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  1. Article ; Online: Prevalence of NTRK Fusions in Canadian Solid Tumour Cancer Patients.

    Silvertown, Joshua D / Lisle, Connie / Semenuk, Laura / Knapp, Colleen / Jaynes, Jillann / Berg, Doreen / Kaul, Nabodita / Lachapelle, Josianne / Richardson, Leslie / Speevak, Marsha / Sarras, Haya / Berman, David M / Carter, Ronald / Feilotter, Harriet / Feltis, Timothy

    Molecular diagnosis & therapy

    2022  Volume 27, Issue 1, Page(s) 87–103

    Abstract: Introduction: Neurotrophic tyrosine receptor kinase (NTRK) gene fusions occur in ~ 0.3% of all solid tumours but are enriched in some rare tumour types. Tropomyosin receptor kinase (TRK) inhibitors larotrectinib and entrectinib are approved as tumour- ... ...

    Abstract Introduction: Neurotrophic tyrosine receptor kinase (NTRK) gene fusions occur in ~ 0.3% of all solid tumours but are enriched in some rare tumour types. Tropomyosin receptor kinase (TRK) inhibitors larotrectinib and entrectinib are approved as tumour-agnostic therapies for solid tumours harbouring NTRK fusions.
    Methods: This study investigated the prevalence of NTRK fusions in Canadian patients and also aimed to help guide NTRK testing paradigms through analysis of data reported from a national clinical diagnostic testing program between September 2019 and July 2021.
    Results: Of 1,687 patients included in the final analysis, NTRK fusions were detected in 0.71% (n = 12) of patients representing salivary gland carcinoma (n = 3), soft tissue sarcoma (n = 3), CNS (n = 3), and one in each of melanoma, lung, and colorectal cancer. All three salivary gland carcinomas contained ETV6-NTRK3 fusions. Thirteen (0.77%) clinically actionable incidental findings were also detected. Two of the 13 samples containing incidental findings were NTRK fusion-positive (GFOD1-NTRK2, FGFR3-TACC3 in a glioblastoma and AFAP1-NTRK2, BRAF c.1799T>A in a glioma). The testing algorithm screened most patient samples via pan-TRK immunohistochemistry (IHC), whereas samples from the central nervous system (CNS), pathognomonic cancers, and confirmed/ putative NTRK fusion-positive samples identified under research protocols were reflexed straight to next-generation sequencing (NGS).
    Conclusion: These findings highlight the benefit and practicality of a diagnostic testing program to identify patients suitable for tumour-agnostic TRK inhibitor therapies, as well as other targeted therapies, due to clinically actionable incidental findings identified. Collectively, these findings may inform future guidance on selecting the appropriate testing approach per tumour type and on optimal NTRK testing algorithms.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Canada/epidemiology ; Microtubule-Associated Proteins ; Neoplasms/genetics ; Neoplasms/metabolism ; Oncogene Proteins, Fusion/genetics ; Receptor, trkA/genetics ; Sarcoma/diagnosis ; Sarcoma/genetics
    Chemical Substances Microtubule-Associated Proteins ; Oncogene Proteins, Fusion ; Receptor, trkA (EC 2.7.10.1) ; TACC3 protein, human
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-10-04
    Publishing country New Zealand
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2232796-4
    ISSN 1179-2000 ; 1177-1062
    ISSN (online) 1179-2000
    ISSN 1177-1062
    DOI 10.1007/s40291-022-00617-y
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Quantitative large scale gene expression profiling from human stem cell culture micro samples using multiplex pre-amplification.

    Kibschull, Mark / Lye, Stephen J / Okino, Steven T / Sarras, Haya

    Systems biology in reproductive medicine

    2016  Volume 62, Issue 1, Page(s) 84–91

    Abstract: Transcriptional profiling is a powerful tool to study biological mechanisms during stem cell differentiation and reprogramming. Genome-wide methods like microarrays or next generation sequencing are expensive, time consuming, and require special ... ...

