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Article: Rare tracheal chondroid hamartoma masquerading as asthma in a 14-year-old girl.

Nadrous, Hassan F / Allen, Mark S / Wylam, Mark E

Annals of allergy, asthma & immunology : official publication of the American College of Allergy, Asthma, & Immunology

2004 Volume 92, Issue 5, Page(s) 576–579

Abstract: Background: Tracheal hamartomas are rare in all age groups and have not been previously described in adolescence.: Objective: To report the first case of a tracheal chondroid hamartoma presenting as exercise intolerance and wheezing and previously ... ...

Abstract	Background: Tracheal hamartomas are rare in all age groups and have not been previously described in adolescence. Objective: To report the first case of a tracheal chondroid hamartoma presenting as exercise intolerance and wheezing and previously misdiagnosed and treated as asthma. Methods: Symptoms, pulmonary function tests, chest x-ray examination, chest computed tomography, and histologic examination of the specimen were performed. Results: The pulmonary function tests obtained throughout several years revealed progressive decreases (approximately 30% of predicted) in peak expiratory flow and forced expiratory volume in 1 second (approximately 50% of predicted). The inspiratory and expiratory flow-volume curve suggested a fixed central airway obstruction. Both the chest x-ray examination and computed tomography revealed an intraluminal tracheal tumor that was surgically excised. Histologic examination revealed a chondroid hamartoma. Conclusions: Rare benign primary tracheal tumors, including chondroid hamartoma, can present in adolescence with asthma-like symptoms for years and should be considered in the differential diagnosis, especially in the setting of appropriately abnormal spirometry or when asthma is very difficult to control.
MeSH term(s)	Adolescent ; Asthma/pathology ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Hamartoma/pathology ; Hamartoma/physiopathology ; Hamartoma/surgery ; Humans ; Respiratory Function Tests ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Tracheal Diseases/pathology ; Tracheal Diseases/physiopathology ; Tracheal Diseases/surgery
Language	English
Publishing date	2004-05
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Case Reports ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1228189-x
ISSN	1534-4436 ; 1081-1206 ; 0003-4738
ISSN (online)	1534-4436
ISSN	1081-1206 ; 0003-4738
DOI	10.1016/S1081-1206(10)61767-X
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Article: Chronic nitrofurantoin-induced lung disease.

Mendez, Jose L / Nadrous, Hassan F / Hartman, Thomas E / Ryu, Jay H

Mayo Clinic proceedings

2005 Volume 80, Issue 10, Page(s) 1298–1302

Abstract: Objective: To reassess the clinical and radiological features of chronic nitrofurantoin-induced lung disease and eventual clinical outcome.: Patients and methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 18 patients with chronic ... ...

Abstract	Objective: To reassess the clinical and radiological features of chronic nitrofurantoin-induced lung disease and eventual clinical outcome. Patients and methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 18 patients with chronic nitrofurantoin-induced lung disease who were seen at the Mayo Clinic in Rochester, Minn, from January 1, 1997, to December 31, 2002. Results: The median age of the 18 patients was 72 years (range, 47-90 years) at the time of diagnosis; 17 (94%) were women. Onset of symptoms occurred after a median interval of 23 months (range, 10-144 months) following the initiation of nitrofurantoin therapy for the prevention of recurrent urinary tract infections. All patients presented with persistent dyspnea and cough associated with lung infiltrates detected on chest radiography. Ten computed tomograms were available for review and revealed bilateral areas of ground-glass opacities in all cases and showed subpleural Irregular linear opacities and patchy consolidation in some cases. Nitrofurantoin therapy was discontinued in all patients, and most improved subsequently; 9 patients received corticosteroid therapy. Conclusions: Chronic nitrofurantoin-induced lung disease is seen predominantly in older women who present with respiratory symptoms after a year or more of nitrofurantoin therapy. Associated radiological features are relatively nonspecific but usually include bilateral areas of ground-glass opacities on computed tomography of the chest. Cessation of nitrofurantoin therapy leads to improvement and suffices in the management of some patients, although corticosteroid therapy may be helpful in those more severely affected.
MeSH term(s)	Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Anti-Infective Agents, Urinary/adverse effects ; Chronic Disease ; Female ; Humans ; Lung Diseases/chemically induced ; Lung Diseases/diagnostic imaging ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Nitrofurantoin/adverse effects ; Radiography ; Retrospective Studies ; Urinary Tract Infections/drug therapy
Chemical Substances	Anti-Infective Agents, Urinary ; Nitrofurantoin (927AH8112L)
Language	English
Publishing date	2005-10
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	124027-4
ISSN	1942-5546 ; 0025-6196
ISSN (online)	1942-5546
ISSN	0025-6196
DOI	10.4065/80.10.1298
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Article: Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis in patients younger than 50 years.

