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  1. Article ; Online: Factors associated with public and private healthcare utilization for outpatient care among older adults in India: A Wagstaff's decomposition of Anderson's behavioural model.

    Rahaman, Margubur / Roy, Avijit / Chouhan, Pradip / Kapasia, Nanigopal / Muhammad, T

    The International journal of health planning and management

    2024  

    Abstract: In India, an expanding ageing population will become a public health alarm, putting additional pressure on the healthcare system. Therefore, the current study aimed to examine the factors associated with outpatient healthcare choices among older Indian ... ...

    Abstract In India, an expanding ageing population will become a public health alarm, putting additional pressure on the healthcare system. Therefore, the current study aimed to examine the factors associated with outpatient healthcare choices among older Indian adults. We used data from the first wave of the Longitudinal Ageing Study in India (LASI, 2017-2018). A total of 34,588 individuals (age 45 years and over) who accessed outpatient healthcare services in the last 12 months during the survey were included in this research. A bivariate chi-square test was used to present the percentage distribution of types of outpatient healthcare utilisation by background characteristics. Multinomial logistic regression and Wagstaff's decomposition analyses were employed to explore the interplay of outpatient healthcare utilisation and allied predisposing, enabling, and need factors and examine these factors' contributions to the wealth-based inequalities in public, private, and other healthcare utilisation. Outpatient healthcare utilisation varied significantly according to socioeconomic and demographic factors. The findings suggest that consumption quintiles, place of residence, education, and health insurance were significant determinants of private and public healthcare utilisation and contributed to wealth-based inequalities in healthcare choices. The current study emphasises the need to strengthen and promote public healthcare services.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-25
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 632786-2
    ISSN 1099-1751 ; 0749-6753
    ISSN (online) 1099-1751
    ISSN 0749-6753
    DOI 10.1002/hpm.3771
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Unveiling the spatial divide in open defecation practices across India: an application of spatial regression and Fairlie decomposition model.

    Roy, Avijit / Rahaman, Margubur / Adhikary, Mihir / Kapasia, Nanigopal / Chouhan, Pradip / Das, Kailash Chandra

    BMJ open

    2023  Volume 13, Issue 7, Page(s) e072507

    Abstract: Objective: The study contextualises the spatial heterogeneity and associated drivers of open defecation (OD) in India.: Design: The present study involved a secondary cross-sectional survey data from the fifth round of the National Family Health ... ...

    Abstract Objective: The study contextualises the spatial heterogeneity and associated drivers of open defecation (OD) in India.
    Design: The present study involved a secondary cross-sectional survey data from the fifth round of the National Family Health Survey conducted during 2019-2021 in India. We mapped the spatial heterogeneity of OD practices using LISA clustering techniques and assessed the critical drivers of OD using multivariate regression models. Fairlie decomposition model was used to identify the factors responsible for developing OD hot spots and cold spots.
    Setting and participants: The study was conducted in India and included 636 699 sampled households within 36 states and union territories covering 707 districts of India.
    Primary and secondary outcome measures: The outcome measure was the prevalence of OD.
    Results: The prevalence of OD was almost 20%, with hot spots primarily located in the north-central belts of the country. The rural-urban (26% vs 6%), illiterate-higher educated (32% vs 4%) and poor-rich (52% vs 2%) gaps in OD were very high. The odds of OD were 2.7 and 1.9 times higher in rural areas and households without water supply service on premises compared with their counterparts. The spatial error model identified households with an illiterate head (coefficient=0.50, p=0.001) as the leading spatially linked predictor of OD, followed by the poorest (coefficient=0.31, p=0.001) and the Hindu (coefficient=0.10, p=0.001). The high-high and low-low cluster inequality in OD was 38%, with household wealth quintile (67%) found to be the most significant contributing factor, followed by religion (22.8%) and level of education (6%).
    Conclusion: The practice of OD is concentrated in the north-central belt of India and is particularly among the poor, illiterate and socially backward groups. Policy measures should be taken to improve sanitation practices, particularly in high-focus districts and among vulnerable groups, by adopting multispectral and multisectoral approaches.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Spatial Regression ; Defecation ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Socioeconomic Factors ; India/epidemiology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-07-05
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2599832-8
    ISSN 2044-6055 ; 2044-6055
    ISSN (online) 2044-6055
    ISSN 2044-6055
    DOI 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-072507
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Unveiling the spatial divide in open defecation practices across India

    Avijit Roy / Margubur Rahaman / Mihir Adhikary / Nanigopal Kapasia / Pradip Chouhan / Kailash Chandra Das

    BMJ Open, Vol 13, Iss

    an application of spatial regression and Fairlie decomposition model

    2023  Volume 7

    Abstract: Objective The study contextualises the spatial heterogeneity and associated drivers of open defecation (OD) in India.Design The present study involved a secondary cross-sectional survey data from the fifth round of the National Family Health Survey ... ...

