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Article: [Plant Diversity Changes and Its Driving Factors of Abandoned Land at Different Restoration Stages in the Middle of the Qinling Mountains].

Yan, Cheng-Long / Xue, Yue / Wang, Yi-Fei / Kang, Hai-Bin / Wang, De-Xiang

Huan jing ke xue= Huanjing kexue

2024 Volume 45, Issue 2, Page(s) 992–1003

Abstract: ... 16， 31， and 50 a） in the Qinling Mountains as the research object， the variation characteristics ...

Abstract	The process of vegetation restoration is often accompanied by significant changes in aboveground plant diversity. To explore the driving mechanism of litter nutrient-soil nutrient-enzyme activity stoichiometry on aboveground vegetation change is of great importance for maintaining regional biodiversity conservation and ecological stability. Taking typical abandoned farmland of different restoration years （1， 8， 16， 31， and 50 a） in the Qinling Mountains as the research object， the variation characteristics of plant community diversity during vegetation restoration were analyzed through field investigation. Litter nutrients， soil nutrients， and the activities of five extracellular enzymes， including
MeSH term(s)	Plants ; Biodiversity ; Soil ; Soil Microbiology ; Nutrients ; Ecosystem ; China
Chemical Substances	Soil
Language	Chinese
Publishing date	2024-03-12
Publishing country	China
Document type	English Abstract ; Journal Article
ISSN	0250-3301
ISSN	0250-3301
DOI	10.13227/j.hjkx.202303002
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Article: Altitude distribution of fungal community in Huoditang in Qinling Mountains, Northwest China.

Zhou, Yu-Jie / Jia, Xia / Zhao, Yong-Hua / Chen, Nan-Nan / Yan, Jin / Tang, Jian-Qiu / Wang, Xi / Liu, Li

Ying yong sheng tai xue bao = The journal of applied ecology

2021 Volume 32, Issue 7, Page(s) 2589–2596

Abstract: ... Dominant tree species showed altitude distribution in Huoditang forest in Qinling Mountains ... in Qinling Mountains, which affected soil fungal community composition. ...

Title translation	秦岭火地塘真菌群落海拔分布格局.
Abstract	Soil fungi play an important role in soil nutrient cycling and carbon storage in natural ecosystems. Dominant tree species showed altitude distribution in Huoditang forest in Qinling Mountains, whereas the corresponding changes of soil characteristics and microbial communities are still unclear. In this study, the variations of soil characteristics were investigated at five altitudes (1500, 1700, 1900, 2100 and 2300 m). The collected soil samples were sequenced by Illumina MiSeq sequencing platform, and the pattern of fungal community was studied. The results showed that soil available phosphorus concentration (AP) and soil pH increased significantly whereas soil moisture showed a downward trend with increasing altitude. The Shannon diversity index of soil fungi decreased and ACE richness index showed an opposite trend with increasing altitude. Basidiomycota (68.2%), Ascomycota (19.9%), and Mortierellomycota (1.7%) were dominant fungal phyla, which showed a 'U' shape or 'peak' pattern according to altitude. Agaricomycetes (64.2%), Sordariomycetes (5.8%), and Leotiomycetes (4.1%) were the dominant fungal classes. Results of redundancy analysis (RDA) showed that 89.1% of the total variations of soil fungal community were explained by soil characteristics, while AP, pH and altitude were the main driving factors for altitude variations of soil fungal communities. Soil characteristics had certain differences with altitude changes in Huoditang forest region in Qinling Mountains, which affected soil fungal community composition.
MeSH term(s)	Altitude ; Ascomycota ; China ; Ecosystem ; Fungi/genetics ; Mycobiome ; Soil ; Soil Microbiology
Chemical Substances	Soil
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-07-27
Publishing country	China
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2881809-X
ISSN	1001-9332
ISSN	1001-9332
DOI	10.13287/j.1001-9332.202107.033
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Article ; Online: Dispersal behaviors stimulated by habitat alterations in golden snub-nosed monkeys (Rhinopithecus roxellana) in the Qinling Mountains, China

Cheng-Liang Wang / Liang Chen / Gang He / Xiao-Dong Yan / Tong Wu / Wei Li / Hai-Tao Zhao / Yi Ren / Wei-Wei Fu / Yan Wang / He Zhang / Xiao-Wei Wang / Wei-Feng Wang / Hong-Tao Zhao / Ru-Liang Pan / Bao-Guo Li

Zoological Research, Vol 44, Iss 2, Pp 366-

2023 Volume 369

Keywords	Zoology ; QL1-991
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-03-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Science Press, PR China
Document type	Article ; Online
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Article ; Online: Quality Evaluation of Wild Germplasm of Chinese Prickly Ash (Zanthoxylum bungeanum Maxim) from Qinling Mountains at Different Elevations Based on HPLC-Fingerprint.