    Abstract Transcriptional profiling is a powerful tool to study biological mechanisms during stem cell differentiation and reprogramming. Genome-wide methods like microarrays or next generation sequencing are expensive, time consuming, and require special equipment and bioinformatics expertise. Quantitative RT-PCR remains one of today's most widely accepted and used methods for analyzing gene expression in biological samples. However, limitations in the amount of starting materials often hinder the quantity and quality of information that could be obtained from a given sample. Here, we present a fast 4-step workflow allowing direct, column-free RNA isolation from limited human pluripotent stem cell (hPSC) cultures that is directly compatible with subsequent reverse transcription, target specific multiplex pre-amplification, and standard SYBR-Green quantitative PCR (qPCR) analysis. The workflow delivers excellent correlations in normalized gene-expression data obtained from different samples of hPSCs over a wide range of cell numbers (500-50,000 cells). We demonstrate accurate and unbiased target gene quantification in limiting stem cell cultures which allows for monitoring embryoid body differentiation and induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) reprogramming. This method highlights a rapid and cost effective screening process, allowing reduction of culture formats and increase of processing throughputs for various stem cell applications.
    MeSH term(s) Cell Differentiation ; Cell Line ; Cells, Cultured ; Cost-Benefit Analysis ; Embryoid Bodies ; Gene Amplification/genetics ; Gene Expression Profiling/economics ; Gene Expression Profiling/methods ; High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing ; Humans ; Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells ; Microarray Analysis ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Stem Cells/metabolism ; Workflow
    Language English
    Publishing date 2016
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2417234-0
    ISSN 1939-6376 ; 1939-6368
    ISSN (online) 1939-6376
    ISSN 1939-6368
    DOI 10.3109/19396368.2015.1062578
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Evaluation of bias associated with high-multiplex, target-specific pre-amplification

    Steven T. Okino / Michelle Kong / Haya Sarras / Yan Wang

    Biomolecular Detection and Quantification, Vol 6, Iss C, Pp 13-

    2016  Volume 21

    Abstract: We developed a novel PCR-based pre-amplification (PreAmp) technology that can increase the abundance of over 350 target genes one million-fold. To assess potential bias introduced by PreAmp we utilized ERCC RNA reference standards, a model system that ... ...

    Abstract We developed a novel PCR-based pre-amplification (PreAmp) technology that can increase the abundance of over 350 target genes one million-fold. To assess potential bias introduced by PreAmp we utilized ERCC RNA reference standards, a model system that quantifies measurement error in RNA analysis. We assessed three types of bias: amplification bias, dynamic range bias and fold-change bias. We show that our PreAmp workflow introduces only minimal amplification and fold-change bias under stringent conditions. We do detect dynamic range bias if a target gene is highly abundant and PreAmp occurred for 16 or more PCR cycles; however, this type of bias is easily correctable. To assess PreAmp bias in a gene expression profiling experiment, we analyzed a panel of genes that are regulated during differentiation using the NTera2 stem cell model system. We find that results generated using PreAmp are similar to results obtained using standard qPCR (without the pre-amplification step). Importantly, PreAmp maintains patterns of gene expression changes across samples; the same biological insights would be derived from a PreAmp experiment as with a standard gene expression profiling experiment. We conclude that our PreAmp technology can facilitate analysis of extremely limited samples in gene expression quantification experiments.
    Keywords Pre-amplification ; PreAmp ; Gene expression profiling ; Bias ; PCR ; ERCC ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5 ; Microbiology ; QR1-502
    Subject code 612
    Language English
    Publishing date 2016-01-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Elsevier
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  4. Article: Evaluation of bias associated with high-multiplex, target-specific pre-amplification.

    Okino, Steven T / Kong, Michelle / Sarras, Haya / Wang, Yan

    Biomolecular detection and quantification

    2015  Volume 6, Page(s) 13–21

    Abstract: We developed a novel PCR-based pre-amplification (PreAmp) technology that can increase the abundance of over 350 target genes one million-fold. To assess potential bias introduced by PreAmp we utilized ERCC RNA reference standards, a model system that ... ...

    Abstract We developed a novel PCR-based pre-amplification (PreAmp) technology that can increase the abundance of over 350 target genes one million-fold. To assess potential bias introduced by PreAmp we utilized ERCC RNA reference standards, a model system that quantifies measurement error in RNA analysis. We assessed three types of bias: amplification bias, dynamic range bias and fold-change bias. We show that our PreAmp workflow introduces only minimal amplification and fold-change bias under stringent conditions. We do detect dynamic range bias if a target gene is highly abundant and PreAmp occurred for 16 or more PCR cycles; however, this type of bias is easily correctable. To assess PreAmp bias in a gene expression profiling experiment, we analyzed a panel of genes that are regulated during differentiation using the NTera2 stem cell model system. We find that results generated using PreAmp are similar to results obtained using standard qPCR (without the pre-amplification step). Importantly, PreAmp maintains patterns of gene expression changes across samples; the same biological insights would be derived from a PreAmp experiment as with a standard gene expression profiling experiment. We conclude that our PreAmp technology can facilitate analysis of extremely limited samples in gene expression quantification experiments.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2015-12-21
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2821770-6
    ISSN 2214-7535
    ISSN 2214-7535
    DOI 10.1016/j.bdq.2015.12.001
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: A novel amplification-based approach to enable gene expression profiling from small clinical tumor specimens.

