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  1. Article ; Online: Human Primordial Germ Cell-Like Cell Induction from Pluripotent Stem Cells by SOX17 and PRDM1 Expression.

    Irie, Naoko / Kobayashi, Toshihiro / Azim Surani, M

    Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.)

    2024  Volume 2770, Page(s) 87–97

    Abstract: Human primordial germ cell (PGC) development initiates about 2 weeks after fertilization during embryogenesis. Unique molecular events follow, including epigenetic resetting, to establish functional gametes (egg and sperm). Due to the inaccessibility of ... ...

    Abstract Human primordial germ cell (PGC) development initiates about 2 weeks after fertilization during embryogenesis. Unique molecular events follow, including epigenetic resetting, to establish functional gametes (egg and sperm). Due to the inaccessibility of human embryos, it is essential to have an amenable experimental platform to investigate the mechanisms and potential dysfunctions of the events. We previously established a PGC-like cell (PGCLC) differentiation method using human pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) via induction of precursor cells followed by stimulation with a cytokine cocktail including BMP. We also revealed that the expression of PGC specifiers, SOX17 and PRDM1, can robustly induce PGCLCs from PSCs without the cytokines. The balance of SOX17 and PRDM1 is critical for germ cell fate since the two factors also regulate endoderm differentiation. Here we describe a detailed procedure for PGCLC differentiation with the balanced induction of SOX17 and PRDM1. The protocol can be used for PGC induction in other mammalian species exhibiting PGCs with SOX17 expression. Together, these studies will advance the understanding of germ cell biology and its applications in reproductive technology and medicine.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Humans ; Male ; Semen ; Pluripotent Stem Cells ; Cell Differentiation/physiology ; Germ Cells/metabolism ; Embryo, Mammalian ; Mammals ; SOXF Transcription Factors/genetics ; SOXF Transcription Factors/metabolism ; Positive Regulatory Domain I-Binding Factor 1/genetics ; Positive Regulatory Domain I-Binding Factor 1/metabolism
    Chemical Substances SOX17 protein, human ; SOXF Transcription Factors ; PRDM1 protein, human (138415-26-6) ; Positive Regulatory Domain I-Binding Factor 1 (EC 2.1.1.-)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-02-14
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 1940-6029
    ISSN (online) 1940-6029
    DOI 10.1007/978-1-0716-3698-5_7
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Oocytes from Stem Cells.

    Herbert, Mary / Surani, Azim

    The New England journal of medicine

    2022  Volume 386, Issue 2, Page(s) 188–190

    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Embryo, Mammalian ; Embryonic Germ Cells ; Female ; Humans ; Mice ; Models, Animal ; Oocytes ; Pluripotent Stem Cells/physiology ; Primary Ovarian Insufficiency/therapy
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-01-12
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 207154-x
    ISSN 1533-4406 ; 0028-4793
    ISSN (online) 1533-4406
    ISSN 0028-4793
    DOI 10.1056/NEJMcibr2112049
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article: A Case of Chronic Eosinophilic Pneumonia Associated With the Use of Weight Loss Combination Medication Naltrexone-Bupropion.

    Schuldt, Anastasia / Najmuddin, Asif / Sharma, Munish / Surani, Salim

    Cureus

    2023  Volume 15, Issue 12, Page(s) e50621

    Abstract: Chronic eosinophilic pneumonia (CEP) is not a commonly encountered pulmonary disease that presents with bilateral pulmonary infiltrates accompanied by peripheral and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) eosinophilia. Recovery is rapid with systemic steroids but ... ...

    Abstract Chronic eosinophilic pneumonia (CEP) is not a commonly encountered pulmonary disease that presents with bilateral pulmonary infiltrates accompanied by peripheral and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) eosinophilia. Recovery is rapid with systemic steroids but has frequent recurrences. We present a case with the classic presentation of CEP that appears to be related to a weight loss medication called naltrexone-bupropion. This case is unique in that this drug combination does not appear to have an established link to CEP, though literature reveals possible association with its individual components. Understanding the mechanism underlying this link may help to better understand CEP as a disease process.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-12-16
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Case Reports
    ZDB-ID 2747273-5
    ISSN 2168-8184
    ISSN 2168-8184
    DOI 10.7759/cureus.50621
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Human primordial germ cell-like cells specified from resetting precursors develop in human hindgut organoids.