    Abstract Objective The study contextualises the spatial heterogeneity and associated drivers of open defecation (OD) in India.Design The present study involved a secondary cross-sectional survey data from the fifth round of the National Family Health Survey conducted during 2019–2021 in India. We mapped the spatial heterogeneity of OD practices using LISA clustering techniques and assessed the critical drivers of OD using multivariate regression models. Fairlie decomposition model was used to identify the factors responsible for developing OD hot spots and cold spots.Setting and participants The study was conducted in India and included 636 699 sampled households within 36 states and union territories covering 707 districts of India.Primary and secondary outcome measures The outcome measure was the prevalence of OD.Results The prevalence of OD was almost 20%, with hot spots primarily located in the north-central belts of the country. The rural–urban (26% vs 6%), illiterate-higher educated (32% vs 4%) and poor-rich (52% vs 2%) gaps in OD were very high. The odds of OD were 2.7 and 1.9 times higher in rural areas and households without water supply service on premises compared with their counterparts. The spatial error model identified households with an illiterate head (coefficient=0.50, p=0.001) as the leading spatially linked predictor of OD, followed by the poorest (coefficient=0.31, p=0.001) and the Hindu (coefficient=0.10, p=0.001). The high-high and low-low cluster inequality in OD was 38%, with household wealth quintile (67%) found to be the most significant contributing factor, followed by religion (22.8%) and level of education (6%).Conclusion The practice of OD is concentrated in the north-central belt of India and is particularly among the poor, illiterate and socially backward groups. Policy measures should be taken to improve sanitation practices, particularly in high-focus districts and among vulnerable groups, by adopting multispectral and multisectoral approaches.
    Keywords Medicine ; R
    Subject code 290
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-07-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher BMJ Publishing Group
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  4. Article: Perceived academic satisfaction level, psychological stress and academic risk among Indian students amidst COVID-19 pandemic

    Kapasia, Nanigopal / Paul, Pintu / Roy, Avijit / Das, Puja / Ghosh, Tanmoy / Chouhan, Pradip

    Heliyon. 2022 May, v. 8, no. 5

    2022  

    Abstract: The Covid-19 pandemic has a significant impact on education and mental health outcomes. This study attempts to analyze the factors associated with academic satisfaction level, psychological stress/anxiety, and future academic risk among Indian students ... ...

    Abstract The Covid-19 pandemic has a significant impact on education and mental health outcomes. This study attempts to analyze the factors associated with academic satisfaction level, psychological stress/anxiety, and future academic risk among Indian students of higher education in the wake of the Covid-19 pandemic. An online survey was conducted through a structured questionnaire among students of higher education. Multivariate ordered logistic regression models were performed to find out the predictors of perceived academic satisfaction level, psychological stress, and academic risk among the participants. Among the 630 participants, the majority of the students (73%) had low to moderate levels of academic satisfaction. Over two-thirds of participants (68%) had a high level of stress and nearly two-fifths (38%) of the participants felt very high risk in their academic career. The multivariate logistic regression models show that the likelihood of psychological stress and academic risk was significantly higher among students aged above 25 years, researchers, and those who belong to broken families. Besides, the higher probability of satisfaction level is associated with female students, undergraduates, belonging to economically well-off families, and rural residents. Our study suggests that the Covid-19 pandemic leads to a range of psychological health problems. Therefore, increase students’ satisfaction with online classes and it is essential to preserve the mental health of individuals and to develop psychological interventions that can improve the mental health of students during the Covid-19 pandemic.
    Keywords COVID-19 infection ; anxiety ; females ; mental health ; psychological stress ; questionnaires ; regression analysis ; risk ; surveys
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2022-05
    Publishing place Elsevier Ltd
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 2835763-2
    ISSN 2405-8440
    ISSN 2405-8440
    DOI 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e09440
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  5. Article: Perceived academic satisfaction level, psychological stress and academic risk among Indian students amidst COVID-19 pandemic.

    Kapasia, Nanigopal / Paul, Pintu / Roy, Avijit / Das, Puja / Ghosh, Tanmoy / Chouhan, Pradip

    Heliyon

    2022  Volume 8, Issue 5, Page(s) e09440

    Abstract: Background: The Covid-19 pandemic has a significant impact on education and mental health outcomes. This study attempts to analyze the factors associated with academic satisfaction level, psychological stress/anxiety, and future academic risk among ... ...

