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  1. Article ; Online: Factors affecting utilization of sexual and reproductive health services among women with disabilities- a mixed-method cross-sectional study from Ilam district, Nepal

    Rupa Shiwakoti / Yogendra Bahadur Gurung / Ram Chandra Poudel / Sandesh Neupane / Ram Krishna Thapa / Sailendra Deuja / Ram Sharan Pathak

    BMC Health Services Research, Vol 21, Iss 1, Pp 1-

    2021  Volume 19

    Abstract: Abstract Background Persons with disabilities can have physical, mental, intellectual, or sensory impairments which can hinder their social participation. Despite Sustainable Development Goals call for “universal access to sexual and reproductive health ( ...

    Abstract Abstract Background Persons with disabilities can have physical, mental, intellectual, or sensory impairments which can hinder their social participation. Despite Sustainable Development Goals call for “universal access to sexual and reproductive health (SRH)”, women with disabilities (WwDs) continue to experience barriers to access SRH services in Nepal. This study evaluated factors affecting the utilization of SRH services among WwDs in Ilam district, Nepal. Methods A mixed-method study with 384 WwDs of reproductive age was conducted in Ilam district, eastern Nepal. Quantitative data were collected using a structured questionnaire. Relationships between utilization of SRH services and associated factors were explored using multivariate logistic regression analysis. Qualitative data were collected from focus groups with female community health volunteers and interviews with WwDs, health workers and local political leaders. They were audio-recorded, translated and transcribed into English and were thematically analyzed. Results Among 384 respondents (31% physical; 7% vision,16% hearing, 7% voice&speech,12% mental/psychosocial, 9% intellectual, 18% multiple disabilities), only 15% of them had ever utilized any SRH services. No requirement (57%) and unaware of SRH services (24%) were the major reasons for not utilizing SRH services. A majority (81%) of them reported that the nearest health facility was not disability-inclusive (73%), specifically referring to the inaccessible road (48%). Multivariate analysis showed that being married (AOR = 121.7, 95% CI: 12.206–1214.338), having perceived need for SRH services (AOR = 5.5; 95% CI: 1.419–21.357) and perceived susceptibility to SRH related disease/condition (AOR = 6.0; 95% CI:1.978–18.370) were positively associated with the utilization of SRH services. Qualitative findings revealed that illiteracy, poor socioeconomic status, and lack of information hindered the utilization of SRH services. WwDs faced socioeconomic (lack of empowerment, lack of family support), ...
    Keywords Women with disabilities ; Sexual and reproductive health ; Utilization ; Health belief model ; Ilam ; Nepal ; Public aspects of medicine ; RA1-1270
    Subject code 360
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-12-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher BMC
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  2. Article ; Online: Stroke among Patients Admitted to a Tertiary Care Centre

    Ram Narayan Kurmi / Laxman Mandal / Raj Singh / Prateek Kumar Chaudhary / Tirth Dhungana / Sandesh Lamichanne / Nimish Raj Bastola / Prajjwal Pokharel

    Journal of Nepal Medical Association, Vol 61, Iss

    A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study

    2023  Volume 260

    Abstract: Introduction: Stroke is the second most common cause of mortality after ischemic heart disease and the leading cause of morbidity around the world. This study aimed to find out the stroke among patients admitted to a tertiary care centre. Methods: A ... ...

    Abstract Introduction: Stroke is the second most common cause of mortality after ischemic heart disease and the leading cause of morbidity around the world. This study aimed to find out the stroke among patients admitted to a tertiary care centre. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Internal Medicine and Neurosurgery from 15 July 2021 to 15 June 2022 after taking ethical approval from Institutional Review Committee (Reference number: 78/79-083). Convenience sampling method was used. Point estimate and 95% Confidence Interval were calculated. Results: Among 5034 patients, 149 (2.95%) (2.48-3.41, 95% Confidence Interval) patients had stroke. Out of 149 cases, male to female ratio was 1.06 with a mean age of 65.05±14.06 years. The most common presentation was hemiparesis 128 (85.90%). Hypertension 106 (71.14%) was the most common underlying condition. The frontal area 17 (32.02%) was the most common site of ischemic stroke. Putamen (55.26%) was most common site in hemorrhagic stroke. The mean hospital stays was 6.3±5.18 days. There were 5 (3.40%) cases of in-hospital mortality. Conclusions: The prevalence of stroke was similar to other studies done in similar settings.
    Keywords hemorrhagic stroke ; ischemic stroke ; prevalence ; Medicine (General) ; R5-920
    Subject code 590
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-04-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Nepal Medical Association
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  3. Article ; Online: Factors affecting utilization of sexual and reproductive health services among women with disabilities- a mixed-method cross-sectional study from Ilam district, Nepal.

