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Article: Incremental Net Benefit and Incremental Cost-Effectiveness Ratio of COVID-19 Vaccination Campaigns: Systematic Review of Cost-Effectiveness Evidence.

Santoli, Giuseppe / Nurchis, Mario Cesare / Calabrò, Giovanna Elisa / Damiani, Gianfranco

2023 Volume 11, Issue 2

Abstract: SARS-CoV-2 vaccination has been the most effective tool to prevent COVID-19, significantly reducing deaths and hospitalizations worldwide. Vaccination has played a huge role in bringing the COVID-19 pandemic under control, even as the inequitable ... ...

Abstract	SARS-CoV-2 vaccination has been the most effective tool to prevent COVID-19, significantly reducing deaths and hospitalizations worldwide. Vaccination has played a huge role in bringing the COVID-19 pandemic under control, even as the inequitable distribution of vaccines still leaves several countries vulnerable. Therefore, organizing a mass vaccination campaign on a global scale is a priority to contain the virus spread. The aim of this systematic review was to assess whether COVID-19 vaccination campaigns are cost-effective with respect to no vaccination. A systematic literature search was conducted in the WHO COVID-19 Global literature database, PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and Scopus from 2020 to 2022. Studies assessing the COVID-19 vaccination campaign cost-effectiveness over no vaccination were deemed eligible. The "Drummond's checklist" was adopted for quality assessment. A synthesis of the studies was performed through the "dominance ranking matrix tool". Overall, 10 studies were considered. COVID-19 vaccination was deemed cost-effective in each of them, and vaccination campaigns were found to be sustainable public health approaches to fight the health emergency. Providing economic evaluation data for mass vaccination is needed to support decision makers to make value-based and evidence-based decisions to ensure equitable access to vaccination and reduce the COVID-19 burden worldwide.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-02-03
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2703319-3
ISSN	2076-393X
ISSN	2076-393X
DOI	10.3390/vaccines11020347
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Health technology assessment of whole genome sequencing in the diagnosis of genetic disorders: a scoping review of the literature.

Nurchis, Mario Cesare / Riccardi, Maria Teresa / Damiani, Gianfranco

International journal of technology assessment in health care

2022 Volume 38, Issue 1, Page(s) e71

Abstract: Objective: The aim of this scoping review is to map the available evidence about the use of health technology assessment (HTA) in the assessment of whole genome sequencing (WGS).: Methods: A scoping review methodology was adopted. The population, ... ...

Abstract	Objective: The aim of this scoping review is to map the available evidence about the use of health technology assessment (HTA) in the assessment of whole genome sequencing (WGS). Methods: A scoping review methodology was adopted. The population, concept, and context framework was used to build up the research question and to establish the eligibility criteria. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews was adopted to implement a comprehensive search strategy. Evidence was retrieved from scientific databases and HTA organizations Web sites. Reports were classified as full HTA, mini-HTA, rapid reviews or other. Results: The search strategy identified seven reports. Five HTA organizations from five countries elaborated the reports: one full HTA, four rapid reviews, and two classified as others. The reports were mainly focused on the evaluation of the clinical utility and cost-effectiveness of genome-wide sequencing as well as informing policy questions by providing analyses of organizational and ethical considerations. Conclusions: Few HTA organizations are drafting reports for WGS. It is essential to stimulate a critical reflection during the elaboration of HTA reports for WGS to steer choices of decision makers in the establishment of priorities for research and policy and reimbursement rates.
MeSH term(s)	Cost-Benefit Analysis ; Technology Assessment, Biomedical ; Whole Genome Sequencing
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-08-26
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Systematic Review
ZDB-ID	632573-7
ISSN	1471-6348 ; 0266-4623
ISSN (online)	1471-6348
ISSN	0266-4623
DOI	10.1017/S0266462322000496
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Article ; Online: Nudging Interventions on Alcohol and Tobacco Consumption in Adults: A Scoping Review of the Literature.