    Abstract Background: The Covid-19 pandemic has a significant impact on education and mental health outcomes. This study attempts to analyze the factors associated with academic satisfaction level, psychological stress/anxiety, and future academic risk among Indian students of higher education in the wake of the Covid-19 pandemic.
    Methods: An online survey was conducted through a structured questionnaire among students of higher education. Multivariate ordered logistic regression models were performed to find out the predictors of perceived academic satisfaction level, psychological stress, and academic risk among the participants.
    Results: Among the 630 participants, the majority of the students (73%) had low to moderate levels of academic satisfaction. Over two-thirds of participants (68%) had a high level of stress and nearly two-fifths (38%) of the participants felt very high risk in their academic career. The multivariate logistic regression models show that the likelihood of psychological stress and academic risk was significantly higher among students aged above 25 years, researchers, and those who belong to broken families. Besides, the higher probability of satisfaction level is associated with female students, undergraduates, belonging to economically well-off families, and rural residents.
    Conclusion: Our study suggests that the Covid-19 pandemic leads to a range of psychological health problems. Therefore, increase students' satisfaction with online classes and it is essential to preserve the mental health of individuals and to develop psychological interventions that can improve the mental health of students during the Covid-19 pandemic.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-05-14
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2835763-2
    ISSN 2405-8440
    ISSN 2405-8440
    DOI 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e09440
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: Examining the rural-urban divide in predisposing, enabling, and need factors of unsafe abortion in India using Andersen's behavioral model.

    Rahaman, Margubur / Das, Puja / Chouhan, Pradip / Das, Kailash Chandra / Roy, Avijit / Kapasia, Nanigopal

    BMC public health

    2022  Volume 22, Issue 1, Page(s) 1497

    Abstract: Background: The prevalence of unsafe abortions significantly varies with geography; therefore, more research is needed to understand the rural-urban differences in unsafe abortion practices in India. The present study aims to explore the rural-urban ... ...

    Abstract Background: The prevalence of unsafe abortions significantly varies with geography; therefore, more research is needed to understand the rural-urban differences in unsafe abortion practices in India. The present study aims to explore the rural-urban differences in predisposing, enabling, and need factors of unsafe abortion in India.
    Methods: The present study used the fourth round of the National Family Health Survey (2015-16) and included the women aged 15-49 who terminated pregnancies by induced abortion during the 5 years prior to the survey (N = 9113) as the study sample. Descriptive statistics, bivariate chi-square significance test and multivariate logistic regression model were used to accomplish the study objectives.
    Results: The findings revealed that almost one-third of pregnancies were terminated through unsafe measures with sharp rural-urban contrast. The likelihood of unsafe abortions increases with decreasing women's age and spousal level of education. Younger women in urban settings were more vulnerable to unsafe abortion practices. In rural settings, women with an uneducated spouse are more likely to have unsafe abortions (OR: 1.92). Poor households were more likely to undergo unsafe abortions, which were more common in rural settings (OR: 1.26). The unmet need for family planning was revealed to be a significant need factor for unsafe abortion, particularly in rural settings.
    Conclusion: Although abortion is legal, India's high estimated frequency of unsafe abortions reveals a serious public health issue. Due to socio-economic vulnerability, unmet family planning needs, and a lack of awareness, significant numbers of women still practice unsafe abortions in India.
    MeSH term(s) Abortion, Induced ; Abortion, Spontaneous ; Educational Status ; Family Planning Services ; Female ; Humans ; Pregnancy ; Rural Population
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-08-05
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2041338-5
    ISSN 1471-2458 ; 1471-2458
    ISSN (online) 1471-2458
    ISSN 1471-2458
    DOI 10.1186/s12889-022-13912-4
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article ; Online: Geographical variability and factors associated with caesarean section delivery in India: a comparative assessment of Bihar and Tamil Nadu.

    Roy, Avijit / Paul, Pintu / Chouhan, Pradip / Rahaman, Margubur / Kapasia, Nanigopal

    BMC public health

    2021  Volume 21, Issue 1, Page(s) 1715

    Abstract: Background: Caesarean section delivery is a major life-saving obstetric surgical intervention for mothers and babies from pregnancy and childbirth related complications. This paper attempts to investigate the geographical variations and correlating ... ...