Nadrous, Hassan F / Myers, Jeffrey L / Decker, Paul A / Ryu, Jay H

Mayo Clinic proceedings

2005 Volume 80, Issue 1, Page(s) 37–40

Abstract: Objective: To assess clinical, radiological, histopathologic, and prognostic differences in younger patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF).: Patients and methods: This study consisted of patients younger than 50 years with IPF who were ... ...

Abstract	Objective: To assess clinical, radiological, histopathologic, and prognostic differences in younger patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). Patients and methods: This study consisted of patients younger than 50 years with IPF who were seen at the Mayo Clinic in Rochester, Minn, from January 1, 1994, to December 31, 2000. Clinical, radiological, and histopathologic data were abstracted from clinical records. Total lung capacity using plethysmography, vital capacity, diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide using the single-breath method, and alveolar volume using single-breath neon wash-in were measured. Results: Our study population was composed of 16 men and 6 women with a median age of 45 years (range, 28-49 years). Median survival was 2.1 years, with 1- and 2-year survival rates of 68% and 53%, respectively. Of the 22 patients, 2 were current smokers, 14 were former smokers, and 6 had never smoked. Three patients had familial pulmonary fibrosis, 21 had bibasilar inspiratory crackles, and 10 had digital clubbing. Median total lung capacity was 56.2%, vital capacity was 51.0%, diffusing capacity was 45.5%, and alveolar volume was 65.0%. Conclusion: Although previous studies have suggested that younger age is a favorable prognostic factor in patients with IPF, we found that younger patients have the same poor prognosis as do older patients with this disorder. We observed no distinguishing differences in the clinical, radiological, and histopathologic features compared with those in older patients in whom the disorder is more common. Lung transplantation should be considered early in the treatment of younger patients with IPF.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Age Factors ; Female ; Humans ; Lung Volume Measurements ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prognosis ; Pulmonary Diffusing Capacity ; Pulmonary Fibrosis/diagnosis ; Pulmonary Fibrosis/diagnostic imaging ; Pulmonary Fibrosis/mortality ; Pulmonary Fibrosis/pathology ; Radiography ; Smoking ; Vital Capacity
Language	English
Publishing date	2005-01
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	124027-4
ISSN	1942-5546 ; 0025-6196
ISSN (online)	1942-5546
ISSN	0025-6196
DOI	10.1016/S0025-6196(11)62955-8
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Article: Pulmonary cryptococcosis: CT findings in immunocompetent patients.

Lindell, Rebecca M / Hartman, Thomas E / Nadrous, Hassan F / Ryu, Jay H

Radiology

2005 Volume 236, Issue 1, Page(s) 326–331

Abstract: Purpose: To evaluate retrospectively the computed tomographic (CT) findings in immunocompetent patients with pulmonary cryptococcosis.: Materials and methods: Institutional review board approval was obtained with a waiver of informed consent, and the ...

