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  1. Book ; Online: Infection-Related Immune-Mediated Diseases and Microbiota

    Lee, Kyung-Yil / Hamada, Hiromichi / Kaleva Arvonen, Miika

    2020  

    Keywords Medicine ; Paediatric medicine ; microbiota ; Kawasaki disease ; juvenile idiopathic arthritis ; Hirschsprung's disease ; etiology ; epidemiology ; pathogenesis ; multiple-drug resistant Staphylococcus aureus
    Size 1 electronic resource (78 pages)
    Publisher Frontiers Media SA
    Document type Book ; Online
    Note English ; Open Access
    HBZ-ID HT021229986
    ISBN 9782889637447 ; 2889637441
    Database ZB MED Catalogue: Medicine, Health, Nutrition, Environment, Agriculture

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  2. Article: Common immunopathogenesis of central nervous system diseases: the protein-homeostasis-system hypothesis.

    Lee, Kyung-Yil

    Cell & bioscience

    2022  Volume 12, Issue 1, Page(s) 184

    Abstract: There are hundreds of central nervous system (CNS) diseases, but there are few diseases for which the etiology or pathogenesis is understood as well as those of other organ-specific diseases. Cells in the CNS are selectively protected from external and ... ...

    Abstract There are hundreds of central nervous system (CNS) diseases, but there are few diseases for which the etiology or pathogenesis is understood as well as those of other organ-specific diseases. Cells in the CNS are selectively protected from external and internal insults by the blood-brain barrier. Thus, the neuroimmune system, including microglia and immune proteins, might control external or internal insults that the adaptive immune system cannot control or mitigate. The pathologic findings differ by disease and show a state of inflammation that reflects the relationship between etiological or inflammation-inducing substances and corresponding immune reactions. Current immunological concepts about infectious diseases and infection-associated immune-mediated diseases, including those in the CNS, can only partly explain the pathophysiology of disease because they are based on the idea that host cell injury is caused by pathogens. Because every disease involves etiological or triggering substances for disease-onset, the protein-homeostasis-system (PHS) hypothesis proposes that the immune systems in the host control those substances according to the size and biochemical properties of the substances. In this article, I propose a common immunopathogenesis of CNS diseases, including prion diseases, Alzheimer's disease, and genetic diseases, through the PHS hypothesis.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-11-16
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2593367-X
    ISSN 2045-3701
    ISSN 2045-3701
    DOI 10.1186/s13578-022-00920-5
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Are alternative antibiotics needed for antibiotic-nonresponsive Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia?

    Yang, Eun-Ae / Lee, Kyung-Yil

    Clinical and experimental pediatrics

    2020  Volume 63, Issue 2, Page(s) 44–45

    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-02-15
    Publishing country Korea (South)
    Document type Editorial
    ISSN 2713-4148
    ISSN (online) 2713-4148
    DOI 10.3345/kjp.2019.00332
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article: The solution on enigmas in COVID-19: the protein-homeostasis-system hypothesis

    Lee, Kyung-Yil

    J Korean Med Assoc

    Abstract: Infectious diseases, including coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), are representative, of which etiology is known in all human diseases However, many enigmas persist in relation to COVID-19, including different clinical phenotypes and incubation periods ...

    Abstract Infectious diseases, including coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), are representative, of which etiology is known in all human diseases However, many enigmas persist in relation to COVID-19, including different clinical phenotypes and incubation periods across individuals, species-specificity, appearance of cytokine storm and lymphopenia, and the mechanism of damage to organ cells Current immunological concepts have limitations to explain these unsolved issues Meanwhile, results of clinical, pathological, and animal studies have suggested that the virus itself is not a direct cause of acute injury to the lung or other organ cells For better understanding of COVID-19, a presumed immunopathogenesis of COVID-19 is presented under the protein-homeostasis-system hypothesis;every disease, including COVID-19, has associated etiological substances, and the host immune system controls these diverse substances according to the size and biochemical property These etiological substances, inducing inflammation and subsequent tissue injury, are smaller substances derived from virus-infected cells Initially acting nonspecific adaptive immune reaction with cytokine imbalance may be responsible for target cell injury Furthermore, substances from initial target cell injury and secondary bacterial invasion can induce further inflammation if released from local or systemic circulation COVID-19 patients with pneumonia show hypercytokinemia with lymphocytopenia corresponding to the severity of pneumonia at early stages Thus, early immune-modulator treatment, including corticosteroids and intravenous immunoglobulin, has an immunological rationale It could help reduce the morbidity and possibly mortality of older patients with underlying conditions
    Keywords covid19
    Publisher WHO
    Document type Article
    Note WHO #Covidence: #678323
    Database COVID19

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  5. Article ; Online: Pneumonia, Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome, and Early Immune-Modulator Therapy.