    Abstract Background: Caesarean section delivery is a major life-saving obstetric surgical intervention for mothers and babies from pregnancy and childbirth related complications. This paper attempts to investigate the geographical variations and correlating factors of caesarean section delivery in India, particularly focusing on the states of Bihar and Tamil Nadu, accounting for one of the lowest and highest prevalence states of caesarean section delivery respectively.
    Methods: This study is based on secondary data, collected from the fourth round of the National Family Health Survey (NFHS-4), 2015-16. We utilized 190,898 women aged 15-49 years who had a living child during the past 5 years preceding the survey. In this study, caesarean section delivery was the outcome variable. A variety of demographic, socio-economic, and pregnancy- and delivery-related variables were considered as explanatory variables. Descriptive statistics, bivariate percentage distribution, Pearson's Chi-square test, and multivariate binary logistic regression models were employed to draw the inferences from data.
    Results: Of participants, about 19% of women had undergone caesarean section delivery in the country. The state-wise distribution shows that Telangana (60%) followed by Andhra Pradesh (42%) and Tamil Nadu (36%) represented the topmost states in caesarean delivery, while Bihar (7%), Madhya Pradesh (10%), and Jharkhand (11%) placed at the bottom end. Multivariate logistic models show that the likelihood of caesarean delivery was higher among older women (35-49 years), women with higher levels of education, Muslims, women belonging to the upper quintiles of the household wealth, and those who received antenatal care (ANC), experienced pregnancy loss and delivery complications. Moreover, the odds of caesarean section delivery were remarkably greater for the private health sector than the public health sector in both focused states: Bihar (odds ratio [OR] = 12.84; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 10.90, 15.13) and Tamil Nadu (OR = 2.90; 95% CI: 2.54, 3.31).
    Conclusion: Findings of this study suggest that improvement in female education, providing economic incentives, and spreading awareness through mass media could raise the caesarean section delivery among women whose vaginal delivery could be unsafe for them as well as for their babies. Moreover, providing adequate ANC and well-equipped public healthcare services would facilitate caesarean delivery among needy women.
    MeSH term(s) Abortion, Spontaneous ; Aged ; Cesarean Section ; Child ; Delivery, Obstetric ; Female ; Humans ; India/epidemiology ; Pregnancy ; Prenatal Care ; Socioeconomic Factors
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-09-21
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 1471-2458
    ISSN (online) 1471-2458
    DOI 10.1186/s12889-021-11750-4
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article ; Online: Geographical variability and factors associated with caesarean section delivery in India

    Avijit Roy / Pintu Paul / Pradip Chouhan / Margubur Rahaman / Nanigopal Kapasia

    BMC Public Health, Vol 21, Iss 1, Pp 1-

    a comparative assessment of Bihar and Tamil Nadu

    2021  Volume 15

    Abstract: Abstract Background Caesarean section delivery is a major life-saving obstetric surgical intervention for mothers and babies from pregnancy and childbirth related complications. This paper attempts to investigate the geographical variations and ... ...

    Abstract Abstract Background Caesarean section delivery is a major life-saving obstetric surgical intervention for mothers and babies from pregnancy and childbirth related complications. This paper attempts to investigate the geographical variations and correlating factors of caesarean section delivery in India, particularly focusing on the states of Bihar and Tamil Nadu, accounting for one of the lowest and highest prevalence states of caesarean section delivery respectively. Methods This study is based on secondary data, collected from the fourth round of the National Family Health Survey (NFHS-4), 2015–16. We utilized 190,898 women aged 15–49 years who had a living child during the past 5 years preceding the survey. In this study, caesarean section delivery was the outcome variable. A variety of demographic, socio-economic, and pregnancy- and delivery-related variables were considered as explanatory variables. Descriptive statistics, bivariate percentage distribution, Pearson’s Chi-square test, and multivariate binary logistic regression models were employed to draw the inferences from data. Results Of participants, about 19% of women had undergone caesarean section delivery in the country. The state-wise distribution shows that Telangana (60%) followed by Andhra Pradesh (42%) and Tamil Nadu (36%) represented the topmost states in caesarean delivery, while Bihar (7%), Madhya Pradesh (10%), and Jharkhand (11%) placed at the bottom end. Multivariate logistic models show that the likelihood of caesarean delivery was higher among older women (35–49 years), women with higher levels of education, Muslims, women belonging to the upper quintiles of the household wealth, and those who received antenatal care (ANC), experienced pregnancy loss and delivery complications. Moreover, the odds of caesarean section delivery were remarkably greater for the private health sector than the public health sector in both focused states: Bihar (odds ratio [OR] = 12.84; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 10.90, 15.13) and Tamil Nadu (OR = 2.90; ...
    Keywords Caesarean delivery ; Caesarean section ; Socio-demographic factors ; Pregnancy ; Public-private sector ; India ; Public aspects of medicine ; RA1-1270
    Subject code 950
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-09-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher BMC
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  9. Article ; Online: Perceived academic satisfaction level, psychological stress and academic risk among Indian students amidst COVID-19 pandemic