Nurchis, Mario Cesare / Di Pumpo, Marcello / Perilli, Alessio / Greco, Giuseppe / Damiani, Gianfranco

International journal of environmental research and public health

2023 Volume 20, Issue 3

Abstract: Background: ...

Abstract	Background:
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Adult ; Alcohol Drinking/epidemiology ; Alcohol Drinking/prevention & control ; Risk Factors ; Tobacco Use/prevention & control ; Policy
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-01-17
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2175195-X
ISSN	1660-4601 ; 1661-7827
ISSN (online)	1660-4601
ISSN	1661-7827
DOI	10.3390/ijerph20031675
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Article ; Online: Pediatric post COVID-19 condition: an umbrella review of the most common symptoms and associated factors.

Heidar Alizadeh, Aurora / Nurchis, Mario Cesare / Garlasco, Jacopo / Mara, Alessandro / Pascucci, Domenico / Damiani, Gianfranco / Gianino, Maria Michela

European journal of public health

2024

Abstract: Background: Although the long-term consequences of the Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic are yet to be fully comprehended, a syndrome symptomatically akin to the COVID-19 disease has been defined, for children and adolescents, in February ... ...

Abstract	Background: Although the long-term consequences of the Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic are yet to be fully comprehended, a syndrome symptomatically akin to the COVID-19 disease has been defined, for children and adolescents, in February 2023 by the World Health Organization (WHO) as 'post COVID-19 condition' (PCC). Potential consequences of COVID-19 that affect developmental milestones in children and adolescents should be comprehended in their magnitude and duration. The aim is to investigate the most common symptoms and predictors or risk factors for pediatric PCC. Methods: In this umbrella review, the population of interest was defined as children and adolescents from 0 to 19 years old presenting PCC symptoms as defined by the WHO in the International Classification of Diseases. The intervention considered was general follow-up activity to monitor the patients' recovery status. No comparator was chosen, and the outcomes were symptoms of PCC and predictors or risk factors of developing PCC. Methodological quality, risk of bias and the level of overlap between studies were assessed. A random-effects meta-analytic synthesis of respective estimates with inverse variance study weighting was carried out, for the primary studies included by the reviews retrieved, regarding predictors or risk factors reported. Results: We identified six eligible systematic reviews, five with meta-analyses, from three databases. The most common symptoms reported were fatigue and respiratory difficulties; female sex and older age were the most reported factors associated with the development of pediatric PCC. Conclusions: A deeper understanding of pediatric PCC requires well-designed and clearly defined prospective studies, symptom differentiation, and adequate follow-up.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-26
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1129243-x
ISSN	1464-360X ; 1101-1262
ISSN (online)	1464-360X
ISSN	1101-1262
DOI	10.1093/eurpub/ckae033
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Article ; Online: Nudging Interventions on Alcohol and Tobacco Consumption in Adults

Mario Cesare Nurchis / Marcello Di Pumpo / Alessio Perilli / Giuseppe Greco / Gianfranco Damiani

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Vol 20, Iss 1675, p

A Scoping Review of the Literature

2023 Volume 1675

Abstract: Background: The World Health Organization identified alcohol and tobacco consumption as the risk factors with a greater attributable burden and number of deaths related to non-communicable diseases. A promising technique aimed to modify behavioral risk ... ...

Abstract	Background: The World Health Organization identified alcohol and tobacco consumption as the risk factors with a greater attributable burden and number of deaths related to non-communicable diseases. A promising technique aimed to modify behavioral risk factors by redesigning the elements influencing the choice of people is nudging. Methodology : A scoping review of the literature was performed to map the literature evidence investigating the use of nudging for tobacco and alcohol consumption prevention and/or control in adults. Results: A total of 20 studies were included. The identified nudging categories were increasing salience of information or incentives (IS), default choices (DF), and providing feedback (PF). Almost three-quarters of the studies implementing IS and half of those implementing PF reported a success. Three-quarters of the studies using IS in conjunction with other interventions reported a success whereas more than half of the those with IS alone reported a success. The PF strategy performed better in multi-component interventions targeting alcohol consumption. Only one DF mono-component study addressing alcohol consumption reported a success. Conclusions: To achieve a higher impact, nudging should be integrated into comprehensive prevention policy frameworks, with dedicated education sessions for health professionals. In conclusion, nudge strategies for tobacco and alcohol consumption prevention in adults show promising results. Further research is needed to investigate the use of nudge strategies in socio-economically diverse groups and in young populations.
Keywords	alcohol ; tobacco ; nudge ; prevention ; chronic diseases ; health policy ; Medicine ; R
Subject code	360
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
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Article: Interprofessional Collaboration and Diabetes Management in Primary Care: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Patient-Reported Outcomes.