    Lee, Kyung-Yil

    International journal of molecular sciences

    2017  Volume 18, Issue 2

    Abstract: Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is caused by infectious insults, such as pneumonia from various pathogens or related to other noninfectious events. Clinical and histopathologic characteristics are similar across severely affected patients, ... ...

    Abstract Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is caused by infectious insults, such as pneumonia from various pathogens or related to other noninfectious events. Clinical and histopathologic characteristics are similar across severely affected patients, suggesting that a common mode of immune reaction may be involved in the immunopathogenesis of ARDS. There may be etiologic substances that have an affinity for respiratory cells and induce lung cell injury in cases of ARDS. These substances originate not only from pathogens, but also from injured host cells. At the molecular level, these substances have various sizes and biochemical characteristics, classifying them as protein substances and non-protein substances. Immune cells and immune proteins may recognize and act on these substances, including pathogenic proteins and peptides, depending upon the size and biochemical properties of the substances (this theory is known as the protein-homeostasis-system hypothesis). The severity or chronicity of ARDS depends on the amount of etiologic substances with corresponding immune reactions, the duration of the appearance of specific immune cells, or the repertoire of specific immune cells that control the substances. Therefore, treatment with early systemic immune modulators (corticosteroids and/or intravenous immunoglobulin) as soon as possible may reduce aberrant immune responses in the potential stage of ARDS.
    MeSH term(s) Adrenal Cortex Hormones/administration & dosage ; Adrenal Cortex Hormones/therapeutic use ; Humans ; Immunoglobulins, Intravenous/therapeutic use ; Immunologic Factors/pharmacology ; Immunologic Factors/therapeutic use ; Pneumonia/diagnosis ; Pneumonia/drug therapy ; Pneumonia/etiology ; Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Adult/diagnosis ; Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Adult/drug therapy ; Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Adult/etiology ; Time-to-Treatment ; Treatment Outcome
    Chemical Substances Adrenal Cortex Hormones ; Immunoglobulins, Intravenous ; Immunologic Factors
    Keywords covid19
    Language English
    Publishing date 2017-02-11
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2019364-6
    ISSN 1422-0067 ; 1422-0067 ; 1661-6596
    ISSN (online) 1422-0067
    ISSN 1422-0067 ; 1661-6596
    DOI 10.3390/ijms18020388
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article: A unified pathogenesis for kidney diseases, including genetic diseases and cancers, by the protein-homeostasis-system hypothesis.

    Lee, Kyung-Yil

    Kidney research and clinical practice

    2017  Volume 36, Issue 2, Page(s) 132–144

    Abstract: Every cell of an organism is separated and protected by a cell membrane. It is proposed that harmony between intercellular communication and the health of an organism is controlled by a system, designated the protein-homeostasis-system (PHS). Kidneys ... ...

    Abstract Every cell of an organism is separated and protected by a cell membrane. It is proposed that harmony between intercellular communication and the health of an organism is controlled by a system, designated the protein-homeostasis-system (PHS). Kidneys consist of a variety of types of renal cells, each with its own characteristic cell-receptor interactions and producing characteristic proteins. A functional union of these renal cells can be determined by various renal function tests, and harmonious intercellular communication is essential for the healthy state of the host. Injury to a kind of renal cells can impair renal function and induce an imbalance in total body health. Every acute or chronic renal disease has unknown etiologic substances that are responsible for renal cell injury at the molecular level. The immune/repair system of the host should control the etiologic substances acting against renal cells; if this system fails, the disease progresses to end stage renal disease. Each renal disease has its characteristic pathologic lesions where immune cells and immune proteins, such as immunoglobulins and complements, are infiltrated. These immune cells and immune proteins may control the etiologic substances involved in renal pathologic lesions. Also, genetic renal diseases and cancers may originate from a protein deficiency or malfunctioning protein under the PHS. A unified pathogenesis for renal diseases, including acute glomerulonephritis, idiopathic nephrotic syndrome, immunoglobulin A nephropathy, genetic renal diseases such as Alport syndrome, and malignancies such as Wilms tumor and renal cell carcinoma, is proposed using the PHS hypothesis.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2017-06-30
    Publishing country Korea (South)
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2656420-8
    ISSN 2211-9132
    ISSN 2211-9132
    DOI 10.23876/j.krcp.2017.36.2.132
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article: Editorial: Infection-Related Immune-Mediated Diseases and Microbiota.

