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Article ; Online: Survival benefit of neoadjuvant FOLFIRINOX for patients with borderline resectable pancreatic cancer.

Waugh, Evelyn / Glinka, Juan / Breadner, Daniel / Liu, Rachel / Tang, Ephraim / Allen, Laura / Welch, Stephen / Leslie, Ken / Skaro, Anton

Annals of hepato-biliary-pancreatic surgery

2024

Abstract: Backgrounds/aims: While patients with borderline resectable pancreatic cancer (BRPC) are a target population for neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC), formal guidelines for neoadjuvant therapy are lacking. We assessed the perioperative and oncological ... ...

Abstract	Backgrounds/aims: While patients with borderline resectable pancreatic cancer (BRPC) are a target population for neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC), formal guidelines for neoadjuvant therapy are lacking. We assessed the perioperative and oncological outcomes in patients with BRPC undergoing NAC with FOLFIRINOX for patients undergoing upfront surgery (US). Methods: The AHPBA criteria for borderline resectability and/or a CA19-9 level > 100 μ/mL defined borderline resectable tumors retrieved from a prospectively populated institutional registry from 2007 to 2020. The primary outcome was overall survival (OS) at 1 and 3 years. A Cox Proportional Hazard model based on intention to treat was used. A receiver-operator characteristics (ROC) curve was constructed to assess the discriminatory capability of the use of CA19-9 > 100 μ/mL to predict resectability and mortality. Results: Forty BRPC patients underwent NAC, while 46 underwent US. The median OS with NAC was 19.8 months (interquartile range [IQR] 10.3-44.24) vs. 10.6 months (IQR 6.37-17.6) with US. At 1 year, 70% of the NAC group and 41.3% of the US group survived ( Conclusions: We found a survival benefit of NAC with FOLFIRINOX for BRPC. Greater pre-treatment of CA19-9 and multivessel involvement on initial imaging were associated with progression of the disease following NAC.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-01
Publishing country	Korea (South)
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	3012179-6
ISSN	2508-5859 ; 2508-5778
ISSN (online)	2508-5859
ISSN	2508-5778
DOI	10.14701/ahbps.23-107
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Article ; Online: Does It Matter How We Speak About Social Kinds? A Large, Preregistered, Online Experimental Study of How Language Shapes the Development of Essentialist Beliefs.

Leshin, Rachel A / Leslie, Sarah-Jane / Rhodes, Marjorie

Child development

2021 Volume 92, Issue 4, Page(s) e531–e547

Abstract: A problematic way to think about social categories is to essentialize them-to treat particular differences between people as marking fundamentally distinct social kinds. From where do these beliefs arise? Language that expresses generic claims about ... ...

Abstract	A problematic way to think about social categories is to essentialize them-to treat particular differences between people as marking fundamentally distinct social kinds. From where do these beliefs arise? Language that expresses generic claims about categories elicits some aspects of essentialism, but the scope of these effects remains unclear. This study (N = 204, ages 4.5-8 years, 73% White; recruited predominantly from the United States and the United Kingdom to participate online in 2019) found that generic language increases two critical aspects of essentialist thought: Beliefs that (a) category-related properties arise from intrinsic causal mechanisms and (b) category boundaries are inflexible. These findings have implications for understanding the spread of essentialist beliefs across communities and the development of intergroup behavior.
MeSH term(s)	Child ; Child, Preschool ; Humans ; Language ; United Kingdom ; United States
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-01-29
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
ZDB-ID	215602-7
ISSN	1467-8624 ; 0009-3920
ISSN (online)	1467-8624
ISSN	0009-3920
DOI	10.1111/cdev.13527
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Article ; Online: Targeted Combination of Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerase Inhibitors and Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors Lacking Evidence of Benefit: Focus in Ovarian Cancer.

Bailey, Morgan / Morand, Susan / Royfman, Rachel / Lin, Leslie / Singh, Aditi / Stanbery, Laura / Walter, Adam / Hamouda, Danae / Nemunaitis, John

International journal of molecular sciences

2024 Volume 25, Issue 6

Abstract: The emergence of targeted therapeutics in ovarian cancer, particularly poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors (PARPi's), has created additional opportunities for patients seeking frontline and recurrent disease management options. In particular, PARPi's ...

