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Book ; Online: Variability and combination as ensemble of mineral dust forecast during the 2021 CADDIWA experiment

Menut, Laurent

eISSN: 1991-9603

2023

Abstract: As an operational support to the CADDIWA field campaign, the coupled regional model WRF-CHIMERE is deployed in forecast mode during the summer 2021. The simulation domain covers West Africa and the East Atlantic and allows the modeling of dust emissions ... ...

Abstract	As an operational support to the CADDIWA field campaign, the coupled regional model WRF-CHIMERE is deployed in forecast mode during the summer 2021. The simulation domain covers West Africa and the East Atlantic and allows the modeling of dust emissions and their transport to the Atlantic. On this route, we find Cape Verde which was used as a base for measurements during the CADDIWA campaign. The forecast consists of meteorological variables and mineral dust concentrations on a horizontal grid with a resolution of 30 km and from the surface to 200 hPa. Each day, the simulation starts the day before (D-1) and up to four days ahead (D+4). For each day, we thus have six different calculations, with logically a better precision the closer we get to the analysis (D-1). In this study, a quantification of the forecast variability of wind, temperature, precipitations and mineral dust concentrations according to the modelled lead is presented. It has been shown that the forecast quality doesn't decrease with time and that high variability on some days for some variables (wind, temperature) does not explain the behavior of other dependent and downwind variables (mineral dust concentrations). A new hypothesis is also tested: why not consider the several six forecast leads available for each date as members of an ensemble forecast? It has been shown that this new forecast, the mean of all forecast leads, is able to give better results for two AERONET stations on the four available for Aerosol Optical Depth. This could open the door to further testing with more complex operational systems.
Subject code	551
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-01-16
Publishing country	de
Document type	Book ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Lagrangian and Eulerian modelling of

Adenis, Léo / Mailler, Sylvain / Menut, Laurent / Achim, Pascal / Generoso, Sylvia

Journal of environmental radioactivity

2024 Volume 275, Page(s) 107416

Abstract: In September 2017, numerous measurement stations recorded large surface concentrations of Ru106 in Europe. This event was well recorded by various monitoring stations worldwide and offer a valuable framework to compare the modelling strategies deployed ... ...

Abstract	In September 2017, numerous measurement stations recorded large surface concentrations of Ru106 in Europe. This event was well recorded by various monitoring stations worldwide and offer a valuable framework to compare the modelling strategies deployed to quickly evaluate where the plume goes and with what concentrations. In general, the source and its intensity are not known and hypotheses have to be done. Models have to be fast and accurate: Lagrangian and Eulerian are often used but rarely compared. In this study, the FLEXPART Lagrangian model and the WRF-CHIMERE Eulerian models are used to simulate the emissions, transport and deposition of this source of Ru106. First, it is shown that the hypothesis of location, timing and intensity of the source is realistic, by comparison to surface measurements. Second, sensitivity analysis performed with the Eulerian model and several transport scheme showed that this model may provide better results than the Lagrangian one. It opens the door to further development, including chemistry and mixing with other pollutants during these specific events.
MeSH term(s)	Radiation Monitoring/methods ; Air Pollutants, Radioactive/analysis ; Atmosphere/chemistry ; Ruthenium ; Models, Theoretical ; Models, Chemical ; Europe
Chemical Substances	Air Pollutants, Radioactive ; Ruthenium (7UI0TKC3U5)
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-03-23
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1483112-0
ISSN	1879-1700 ; 0265-931X
ISSN (online)	1879-1700
ISSN	0265-931X
DOI	10.1016/j.jenvrad.2024.107416
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Black carbon health impacts in the Indo-Gangetic plain: Exposures, risks, and mitigation.

Verma, Shubha / Ghosh, Sanhita / Boucher, Olivier / Wang, Rong / Menut, Laurent

Science advances

2022 Volume 8, Issue 31, Page(s) eabo4093

Abstract: A large discrepancy between simulated and observed black carbon (BC) surface concentrations over the densely populated Indo-Gangetic plain (IGP) has so far limited our ability to assess the magnitude of BC health impacts in terms of population exposure, ... ...

Abstract	A large discrepancy between simulated and observed black carbon (BC) surface concentrations over the densely populated Indo-Gangetic plain (IGP) has so far limited our ability to assess the magnitude of BC health impacts in terms of population exposure, morbidity, and mortality. We evaluate these impacts using an integrated modeling framework, including successfully predicted BC concentrations. Population exposure to BC is notable, with more than 60 million people identified as living in hotspots of BC concentration (wintertime mean, >20 μg m
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-08-05
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2810933-8
ISSN	2375-2548 ; 2375-2548
ISSN (online)	2375-2548
ISSN	2375-2548
DOI	10.1126/sciadv.abo4093
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Article ; Online: Pathways for wintertime deposition of anthropogenic light-absorbing particles on the Central Andes cryosphere.

