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  1. Article ; Online: Traditional fermented milks of Eastern Mediterranean countries: A cultural heritage to preserve

    Abi Khalil, Reine / Yvon, Sophie / Couderc, Christel / Jard, Gwenaelle / El Rammouz, Rabih / Abi Nakhoul, Pierre / Eutamène, Hélène / Ayoub, Marie-José / Tormo, Hélène

    International Dairy Journal. 2023 Aug. 04, p.105768-

    2023  , Page(s) 105768–

    Abstract: Fermented milk plays an important role in the diet of many populations around the world, particularly those of the Eastern Mediterranean countries where its consumption contributes to the populations' food security and welfare. This review explores 12 ... ...

    Abstract Fermented milk plays an important role in the diet of many populations around the world, particularly those of the Eastern Mediterranean countries where its consumption contributes to the populations' food security and welfare. This review explores 12 examples of traditional fermented milk from countries bordering the Eastern Mediterranean Sea. Each product has unique physicochemical, microbiological, and sensory characteristics, but they also share commonalities. They can be classified into four groups mainly based on the presence or not of a draining step or mixing with other raw materials (cereals). Lactobacilli are the dominant identified genera. Moreover, fermented milk can be considered as a source of probiotics and prebiotics, offering health benefits. This work aims to preserve these special food products. Encouraging studies on microbial populations, fermentation, flavour development, sanitary and health qualities of these milks is essential. Increasing such knowledge will help better understand and appreciate culturally significant fermented milk products.
    Keywords Lactobacillus ; cultural heritage ; fermentation ; fermented milk ; flavor ; food security ; milk ; prebiotics ; probiotics ; Mediterranean Sea
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2023-0804
    Publishing place Elsevier Ltd
    Document type Article ; Online
    Note Pre-press version
    ZDB-ID 1076400-8
    ISSN 0958-6946
    ISSN 0958-6946
    DOI 10.1016/j.idairyj.2023.105768
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  2. Article: Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Willingness to Consume Insect-Based Food Products in Catalonia.

    Khalil, Reine / Kallas, Zein / Haddarah, Amira / El Omar, Fawaz / Pujolà, Montserrat

    Foods (Basel, Switzerland)

    2021  Volume 10, Issue 4

    Abstract: Edible insects are being considered as a sustainable source of protein and are continuously appearing in markets in the West. The impact of COVID-19 on the willingness to consume (WTC) two products enriched with insect ingredients, jam and yogurt, was ... ...

    Abstract Edible insects are being considered as a sustainable source of protein and are continuously appearing in markets in the West. The impact of COVID-19 on the willingness to consume (WTC) two products enriched with insect ingredients, jam and yogurt, was analyzed. A semistructured questionnaire was applied using the Qualtrics© consumer panel. Data was collected from 799 and 481 consumers before and during the COVID-19 lockdown in Catalonia (Spain), respectively. The multinomial logit (MNL) model was used to analyze the determinant factors affecting consumers' WTC insect-based products and the impact of COVID-19 on such heterogeneity. Results showed that the outbreak of COVID-19 caused a significant decrease in the WTC. Findings also revealed that consumers who contracted the COVID-19, strictly followed the regulations during the confinement, and are well informed about symptoms were more likely to reject the consumption of the insect-based products. Both before and during the lockdown, results showed that young and employed consumers, with low-income level, who give importance to the environmental attribute in food are prone to consume insect-based food products. The COVID-19 outbreak had a homogenizing impact on consumers' WTC with respect to the gender variable. Consumers' affirmation towards strict food safety standards of the insect-based products should be remarked.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-04-08
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2704223-6
    ISSN 2304-8158
    ISSN 2304-8158
    DOI 10.3390/foods10040805
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article: Microbial Dynamics during labneh Ambaris Production in Earthenware Jars.

    Abi Khalil, Reine / Couderc, Christel / Yvon, Sophie / Sicard, Delphine / Bigey, Frédéric / Jard, Gwenaelle / El Rammouz, Rabih / Abi Nakhoul, Pierre / Eutamène, Hélène / Ayoub, Marie-José / Tormo, Hélène

    Foods (Basel, Switzerland)

    2023  Volume 12, Issue 16

    Abstract: The responses of various microbial populations to modifications in the physicochemical properties of a food matrix, as well as interactions between these populations already present, are the main factors that shape microbial dynamics in that matrix. This ...