    Lee, Kyung-Yil / Hamada, Hiromichi / Arvonen, Miika

    Frontiers in pediatrics

    2020  Volume 8, Page(s) 108

    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-04-07
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Editorial
    ZDB-ID 2711999-3
    ISSN 2296-2360
    ISSN 2296-2360
    DOI 10.3389/fped.2020.00108
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article ; Online: Pneumonia, Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome, and Early Immune-Modulator Therapy

    Kyung-Yil Lee

    International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Vol 18, Iss 2, p

    2017  Volume 388

    Abstract: Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is caused by infectious insults, such as pneumonia from various pathogens or related to other noninfectious events. Clinical and histopathologic characteristics are similar across severely affected patients, ... ...

    Abstract Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is caused by infectious insults, such as pneumonia from various pathogens or related to other noninfectious events. Clinical and histopathologic characteristics are similar across severely affected patients, suggesting that a common mode of immune reaction may be involved in the immunopathogenesis of ARDS. There may be etiologic substances that have an affinity for respiratory cells and induce lung cell injury in cases of ARDS. These substances originate not only from pathogens, but also from injured host cells. At the molecular level, these substances have various sizes and biochemical characteristics, classifying them as protein substances and non-protein substances. Immune cells and immune proteins may recognize and act on these substances, including pathogenic proteins and peptides, depending upon the size and biochemical properties of the substances (this theory is known as the protein-homeostasis-system hypothesis). The severity or chronicity of ARDS depends on the amount of etiologic substances with corresponding immune reactions, the duration of the appearance of specific immune cells, or the repertoire of specific immune cells that control the substances. Therefore, treatment with early systemic immune modulators (corticosteroids and/or intravenous immunoglobulin) as soon as possible may reduce aberrant immune responses in the potential stage of ARDS.
    Keywords pneumonia ; acute respiratory distress syndrome ; pathogenesis ; protein-homeostasis-system ; corticosteroid ; intravenous immunoglobulin ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5 ; Chemistry ; QD1-999
    Subject code 570
    Language English
    Publishing date 2017-02-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher MDPI AG
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

    Full text online

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  9. Article ; Online: A unified pathogenesis for kidney diseases, including genetic diseases and cancers, by the protein-homeostasis-system hypothesis

    Kyung-Yil Lee

    Kidney Research and Clinical Practice, Vol 36, Iss 2, Pp 132-

    2017  Volume 144

    Abstract: Every cell of an organism is separated and protected by a cell membrane. It is proposed that harmony between intercellular communication and the health of an organism is controlled by a system, designated the protein-homeostasis-system (PHS). Kidneys ... ...

    Abstract Every cell of an organism is separated and protected by a cell membrane. It is proposed that harmony between intercellular communication and the health of an organism is controlled by a system, designated the protein-homeostasis-system (PHS). Kidneys consist of a variety of types of renal cells, each with its own characteristic cell-receptor interactions and producing characteristic proteins. A functional union of these renal cells can be determined by various renal function tests, and harmonious intercellular communication is essential for the healthy state of the host. Injury to a kind of renal cells can impair renal function and induce an imbalance in total body health. Every acute or chronic renal disease has unknown etiologic substances that are responsible for renal cell injury at the molecular level. The immune/repair system of the host should control the etiologic substances acting against renal cells; if this system fails, the disease progresses to end stage renal disease. Each renal disease has its characteristic pathologic lesions where immune cells and immune proteins, such as immunoglobulins and complements, are infiltrated. These immune cells and immune proteins may control the etiologic substances involved in renal pathologic lesions. Also, genetic renal diseases and cancers may originate from a protein deficiency or malfunctioning protein under the PHS. A unified pathogenesis for renal diseases, including acute glomerulonephritis, idiopathic nephrotic syndrome, immunoglobulin A nephropathy, genetic renal diseases such as Alport syndrome, and malignancies such as Wilms tumor and renal cell carcinoma, is proposed using the PHS hypothesis.
    Keywords Acute glomerulonephritis ; Alport syndrome ; Idiopathic nephrotic syndrome ; IgA nephropathy ; Renal cell carcinoma ; Wilms tumor ; Internal medicine ; RC31-1245 ; Specialties of internal medicine ; RC581-951
    Subject code 616
    Language English
    Publishing date 2017-06-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher The Korean Society of Nephrology
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

    Full text online

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  10. Article ; Online: Early preemptive immunomodulators (corticosteroids) for severe pneumonia patients infected with SARS-CoV-2.

    Lee, Kyung-Yil / Rhim, Jung-Woo / Kang, Jin-Han

    Clinical and experimental pediatrics

    2020  Volume 63, Issue 4, Page(s) 117–118

    Keywords covid19
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-04-08
    Publishing country Korea (South)
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2713-4148
    ISSN (online) 2713-4148
    DOI 10.3345/cep.2020.00290
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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