Lapere, Rémy / Mailler, Sylvain / Menut, Laurent / Huneeus, Nicolás

Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)

2020 Volume 272, Page(s) 115901

Abstract: Ice and snow in the Central Andes contain significant amounts of light-absorbing particles such as black carbon. The consequent accelerated melting of the cryosphere is not only a threat from a climate perspective but also for water resources and snow- ... ...

Abstract	Ice and snow in the Central Andes contain significant amounts of light-absorbing particles such as black carbon. The consequent accelerated melting of the cryosphere is not only a threat from a climate perspective but also for water resources and snow-dependent species and activities, worsened by the mega-drought affecting the region since the last decade. Given its proximity to the Andes, emissions from the Metropolitan Area of Santiago, Chile, are believed to be among the main contributors to deposition on glaciers. However, no evidence backs such an assertion, especially given the usually subsident and stable conditions in wintertime, when the snowpack is at its maximum extent. Based on high-resolution chemistry-transport modeling with WRF-CHIMERE, the present work shows that, for the month of July 2015, up to 40% of black carbon dry deposition on snow or ice covered areas in the Central Andes downwind from the Metropolitan area can be attributed to emissions from Santiago. Through the analysis of aerosol tracers we determine (i) that the areas of the Metropolitan Area where emissions matter most when it comes to export towards glaciers are located in Eastern Santiago near the foothills of the Andes, (ii) the crucial role of the network of Andean valleys that channels pollutants up to remote locations near glaciers, following gentle slopes. A direct corollary is that severe urban pollution, and deposition of impurities on the Andes, are anti-correlated phenomena. Finally, a two-variable meteorological index is developed that accounts for the dynamics of aerosol export towards the Andes, based on the zonal wind speed over the urban area, and the vertical diffusion coefficient in the valleys close to ice and snow covered terrain. Numerous large urban areas are found along the Andes so that the processes studied here can shed light on similar investigations for other glaciers-dependent Andean regions.
MeSH term(s)	Aerosols/analysis ; Chile ; Environmental Monitoring ; Ice Cover ; Snow
Chemical Substances	Aerosols
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-10-22
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	280652-6
ISSN	1873-6424 ; 0013-9327 ; 0269-7491
ISSN (online)	1873-6424
ISSN	0013-9327 ; 0269-7491
DOI	10.1016/j.envpol.2020.115901
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Book ; Online: The CHIMERE chemistry-transport model v2023r1

Menut, Laurent / Cholakian, Arineh / Pennel, Romain / Siour, Guillaume / Mailler, Sylvain / Valari, Myrto / Lugon, Lya / Meurdesoif, Yann

eISSN: 1991-9603

2024

Abstract: A new version of the CHIMERE model is presented. This version contains both computational and physico-chemical changes. The computational changes make it easy to choose the variables to be extracted as a result, including values of maximum sub-hourly ... ...

Abstract	A new version of the CHIMERE model is presented. This version contains both computational and physico-chemical changes. The computational changes make it easy to choose the variables to be extracted as a result, including values of maximum sub-hourly concentrations. Performance tests show that the model is 1.5 to 2 times faster than the previous version for the same set-up. Processes have been modified and updated such as turbulence, transport schemes and dry deposition. Optimization was also performed for the management of emissions such as anthropogenic and mineral dust. The impact of fires on wind speed, soil properties and LAI was added. Pollen emissions, transport and deposition were added for birch, ragweed, olive, grass. The model is validated with a simulation covering Europe with 60×60 km resolution and the entire year of 2019. Results are compared to various measurements, and statistical scores show that the model provides better results than the previous versions.
Subject code	660
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-16
Publishing country	de
Document type	Book ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Book ; Online: Impact of Landes forest fires on air quality in France during the summer 2022

Menut, Laurent / Cholakian, Arineh / Siour, Guillaume / Lapere, Remy / Pennel, Romain / Mailler, Sylvain / Bessagnet, Bertrand

eISSN:

2023

Abstract: The atypical huge forest fires observed in France during the summer of 2022 are modeled using the CHIMERE model. The impact of these emissions is quantified on ozone, aerosols and aerosol optical depth (AOD). The fires also influence the surface by ... ...