Zheng, Tao / Su, Ke-Xing / Chen, Xi-Yan / Zhang, Ding-Ling / Liu, Shu-Ming

Chemistry & biodiversity

2022 Volume 19, Issue 3, Page(s) e202100965

Abstract: ... Maxim improvement and breeding. The Qinling Mountains was an abundant source for wild Chinese prickly ... time to evaluate the quality of wild Chinese prickly ash at different altitudes in Qinling Mountains ...

Abstract	Wild Chinese prickly ash resources provide a valuable genetic resource for Zanthoxylum bungeanum Maxim improvement and breeding. The Qinling Mountains was an abundant source for wild Chinese prickly ash. In this study, the phenolic and flavonoid compounds of wild germplasm resources from different altitudes and six cultivated varieties were analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The chromatograms of them were essentially consistent, although their chemical composition contents were greatly different. The thirty samples were divided into three categories through the hierarchical clustering analysis. Catechin, hyperoside and quercitrin were considered to be key compounds for the quality evaluation, and by contrast, the wild samples with an altitude of 2300±50 m (Group IV) had the highest content of key compounds, and presented stronger antioxidant activity and antibacterial ability, indicating that these wild samples could be identified as the excellent breeding resources. This is the first time to evaluate the quality of wild Chinese prickly ash at different altitudes in Qinling Mountains. These excellent wild germplasm resources provided substantial potential accessions for use directly in Chinese prickly ash breeding programs.
MeSH term(s)	China ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Flavonoids ; Phenols/chemistry ; Zanthoxylum/chemistry
Chemical Substances	Flavonoids ; Phenols
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-02-19
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2139001-0
ISSN	1612-1880 ; 1612-1872
ISSN (online)	1612-1880
ISSN	1612-1872
DOI	10.1002/cbdv.202100965
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Article ; Online: Establish an environmentally sustainable Giant Panda National Park in the Qinling Mountains.

Zhao, Yan / Chen, Yi-Ping / Ellison, Aaron M / Liu, Wan-Gang / Chen, Dong

The Science of the total environment

2019 Volume 668, Page(s) 979–987

Abstract: ... recognized worldwide as a symbol for conservation. The Qinling subspecies of giant panda (Ailuropoda ... melanoleuca qinlingensis) is highly endangered; fewer than 350 individuals still inhabit the Qinling Mountains ... and farmland within the GPNP to reduce other direct human impacts on the Qinling panda. ...

Abstract	The giant panda (Ailuropoda melanoleuca) is one of the most endangered animals in the world and is recognized worldwide as a symbol for conservation. The Qinling subspecies of giant panda (Ailuropoda melanoleuca qinlingensis) is highly endangered; fewer than 350 individuals still inhabit the Qinling Mountains. Last year, China announced the establishment of the first Giant Panda National Park (GPNP) with a goal of restoring and connecting fragmented habitats; the proposal ignored the environmental pollution caused by economic development in panda habitats. The spatial distribution of heavy metals (Cd, Pb, Hg, Cu, Zn, Mn, Cr, Ni and As) was analyzed in giant panda feces, soil, bamboo, and water in four of GPNP's functional areas at different altitudes and latitudes. Heavy metal pollution decreased with anthropogenic influences, from outside the park through the buffer and into the core area. Cu, Mn, Ni and Zn accumulated from natural sources; As, Hg and Cr were associated with fuel combustion; and Pb and Cd were associated with traffic and agriculture sources. The presence of heavy metals at high altitudes and latitudes in the proposed GPNP is due to emissions from Xi'an and other upwind industrial cities. We conclude that reducing emissions and heavy metal input should be included in the design of the GPNP. Policy interventions should consider functional zones planning, wind direction, reducing mining, and the abandonment of existing roads and farmland within the GPNP to reduce other direct human impacts on the Qinling panda.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; China ; Conservation of Natural Resources ; Environmental Monitoring ; Environmental Pollution ; Feces/chemistry ; Metals, Heavy/analysis ; Mining ; Multivariate Analysis ; Parks, Recreational ; Soil Pollutants/analysis ; Ursidae
Chemical Substances	Metals, Heavy ; Soil Pollutants
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-03-06
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	121506-1
ISSN	1879-1026 ; 0048-9697
ISSN (online)	1879-1026
ISSN	0048-9697
DOI	10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.03.070
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Article ; Online: Organochlorine compounds pose health risks to the Qinling Giant Panda (Ailuropoda melanoleuca qinlingensis).