    Sarras, Haya / Wu, Megan / Celebre, Angela / Merico, Daniele / Karamchandani, Jason / Das, Sunit

    Journal of neuro-oncology

    2015  Volume 126, Issue 1, Page(s) 69–75

    Abstract: Glioblastoma is the most common and deadly type of brain cancer. Over the past decade, several divergent genetic pathways have been implicated in the initiation, progression and clinical outcome of this disease. As our understanding of GBM expands and ... ...

    Abstract Glioblastoma is the most common and deadly type of brain cancer. Over the past decade, several divergent genetic pathways have been implicated in the initiation, progression and clinical outcome of this disease. As our understanding of GBM expands and identifies actionable targets specific to individual tumors, there will be a pressing need for the development of new tools that will maximize the use of limited clinical samples to enable the employment of personalized care paradigms. We used PrimePCR validated assays to generate a custom real-time PCR screening panel, containing 74 previously published mRNA targets showing gene expression changes in glioblastoma, and five house-keeping genes. A cohort of 19 frozen brain specimens were analyzed, including WHO Grade II oligodendroglioma (n = 3), WHO Grade II astrocytoma (n = 2), WHO Grade III astrocytoma (n = 1), and glioblastoma (n = 13). Four normal brain samples were also analyzed. We performed RNA extraction, followed by cDNA synthesis, multiplexed pre-amplification and SYBR-based qPCR, to generate expression profiles on all samples. We demonstrated that the workflow shows high tolerance to variation in RNA quality (RIN 8.5-4) and high sensitivity in detection. cDNA input that is equivalent to 3 ng of starting RNA was sufficient to conduct accurate semiquantitative analysis of the panel of 79 assays. Using principal component analysis, we were able to accurately separate glioblastoma from low-grade glioma. The two WHO Grade III tumors analyzed clustered with glioblastoma, but showed more similarity to Grade II gliomas. In this study, we have shown the feasibility of consolidating high-throughput data into a single functional panel capable of accurately classifying glioma specimens based solely on semiquantitative gene expression profiling.
    MeSH term(s) Biomarkers, Tumor/genetics ; Biomarkers, Tumor/metabolism ; Brain Neoplasms/genetics ; Female ; Gene Expression Profiling ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic/genetics ; Glioblastoma/genetics ; Humans ; Logistic Models ; Male ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Principal Component Analysis ; RNA, Messenger/metabolism
    Chemical Substances Biomarkers, Tumor ; RNA, Messenger
    Language English
    Publishing date 2015-10-14
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 604875-4
    ISSN 1573-7373 ; 0167-594X
    ISSN (online) 1573-7373
    ISSN 0167-594X
    DOI 10.1007/s11060-015-1953-4
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: In search of a function for BCLAF1.

    Sarras, Haya / Alizadeh Azami, Solmaz / McPherson, J Peter

    TheScientificWorldJournal

    2010  Volume 10, Page(s) 1450–1461

    Abstract: BCLAF1 was originally identified as a protein that interacts with antiapoptotic members of the Bcl2 family. Initial studies indicated a role for this protein as an inducer of apoptosis and repressor of transcription. Subsequent studies have shown that ... ...

