Jos F / van Baardwijk, Myrthe / van Dalum, Jasper B / Luijendijk, Teus J C / van Osch, Frits H M / Troost, Freddy J / Bast, Aalt / Semen, Khrystyna O / de Boer, Alie

    Frontiers in nutrition

    2023  Volume 10, Page(s) 1204561

    Abstract: Background and aims: As our understanding of platelet activation in response to infections and/or inflammatory conditions is growing, it is becoming clearer that safe, yet efficacious, platelet-targeted phytochemicals could improve public health beyond ... ...

    Abstract Background and aims: As our understanding of platelet activation in response to infections and/or inflammatory conditions is growing, it is becoming clearer that safe, yet efficacious, platelet-targeted phytochemicals could improve public health beyond the field of cardiovascular diseases. The phytonutrient sulforaphane shows promise for clinical use due to its effect on inflammatory pathways, favorable pharmacokinetic profile, and high bioavailability. The potential of sulforaphane to improve platelet functionality in impaired metabolic processes has however hardly been studied in humans. This study investigated the effects of broccoli sprout consumption, as a source of sulforaphane, on urinary 11-dehydro-thromboxane B
    Methods: In this double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover trial 12 healthy participants were administered 16g of broccoli sprouts, or pea sprouts (placebo) followed by the standardized high-caloric drink PhenFlex given to challenge healthy homeostasis. Urine samples were collected during the study visits and analyzed for 11-dehydro-TXB
    Results: Administration of broccoli sprouts before the caloric load reduced urinary 11-dehydro-TXB
    Conclusion: Sulforaphane was shown to be effective in targeting platelet responsiveness after a single intake. Our results indicate an inverse causal relationship between sulforaphane and 11-dehydro-TXB
    Clinical trial registration: [https://clinicaltrials.gov/], identifier [NCT05146804].
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-07-06
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2776676-7
    ISSN 2296-861X
    ISSN 2296-861X
    DOI 10.3389/fnut.2023.1204561
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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