Nurchis, Mario Cesare / Sessa, Giorgio / Pascucci, Domenico / Sassano, Michele / Lombi, Linda / Damiani, Gianfranco

Journal of personalized medicine

2022 Volume 12, Issue 4

Abstract: The global spread of diabetes poses serious threats to public health requiring a patient-centered approach based both on interprofessional collaboration (IPC) given by the cooperation of several different health professionals, and patients' perspective ... ...

Abstract	The global spread of diabetes poses serious threats to public health requiring a patient-centered approach based both on interprofessional collaboration (IPC) given by the cooperation of several different health professionals, and patients' perspective through the assessment of Patient-Reported Outcomes (PROs). The aim of the present study is to evaluate the impact of interprofessional collaboration interventions, for the management of type 2 diabetes in primary care settings, through PROs. A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted querying the PubMed, Scopus and Embase databases. Out of the 1961 papers initially retrieved, 19 met the inclusion criteria. Interprofessional collaboration is significantly associated with an increase in both patient's satisfaction (SMD 0.32 95% CI 0.05-0.59) and in the mental well-being component of the HRQoL (SMD 0.18; 95% CI 0.06-0.30), and there was also promising evidence supporting the association between an interprofessional approach and an increase in self-care and in generic and specific quality-of-life. No statistical differences were found, supporting the positive impact on IPC interventions on the physical component of the HRQoL, depression, emotional distress, and self-efficacy. In conclusion, the effect of IPC impacts positively on the few areas assessed by PROMs. Policymakers should promote the widespread adoption of a collaborative approach as well as to endorse an active engagement of patients across the whole process of care.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-04-15
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2662248-8
ISSN	2075-4426
ISSN	2075-4426
DOI	10.3390/jpm12040643
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Article ; Online: Cost-utility of cardiac contractility modulation in patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction in Italy.

Narducci, Maria Lucia / Nurchis, Mario Cesare / Ballacci, Federico / Giordano, Federica / Calabrò, Giovanna Elisa / Massetti, Massimo / Crea, Filippo / Aspromonte, Nadia / Damiani, Gianfranco

ESC heart failure

2023 Volume 11, Issue 1, Page(s) 229–239

Abstract: Aims: Cardiac contractility modulation (CCM) is a device therapy for heart failure, based on the delivery of high-voltage biphasic impulses to the right ventricular septum during the myocardial absolute refractory period. This study evaluated the cost- ... ...

Abstract	Aims: Cardiac contractility modulation (CCM) is a device therapy for heart failure, based on the delivery of high-voltage biphasic impulses to the right ventricular septum during the myocardial absolute refractory period. This study evaluated the cost-effectiveness of CCM therapy plus optimal medical therapy (OMT) vs. OMT alone in patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction. Methods and results: A Markov model with a lifespan time horizon was developed to assess the cost-utility using the FIX trials as main data sources. A deterministic sensitivity analysis and a probabilistic sensitivity analysis were run to analyse the decision uncertainty in the model through cost-effectiveness acceptability curve (CEAC) and cost-effectiveness acceptability frontier (CEAF). Value of information analysis was also conducted computing the expected value of perfect information (EVPI) and the expected value of partial perfect information. The base case results showed that the CCM plus OMT option was highly cost-effective compared with OMT alone with an incremental cost-utility ratio of €7034/quality-adjusted life year (QALY). The CEAC and CEAF illustrated that for all willingness to pay levels above €5600/QALY, tested up to €50 000/QALY, CCM plus OMT alternative had the highest probability of being cost-effective. The EVPI per patient was estimated to be €124 412 on a willingness to pay threshold of €30 000/QALY. Conclusions: For patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction, CCM therapy could be cost-effective when taking a lifetime horizon. Further long-term, post-approval clinical studies are needed to verify these results in a real-world context, particularly concerning the effect of CCM therapy on mortality.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Stroke Volume ; Heart Failure ; Cardiotonic Agents ; Italy/epidemiology
Chemical Substances	Cardiotonic Agents
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-11-09
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2814355-3
ISSN	2055-5822 ; 2055-5822
ISSN (online)	2055-5822
ISSN	2055-5822
DOI	10.1002/ehf2.14538
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Article: Organizational Aspects of the Implementation and Use of Whole Genome Sequencing and Whole Exome Sequencing in the Pediatric Population in Italy: Results of a Survey.