    Abstract The responses of various microbial populations to modifications in the physicochemical properties of a food matrix, as well as interactions between these populations already present, are the main factors that shape microbial dynamics in that matrix. This work focused on the study of microbial dynamics during labneh Ambaris production, a traditional Lebanese concentrated fermented goat milk made in jars during 3 months. This was assessed in two earthenware jars at a production facility. DNA metabarcoding of the ITS2 region as well as the V3-V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene was used to characterize the fungal and bacterial communities, respectively. Viable bacterial isolates were also identified by Sanger sequencing of the V1-V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene. Our results showed that the dominant microorganisms identified within labneh Ambaris (
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-08-21
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2704223-6
    ISSN 2304-8158
    ISSN 2304-8158
    DOI 10.3390/foods12163131
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article: Factors predictive of anti-spike antibody titers after COVID-19 vaccination in hemodialysis patients.

    Aoun, Mabel / Kahwaji, Reine-Marie / Sleilaty, Ghassan / Boueri, Celine / Hawi, Jenny / Khalil, Christelle Bou / Hage, Valerie

    Advances in clinical and experimental medicine : official organ Wroclaw Medical University

    2022  Volume 31, Issue 8, Page(s) 855–861

    Abstract: Background: Hemodialysis (HD) patients have a high prevalence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection and mortality, but they may have a weak response to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines.: Objectives: ... ...

    Abstract Background: Hemodialysis (HD) patients have a high prevalence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection and mortality, but they may have a weak response to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines.
    Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate factors predictive of humoral response in HD patients vaccinated against SARS-CoV-2 infection.
    Material and methods: This is a 2-center observational study including HD patients who received the BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine followed by serological measurements 20 days and 4 weeks after the 1st and 2nd dose, respectively. Healthy controls were included. Anti-spike antibody was measured using the chemiluminescent immunoassay (CLIA) method. The quantile regression analysis was performed to assess factors associated with anti-spike antibody titers.
    Results: Seventy-two HD patients and 22 healthy controls were included. Mean age of dialysis patients and controls was 72.5 ±11.5 years and 45.7 ±17.4 years, respectively. In the HD group, median levels of anti-spike antibody were 3 (interquartile range (IQR): 0.5-26) UI/mL and 391 (IQR: 55-1642) UI/mL after the 1st and 2nd dose, respectively, with response rates of 62.5% and 96.7%. The median level of the anti-spike antibody after the 1st dose in previously infected patients was 8571 (IQR: 2586-19147) UI/mL. There was a significant correlation between anti-spike antibody levels after the 2nd dose and age and anti-hepatitis B surface (HBs) antibody and serum albumin levels (Spearman's rho: r = -0.289, p < 0.001; r = 0.357, p = 0.027; r = 0.317; p = 0.026, respectively). The regression analysis showed a significant association of previous infection and anti-Hbs antibody level with anti-spike antibody level after the 1st dose of vaccine (p < 0.001). After a 5-month follow-up, 2 vaccinated patients contracted COVID-19.
    Conclusions: This study showed a response rate of 96.7% to 2 doses of BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine in HD patients and 100% to a single dose in previously infected patients. The level of anti-spike antibody can be predicted by age, anti-Hbs antibodies, serum albumin, and previous infection. Despite the immunization of patients, preventive measures should be maintained in all dialysis units.
    MeSH term(s) Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Antibodies, Viral ; BNT162 Vaccine ; COVID-19/prevention & control ; COVID-19 Vaccines/adverse effects ; Hepatitis B Antibodies ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Renal Dialysis/adverse effects ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Serum Albumin ; Vaccination ; Vaccines, Synthetic ; mRNA Vaccines
    Chemical Substances Antibodies, Viral ; COVID-19 Vaccines ; Hepatitis B Antibodies ; Serum Albumin ; Vaccines, Synthetic ; mRNA Vaccines ; BNT162 Vaccine (N38TVC63NU)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-04-19
    Publishing country Poland
    Document type Journal Article ; Observational Study
    ZDB-ID 2270257-X
    ISSN 1899-5276 ; 1230-025X
    ISSN 1899-5276 ; 1230-025X
    DOI 10.17219/acem/147360
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Microbial Dynamics during labneh Ambaris Production in Earthenware Jars

    Abi Khalil, Reine / Couderc, Christel / Yvon, Sophie / Sicard, Delphine / Bigey, Frédéric / Jard, Gwenaelle / El Rammouz, Rabih / Abi Nakhoul, Pierre / Eutamène, Hélène / Ayoub, Marie-José / Tormo, Hélène

    Foods. 2023 Aug. 21, v. 12, no. 16

    2023  

    Abstract: The responses of various microbial populations to modifications in the physicochemical properties of a food matrix, as well as interactions between these populations already present, are the main factors that shape microbial dynamics in that matrix. This ...