    Shiwakoti, Rupa / Gurung, Yogendra Bahadur / Poudel, Ram Chandra / Neupane, Sandesh / Thapa, Ram Krishna / Deuja, Sailendra / Pathak, Ram Sharan

    BMC health services research

    2021  Volume 21, Issue 1, Page(s) 1361

    Abstract: Background: Persons with disabilities can have physical, mental, intellectual, or sensory impairments which can hinder their social participation. Despite Sustainable Development Goals call for "universal access to sexual and reproductive health (SRH)", ...

    Abstract Background: Persons with disabilities can have physical, mental, intellectual, or sensory impairments which can hinder their social participation. Despite Sustainable Development Goals call for "universal access to sexual and reproductive health (SRH)", women with disabilities (WwDs) continue to experience barriers to access SRH services in Nepal. This study evaluated factors affecting the utilization of SRH services among WwDs in Ilam district, Nepal.
    Methods: A mixed-method study with 384 WwDs of reproductive age was conducted in Ilam district, eastern Nepal. Quantitative data were collected using a structured questionnaire. Relationships between utilization of SRH services and associated factors were explored using multivariate logistic regression analysis. Qualitative data were collected from focus groups with female community health volunteers and interviews with WwDs, health workers and local political leaders. They were audio-recorded, translated and transcribed into English and were thematically analyzed.
    Results: Among 384 respondents (31% physical; 7% vision,16% hearing, 7% voice&speech,12% mental/psychosocial, 9% intellectual, 18% multiple disabilities), only 15% of them had ever utilized any SRH services. No requirement (57%) and unaware of SRH services (24%) were the major reasons for not utilizing SRH services. A majority (81%) of them reported that the nearest health facility was not disability-inclusive (73%), specifically referring to the inaccessible road (48%). Multivariate analysis showed that being married (AOR = 121.7, 95% CI: 12.206-1214.338), having perceived need for SRH services (AOR = 5.5; 95% CI: 1.419-21.357) and perceived susceptibility to SRH related disease/condition (AOR = 6.0; 95% CI:1.978-18.370) were positively associated with the utilization of SRH services. Qualitative findings revealed that illiteracy, poor socioeconomic status, and lack of information hindered the utilization of SRH services. WwDs faced socioeconomic (lack of empowerment, lack of family support), structural (distant health facility, inaccessible-infrastructure), and attitudinal (stigmatization, bad behaviour of health care providers, perception that SRH is needed only for married) barriers to access SRH services.
    Conclusions: Utilization of SRH services among WwDs was very low in Ilam district, Nepal. The findings of this study warrant a need to promote awareness-raising programs to WwDs and their family members, sensitization programs to health service providers, and ensure the provision of disability-inclusive SRH services in all health facilities.
    MeSH term(s) Cross-Sectional Studies ; Disabled Persons ; Female ; Health Services Accessibility ; Humans ; Nepal ; Reproductive Health ; Reproductive Health Services
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-12-23
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 1472-6963
    ISSN (online) 1472-6963
    DOI 10.1186/s12913-021-07382-4
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article: Thermal kinetics and morphological investigation of alkaline treated rice husk biomass

    Choudhary, Manish / Jain, Sandesh Kumar / Devnani, G.L. / Sonawane, Shri Ram S. / Singh, Dhananjay

    Indian Chemical Society Journal of the Indian Chemical Society. 2022 Mar. 24,

    2022  

    Abstract: Agro waste bio mass are creating challenges for environment in term of air pollution due to improper disposal. Rice milling is the process in which rice husk is produced as by-product. The agro-waste rice husk has tremendous potential to be used either ... ...