    Alves-Lopes, João Pedro / Wong, Frederick C K / Surani, M Azim

    Nature protocols

    2024  Volume 19, Issue 4, Page(s) 1149–1182

    Abstract: Human primordial germ cells (hPGCs), the precursors of eggs and sperm, start their complex development shortly after specification and during their migration to the primitive gonads. Here, we describe protocols for specifying hPGC-like cells (hPGCLCs) ... ...

    Abstract Human primordial germ cells (hPGCs), the precursors of eggs and sperm, start their complex development shortly after specification and during their migration to the primitive gonads. Here, we describe protocols for specifying hPGC-like cells (hPGCLCs) from resetting precursors and progressing them with the support of human hindgut organoids. Resetting hPGCLCs (rhPGCLCs) are specified from human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) transitioning from the primed into the naive state of pluripotency. Hindgut organoids are also derived from hESCs after a sequential differentiation into a posterior endoderm/hindgut fate. Both rhPGCLCs and hindgut organoids are combined and co-cultured for 25 d. The entire procedure takes ~1.5 months and can be successfully implemented by a doctoral or graduate student with basic skills and experience in hESC cultures. The co-culture system supports the progression of rhPGCLCs at a developmental timing analogous to that observed in vivo. Compared with previously developed hPGCLC progression protocols, which depend on co-cultures with mouse embryonic gonadal tissue, our co-culture system represents a developmentally relevant model closer to the environment that hPGCs first encounter after specification. Together with the potential for investigations of events during hPGC specification and early development, these protocols provide a practical approach to designing efficient models for in vitro gametogenesis. Notably, the rhPGCLC-hindgut co-culture system can also be adapted to study failings in hPGC migration, which are associated with the etiology of some forms of infertility and germ cell tumors.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Male ; Animals ; Mice ; Endoderm ; Semen ; Germ Cells ; Cell Differentiation ; Organoids
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-02-01
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2244966-8
    ISSN 1750-2799 ; 1754-2189
    ISSN (online) 1750-2799
    ISSN 1754-2189
    DOI 10.1038/s41596-023-00945-1
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article: Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) 2023 Guidelines Reviewed.

    Sharma, Munish / Joshi, Sushil / Banjade, Prakash / Ghamande, Shekhar A / Surani, Salim

    The open respiratory medicine journal

    2024  Volume 18, Page(s) e18743064279064

    Abstract: The Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) report is an essential resource for all clinicians who strive to provide optimal care to patients with chronic obstructive lung disease (COPD). The annual report of GOLD makes few ... ...

    Abstract The Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) report is an essential resource for all clinicians who strive to provide optimal care to patients with chronic obstructive lung disease (COPD). The annual report of GOLD makes few revisions and updates besides including data from the preceding year. At an interval, GOLD comes up with a significant modification in its guidelines, which is generally a major overhaul of the pre-existing guidelines. According to the latest 2023 updates, published in November 2022, there have been significant advancements made in the field of COPD. These include the development of more precise definitions for COPD and its exacerbations, the introduction of a new set of parameters to measure exacerbation severity, and updating the COPD assessment tool. Additionally, revisions have been made to the initial and follow-up treatment guidelines. The report also simplifies the treatment algorithm and sheds light on new findings that suggest the use of pharmacological triple therapy can reduce mortality rates. Furthermore, the report includes discussions on inhaler device selection and adherence to COPD medications. These improvements demonstrate a continued effort to enhance COPD treatment and management. Although there are some areas that could benefit from more detailed guidance and explanation, such as the proper utilization of blood eosinophil counts for treatment decisions, and the establishment of treatment protocols post-hospitalization, the latest modifications to the GOLD recommendations will undoubtedly aid healthcare providers in addressing any gaps in patient care. We aim to highlight key changes in the GOLD 2023 report and present a viewpoint about their potential implications in a real-world clinical scenario.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-10
    Publishing country United Arab Emirates
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2395996-4
    ISSN 1874-3064
    ISSN 1874-3064
    DOI 10.2174/0118743064279064231227070344
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article: Systemic Venous Congestion Reviewed.