    Abstract The responses of various microbial populations to modifications in the physicochemical properties of a food matrix, as well as interactions between these populations already present, are the main factors that shape microbial dynamics in that matrix. This work focused on the study of microbial dynamics during labneh Ambaris production, a traditional Lebanese concentrated fermented goat milk made in jars during 3 months. This was assessed in two earthenware jars at a production facility. DNA metabarcoding of the ITS2 region as well as the V3–V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene was used to characterize the fungal and bacterial communities, respectively. Viable bacterial isolates were also identified by Sanger sequencing of the V1–V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene. Our results showed that the dominant microorganisms identified within labneh Ambaris (Lactobacillus kefiranofaciens, Lentilactobacillus kefiri, Lactococcus lactis, Geotrichum candidum, Pichia kudriavzevii and Starmerella sp.) settle early in the product and remain until the end of maturation with varying abundances throughout fermentation. Microbial counts increased during early fermentation stage, and remained stable during mid-fermentation, then declined during maturation. While microbial compositions were globally comparable between the two jars during mid-fermentation and maturation stages, differences between the two jars were mainly detected during early fermentation stage (D0 until D10). No significant sensorial differences were observed between the final products made in the two jars. Neither coliforms nor Enterobacteriaceae were detected in their viable state, starting D7 in both jars, suggesting the antimicrobial properties of the product.
    Keywords DNA barcoding ; Enterobacteriaceae ; Geotrichum candidum ; Lactobacillus ; Lactococcus lactis ; Pichia kudriavzevii ; Starmerella ; fermentation ; food matrix ; fungi ; genes ; goat milk ; Lebanon
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2023-0821
    Publishing place Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Document type Article ; Online
    ZDB-ID 2704223-6
    ISSN 2304-8158
    ISSN 2304-8158
    DOI 10.3390/foods12163131
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  6. Article: Artisanal Household Milk Pasteurization Is Not a Determining Factor in Structuring the Microbial Communities of Labneh Ambaris: A Pilot Study.

    Abi Khalil, Reine / Couderc, Christel / Yvon, Sophie / Jard, Gwenaelle / Sicard, Delphine / Bigey, Frédéric / El Rammouz, Rabih / Abi Nakhoul, Pierre / Eutamène, Hélène / Tormo, Hélène / Ayoub, Marie-José

    Foods (Basel, Switzerland)

    2022  Volume 11, Issue 23

    Abstract: Labneh Ambaris is a traditional Lebanese dairy product traditionally made using raw goat's milk in earthenware jars, but recently the use of artisanally pasteurized milk was introduced for safety reasons. In this study, 12 samples of labneh Ambaris were ... ...

    Abstract Labneh Ambaris is a traditional Lebanese dairy product traditionally made using raw goat's milk in earthenware jars, but recently the use of artisanally pasteurized milk was introduced for safety reasons. In this study, 12 samples of labneh Ambaris were studied, six made using raw goat's milk and six others using artisanally pasteurized goat's milk. These samples were collected during fermentation and their microbial compositions were analyzed. The 16S V3-V4 and the ITS2 regions of the rDNA were sequenced by DNA metabarcoding analyses for the identification and comparison of bacterial and fungal communities, respectively. The samples had high microbial diversity but differences in samples microbiota were unrelated to whether or not milk was pasteurized. The samples were consequently clustered on the basis of their dominant bacterial or fungal species, regardless of the milk used. Concerning bacterial communities, samples were clustered into 3 groups, one with a higher abundance of
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-12-01
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2704223-6
    ISSN 2304-8158
    ISSN 2304-8158
    DOI 10.3390/foods11233874
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article ; Online: Microbial communities and main features of labneh Ambaris, a traditional Lebanese fermented goat milk product.