    Abstract Agro waste bio mass are creating challenges for environment in term of air pollution due to improper disposal. Rice milling is the process in which rice husk is produced as by-product. The agro-waste rice husk has tremendous potential to be used either in its raw form or in ash form. The inherent component of this waste cellulose provides enhanced properties in a reinforced composite when used as filler. Rice husk is the hard outer layer and covering rice seed, which makes reinforcement challenging in its original form. Fiber surface treatment significantly improves adhesion with matrix and various thermo chemical properties of filler as well as of composites. NaOH treatment is cost-effective and it ensures the adhesion with matrix by removal of hemicellulose and lignin. The chemical treatment of agro-waste (rice husk) is performed with 5% alkali solutions of NaOH in water. Results are compared with the properties of untreated rice husk for thermal and morphological characterizations. In the present work, we are trying to quantify the impact of chemical treatment on rice husk thermal decomposition and its kinetics. Thermogravimetric analysis and kinetics study of thermal degradation, provide key input towards pyrolysis pattern of rice husk, while FTIR and SEM analysis provide the prospects of this bio filler using a reinforcing agent to develop green composite and productive disposal. The FTIR data helps to find the possibilities of blending different bio fillers and natural fibers to find suitable reinforcing substances. The average activation energy of treated fiber is noted as 137.95 by KAS method and 108.08 by FWO method as compared to 55.56 by KAS method & 54.26 by FWO method for untreated rice husk.
    Keywords activation energy ; adhesion ; agricultural wastes ; air pollution ; biocomposites ; biomass ; cellulose ; chemical treatment ; cost effectiveness ; hemicellulose ; lignin ; pyrolysis ; rice ; rice hulls ; thermogravimetry
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2022-0324
    Publishing place Elsevier B.V.
    Document type Article
    Note Pre-press version
    ISSN 0019-4522
    DOI 10.1016/j.jics.2022.100444
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  5. Article ; Online: Stroke among Patients Admitted to a Tertiary Care Centre: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study.

    Kurmi, Ram Narayan / Mandal, Laxman / Singh, Raj / Chaudhary, Prateek Kumar / Dhungana, Tirth / Lamichanne, Sandesh / Bastola, Nimish Raj / Pokharel, Prajjwal

    JNMA; journal of the Nepal Medical Association

    2023  Volume 61, Issue 260, Page(s) 305–309

    Abstract: Introduction: Stroke is the second most common cause of mortality after ischemic heart disease and the leading cause of morbidity around the world. This study aimed to find out the stroke among patients admitted to a tertiary care centre.: Methods: A ...

    Abstract Introduction: Stroke is the second most common cause of mortality after ischemic heart disease and the leading cause of morbidity around the world. This study aimed to find out the stroke among patients admitted to a tertiary care centre.
    Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Internal Medicine and Neurosurgery from 15 July 2021 to 15 June 2022 after taking ethical approval from Institutional Review Committee (Reference number: 78/79-083). Convenience sampling method was used. Point estimate and 95% Confidence Interval were calculated.
    Results: Among 5034 patients, 149 (2.95%) (2.48-3.41, 95% Confidence Interval) patients had stroke. Out of 149 cases, male to female ratio was 1.06 with a mean age of 65.05±14.06 years. The most common presentation was hemiparesis 128 (85.90%). Hypertension 106 (71.14%) was the most common underlying condition. The frontal area 17 (32.02%) was the most common site of ischemic stroke. Putamen (55.26%) was most common site in hemorrhagic stroke. The mean hospital stays was 6.3±5.18 days. There were 5 (3.40%) cases of in-hospital mortality.
    Conclusions: The prevalence of stroke was similar to other studies done in similar settings.
    Keywords: hemorrhagic stroke; ischemic stroke; prevalence.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Female ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Aged ; Hemorrhagic Stroke ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Tertiary Care Centers ; Stroke/epidemiology ; Ischemic Stroke
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-04-01
    Publishing country Nepal
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2209910-4
    ISSN 1815-672X ; 0028-2715
    ISSN (online) 1815-672X
    ISSN 0028-2715
    DOI 10.31729/jnma.8075
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article: Impact of COVID-19 on the Mental Health of Healthcare Professionals in Pakistan.

    Sandesh, Ram / Shahid, Wajeeha / Dev, Kapeel / Mandhan, Nikeeta / Shankar, Prem / Shaikh, Anam / Rizwan, Amber

    Cureus

    2020  Volume 12, Issue 7, Page(s) e8974

    Abstract: Introduction As a result of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, health care professionals (HDPs) are facing immense strain due to the heavy load of cases. In many cases, they work increasingly long hours, often with limited resources and a dubious ... ...