Abstract	The emergence of targeted therapeutics in ovarian cancer, particularly poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors (PARPi's), has created additional opportunities for patients seeking frontline and recurrent disease management options. In particular, PARPi's have shown clinical benefits in BRCA mutant and/or homologous recombination deficient (HRD) ovarian cancer. Until recently, response was thought to be limited in
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Female ; Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerase Inhibitors/therapeutic use ; Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerase Inhibitors/pharmacology ; Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors/pharmacology ; Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors/therapeutic use ; Ovarian Neoplasms/drug therapy ; Ovarian Neoplasms/genetics ; Homologous Recombination ; Biomarkers
Chemical Substances	Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerase Inhibitors ; Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors ; Biomarkers
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-03-09
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2019364-6
ISSN	1422-0067 ; 1422-0067 ; 1661-6596
ISSN (online)	1422-0067
ISSN	1422-0067 ; 1661-6596
DOI	10.3390/ijms25063173
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Article ; Online: Longitudinal impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on adolescents living with HIV in New York City.

Posada, Roberto / Waldman, Rachel / Chory, Ashley / Martin, Roxanne / Cohen, Ariella / Chiacchia, Sam / Childs, Jocelyn / Enane, Leslie A / Vreeman, Rachel

AIDS care

2022 Volume 35, Issue 5, Page(s) 629–633

Abstract: Adolescents living with HIV (ALWH) are particularly susceptible to disruptions in care, which may lead to poor HIV-related health outcomes. Here, we report the results of a longitudinal phone-based study investigating impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on ... ...

Abstract	Adolescents living with HIV (ALWH) are particularly susceptible to disruptions in care, which may lead to poor HIV-related health outcomes. Here, we report the results of a longitudinal phone-based study investigating impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on ALWH in New York City. Participants (
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Female ; Adolescent ; Young Adult ; Adult ; Male ; COVID-19 ; HIV Infections/epidemiology ; Pandemics ; New York City ; Longitudinal Studies
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-06-27
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1012651-x
ISSN	1360-0451 ; 0954-0121
ISSN (online)	1360-0451
ISSN	0954-0121
DOI	10.1080/09540121.2022.2090491
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Article: Providencia stuartii

George, Elisabeth A / Kornik, Rachel / Robinson-Bostom, Leslie

JAAD case reports

2020 Volume 6, Issue 5, Page(s) 422–425

Language	English
Publishing date	2020-04-30
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Case Reports
ZDB-ID	2834220-3
ISSN	2352-5126
ISSN	2352-5126
DOI	10.1016/j.jdcr.2020.02.043
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Article ; Online: Initial renal replacement therapy (RRT) modality associates with 90-day postdischarge RRT dependence in critically ill AKI survivors.

Koyner, Jay L / Mackey, Rachel H / Echeverri, Jorge / Rosenthal, Ning A / Carabuena, Leslie A / Bronson-Lowe, Daniel / Harenski, Kai / Neyra, Javier A

Journal of critical care

2024 Volume 82, Page(s) 154764

Abstract: Purpose: Real-world comparison of RRT modality on RRT dependence at 90 days postdischarge among ICU patients discharged alive after RRT for acute kidney injury (AKI).: Methods: Using claims-linked to US hospital discharge data (Premier PINC AI ... ...