    Abi Khalil, Reine / Yvon, Sophie / Couderc, Christel / Belahcen, Loubnah / Jard, Gwenaelle / Sicard, Delphine / Bigey, Frédéric / El Rammouz, Rabih / Abi Nakhoul, Pierre / Eutamène, Hélène / Tormo, Hélène / Ayoub, Marie-José

    Journal of dairy science

    2022  Volume 106, Issue 2, Page(s) 868–883

    Abstract: Labneh Ambaris is a traditional Lebanese dairy product typically made using goat milk in special earthenware jars. Its production is characterized by the regular additions of milk and coarse salt, all while draining the whey throughout a process that ... ...

    Abstract Labneh Ambaris is a traditional Lebanese dairy product typically made using goat milk in special earthenware jars. Its production is characterized by the regular additions of milk and coarse salt, all while draining the whey throughout a process that lasts for a minimum of 2 mo. In this study, 20 samples of labneh Ambaris, all produced by spontaneous fermentation, were studied. They were collected at the end of fermentation from different regions in Lebanon. Physicochemical and sensory properties were studied and microbial diversity was analyzed using culture-dependent and independent techniques. The V3-V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene and the ITS2 region were sequenced by DNA metabarcoding analyses for the identification of bacteria and yeast communities, respectively. Out of 160 bacterial and 36 fungal taxa, 117 different bacterial species and 24 fungal species were identified among all labneh Ambaris samples studied. The remaining ones were multi-affiliated and could not be identified at the species level. Lactobacillus was the dominant bacterial genus, followed by Lentilactobacillus, Lactiplantibacillus, Lacticaseibacillus, and Lactococcus genera, whereas Geotrichum and Pichia were the dominant fungal genera. The 20 samples tested had varying levels of salt, protein, and fat contents, but they were all highly acidic (mostly having a pH < 4). According to the sensory scores generated by classical descriptive analysis, all samples were described as having basic similar characteristics such as goat smell and flavor, but they could be differentiated based on various intensities within the same descriptors like salty and acidic. This work could be considered as a base toward obtaining a quality label for labneh Ambaris.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Milk/chemistry ; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S/genetics ; Bacteria ; Microbiota ; Goats/genetics ; Fermentation
    Chemical Substances RNA, Ribosomal, 16S
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-12-19
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 242499-x
    ISSN 1525-3198 ; 0022-0302
    ISSN (online) 1525-3198
    ISSN 0022-0302
    DOI 10.3168/jds.2022-22275
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article ; Online: Nicotine induces resilience to chronic social defeat stress in a mouse model of water pipe tobacco exposure by activating BDNF signaling.

    Khalifeh, Mohamad / Hobeika, Rouba / El Hayek, Lauretta / Saad, Joelle / Eid, Fadi / El-Khoury, Reine / Ghayad, Litsa-Maria / Jabre, Vanessa / Nasrallah, Patrick / Barmo, Nour / Stephan, Joseph S / Khnayzer, Rony / Khalil, Christian / Sleiman, Sama F

    Behavioural brain research

    2020  Volume 382, Page(s) 112499

    Abstract: The purpose of this study was to investigate how nicotine in the context of water pipe tobacco smoking (WTS) affects depression and anxiety-like behaviors associated with chronic social defeat stress (CSDS). Male C57BL/6 J mice were exposed to WTS or ... ...