    Banjade, Prakash / Subedi, Ashish / Ghamande, Shekhar / Surani, Salim / Sharma, Munish

    Cureus

    2023  Volume 15, Issue 8, Page(s) e43716

    Abstract: Accurate determination of intravascular volume status is challenging in acutely ill patients. Favorable patient outcome is vital to correctly identify intravascular volume depletion and avoid systemic venous congestion. Most of the conventional means of ... ...

    Abstract Accurate determination of intravascular volume status is challenging in acutely ill patients. Favorable patient outcome is vital to correctly identify intravascular volume depletion and avoid systemic venous congestion. Most of the conventional means of hemodynamic monitoring in the acute healthcare setting are geared toward addressing the cardiac output and maintaining an optimum mean arterial pressure. While assessing and maintaining cardiac output in an acutely ill patient is very important, a venous congestion cascade is often overlooked, which can negatively affect the intraabdominal end organs. The prospect of using point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) to determine systemic venous congestion could be a potentially handy tool for clinicians. Venous excess ultrasound score (VExUS) has also been utilized by clinicians as a semi-quantitative assessment tool to assess fluid status. This review aims to discuss the potential role of POCUS and VExUS scores in determining systemic venous congestion through a narrative review of recently published literature.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-08-18
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2747273-5
    ISSN 2168-8184
    ISSN 2168-8184
    DOI 10.7759/cureus.43716
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article: White Matter Stroke Masquerading as Subarachnoid Hemorrhage After High-Risk Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: A Case Report.

    Shah, Adnan / Mughal, Sanila / Kumari, Usha / Surani, Salim / Jan, Muneeb

    Cureus

    2023  Volume 15, Issue 9, Page(s) e45632

    Abstract: Considering the context of percutaneous coronary artery angiography (PCI), stroke is a rare but severe complication and is associated with high morbidity and mortality. A computed tomography (CT) scan of the brain is an indispensable imaging modality to ... ...

    Abstract Considering the context of percutaneous coronary artery angiography (PCI), stroke is a rare but severe complication and is associated with high morbidity and mortality. A computed tomography (CT) scan of the brain is an indispensable imaging modality to diagnose ischemic stroke changes following PCI. A 75-year-old female who presented with sudden onset chest pain was diagnosed with anterior-wall myocardial infarction which required primary PCI. However, an hour following the procedure, she suddenly developed drowsiness, confusion, and hemiparesis. Non-contrast CT showed hyperdense signals in posterior falx and tentorium cerebelli suggesting subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) as well as low attenuation signals in bilateral periventricular region suggestive of microvascular ischemic changes. It was critical to decide about the continuation of dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT), aspirin and P2Y12 inhibitor, as soon as possible. Based on the clinical presentation and mixed picture on the CT scan, a second opinion was sought by a multidisciplinary team, which concluded that the findings were consistent with white matter stroke and DAPT was resumed. The hemiparesis improved gradually with the reversal of CT scan findings. There is a lack of reported literature about ischemic stroke and SAH following high-risk PCI and what should be the best approach in ambiguous cases. The management of white matter stroke and SAH is contrasting, particularly in deciding whether to continue the DAPT after PCI; hence it is critical to diagnose them promptly. Thus, this case highlights the importance of differentiating SAH from white matter stroke for prompt treatment of post-PCI complications to ensure positive outcomes.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-09-20
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Case Reports
    ZDB-ID 2747273-5
    ISSN 2168-8184
    ISSN 2168-8184
    DOI 10.7759/cureus.45632
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article ; Online: Omne vivum ex ovo: the oocyte reprogramming and remodeling activities.

    Fulka, Helena / Loi, Pasqualino / Czernik, Marta / Surani, Azim / Fulka, Josef

    Reproduction (Cambridge, England)

    2023  Volume 165, Issue 3, Page(s) R75–R89

    Abstract: In brief: Understanding the establishment of post-fertilization totipotency has broad implications for modern biotechnologies. This review summarizes the current knowledge of putative egg components governing this process following natural fertilization ...