Abstract	Purpose: Real-world comparison of RRT modality on RRT dependence at 90 days postdischarge among ICU patients discharged alive after RRT for acute kidney injury (AKI). Methods: Using claims-linked to US hospital discharge data (Premier PINC AI Healthcare Database [PHD]), we compared continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) vs. intermittent hemodialysis (IHD) for AKI in adult ICU patients discharged alive from January 1, 2018 to June 30, 2021. RRT dependence at 90 days postdischarge was defined as ≥2 RRT treatments in the last 8 days. Between-group differences were balanced using inverse probability treatment weighting (IPTW). Results: Of 34,804 patients, 3804 patients (from 382 hospitals) had claims coverage for days 83-90 postdischarge. Compared to IHD-treated patients (n = 2740), CRRT-treated patients (n = 1064) were younger; had more admission to large teaching hospitals, surgery, sepsis, shock, mechanical ventilation, but lower prevalence of comorbidities (p < 0.05 for all). Compared to IHD-treated patients, CRRT-treated patients had lower RRT dependence at hospital discharge (26.5% vs. 29.8%, p = 0.04) and lower RRT dependence at 90 days postdischarge (4.9% vs. 7.4% p = 0.006) with weighted adjusted OR (95% CI): 0.68 (0.47-0.97), p = 0.03. Results persisted in sensitivity analyses including patients who died during days 1-90 postdischarge (n = 112) or excluding patients from hospitals with IHD patients only (n = 335), or when excluding patients who switched RRT modalities (n = 451). Conclusions: Adjusted for potential confounders, the odds of RRT dependence at 90 days postdischarge among survivors of RRT for AKI was 30% lower for those treated first with CRRT vs. IHD, overall and in several sensitivity analyses. Summary: Critically ill patients in intensive care units (ICU) may develop acute kidney injury (AKI) that requires renal replacement therapy (RRT) to temporarily replace the injured kidney function of cleaning the blood. Two main types of RRT in the ICU are called continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT), which is performed almost continuously, i.e., for >18 h per day, and intermittent hemodialysis (IHD), which is a more rapid RRT that is usually completed in a little bit over 6 h, several times per week. The slower CRRT may be gentler on the kidneys and is more likely to be used in the sickest patients, who may not be able to tolerate IHD. We conducted a data-analysis study to evaluate whether long-term effects on kidney function (assessed by ongoing need for RRT, i.e., RRT dependence) differ depending on use of CRRT vs. IHD. In a very large US linked hospital-discharge/claims database we found that among ICU patients discharge alive after RRT for AKI, fewer CRRT-treated patients had RRT dependence at hospital discharge (26.5% vs. 29.8%, p = 0.04) and at 90 days after discharge (4.9% vs. 7.4% p = 0.006). In adjusted models, RRT dependence at 90 days postdischarge was >30% lower for CRRT than IHD-treated patients. These results from a non-randomized study suggest that among survivors of RRT for AKI, CRRT may result in less RRT dependence 90 days after hospital discharge.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-03-08
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	632818-0
ISSN	1557-8615 ; 0883-9441
ISSN (online)	1557-8615
ISSN	0883-9441
DOI	10.1016/j.jcrc.2024.154764
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Zs.A 2152: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Assessment of Role of Platelet Indices in the Occurrence of Retinopathy of Prematurity.

Reddy, Rudhira M / Bhandary, Sulatha V / Rao, Krishna A / Lewis, Leslie E / Lal, Shivakumar M / Rachel, Namitha M

Middle East African journal of ophthalmology

2023 Volume 29, Issue 2, Page(s) 91–95

Abstract: Purpose: Platelets have a major role in the regulation of angiogenesis. Platelets have proangiogenic factors like vascular endothelial growth factor, which causes neovascularization of immature retina. However, there is no conclusive evidence to show ... ...

Abstract	Purpose: Platelets have a major role in the regulation of angiogenesis. Platelets have proangiogenic factors like vascular endothelial growth factor, which causes neovascularization of immature retina. However, there is no conclusive evidence to show that platelet indices have a role in retinopathy of prematurity (ROP). This study is aimed at assessing the role of platelet indices in the occurrence and need for treatment of ROP. Methods: This prospective cohort study included the screening of preterm babies (<37 weeks of gestation with birth weight <2000 g). The samples of platelet indices (mean platelet volume [MPV], platelet count [PLT], plateletcrit [PCT], and platelet distribution width [PDW]) collected within 1 Results: A total of 300 preterm babies were screened, of whom, 55 (18.3%) babies had ROP changes. The association of the presence of ROP changes and platelet indices was not statistically significant ( Conclusion: Abnormal platelet indices did not show any significant risk with the occurrence or need for treatment of ROP.
MeSH term(s)	Infant, Newborn ; Infant ; Humans ; Retinopathy of Prematurity/diagnosis ; Retinopathy of Prematurity/epidemiology ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A ; Prospective Studies ; Blood Platelets/physiology ; Platelet Count
Chemical Substances	Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-02-24
Publishing country	India
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2545467-5
ISSN	0975-1599 ; 0975-1599
ISSN (online)	0975-1599
ISSN	0975-1599
DOI	10.4103/meajo.meajo_246_21
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Article ; Online: Student challenges during third-year perioperative clerkships through the lens of faculty and residents: A qualitative study.

Wile, Rachel K / Barnes, Katherine E / Charondo, Leslie B / Breyer, Kristine / Lager, Jeannette / Campbell, Andre / O'Sullivan, Patricia S

The clinical teacher

2024

Abstract: Purpose: Studies of medical students suggest they often find the transition from the pre-clinical curriculum to clinical rotations particularly challenging during perioperative clerkships. Educators could add a new perspective into students' clerkship ... ...