Zhao, Yan / Chen, Yi-Ping / Macdonald, David W / Li, Jun / Ma, Qing-Yi

Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)

2021 Volume 273, Page(s) 116427

Abstract: ... center of the Qinling panda (Ailuropoda melanoleuca qinlingensis)-the rarest recognized panda subspecies ...

Abstract	To assess organochlorine compound (OC) contamination, its possible sources, and adverse health impacts on giant pandas, we collected soil, bamboo, and panda fecal samples from the habitat and research center of the Qinling panda (Ailuropoda melanoleuca qinlingensis)-the rarest recognized panda subspecies. The polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) concentrations were comparatively low which suggests that moderate sources of OC pollution currently. OC levels were lower in samples from nature reserve than in those collected from pandas held in captivity, and OC levels within the reserve increased between functional areas in the order: core, buffer and experimental. The distribution patterns, and correlation analyses, combined with congener distributions suggested PCBs and OCPs originated from similar sources, were dispersed by similar processes, being transported through atmosphere and characterized by historical residues. Backward trajectory analyses results, and detected DRINs (aldrin, dieldrin, endrin and isodrin) both suggest long-range atmospheric transport of pollution source. PCBs pose potential cancer risk, and PCB 126 was the most notable toxicant as assessed be the high carcinogenic risk index. We provide data for health risk assessment that can guide the identification of priority congeners, and recommend a long-term monitoring plan. This study proposes an approach to ecotoxicological threats whereby giant pandas may be used as sentinel species for other threatened or endangered mammals. By highlighting the risks of long-distance transmission of pollutants, the study emphasizes the importance of transboundary cooperation to safeguard biodiversity.
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-01-05
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	280652-6
ISSN	1873-6424 ; 0013-9327 ; 0269-7491
ISSN (online)	1873-6424
ISSN	0013-9327 ; 0269-7491
DOI	10.1016/j.envpol.2021.116427
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Article ; Online: Formation and distribution of landslides controlled by thrust-strike-slip fault zones and fluvial erosion in the Western Qinling Mountains, China

Qi, Tianjun / Meng, Xingmin / Zhao, Yan / Su, Xiaojun / Chen, Guan / Zeng, Runqiang / Zhang, Yi / Li, Yajun / Yue, Dongxia

Engineering Geology. 2023 Sept., v. 323 p.107209-

2023

Abstract: ... BFZ) in the Western Qinling Mountains (WQM) in China are part of an intracontinental orogenic zone ...

Abstract	In active orogenic belts, fault zones and fluvial erosion are the two principal factors that control the development of landslides. The Langma-Baiya fault zone (LBFZ) and the Bailongjiang fault zone (BFZ) in the Western Qinling Mountains (WQM) in China are part of an intracontinental orogenic zone, where landslides are the principal geomorphological process. It is also one of the regions with the most severe landslide disasters in China. We established a historical landslide database for the LBFZ and BFZ, based on high-precision remote sensing image interpretation and field investigation. The results indicated a total of 2764 landslides, including 1190 large landslides and 79 giant landslides. The quality of the landslide database was evaluated using the frequency-area curve distribution characteristics, and the results showed that the small-medium size landslides are underrepresented in the database, likely due to the influence of factors such as surface erosion, vegetation coverage, and human activities. Therefore, we focused on the spatial distribution and formation mechanism of large and giant landslides. Landslides are unevenly distributed in space; specifically, our field investigation and statistical analysis of swath profiles revealed that landslides are aggregated within tectonic zones, in areas of weak rock masses, and on the banks of rivers. Finally, based on the combination of the various factors controlling landslides, we divided the study area into three subregions, for which conceptual models were established. These models highlight the importance of the distance of the fault zone to a river, together with the degree of fluvial erosion, in controlling the development of landslides. The combined effects of fluvial erosion, geological structures, and the low-grade metamorphic rocks exposed along fault zones are major controls on the development of large landslides, and the local structural characteristics of thrust-strike-slip fault zones control the type of landslides.
Keywords	databases ; geomorphology ; humans ; image interpretation ; landslides ; rivers ; statistical analysis ; tectonics ; vegetation ; China ; Landslide inventory ; Thrust-strike-slip fault zone ; Fluvial erosion ; Frequency-area relationships ; Western Qinling Mountains
Language	English
Dates of publication	2023-09
Publishing place	Elsevier B.V.
Document type	Article ; Online
ISSN	0013-7952
DOI	10.1016/j.enggeo.2023.107209
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article: Cosmogenic age constraints on rock avalanches in the Qinling Range associated with paleoearthquake activity, central China