Nurchis, Mario Cesare / Raspolini, Gian Marco / Heidar Alizadeh, Aurora / Altamura, Gerardo / Radio, Francesca Clementina / Tartaglia, Marco / Dallapiccola, Bruno / Damiani, Gianfranco

Journal of personalized medicine

2023 Volume 13, Issue 6

Abstract: This study explores the organizational aspects of whole genome sequencing (WGS) implementation for pediatric patients with suspected genetic disorders in Italy, comparing it with whole exome sequencing (WES). Health professionals' opinions were collected ...

Abstract	This study explores the organizational aspects of whole genome sequencing (WGS) implementation for pediatric patients with suspected genetic disorders in Italy, comparing it with whole exome sequencing (WES). Health professionals' opinions were collected through an internet-based survey and analyzed using a qualitative summative content analysis methodology. Among the 16 respondents, most were clinical geneticists performing only WES, while 5 also used WGS. The key differences identified include higher needs for analyzing genome rearrangements following WES, greater data storage and security requirements for WGS, and WGS only being performed in specific research studies. No difference was detected in centralization and decentralization issues. The main cost factors included genetic consultations, library preparation and sequencing, bioinformatic analysis, interpretation and confirmation, data storage, and complementary diagnostic investigations. Both WES and WGS decreased the need for additional diagnostic analyses when not used as last-resort tests. Organizational aspects were similar for WGS and WES, but economic evidence gaps may exist for WGS in clinical settings. As sequencing costs decline, WGS will likely replace WES and traditional genetic testing. Tailored genomic policies and cost-effectiveness analyses are needed for WGS implementation in health systems. WGS shows promise for enhancing genetics knowledge and expediting diagnoses for pediatric patients with genetic disorders.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-05-26
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2662248-8
ISSN	2075-4426
ISSN	2075-4426
DOI	10.3390/jpm13060899
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Article ; Online: Cost-Effectiveness of Whole-Genome vs Whole-Exome Sequencing Among Children With Suspected Genetic Disorders.

Nurchis, Mario Cesare / Radio, Francesca Clementina / Salmasi, Luca / Heidar Alizadeh, Aurora / Raspolini, Gian Marco / Altamura, Gerardo / Tartaglia, Marco / Dallapiccola, Bruno / Pizzo, Elena / Gianino, Maria Michela / Damiani, Gianfranco

JAMA network open

2024 Volume 7, Issue 1, Page(s) e2353514

Abstract: Importance: The diagnosis of rare diseases and other genetic conditions can be daunting due to vague or poorly defined clinical features that are not recognized even by experienced clinicians. Next-generation sequencing technologies, such as whole- ... ...