Abstract	The atypical huge forest fires observed in France during the summer of 2022 are modeled using the CHIMERE model. The impact of these emissions is quantified on ozone, aerosols and aerosol optical depth (AOD). The fires also influence the surface by destroying the vegetation and creating new erodible surfaces. This increases the mineral dust emissions but also reduces the leaf area index (LAI), and then it decreases the biogenic emissions and the dry deposition of gases such as ozone. Results show that the fires induce numerous increases in surface ozone and particulate matter (PM) concentrations close to the sources but also in downwind remote sites such as the Paris area. During the period of the most intense fires in July, the impact of concentrations is mainly due to emissions themselves, and later, in August, ozone and PM concentrations continue to increase but this time due to changes in the burned surfaces.
Subject code	910
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-07-04
Publishing country	de
Document type	Book ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Book ; Online: Impact of Landes forest fires on air quality in France during the 2022 summer

Menut, Laurent / Cholakian, Arineh / Siour, Guillaume / Lapere, Rémy / Pennel, Romain / Mailler, Sylvain / Bessagnet, Bertrand

eISSN: 1680-7324

2023

Abstract	The atypical huge forest fires observed in France during the summer of 2022 are modeled using the CHIMERE model. The impact of these emissions is quantified on ozone, aerosols and aerosol optical depth (AOD). The fires also influence the surface by destroying the vegetation and creating new erodible surfaces. This increases the mineral dust emissions but also reduces the leaf area index (LAI), and then it decreases the biogenic emissions and the dry deposition of gases such as ozone. Results show that the fires induce numerous increases in surface ozone and particulate matter (PM) concentrations close to the sources but also in downwind remote sites such as the Paris area. During the period of the most intense fires in July, the impact of concentrations is mainly due to emissions themselves, and later, in August, ozone and PM concentrations continue to increase but this time due to changes in the burned surfaces.
Subject code	910
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-07-04
Publishing country	de
Document type	Book ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article: Pathways for wintertime deposition of anthropogenic light-absorbing particles on the Central Andes cryosphere

Lapere, Rémy / Mailler, Sylvain / Menut, Laurent / Huneeus, Nicolás

Environmental pollution. 2021 Mar. 01, v. 272

2021

Abstract	Ice and snow in the Central Andes contain significant amounts of light-absorbing particles such as black carbon. The consequent accelerated melting of the cryosphere is not only a threat from a climate perspective but also for water resources and snow-dependent species and activities, worsened by the mega-drought affecting the region since the last decade. Given its proximity to the Andes, emissions from the Metropolitan Area of Santiago, Chile, are believed to be among the main contributors to deposition on glaciers. However, no evidence backs such an assertion, especially given the usually subsident and stable conditions in wintertime, when the snowpack is at its maximum extent. Based on high-resolution chemistry-transport modeling with WRF-CHIMERE, the present work shows that, for the month of July 2015, up to 40% of black carbon dry deposition on snow or ice covered areas in the Central Andes downwind from the Metropolitan area can be attributed to emissions from Santiago. Through the analysis of aerosol tracers we determine (i) that the areas of the Metropolitan Area where emissions matter most when it comes to export towards glaciers are located in Eastern Santiago near the foothills of the Andes, (ii) the crucial role of the network of Andean valleys that channels pollutants up to remote locations near glaciers, following gentle slopes. A direct corollary is that severe urban pollution, and deposition of impurities on the Andes, are anti-correlated phenomena. Finally, a two-variable meteorological index is developed that accounts for the dynamics of aerosol export towards the Andes, based on the zonal wind speed over the urban area, and the vertical diffusion coefficient in the valleys close to ice and snow covered terrain. Numerous large urban areas are found along the Andes so that the processes studied here can shed light on similar investigations for other glaciers-dependent Andean regions.
Keywords	aerosols ; carbon ; climate ; diffusivity ; dry deposition ; exports ; ice ; landscapes ; metropolitan areas ; pollution ; snow ; snowpack ; wind speed ; winter ; Andes region ; Chile
Language	English
Dates of publication	2021-0301
Publishing place	Elsevier Ltd
Document type	Article
Note	NAL-AP-2-clean
ZDB-ID	280652-6
ISSN	1873-6424 ; 0013-9327 ; 0269-7491
ISSN (online)	1873-6424
ISSN	0013-9327 ; 0269-7491
DOI	10.1016/j.envpol.2020.115901
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Book ; Online: Seasonal variation in atmospheric pollutants transport in central Chile

Lapere, Rémy / Menut, Laurent / Mailler, Sylvain / Huneeus, Nicolás

eISSN: 1680-7324

dynamics and consequences

2021

Abstract: Central Chile faces atmospheric pollution issues all year long as a result of elevated concentrations of fine particulate matter during the cold months and tropospheric ozone during the warm season. In addition to public health issues, environmental ... ...

