Article ; Online: Nitric oxide signalling in kidney regulation and cardiometabolic health.
2021 Volume 17, Issue 9, Page(s) 575–590
Abstract: The prevalence of cardiovascular and metabolic disease coupled with kidney dysfunction is increasing worldwide. This triad of disorders is associated with considerable morbidity and mortality as well as a substantial economic burden. Further ... ...
Abstract | The prevalence of cardiovascular and metabolic disease coupled with kidney dysfunction is increasing worldwide. This triad of disorders is associated with considerable morbidity and mortality as well as a substantial economic burden. Further understanding of the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms is important to develop novel preventive or therapeutic approaches. Among the proposed mechanisms, compromised nitric oxide (NO) bioactivity associated with oxidative stress is considered to be important. NO is a short-lived diatomic signalling molecule that exerts numerous effects on the kidneys, heart and vasculature as well as on peripheral metabolically active organs. The enzymatic L-arginine-dependent NO synthase (NOS) pathway is classically viewed as the main source of endogenous NO formation. However, the function of the NOS system is often compromised in various pathologies including kidney, cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. An alternative pathway, the nitrate-nitrite-NO pathway, enables endogenous or dietary-derived inorganic nitrate and nitrite to be recycled via serial reduction to form bioactive nitrogen species, including NO, independent of the NOS system. Signalling via these nitrogen species is linked with cGMP-dependent and independent mechanisms. Novel approaches to restoring NO homeostasis during NOS deficiency and oxidative stress have potential therapeutic applications in kidney, cardiovascular and metabolic disorders. |
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MeSH term(s) | Animals ; Humans ; Kidney/metabolism ; Kidney/physiology ; Kidney Diseases/complications ; Kidney Diseases/metabolism ; Metabolic Syndrome/etiology ; Metabolic Syndrome/metabolism ; Nitric Oxide/metabolism ; Nitric Oxide/physiology ; Signal Transduction/physiology |
Chemical Substances | Nitric Oxide (31C4KY9ESH) |
Language | English |
Publishing date | 2021-06-01 |
Publishing country | England |
Document type | Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review |
ZDB-ID | 2490366-8 |
ISSN | 1759-507X ; 1759-5061 |
ISSN (online) | 1759-507X |
ISSN | 1759-5061 |
DOI | 10.1038/s41581-021-00429-z |
Database | MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE |
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