Abstract	Purpose: To evaluate retrospectively the computed tomographic (CT) findings in immunocompetent patients with pulmonary cryptococcosis. Materials and methods: Institutional review board approval was obtained with a waiver of informed consent, and the study complied with requirements of the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act. Chest CT scans of 10 immunocompetent patients with clinically proved pulmonary cryptococcosis were retrospectively reviewed by four reviewers in consensus. Criterion for diagnosis of pulmonary cryptococcosis was (a) the histopathologic presence of the organism at lung biopsy or (b) a positive culture of a respiratory specimen or positive serum cryptococcal antigen test with clinical or radiographic evidence of active pulmonary infection. Patients included six women and four men ranging in age from 46 to 73 years (mean, 59 years). Scans were evaluated for nodules, masses, areas of ground-glass attenuation or of hazy increased attenuation, areas of consolidation, areas of cavitation, pleural effusions, linear opacities, septal thickening, lymphadenopathy, extent of parenchymal involvement, and distribution. Results: The most common CT finding was pulmonary nodules (n = 9). Multiple nodules (n = 7) were more common than solitary nodules (n = 2). Nodules most commonly occupied less than 10% of the pulmonary parenchyma (n = 7), measured less than 10 mm in diameter (n = 7), and had middle and upper lung predominance (n = 6). The majority of the nodules were well defined with smooth margins (n = 7). Multiple nodules were usually bilaterally distributed (n = 5). Masses (n = 2), lymphadenopathy (n = 2), areas of consolidation (n = 2), areas of hazy increased attenuation (n = 1), pleural effusion (n = 1), and areas of cavitation (n = 1) were uncommon. Conclusion: CT most commonly demonstrated pulmonary nodules in immunocompetent patients with pulmonary cryptococcosis. The nodules were most often multiple, small, well defined, and smoothly marginated with middle and upper lung predominance.
MeSH term(s)	Aged ; Contrast Media ; Cryptococcosis/diagnostic imaging ; Cryptococcosis/immunology ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Humans ; Lung Diseases, Fungal/diagnostic imaging ; Lung Diseases, Fungal/immunology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed/methods
Chemical Substances	Contrast Media
Language	English
Publishing date	2005-07
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	80324-8
ISSN	1527-1315 ; 0033-8419
ISSN (online)	1527-1315
ISSN	0033-8419
DOI	10.1148/radiol.2361040460
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Article: Cryptococcal laryngitis: case report and review of the literature.

Nadrous, Hassan F / Ryu, Jay H / Lewis, Jean E / Sabri, Alain N

The Annals of otology, rhinology, and laryngology

2004 Volume 113, Issue 2, Page(s) 121–123

Abstract: Infections caused by Cryptococcus neoformans may range from an asymptomatic illness to lethal systemic disease, especially in immunocompromised hosts. Although cryptococcal infection most commonly involves the lungs or the central nervous system, it can ... ...

Abstract	Infections caused by Cryptococcus neoformans may range from an asymptomatic illness to lethal systemic disease, especially in immunocompromised hosts. Although cryptococcal infection most commonly involves the lungs or the central nervous system, it can disseminate to virtually any organ. Laryngeal cryptococcal infections are extremely rare--only 5 cases have been reported in the literature. Herein, we describe cryptococcal laryngitis occurring in a 55-year-old man with asthma and allergic fungal sinusitis. He presented with hoarseness and cough. He was treated with itraconazole followed by fluconazole therapy with complete recovery from his laryngeal infection. The patient was disease-free when last seen 10 months after the diagnosis. We present a summary of all reported cases of cryptococcal laryngitis.
MeSH term(s)	Asthma/complications ; Cough/microbiology ; Cryptococcosis/complications ; Cryptococcosis/diagnosis ; Cryptococcus neoformans ; Hoarseness/microbiology ; Humans ; Laryngitis/complications ; Laryngitis/microbiology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Sinusitis/complications
Language	English
Publishing date	2004-02
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	120642-4
ISSN	1943-572X ; 0003-4894
ISSN (online)	1943-572X
ISSN	0003-4894
DOI	10.1177/000348940411300207
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Article: Pulmonary involvement in Henoch-Schönlein purpura.