Huang, Weiliang / Lv, Yan / Pierce, Ian K.D. / Su, Shengrui / Peng, Jianbin

Geomorphology. 2022 Sept. 15, v. 413

2022

Abstract: ... we describe two rock avalanches (Ganqiu and Shuiqiu) in the Cuihua Mountain area of the Qinling Range, China ... evidence for specific climatic conditions in the Qinling area circa 9–10 ka, a climatic trigger ... exposure ages and paleoseismic records from the nearby Qinling North Piedmont fault (QNF). This coincidence ...

Abstract	Although it is generally assumed that understanding the trigger factor leading to the transition from a progressive rock failure toward sudden and rapid events is better to risk management, the ability to identify triggering factors responsible for prehistoric catastrophic rock avalanches is still debated. Here we describe two rock avalanches (Ganqiu and Shuiqiu) in the Cuihua Mountain area of the Qinling Range, China, providing new mapping of rock avalanche source areas and deposits and absolute age constraint from cosmogenic ¹⁰Be surface exposure dating. Results reveal that the Ganqiu rock avalanche is controlled by three sets of joints, causing the 380 m high ridge to collapse. Debris filled roughly the entire V-shaped valley and has a width ranging from 250 to 470 m, extending ~1260 m from the base of the cliff. The Shuiqiu rock avalanche was sourced near the summit of Cuihua Mountain from a cliff above 60° that is mainly controlled by inherited fault and joints. The rock mass fell ~250 m as a giant blocky stream across the width of the valley floor, with the deposit extending ~300 m from the base of the cliff. Both events caused the large-scale collapse of ridge crests and developed into high-mobility rock avalanches with long runout. Cosmogenic ¹⁰Be surface exposure dating from seven different parts of the deposits revealed nearly coincident ages for both rock avalanches, 10.0 ± 0.9 ka for the Ganqiu rock avalanche and 9.5 ± 1.2 ka for the Shuiqiu rock avalanche. Because this region was not affected by valley glaciation, rock avalanches triggering by paraglacial stress release can be excluded. Moreover, without clear evidence for specific climatic conditions in the Qinling area circa 9–10 ka, a climatic trigger for the Cuihua Mountain rock avalanches is equivocal. Instead, we find coincidence between the concurrent exposure ages and paleoseismic records from the nearby Qinling North Piedmont fault (QNF). This coincidence of ages, combined with the fact that the Mw 8.0 1556 CE Huaxian earthquake triggered numerous large rock falls in the Huashan Mountains at the eastern end of the Qinling Range, suggest that a large-magnitude earthquake centered in the middle-east section of QNF at ca. 8–11 ka may have triggered the Ganqiu and Shuiqiu rock avalanches.
Keywords	earthquakes ; glaciation ; piedmont ; risk management ; streams ; China
Language	English
Dates of publication	2022-0915
Publishing place	Elsevier B.V.
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	58028-4
ISSN	0169-555X
ISSN	0169-555X
DOI	10.1016/j.geomorph.2022.108347
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Article ; Online: Acute warming in winter eliminates chemical alarm responses in threatened Qinling lenok Brachymystax lenok tsinlingensis.

Xia, Jigang / Peng, Minrui / Huang, Yan / Elvidge, Chris K

The Science of the total environment

2020 Volume 764, Page(s) 142807

Abstract: ... information have been largely unexplored. Qinling lenok Brachymystax lenok tsinlingensis, an endangered ... salmonid species endemic to the Qinling Mountain Range, China, is currently experiencing population decline ...