    Nanigopal Kapasia / Pintu Paul / Avijit Roy / Puja Das / Tanmoy Ghosh / Pradip Chouhan

    Heliyon, Vol 8, Iss 5, Pp e09440- (2022)

    2022  

    Abstract: Background: The Covid-19 pandemic has a significant impact on education and mental health outcomes. This study attempts to analyze the factors associated with academic satisfaction level, psychological stress/anxiety, and future academic risk among ... ...

    Abstract Background: The Covid-19 pandemic has a significant impact on education and mental health outcomes. This study attempts to analyze the factors associated with academic satisfaction level, psychological stress/anxiety, and future academic risk among Indian students of higher education in the wake of the Covid-19 pandemic. Methods: An online survey was conducted through a structured questionnaire among students of higher education. Multivariate ordered logistic regression models were performed to find out the predictors of perceived academic satisfaction level, psychological stress, and academic risk among the participants. Results: Among the 630 participants, the majority of the students (73%) had low to moderate levels of academic satisfaction. Over two-thirds of participants (68%) had a high level of stress and nearly two-fifths (38%) of the participants felt very high risk in their academic career. The multivariate logistic regression models show that the likelihood of psychological stress and academic risk was significantly higher among students aged above 25 years, researchers, and those who belong to broken families. Besides, the higher probability of satisfaction level is associated with female students, undergraduates, belonging to economically well-off families, and rural residents. Conclusion: Our study suggests that the Covid-19 pandemic leads to a range of psychological health problems. Therefore, increase students’ satisfaction with online classes and it is essential to preserve the mental health of individuals and to develop psychological interventions that can improve the mental health of students during the Covid-19 pandemic.
    Keywords Academic satisfaction ; Psychological stress ; Academic risk ; Mental health ; Higher education ; Science (General) ; Q1-390 ; Social sciences (General) ; H1-99
    Subject code 027
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-05-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Elsevier
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  10. Article ; Online: Examining the rural-urban divide in predisposing, enabling, and need factors of unsafe abortion in India using Andersen’s behavioral model

    Margubur Rahaman / Puja Das / Pradip Chouhan / Kailash Chandra Das / Avijit Roy / Nanigopal Kapasia

    BMC Public Health, Vol 22, Iss 1, Pp 1-

    2022  Volume 14

    Abstract: Abstract Background The prevalence of unsafe abortions significantly varies with geography; therefore, more research is needed to understand the rural-urban differences in unsafe abortion practices in India. The present study aims to explore the rural- ... ...

    Abstract Abstract Background The prevalence of unsafe abortions significantly varies with geography; therefore, more research is needed to understand the rural-urban differences in unsafe abortion practices in India. The present study aims to explore the rural-urban differences in predisposing, enabling, and need factors of unsafe abortion in India. Methods The present study used the fourth round of the National Family Health Survey (2015–16) and included the women aged 15–49 who terminated pregnancies by induced abortion during the 5 years prior to the survey (N = 9113) as the study sample. Descriptive statistics, bivariate chi-square significance test and multivariate logistic regression model were used to accomplish the study objectives. Results The findings revealed that almost one-third of pregnancies were terminated through unsafe measures with sharp rural-urban contrast. The likelihood of unsafe abortions increases with decreasing women’s age and spousal level of education. Younger women in urban settings were more vulnerable to unsafe abortion practices. In rural settings, women with an uneducated spouse are more likely to have unsafe abortions (OR: 1.92). Poor households were more likely to undergo unsafe abortions, which were more common in rural settings (OR: 1.26). The unmet need for family planning was revealed to be a significant need factor for unsafe abortion, particularly in rural settings. Conclusion Although abortion is legal, India’s high estimated frequency of unsafe abortions reveals a serious public health issue. Due to socio-economic vulnerability, unmet family planning needs, and a lack of awareness, significant numbers of women still practice unsafe abortions in India.
    Keywords Unsafe abortion ; Rural-urban ; Andersen’s behavioral model ; India ; Public aspects of medicine ; RA1-1270
    Subject code 910
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-08-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher BMC
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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