    Abstract BCLAF1 was originally identified as a protein that interacts with antiapoptotic members of the Bcl2 family. Initial studies indicated a role for this protein as an inducer of apoptosis and repressor of transcription. Subsequent studies have shown that BCLAF1 plays criticals roles in a wide range of processes that are not normally associated with actions of Bcl2 family members, including lung development, T-cell activation, and control of the lytic infection program of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus. Here, we provide an overview of findings from past studies that both support and challenge the role of BCLAF1 in cell death and transcriptional control. We also present recent findings from our laboratory and others indicating a role for BCLAF1 in post-transcriptional processes that impact mRNA metabolism, instead of a direct role for this protein in apoptosis or transcription.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Apoptosis/genetics ; Apoptosis/physiology ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Herpesvirus 8, Human/genetics ; Humans ; Lymphocyte Activation ; MicroRNAs/genetics ; MicroRNAs/metabolism ; RNA Processing, Post-Transcriptional ; Repressor Proteins/genetics ; Repressor Proteins/metabolism ; Repressor Proteins/physiology ; Tumor Suppressor Proteins/genetics ; Tumor Suppressor Proteins/metabolism ; Tumor Suppressor Proteins/physiology
    Chemical Substances BCLAF1 protein, human ; MicroRNAs ; Repressor Proteins ; Tumor Suppressor Proteins
    Language English
    Publishing date 2010-07-20
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2075968-X
    ISSN 1537-744X ; 1537-744X
    ISSN (online) 1537-744X
    ISSN 1537-744X
    DOI 10.1100/tsw.2010.132
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article ; Online: In Search of a Function for BCLAF1

    Haya Sarras / Solmaz Alizadeh Azami / J. Peter McPherson

    The Scientific World Journal, Vol 10, Pp 1450-

    2010  Volume 1461

    Abstract: BCLAF1 was originally identified as a protein that interacts with antiapoptotic members of the Bcl2 family. Initial studies indicated a role for this protein as an inducer of apoptosis and repressor of transcription. Subsequent studies have shown that ... ...

    Abstract BCLAF1 was originally identified as a protein that interacts with antiapoptotic members of the Bcl2 family. Initial studies indicated a role for this protein as an inducer of apoptosis and repressor of transcription. Subsequent studies have shown that BCLAF1 plays criticals roles in a wide range of processes that are not normally associated with actions of Bcl2 family members, including lung development, T-cell activation, and control of the lytic infection program of Kaposi's sarcoma–associated herpesvirus. Here, we provide an overview of findings from past studies that both support and challenge the role of BCLAF1 in cell death and transcriptional control. We also present recent findings from our laboratory and others indicating a role for BCLAF1 in post-transcriptional processes that impact mRNA metabolism, instead of a direct role for this protein in apoptosis or transcription.
    Keywords Technology ; T ; Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
    Language English
    Publishing date 2010-01-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Hindawi Limited
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  8. Article: A role for Mus81 in the repair of chromium-induced DNA damage.

    Tamblyn, Laura / Li, Erica / Sarras, Haya / Srikanth, Prarthana / Hande, M Prakash / McPherson, J Peter

    Mutation research

    2009  Volume 660, Issue 1-2, Page(s) 57–65

    Abstract: Hexavalent chromium (Cr[VI]) is a toxic environmental contaminant that is capable of producing a broad spectrum of DNA damage. The ability of Cr[VI] to induce mutagenesis and neoplastic transformation has been attributed to its genotoxic action, however ... ...

    Abstract Hexavalent chromium (Cr[VI]) is a toxic environmental contaminant that is capable of producing a broad spectrum of DNA damage. The ability of Cr[VI] to induce mutagenesis and neoplastic transformation has been attributed to its genotoxic action, however our understanding of molecular mechanisms involved in the repair of Cr[VI]-induced DNA damage remains incomplete. Here, we report that Mus81, an enzyme that participates with Eme1 in the resolution of replication fork damage caused by certain lesions, is involved in the repair of Cr[VI]-induced DNA damage. Mus81-deficient cells were found to be more susceptible to Cr[VI]-induced proliferation arrest and more sensitive to the long-term cytotoxic effects of Cr[VI] than isogenic wild-type cells. Following Cr[VI] exposure, Mus81-deficient cells displayed a lag in the disappearance of Rad51 foci, exhibited elevated replication-associated gamma-H2AX and showed an increased incidence of chromosomal instability compared to wild-type cells. Our findings support a role for Mus81 in the resolution of replication-associated DNA damage associated with this genotoxic agent, by converting Cr[VI]-DNA lesions into a form more amenable for homologous recombination.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Cells, Cultured ; Chromium/pharmacology ; DNA Damage/drug effects ; DNA Repair/physiology ; DNA-Binding Proteins/genetics ; DNA-Binding Proteins/physiology ; Endonucleases/genetics ; Endonucleases/physiology ; Flow Cytometry ; Karyotyping ; Mice
    Chemical Substances DNA-Binding Proteins ; Chromium (0R0008Q3JB) ; chromium hexavalent ion (18540-29-9) ; Endonucleases (EC 3.1.-) ; Mus81 protein, mouse (EC 3.1.-)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2009-01-15
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 206607-5
    ISSN 1873-135X ; 0027-5107 ; 1383-5718 ; 0165-1110 ; 0165-1161 ; 0165-7992 ; 0921-8777 ; 0165-1218 ; 1383-5726 ; 0167-8817 ; 0921-8734 ; 1383-5742
    ISSN (online) 1873-135X
    ISSN 0027-5107 ; 1383-5718 ; 0165-1110 ; 0165-1161 ; 0165-7992 ; 0921-8777 ; 0165-1218 ; 1383-5726 ; 0167-8817 ; 0921-8734 ; 1383-5742
    DOI 10.1016/j.mrfmmm.2008.10.013
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article ; Online: Interplay between Np95 and Eme1 in the DNA damage response.