Nadrous, Hassan F / Yu, Aimee C / Specks, Ulrich / Ryu, Jay H

Mayo Clinic proceedings

2004 Volume 79, Issue 9, Page(s) 1151–1157

Abstract: Objective: To describe pulmonary involvement in Henoch-Schönlein purpura (HSP).: Patients and methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of patients with HSP who were seen at the Mayo Clinic in Rochester, Minn, during a 6-year period ( ... ...

Abstract	Objective: To describe pulmonary involvement in Henoch-Schönlein purpura (HSP). Patients and methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of patients with HSP who were seen at the Mayo Clinic in Rochester, Minn, during a 6-year period (January 1, 1997, to December 31, 2002). Patients with HSP and pulmonary involvement were identified through a review of clinical records, radiological studies, pulmonary function data, and lung biopsy findings. Results: We identified 124 patients with HSP during the study period; 72 (58.1%) were males. The median age was 15 years (range, 8 months to 81 years). Among the 124 patients with HSP, 3 (2.4%), all adults, had pulmonary involvement. Of these 3 patients, aged 20, 67, and 76 years, 2 were women. Pulmonary manifestations consisted of diffuse alveolar hemorrhage (DAH) (2 patients) and usual interstitial pneumonia that improved with corticosteroid therapy (1 patient). Conclusions: Pulmonary involvement in HSP is rare. It occurs more often in adults and commonly manifests as DAH and occasionally as usual interstitial pneumonia or interstitial fibrosis. Our cases and previously reported cases suggest that DAH is the most common manifestation of pulmonary involvement in HSP.
MeSH term(s)	Adolescent ; Adrenal Cortex Hormones/therapeutic use ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Hemorrhage/diagnostic imaging ; Hemorrhage/drug therapy ; Hemorrhage/pathology ; Humans ; Infant ; Lung Diseases/diagnostic imaging ; Lung Diseases/drug therapy ; Lung Diseases/pathology ; Male ; Medical Records Systems, Computerized ; Middle Aged ; Purpura, Schoenlein-Henoch/complications ; Purpura, Schoenlein-Henoch/physiopathology ; Retrospective Studies ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Treatment Outcome
Chemical Substances	Adrenal Cortex Hormones
Language	English
Publishing date	2004-09
Publishing country	England
Document type	Case Reports ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	124027-4
ISSN	1942-5546 ; 0025-6196
ISSN (online)	1942-5546
ISSN	0025-6196
DOI	10.4065/79.9.1151
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Article: Body mass index and mortality in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.

Alakhras, Mazen / Decker, Paul A / Nadrous, Hassan F / Collazo-Clavell, Maria / Ryu, Jay H

Chest

2007 Volume 131, Issue 5, Page(s) 1448–1453

Abstract: Background: To examine the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and mortality in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF).: Methods: We studied a cohort of patients with IPF who were seen at the Mayo Clinic Rochester from 1994 through ... ...

Abstract	Background: To examine the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and mortality in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). Methods: We studied a cohort of patients with IPF who were seen at the Mayo Clinic Rochester from 1994 through 1996. These patients met the current consensus definition of IPF. We excluded patients who had received prior treatment for IPF, had no follow-up data, or had no pulmonary function results available at the index visit. Results: Of the 197 patients fulfilling the inclusion criteria, the mean (+/- SD) age was 71.4 +/- 8.9 years, 137 patients (70%) were men, and the mean BMI was 28.2 +/- 4.6. These patients were categorized by BMI into the following three groups: < 25; 25 to 30; and >/= 30. There were 46 patients (23%) with a BMI of < 25 who had a median survival time of 3.6 years (1-year survival rate, 76% [95% confidence interval (CI), 65 to 90%]; 3-year survival rate, 54% [95% CI, 41 to 70%]). The second group consisted of 85 patients (43%) with a BMI between 25 and 30 who had a median survival time of 3.8 years (1-year survival rate, 84% [95% CI, 76 to 92%]; 3-year survival rate, 58% [95% CI, 48 to 70%]). The final group consisted of 66 patients (34%) with a BMI of >/= 30 and who had a median survival time of 5.8 years (1-year survival rate, 91% [95% CI, 84 to 98%]; 3-year survival rate, 69% [95% CI, 58 to 81%]). Using a proportional hazards regression model, survival was significantly associated with BMI (hazard ratio, 0.93 for each 1-U increase in BMI; 95% CI, 0.89 to 0.97; p = 0.002) with increased BMI being associated with better survival. Conclusion: Higher BMI was associated with better survival in patients with IPF.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Body Mass Index ; Cohort Studies ; Confidence Intervals ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prognosis ; Proportional Hazards Models ; Pulmonary Fibrosis/diagnosis ; Pulmonary Fibrosis/mortality ; Survival Rate
Language	English
Publishing date	2007-05
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	1032552-9
ISSN	1931-3543 ; 0012-3692
ISSN (online)	1931-3543
ISSN	0012-3692
DOI	10.1378/chest.06-2784
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Article: The role of autopsy in the intensive care unit.