Abstract	Importance: The diagnosis of rare diseases and other genetic conditions can be daunting due to vague or poorly defined clinical features that are not recognized even by experienced clinicians. Next-generation sequencing technologies, such as whole-genome sequencing (WGS) and whole-exome sequencing (WES), have greatly enhanced the diagnosis of genetic diseases by expanding the ability to sequence a large part of the genome, rendering a cost-effectiveness comparison between them necessary. Objective: To assess the cost-effectiveness of WGS compared with WES and conventional testing in children with suspected genetic disorders. Design, setting, and participants: In this economic evaluation, a bayesian Markov model was implemented from January 1 to June 30, 2023. The model was developed using data from a cohort of 870 pediatric patients with suspected genetic disorders who were enrolled and underwent testing in the Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, Rome, Italy, from January 1, 2015, to December 31, 2022. The robustness of the model was assessed through probabilistic sensitivity analysis and value of information analysis. Main outcomes and measures: Overall costs, number of definitive diagnoses, and incremental cost-effectiveness ratios per diagnosis were measured. The cost-effectiveness analyses involved 4 comparisons: first-tier WGS with standard of care; first-tier WGS with first-tier WES; first-tier WGS with second-tier WES; and first-tier WGS with second-tier WGS. Results: The ages of the 870 participants ranged from 0 to 18 years (539 [62%] girls). The results of the analysis suggested that adopting WGS as a first-tier strategy would be cost-effective compared with all other explored options. For all threshold levels above €29 800 (US $32 408) per diagnosis that were tested up to €50 000 (US $54 375) per diagnosis, first-line WGS vs second-line WES strategy (ie, 54.6%) had the highest probability of being cost-effective, followed by first-line vs second-line WGS (ie, 54.3%), first-line WGS vs the standard of care alternative (ie, 53.2%), and first-line WGS vs first-line WES (ie, 51.1%). Based on sensitivity analyses, these estimates remained robust to assumptions and parameter uncertainty. Conclusions and relevance: The findings of this economic evaluation encourage the development of policy changes at various levels (ie, macro, meso, and micro) of international health systems to ensure an efficient adoption of WGS in clinical practice and its equitable access.
MeSH term(s)	Female ; Humans ; Child ; Male ; Exome Sequencing ; Cost-Benefit Analysis ; Bayes Theorem ; Genome ; Whole Genome Sequencing
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-02
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2574-3805
ISSN (online)	2574-3805
DOI	10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.53514
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Article ; Online: The Adoption of Digital Technologies and Artificial Intelligence in Urban Health

Martina Sapienza / Mario Cesare Nurchis / Maria Teresa Riccardi / Catherine Bouland / Marija Jevtić / Gianfranco Damiani

Sustainability, Vol 14, Iss 7480, p

A Scoping Review

2022 Volume 7480

Abstract: As more people live in cities, the impact of urban settings on population health has been increasing. One of the main strategies to cope with urbanization is adopting artificial intelligence (AI) and new digital technologies to develop new urban services ...

Abstract	As more people live in cities, the impact of urban settings on population health has been increasing. One of the main strategies to cope with urbanization is adopting artificial intelligence (AI) and new digital technologies to develop new urban services that improve citizens’ health and well-being. The aim of this study is to review urban interventions and adopting digital technologies and AI-based algorithms to improve population health. A scoping review of the literature was conducted by querying MEDLINE, Web of Science, and Scopus databases. The included studies were categorized into one urban health area, suggested by the WHO, according to the type of intervention investigated. Out of 3733 records screened, 12 papers met all inclusion criteria. Four studies investigated the “outdoor and indoor pollution” area, one “climate change”, one “housing”, two “health and social services” and four “urban transport” areas. Only one article used a comprehensive approach to public health, investigating the use of AI and digital technologies both to characterize exposure conditions to health determinants and to monitor population health effects, while the others were limited to characterizing exposure conditions to health determinants, thus employing a preliminary public health perspective. From this point of view, countries should foster synergy for the development of research on digital technologies to address the determinants of health in the urban context. From a global health perspective, sharing results with the scientific community would also allow other countries to use those technologies that have been shown to be effective, paving the way for more sustainable living conditions worldwide.
Keywords	digital technologies ; artificial intelligence ; urban health ; Environmental effects of industries and plants ; TD194-195 ; Renewable energy sources ; TJ807-830 ; Environmental sciences ; GE1-350
Subject code	360
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-06-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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