    Abstract Introduction As a result of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, health care professionals (HDPs) are facing immense strain due to the heavy load of cases. In many cases, they work increasingly long hours, often with limited resources and a dubious infrastructure. Thus, it is important to check on the mental health of caregivers. Methods and materials This cross-sectional study was conducted in May 2020, at various hospitals in Karachi, Pakistan. All HCPs posted in the COVID-19 isolation wards were invited to participate and a total of 112 completed this study. A carefully structured form was created, which included the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21). Results The overall mean score of anxiety was 19.01 ± 9.2, depression was 18.12 ± 10, and stress was 20.12 ± 12.0. There were 81 (72.3%) participants who suffered from moderate to extremely severe depression, 96 ( 85.7%) participants who suffered from moderate to extremely severe anxiety, and 101 (90.1%) participants who reported moderate to extreme stress levels Conclusions It is evident that there are a high number of healthcare workers affected by various psychological ailments such as anxiety, stress, and depression. It is important that the government take steps to ensure that HCPs' mental health is regularly checked and that efforts are made to reduce their burdens.
    Keywords covid19
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-07-02
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2747273-5
    ISSN 2168-8184
    ISSN 2168-8184
    DOI 10.7759/cureus.8974
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article ; Online: Migration Count of Steppe Eagle at Thoolakharka Watch Site, Nepal

    Tulsi Ram Subedi / Sandesh Gurung / Hem Sagar Baral

    Пернатые хищники и их охрана, Vol 0, Iss

    2018  Volume 1

    Abstract: Steppe Eagle (Aquila nipalensis) is a globally endangered species that breeds at high latitudes of Palearctic and winters in Africa and Indian subcontinent. Migration count from bottleneck sites along the flyways is an appropriate method to monitor ... ...

    Abstract Steppe Eagle (Aquila nipalensis) is a globally endangered species that breeds at high latitudes of Palearctic and winters in Africa and Indian subcontinent. Migration count from bottleneck sites along the flyways is an appropriate method to monitor population of this species and other migrating raptors. In 2012–2015, we carried out autumn migration count at Thoolakharka raptor migration watch site along the foothills of Annapurna Himalayan Range of Nepal to investigate population dynamics of migrating Steppe Eagle. Each year, migration of Steppe Eagle started from the first week of October and continued throughout the count until 8 of December. Every year, we observed high fluctuation in the total number of migrating Steppe Eagles that ranged between 8 684 (in 2013) to 4 302 (in 2015). Similar results were observed in the proportion of juveniles (first year bird) 23.7% to 17.6%, subadults (2nd to 4th year) 44.8% to 33.6% and adults (≥ 5th year) 48.8% to 34.9%. High fluctuation in the total count and the proportion of age groups could have two possible reasons: 1) the actual change in population over different years and 2) changes in the actual migration route eagles follow depending on the local or regional weather conditions. For these reasons, we could not ascertain that the population of migrating Steppe Eagle at Thoolakharka watch site is actually declining. Therefore, we stress a long term monitoring of migrating Steppe Eagle population from Thoolakharka watch site in the future to investigate the real changes in population
    Keywords birds of prey ; steppe eagle ; aquila nipalensis ; General. Including nature conservation ; geographical distribution ; QH1-199.5 ; Zoology ; QL1-991
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-10-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher LLC Sibecocenter
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  8. Article: The Role of Vitamin C in Reducing Pain Associated With Diabetic Neuropathy.

    Bai, Amerta / Abdullah, Fnu / Kumar, Jatender / Lal, Amar / Abbas, Mohammed / Sandesh, Ram / Naz, Sidra / Shahid, Simra / Anees, Faryal / Memon, Sidra

    Cureus

    2021  Volume 13, Issue 6, Page(s) e15895

    Abstract: Introduction: Neuropathic pain is a painful condition that arises after a lesion or an insult to the somatosensory nervous system, either in a central or peripheral location. The most common cause of neuropathic pain is diabetes. Controlled trials have ... ...

    Abstract Introduction: Neuropathic pain is a painful condition that arises after a lesion or an insult to the somatosensory nervous system, either in a central or peripheral location. The most common cause of neuropathic pain is diabetes. Controlled trials have been conducted on recent advancements in medicine to investigate the effect of vitamin C in the treatment of neuropathic pain. In this study, we aim to investigate the role of vitamin C in reducing pain associated with diabetic neuropathy.
    Methods: This open-label, parallel-arm, interventional study was conducted in a public tertiary care hospital in Pakistan from April 2019 to March 2021. A total of 300 type II diabetic patients with newly diagnosed painful peripheral diabetic neuropathy, of either gender, were enrolled in the study. The intervention group received 60 mg duloxetine along with 200 mg oral vitamin C. The control group received 60 mg duloxetine without any additional intervention. Patients were asked to return for follow-up after 12 weeks.
    Results: The mean visual analog score (VAS) was significantly lower in both, the intervention (5.54 ± 0.81 vs. 6.72 ± 0.90; p-value: <0.0001) and the control group (5.91 ± 0.80 vs. 6.79 ± 0.94; p-value: <0.0001), at week 12 compared to day 0. However, in comparison, VAS score in intervention at week 12 was significantly lower as compared to the control group (5.54 ± 0.81 vs. 5.91 ± 0.80; p-value: 0.0002).
    Conclusion: The use of vitamin C could be cost-effective and would be a safe and useful adjunctive therapy for pain associated with diabetic peripheral neuropathy.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-06-24
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2747273-5
    ISSN 2168-8184
    ISSN 2168-8184
    DOI 10.7759/cureus.15895
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article: Impact of COVID-19 on the Mental Health of Healthcare Professionals in Pakistan