    Abstract In brief: Understanding the establishment of post-fertilization totipotency has broad implications for modern biotechnologies. This review summarizes the current knowledge of putative egg components governing this process following natural fertilization and after somatic cell nuclear transfer.
    Abstract: The mammalian oocyte is a unique cell, and comprehending its physiology and biology is essential for understanding fertilization, totipotency and early events of embryogenesis. Consequently, research in these areas influences the outcomes of various technologies, for example, the production and conservation of laboratory and large animals with rare and valuable genotypes, the rescue of the species near extinction, as well as success in human assisted reproduction. Nevertheless, even the most advanced and sophisticated reproductive technologies of today do not always guarantee a favorable outcome. Elucidating the interactions of oocyte components with its natural partner cell - the sperm or an 'unnatural' somatic nucleus, when the somatic cell nucleus transfer is used is essential for understanding how totipotency is established and thus defining the requirements for normal development. One of the crucial aspects is the stoichiometry of different reprogramming and remodeling factors present in the oocyte and their balance. Here, we discuss how these factors, in combination, may lead to the formation of a new organism. We focus on the laboratory mouse and its genetic models, as this species has been instrumental in shaping our understanding of early post-fertilization events.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Animals ; Mice ; Male ; Semen ; Cell Nucleus/physiology ; Spermatozoa/physiology ; Embryonic Development ; Oocytes/physiology ; Mammals
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-01-12
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Review ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2034501-X
    ISSN 1741-7899 ; 1470-1626 ; 1476-3990
    ISSN (online) 1741-7899
    ISSN 1470-1626 ; 1476-3990
    DOI 10.1530/REP-22-0124
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article: Updates on British Thoracic Society Statement on Pleural Disease and Procedures 2023.

    Subedi, Ashish / Banjade, Prakash / Joshi, Sushil / Sharma, Munish / Surani, Salim

    The open respiratory medicine journal

    2023  Volume 17, Page(s) e18743064286775

    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-12-01
    Publishing country United Arab Emirates
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2395996-4
    ISSN 1874-3064
    ISSN 1874-3064
    DOI 10.2174/0118743064286775231128104253
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article ; Online: The Impact of Dynamic Real-Time Feedback on Patient Satisfaction Scores.

    Surani, Asif / Hammad, Muhammad / Agarwal, Nitendra / Segon, Ankur

    Journal of general internal medicine

    2022  Volume 38, Issue 2, Page(s) 361–365

    Abstract: Introduction: Providers' communication skills have a significant impact on patients' satisfaction. Improved patients' satisfaction has been positively correlated with various healthcare and financial outcomes. Patients' satisfaction in the inpatient ... ...

    Abstract Introduction: Providers' communication skills have a significant impact on patients' satisfaction. Improved patients' satisfaction has been positively correlated with various healthcare and financial outcomes. Patients' satisfaction in the inpatient setting is measured using the Hospital Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems (HCAHPS) survey. In this study, we evaluated the impact of dynamic real-time feedback to the providers on the HCAHPS scores.
    Methods: This was a randomized study conducted at our 550-bed level-1 tertiary care center. Twenty-six out of 27 hospitalists staffing our 12 medicine teams (including teams containing advanced practice providers (APPs) and house-staff teams) were randomized into intervention and control groups. Our research assistant interviewed 1110 patients over a period of 7 months and asked them the three provider communication-specific questions from the HCAHPS survey. Our intervention was a daily computer-generated email which alerted providers to their performance on HCAHPS questions (proportions of "always" responses) along with the performance of their peers and Medicare benchmarks.
    Results: The intervention and control groups were similar with regard to baseline HCAHPS scores and clinical experience. The proportion of "always" responses to the three questions related to provider communication was statistically significantly higher in the intervention group compared to the control group (86% vs 80.5%, p-value 0.00001). It was also noted that the HCAHPS scores were overall lower on the house-staff teams and higher on the teams with APPs.
    Conclusion: Real-time patients' feedback to inpatient providers with peer comparison via email has a positive impact on the provider-specific HCAHPS scores.
    MeSH term(s) Aged ; Humans ; Feedback ; Medicare ; Patient Satisfaction ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Tertiary Care Centers ; United States
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-04-27
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Randomized Controlled Trial
    ZDB-ID 639008-0
    ISSN 1525-1497 ; 0884-8734
    ISSN (online) 1525-1497
    ISSN 0884-8734
    DOI 10.1007/s11606-022-07614-1
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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