    Abstract The purpose of this study was to investigate how nicotine in the context of water pipe tobacco smoking (WTS) affects depression and anxiety-like behaviors associated with chronic social defeat stress (CSDS). Male C57BL/6 J mice were exposed to WTS or received intraperitoneal injections of nicotine for thirty days then subjected to CSDS for ten days. During CSDS, mice were exposed to WTS or received nicotine injections. The social interaction and open-field tests were used to classify animals as resilient or susceptible to stress and to evaluate their anxiety-like behavior. After behavioral testing, mice continued to be exposed to WTS/nicotine for ten days and their behavior was reexamined. The involvement of brain derived neurotrophic factor signaling in the nicotine-mediated effects was assessed with the tropomyosin receptor kinase B (TRKB) inhibitor, ANA-12. We found that WTS promotes resilience to stress and rescues social avoidance. Even though WTS initially decreased anxiety-like behaviors, prolonged exposure after the completion of CSDS significantly induced anxiety-like behaviors. Finally, we showed that nicotine mediates the effects of WTS only on resilience to stress by increasing BDNF and TRKB levels and signaling. Our results suggest that the pathways mediating resilience to stress and anxiety are distinct and that nicotine mediates the effects of WTS on social behavior, but not anxiety, by activating BDNF signaling. Significance statement: This study reports the positive effect of WTS and nicotine on social behavior. Furthermore, it shows the negative effects of prolonged WTS on anxiety-like behaviors and suggests that these effects are not necessarily mediated by nicotine. Finally, it identifies BDNF/TRKB signaling pathway as a major mediator of the positive effects of nicotine on social interaction. As a result, this work emphasizes the importance of considering the activation status of this signaling pathway when developing smoking cessation strategies.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Anxiety/chemically induced ; Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor/metabolism ; Male ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Nicotine/administration & dosage ; Resilience, Psychological/drug effects ; Social Behavior ; Stress, Psychological/chemically induced ; Tobacco Smoke Pollution
    Chemical Substances Bdnf protein, mouse ; Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor ; Tobacco Smoke Pollution ; Nicotine (6M3C89ZY6R)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-01-21
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 449927-x
    ISSN 1872-7549 ; 0166-4328
    ISSN (online) 1872-7549
    ISSN 0166-4328
    DOI 10.1016/j.bbr.2020.112499
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article: Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of AZ91 Rein-Forced with High Volume Fraction of Oriented Short Carbon Fibers.

    Ataya, Sabbah / El-Sayed Seleman, Mohamed M / Latief, Fahamsyah H / Ahmed, Mohamed M Z / Hajlaoui, Khalil / Elshaghoul, Yousef G Y / Habba, Mohamed I A

    Materials (Basel, Switzerland)

    2022  Volume 15, Issue 14

    Abstract: In this study, AZ91/23 vol.% short carbon fiber composite was produced by a squeeze casting technique using a cylindrical pre-form of treated carbon fibers, in which the fibers are randomly oriented in the horizontal plane. Cylindrical specimens (height = ...

    Abstract In this study, AZ91/23 vol.% short carbon fiber composite was produced by a squeeze casting technique using a cylindrical pre-form of treated carbon fibers, in which the fibers are randomly oriented in the horizontal plane. Cylindrical specimens (height = 9 mm and diameter = 6 mm) were machined from the as-cast AZ91 matrix and its composite. The full behavior of the produced composite was studied through the test specimens machined in two directions, namely parallel to the reinforced plane (in the radial direction of the cast cylinder) and normal to the reinforced plane (in the axial direction of the cast composite). The microstructures of the produced composite specimens were investigated using SEM equipped with EDS analysis. Density, hardness, compressive, and wear behavior were also investigated. For comparison, the AZ91 matrix was evaluated as a reference. The microstructure of the produced AZ91 matrix alloy and its composite revealed dense materials without casting defects. Both composite specimens show improvement in hardness, compressive strength, and wear properties over the AZ91 matrix. The compressive and wear properties are more fiber orientation-dependent than the hardness results. The parallel composite specimen depicts the highest compressive properties in terms of yield compressive strength (311 MPa) and ultimate compressive strength (419 MPa), compared to that shown by the AZ91 matrix and the normal composite specimen. This improvement in compressive strength was at the expense of ductility. The parallel composite specimen shows the lowest ductility (R = 3.8%), compared to that given by the normal composite specimen (R = 7.1) and the AZ91 matrix alloy (R = 13.6). The wear testing results showed that at the highest wear load of 5 N, the material weight loss of the parallel composite specimen decreases by 44% and 64% compared to the AZ91 matrix and the normal composite specimen, respectively.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-07-10
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2487261-1
    ISSN 1996-1944
    ISSN 1996-1944
    DOI 10.3390/ma15144818
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article ; Online: Estimating health-loss due to enteric pathogens: importance and challenges.

    Troeger, Christopher / Khalil, Ibrahim A / Reiner, Robert C

    The Lancet. Global health

    2019  Volume 7, Issue 3, Page(s) e284–e285

    MeSH term(s) Developing Countries ; Diarrhea ; Dysentery, Bacillary ; Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli ; Humans ; Shigella
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-02-20
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Comment
    ZDB-ID 2723488-5
    ISSN 2214-109X ; 2214-109X
    ISSN (online) 2214-109X
    ISSN 2214-109X
    DOI 10.1016/S2214-109X(19)30017-8
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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