Nadrous, Hassan F / Afessa, Bekele / Pfeifer, Eric A / Peters, Steve G

Mayo Clinic proceedings

2003 Volume 78, Issue 8, Page(s) 947–950

Abstract: Objective: To identify the frequency and spectrum of clinically relevant diagnoses found at autopsy but not determined before death in adult patients admitted to an intensive care unit (ICU).: Patients and methods: We retrospectively reviewed medical ...

Abstract	Objective: To identify the frequency and spectrum of clinically relevant diagnoses found at autopsy but not determined before death in adult patients admitted to an intensive care unit (ICU). Patients and methods: We retrospectively reviewed medical records and autopsy reports of patients admitted to ICUs from January 1, 1998, to December 31, 2000. Disagreements between autopsy and antemortem diagnoses were classified as type I or type II errors. A new major diagnosis with potential for directly impacting therapy was considered a type I error. Type II errors included important findings that would not have likely changed therapy. Results: Of 1597 deaths in all ICUs during the study period, autopsies were performed in 527 patients (33%). Autopsy reports were available in 455 patients, of whom 19 (4%) had type I errors and 78 (17%) had type II errors. The most common type I error was cardiac tamponade. There were no significant differences in age, sex, or length of stay in the ICU or hospital among patients with and without diagnostic errors or among patients with type I and II errors. Seventy-eight patients had 81 type II errors. Organ transplant recipients had more type I or II errors than did nontransplant patients (35% vs 20%; P = .04). Conclusions: Diagnoses with impact on therapy and outcome are missed in approximately 4% of deaths of adult patients admitted to the ICU. Transplant recipients are especially likely to have occult conditions for which additional therapy might be indicated.
MeSH term(s)	Autopsy/statistics & numerical data ; Cause of Death ; Chi-Square Distribution ; Diagnostic Errors/statistics & numerical data ; Female ; Humans ; Intensive Care Units/standards ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies ; Statistics, Nonparametric
Language	English
Publishing date	2003-08
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	124027-4
ISSN	1942-5546 ; 0025-6196
ISSN (online)	1942-5546
ISSN	0025-6196
DOI	10.4065/78.8.947
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Article: Pulmonary cryptococcosis in nonimmunocompromised patients.

Nadrous, Hassan F / Antonios, Vera S / Terrell, Christine L / Ryu, Jay H

Chest

2003 Volume 124, Issue 6, Page(s) 2143–2147

Abstract: Background: Cryptococcus neoformans can cause serious systemic infections requiring systemic antifungal therapy in immunocompromised hosts. However, isolated pulmonary cryptococcosis in nonimmunocompromised hosts has been reported to resolve ... ...