Abstract	Knowledge of how temperature influences animal behavior is critical to understanding and predicting impacts of changing climate on individual species and biotic interactions. However, the effects of climate change, especially winter warming in freshwater systems, on fish behaviors and the use of chemical information have been largely unexplored. Qinling lenok Brachymystax lenok tsinlingensis, an endangered salmonid species endemic to the Qinling Mountain Range, China, is currently experiencing population decline and is a potential biological indicator of warming winter climate effects on freshwater fishes due to its temperature sensitivity and required habitat of small, cold-water streams. Our objective was to determine if transient winter warming (increases of ~4 °C) consistent with seasonal maxima in line with near-future climate projections will affect antipredator responses to damage-released chemical alarm cues in B. lenok tsinlingensis. Wild fish were collected during winter and held in captivity under food deprivation for four days, during which half were acclimated to a warmer temperature (6 °C) while the other half were maintained at ambient levels (2 °C). Individual acclimated fish were then exposed to injections of either conspecific alarm cues to simulate elevated predation risk or stream water as a control treatment. Focal fish demonstrated responses consistent with antipredator behaviors to alarm cues at ambient temperature, but no significant behavioral responses to alarm cues were found relative to controls at the warmer temperature. These results support our hypothesis that winter warming will negatively influence antipredator responses and indicate that projected warmer temperature patterns in winter may have significant impacts on chemically mediated predator-prey interactions in cold-water streams.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; China ; Cues ; Predatory Behavior ; Salmonidae ; Seasons
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-10-08
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	121506-1
ISSN	1879-1026 ; 0048-9697
ISSN (online)	1879-1026
ISSN	0048-9697
DOI	10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.142807
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Article ; Online: Screening of cellulolytic bacteria from rotten wood of Qinling (China) for biomass degradation and cloning of cellulases from Bacillus methylotrophicus.

Ma, Lingling / Lu, Yingying / Yan, Hong / Wang, Xin / Yi, Yanglei / Shan, Yuanyuan / Liu, Bianfang / Zhou, Yuan / Lü, Xin

BMC biotechnology

2020 Volume 20, Issue 1, Page(s) 2

Abstract: ... will lay a foundation for this filed. Qinling Mountains have unique biodiversity, acting as promising ... and identified from the rotten wood of Qinling Mountains. Based on the investigation of cellulase ... wood of Qinling Mountains, it found that Bacillus were the predominant species among the isolated ...

Abstract	Background: Cellulosic biomass degradation still needs to be paid more attentions as bioenergy is the most likely to replace fossil energy in the future, and more evaluable cellulolytic bacteria isolation will lay a foundation for this filed. Qinling Mountains have unique biodiversity, acting as promising source of cellulose-degrading bacteria exhibiting noteworthy properties. Therefore, the aim of this work was to find potential cellulolytic bacteria and verify the possibility of the cloning of cellulases from the selected powerful bacteria. Results: In present study, 55 potential cellulolytic bacteria were screened and identified from the rotten wood of Qinling Mountains. Based on the investigation of cellulase activities and degradation effect on different cellulose substrates, Bacillus methylotrophicus 1EJ7, Bacillus subtilis 1AJ3 and Bacillus subtilis 3BJ4 were further applied to hydrolyze wheat straw, corn stover and switchgrass, and the results suggested that B. methylotrophicus 1EJ7 was the most preponderant bacterium, and which also indicated that Bacillus was the main cellulolytic bacteria in rotten wood. Furthermore, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction analysis of micromorphology and crystallinity of wheat straw also verified the significant hydrolyzation. With ascertaining the target sequence of cellulase β-glucosidase (243 aa) and endoglucanase (499 aa) were successfully heterogeneously cloned and expressed from B. methylotrophicus 1EJ7, and which performed a good effect on cellulose degradation with enzyme activity of 1670.15 ± 18.94 U/mL and 0.130 ± 0.002 U/mL, respectively. In addition, based on analysis of amino acid sequence, it found that β-glucosidase were belonged to GH16 family, and endoglucanase was composed of GH5 family catalytic domain and a carbohydrate-binding module of CBM3 family. Conclusions: Based on the screening, identification and cellulose degradation effect evaluation of cellulolytic bacteria from rotten wood of Qinling Mountains, it found that Bacillus were the predominant species among the isolated strains, and B. methylotrophicus 1EJ7 performed best on cellulose degradation. Meanwhile, the β-glucosidase and endoglucanase were successfully cloned and expressed from B. methylotrophicus for the first time, which provided new materials of both strain and the recombinant enzymes for the study of cellulose degradation and its application in industry.
MeSH term(s)	Bacillus/classification ; Bacillus/enzymology ; Bacillus/genetics ; Bacillus/isolation & purification ; Bacterial Proteins/genetics ; Bacterial Proteins/metabolism ; Biomass ; Cellulases/genetics ; Cellulases/metabolism ; Cloning, Molecular ; Hydrolysis ; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning ; Triticum/chemistry ; Wood/microbiology ; X-Ray Diffraction
Chemical Substances	Bacterial Proteins ; Cellulases (EC 3.2.1.-)
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-01-07
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ISSN	1472-6750
ISSN (online)	1472-6750
DOI	10.1186/s12896-019-0593-8
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