    Sandesh, Ram / Shahid, Wajeeha / Dev, Kapeel / Mandhan, Nikeeta / Shankar, Prem / Shaikh, Anam / Rizwan, Amber

    Cureus

    Abstract: Introduction As a result of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, health care professionals (HDPs) are facing immense strain due to the heavy load of cases In many cases, they work increasingly long hours, often with limited resources and a dubious ... ...

    Abstract Introduction As a result of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, health care professionals (HDPs) are facing immense strain due to the heavy load of cases In many cases, they work increasingly long hours, often with limited resources and a dubious infrastructure Thus, it is important to check on the mental health of caregivers Methods and materials This cross-sectional study was conducted in May 2020, at various hospitals in Karachi, Pakistan All HCPs posted in the COVID-19 isolation wards were invited to participate and a total of 112 completed this study A carefully structured form was created, which included the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21) Results The overall mean score of anxiety was 19 01 ± 9 2, depression was 18 12 ± 10, and stress was 20 12 ± 12 0 There were 81 (72 3%) participants who suffered from moderate to extremely severe depression, 96 ( 85 7%) participants who suffered from moderate to extremely severe anxiety, and 101 (90 1%) participants who reported moderate to extreme stress levels Conclusions It is evident that there are a high number of healthcare workers affected by various psychological ailments such as anxiety, stress, and depression It is important that the government take steps to ensure that HCPs' mental health is regularly checked and that efforts are made to reduce their burdens
    Keywords covid19
    Publisher WHO
    Document type Article
    Note WHO #Covidence: #709497
    Database COVID19

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  10. Article ; Online: Psychological Distress Related to COVID-19 Among Nepalese Professionals

    Asraf, Hussain / Sandesh, Sawant / Mishra, Jeetendra / Ram, Ramji / pandey, Mahendra / Bista, Sagun / Sarraf, Pramod Kumar

    Med Phoenix; Vol 5 No; 10-18 ; 2631-1992 ; 2392-425X

    An Online Cross-sectional Study

    2020  Volume 1

    Abstract: Background: COVID-19 is a highly infectious disease caused by SARS-CoV2 virus. It's psychological distress would be a major obstacle towards social normalcy to pre-COVID era. There were lacks of studies to assess these distresses. The aim of this study ... ...

    Abstract Background: COVID-19 is a highly infectious disease caused by SARS-CoV2 virus. It's psychological distress would be a major obstacle towards social normalcy to pre-COVID era. There were lacks of studies to assess these distresses. The aim of this study was to study psychological distress related to COVID-19 among Nepalese professionals. Methods: This online cross-sectional survey was conducted from 12th-20th, June-2020. Questionnaires were based on Corona-virus Anxiety Scale (CAS) and Obsession with COVID-19 scale (OCS). Results: Among 244 participants, majority were in the age group of 20-45 years with male female ratio of 2.1:1. About one third were health workers, 46% were teachers and service holders and remaining were from other professions. Majority of participants had subclinical obsessive (83.2%) and sub-clinical anxiety symptoms (69.3%). Law enforcement professionals (30.0%) and journalists 18.2% had highest prevalence of problematic obsessive symptoms. Law enforcement professionals (40%) had highest prevalence of problematic anxiety symptoms followed by health care workers (28.4%). About 35% of participants opted for multiple positive methods to cope with their obsessive and anxiety symptoms. Participants with higher obsession score had higher anxiety symptoms (r=0.592, p=<0.001). Conclusion: Majority of participants only had sub-clinical obsession and anxiety related to COVID. But, health workers, law enforcement and journalism professionals were having problematic symptoms. Thus, efforts need to be concentrated towards formulation of policies for safe and productive environment for these professionals.
    Keywords covid19
    Subject code 150
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-09-22
    Publisher National Medical College
    Publishing country np
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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