Abstract	Background: Cryptococcus neoformans can cause serious systemic infections requiring systemic antifungal therapy in immunocompromised hosts. However, isolated pulmonary cryptococcosis in nonimmunocompromised hosts has been reported to resolve spontaneously without treatment. Study objective: s: To determine the role of antifungal therapy in the management of isolated pulmonary cryptococcosis in nonimmunocompromised hosts. Design: Retrospective study. Setting: Tertiary care, referral medical center Patients: Thirty-six nonimmunocompromised subjects with isolated pulmonary cryptococcosis who received diagnoses at the Mayo Clinic (Rochester, MN) from 1976 to 2001. Interventions: None. Measurements and results: Of 42 nonimmunocompromised subjects with cryptococcal infections, 36 (86%) had isolated pulmonary cryptococcosis. The mean (+/- SD) age of these 36 patients was 61 +/- 15 years (range, 14 to 88 years), and the groups included 17 men (47%) and 19 women (53%). Twenty-four patients (67%) were symptomatic, and 12 patients (33%) were asymptomatic. The most common presenting symptoms were cough, dyspnea, and fever. Cultures of sputum and bronchial washings most commonly yielded the diagnosis. Cerebrospinal fluid examination was performed in 11 patients (31%) and was negative in all of them. Follow-up information was available on 25 patients (69%) with a median duration of 19 months (range, 1 to 330 months). Twenty-three of these patients (92%) had resolution of their disease (no treatment, 8 patients; surgical resection only, 6 patients; and antifungal therapy, 9 patients). The condition of the two remaining patients had improved. There was no documented treatment failure, relapse, dissemination, or death in any of these 25 patients. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that an initial period of observation without the administration of antifungal therapy is a reasonable option for nonimmunocompromised subjects with pulmonary cryptococcosis in the absence of systemic symptoms or evidence of dissemination, as well as after surgical resection for focal cryptococcal pneumonia.
MeSH term(s)	Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Antifungal Agents/therapeutic use ; Comorbidity ; Cryptococcosis/drug therapy ; Cryptococcosis/immunology ; Cryptococcosis/physiopathology ; Cryptococcus neoformans/isolation & purification ; Female ; Humans ; Lung Diseases, Fungal/drug therapy ; Lung Diseases, Fungal/immunology ; Lung Diseases, Fungal/physiopathology ; Male ; Medical Records ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies
Chemical Substances	Antifungal Agents
Language	English
Publishing date	2003-12
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	1032552-9
ISSN	1931-3543 ; 0012-3692
ISSN (online)	1931-3543
ISSN	0012-3692
DOI	10.1016/s0012-3692(15)31671-8
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Article: Tracheal myxoma: a rare benign tracheal tumor.

Nadrous, Hassan F / Krowka, Michael J / Myers, Jeffrey L / Allen, Mark S / Sabri, Alain N

Mayo Clinic proceedings

2004 Volume 79, Issue 7, Page(s) 931–933

Abstract: Benign tracheal tumors are rare. We describe a 39-year-old man who underwent resection of a tracheal myxoma, a previously unrecognized benign tracheal neoplasm. He presented with a 9-month history of wheezing, cough, and dyspnea on exertion. Treatment ... ...

Abstract	Benign tracheal tumors are rare. We describe a 39-year-old man who underwent resection of a tracheal myxoma, a previously unrecognized benign tracheal neoplasm. He presented with a 9-month history of wheezing, cough, and dyspnea on exertion. Treatment with bronchodilators and corticosteroids administered by inhalation and systemically did not diminish his symptoms. Pulmonary function tests showed a pattern of airflow limitation consistent with variable extrathoracic obstruction. Chest radiography and computed tomography revealed a tracheal mass. Tracheal resection of the tumor with reconstruction was curative. The patient is free of disease 7 years after surgery.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Humans ; Male ; Myxoma/diagnosis ; Myxoma/pathology ; Myxoma/therapy ; Rare Diseases ; Tracheal Neoplasms/diagnosis ; Tracheal Neoplasms/pathology ; Tracheal Neoplasms/therapy
Language	English
Publishing date	2004-07-08
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	124027-4
ISSN	1942-5546 ; 0025-6196
ISSN (online)	1942-5546
ISSN	0025-6196
DOI	10.4065/79.7.931
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