    Mistry, Helena / Gibson, Lianne / Yun, Ji Weon / Sarras, Haya / Tamblyn, Laura / McPherson, John Peter

    Biochemical and biophysical research communications

    2008  Volume 375, Issue 3, Page(s) 321–325

    Abstract: Mus81 (methyl methansulfonate UV sensitive clone 81) and Eme1 (essential meiotic endonuclease 1, also known as MMS4) form a heterodimeric endonuclease that is critical for genomic stability and the response to DNA crosslink damage and replication ... ...

    Abstract Mus81 (methyl methansulfonate UV sensitive clone 81) and Eme1 (essential meiotic endonuclease 1, also known as MMS4) form a heterodimeric endonuclease that is critical for genomic stability and the response to DNA crosslink damage and replication blockade. However, relatively little is known as to how this endonuclease is regulated following DNA damage. Here, we report mammalian Eme1 interacts with Np95, an E3 ubiquitin ligase that participates in chromatin modification, replication-linked epigenetic maintenance and the DNA damage response. Np95 and Eme1 co-localize on nuclear chromatin following exposure of cells to camptothecin, an agent that promotes the collapse of replication forks. The observed co localization following DNA damage was found to be dependent on an intact RING finger, the structural motif that encodes the E3 ubiquitin ligase activity of Np95. Taken together, these findings link Mus81-Eme1 with the replication-associated chromatin modifier functions of Np95 in the cellular response to DNA damage.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Chromatin/metabolism ; DNA Damage ; Endodeoxyribonucleases/genetics ; Endodeoxyribonucleases/metabolism ; HeLa Cells ; Humans ; Immunoprecipitation ; Mice ; NIH 3T3 Cells ; Nuclear Proteins/genetics ; Nuclear Proteins/metabolism ; RING Finger Domains/genetics ; Two-Hybrid System Techniques ; Ubiquitination
    Chemical Substances Chromatin ; Nuclear Proteins ; Uhrf1 protein, mouse ; Eme1 protein, mouse (EC 3.1.-) ; Endodeoxyribonucleases (EC 3.1.-)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2008-10-24
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 205723-2
    ISSN 1090-2104 ; 0006-291X ; 0006-291X
    ISSN (online) 1090-2104 ; 0006-291X
    ISSN 0006-291X
    DOI 10.1016/j.bbrc.2008.07.146
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article ; Online: Elevated PICK1 mRNA in schizophrenia increased SRR mRNA in suicide.

    Sarras, Haya / Semeralul, Mawahib O / Fadel, Marc P / Feldcamp, Laura A / Labrie, Viviane / Wong, Albert H C

    Schizophrenia research

    2010  Volume 120, Issue 1-3, Page(s) 236–237

    MeSH term(s) Analysis of Variance ; Bipolar Disorder/genetics ; Bipolar Disorder/metabolism ; Carrier Proteins/genetics ; Carrier Proteins/metabolism ; Gene Expression Regulation/physiology ; Humans ; Nuclear Proteins/genetics ; Nuclear Proteins/metabolism ; RNA, Messenger/metabolism ; Racemases and Epimerases/genetics ; Racemases and Epimerases/metabolism ; Schizophrenia/genetics ; Schizophrenia/metabolism ; Schizophrenic Psychology ; Suicide
    Chemical Substances Carrier Proteins ; Nuclear Proteins ; PICk1 protein, human ; RNA, Messenger ; Racemases and Epimerases (EC 5.1.-) ; serine racemase (EC 5.1.1.16)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2010-07
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Letter
    ZDB-ID 639422-x
    ISSN 1573-2509 ; 0920-9964
    ISSN (online) 1573-2509
    ISSN 0920-9964
    DOI 10.1016/j.schres.2010.03.002
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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