Abstract	Central Chile faces atmospheric pollution issues all year long as a result of elevated concentrations of fine particulate matter during the cold months and tropospheric ozone during the warm season. In addition to public health issues, environmental problems regarding vegetation growth and water supply, as well as meteorological feedback, are at stake. Sharp spatial gradients in regional emissions, along with a complex geographical situation, make for variable and heterogeneous dynamics in the localization and long-range transport of pollutants, with seasonal differences. Based on chemistry–transport modeling with Weather Research Forecasting (WRF)–CHIMERE, this work studies the following for one winter period and one summer period: (i) the contribution of emissions from the city of Santiago to air pollution in central Chile, and (ii) the reciprocal contribution of regional pollutants transported into the Santiago basin. The underlying 3-dimensional advection patterns are investigated. We find that, on average for the winter period, 5 to 10 µg m −3 of fine particulate matter in Santiago come from regional transport, corresponding to between 13 % and 15 % of average concentrations. In turn, emissions from Santiago contribute between 5 % and 10 % of fine particulate matter pollution as far as 500 km to the north and 500 km to the south. Wintertime transport occurs mostly close to the surface. In summertime, exported precursors from Santiago, in combination with mountain–valley circulation dynamics, are found to account for most of the ozone formation in the adjacent Andes cordillera and to create a persistent plume of ozone of more than 50 ppb (parts per billion), extending along 80 km horizontally and 1.5 km vertically, and located slightly north of Santiago, several hundred meters above the ground. This work constitutes the first description of the mechanism underlying the latter phenomenon. Emissions of precursors from the capital city also affect daily maxima of surface ozone hundreds of kilometers away. In parallel, cutting emissions of precursors in the Santiago basin results in an increase in surface ozone mixing ratios in its western area.
Subject code	333
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-04-28
Publishing country	de
Document type	Book ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Perioperative Risk Assessment of Patients Using the MyRISK Digital Score Completed Before the Preanesthetic Consultation: Prospective Observational Study.

Ferré, Fabrice / Laurent, Rodolphe / Furelau, Philippine / Doumard, Emmanuel / Ferrier, Anne / Bosch, Laetitia / Ba, Cyndie / Menut, Rémi / Kurrek, Matt / Geeraerts, Thomas / Piau, Antoine / Minville, Vincent

JMIR perioperative medicine

2023 Volume 6, Page(s) e39044

Abstract: Background: The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the potential of digital health solutions to adapt the organization of care in a crisis context.: Objective: Our aim was to describe the relationship between the MyRISK score, derived from ... ...

Abstract	Background: The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the potential of digital health solutions to adapt the organization of care in a crisis context. Objective: Our aim was to describe the relationship between the MyRISK score, derived from self-reported data collected by a chatbot before the preanesthetic consultation, and the occurrence of postoperative complications. Methods: This was a single-center prospective observational study that included 401 patients. The 16 items composing the MyRISK score were selected using the Delphi method. An algorithm was used to stratify patients with low (green), intermediate (orange), and high (red) risk. The primary end point concerned postoperative complications occurring in the first 6 months after surgery (composite criterion), collected by telephone and by consulting the electronic medical database. A logistic regression analysis was carried out to identify the explanatory variables associated with the complications. A machine learning model was trained to predict the MyRISK score using a larger data set of 1823 patients classified as green or red to reclassify individuals classified as orange as either modified green or modified red. User satisfaction and usability were assessed. Results: Of the 389 patients analyzed for the primary end point, 16 (4.1%) experienced a postoperative complication. A red score was independently associated with postoperative complications (odds ratio 5.9, 95% CI 1.5-22.3; P=.009). A modified red score was strongly correlated with postoperative complications (odds ratio 21.8, 95% CI 2.8-171.5; P=.003) and predicted postoperative complications with high sensitivity (94%) and high negative predictive value (99%) but with low specificity (49%) and very low positive predictive value (7%; area under the receiver operating characteristic curve=0.71). Patient satisfaction numeric rating scale and system usability scale median scores were 8.0 (IQR 7.0-9.0) out of 10 and 90.0 (IQR 82.5-95.0) out of 100, respectively. Conclusions: The MyRISK digital perioperative risk score established before the preanesthetic consultation was independently associated with the occurrence of postoperative complications. Its negative predictive strength was increased using a machine learning model to reclassify patients identified as being at intermediate risk. This reliable numerical categorization could be used to objectively refer patients with low risk to teleconsultation.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-01-16
Publishing country	Canada
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2561-9128
ISSN (online)	2561-9128
DOI	10.2196/39044
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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