Abstract	Purpose: Studies of medical students suggest they often find the transition from the pre-clinical curriculum to clinical rotations particularly challenging during perioperative clerkships. Educators could add a new perspective into students' clerkship experiences and potential interventions to improve them. The purpose of this study was to examine the educator perspective on students' experiences in perioperative clerkships. The findings could inform potential curricular interventions to facilitate student transition from a didactic environment into perioperative clerkships. Methods: Semi-structured qualitative interviews were conducted with 16 faculty and residents in the departments of anaesthesia, obstetrics and gynaecology (OBGYN), and general surgery across multiple clinical teaching sites at one institution. Interview questions explored their perceptions of the challenges students face during their transition into perioperative clerkships and probed thoughts on curriculum interventions they believed would be the most beneficial. Interviews were recorded, transcribed and analysed thematically. Findings: Three themes were identified. Faculty and residents perceive that student experiences on perioperative clerkships are shaped by (1) students' ability to adapt to the specialty and operating room norms on these clerkships, (2) students' understanding of how they can meaningfully contribute to the clinical team, and (3) dedicated teaching time constraints. Interventions were suggested to address educator expectations and student gaps, such as implementing a pre-clerkship orientation across anaesthesia, general surgery and OBGYN. Conclusions: To facilitate the medical student transition to perioperative clerkships, interventions should aid students in adapting to clerkship norms for these specialties and clarifying their role and expectations within the care team.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-07
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2151518-9
ISSN	1743-498X ; 1743-4971
ISSN (online)	1743-498X
ISSN	1743-4971
DOI	10.1111/tct.13742
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Article ; Online: Inactivation of SARS-CoV-2 by commercially available alcohol-based hand sanitizers.

Leslie, Rachel A / Zhou, S Steve / Macinga, David R

American journal of infection control

2020 Volume 49, Issue 3, Page(s) 401–402

Abstract: Alcohol-based hand sanitizers are being recommended as an infection prevention measure for COVID-19. Recently published data indicates that ethanol effectively inactivates the SARS-CoV-2 virus, but there is a lack of data for formulated hand sanitizer ... ...

Abstract	Alcohol-based hand sanitizers are being recommended as an infection prevention measure for COVID-19. Recently published data indicates that ethanol effectively inactivates the SARS-CoV-2 virus, but there is a lack of data for formulated hand sanitizer products currently used in U.S. healthcare and general settings. This study demonstrates a commercially available foam and gel alcohol-based hand sanitizer are effective in inactivating SARS-CoV-2 in suspension.
MeSH term(s)	COVID-19/prevention & control ; Ethanol/pharmacology ; Hand Disinfection/methods ; Hand Sanitizers/pharmacology ; Humans ; SARS-CoV-2/drug effects
Chemical Substances	Hand Sanitizers ; Ethanol (3K9958V90M)
Keywords	covid19
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-08-18
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	392362-9
ISSN	1527-3296 ; 0196-6553
ISSN (online)	1527-3296
ISSN	0196-6553
DOI	10.1016/j.ajic.2020.08.020
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Article ; Online: Investigating wastewater treatment plant effluent and pharmaceutical exposure on innate cytokine expression of darters (Etheostoma spp.) in the Grand River watershed.

Dawe, Rachel E / Bragg, Leslie M / Dhiyebi, Hadi A / Servos, Mark R / Craig, Paul M

Comparative biochemistry and physiology. Part B, Biochemistry & molecular biology

2023 Volume 269, Page(s) 110875

Abstract: Fish live in continuous contact with various stressors and antigenic material present within their environments. The impact of stressors associated with wastewater-exposed environments on fish has become of particular interest in toxicology studies. The ... ...

Abstract	Fish live in continuous contact with various stressors and antigenic material present within their environments. The impact of stressors associated with wastewater-exposed environments on fish has become of particular interest in toxicology studies. The objectives of this study were to examine potential effects of wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) effluent-associated stressors on innate cytokine expression within the gills of darter species (Etheostoma spp.), using both field and laboratory approaches. Male and female darters (rainbow, greenside, fantail, and johnny darters) were collected upstream and downstream of the Waterloo WWTP in the Grand River, Ontario. Gill samples were collected from fish in the field and from a second subset of fish brought back to the laboratory. Laboratory fish were acutely exposed (96-h) to an environmentally relevant concentration of venlafaxine (1.0 μg/L), a commonly prescribed antidepressant. To assess the impacts of these stressors on the innate immunity of darters, the expression of key innate cytokines was examined. Minor significant effects on innate cytokine expression were observed between upstream and downstream fish. Moderate effects on cytokine expression were observed in venlafaxine-exposed fish compared to their control counterparts however, changes were not indicative of a biologically significant immune response occurring due to the exposure. Although the results of this study did not display extensive impacts of effluent and pharmaceutical exposure on innate cytokine expression within the gills, they provide a novel avenue of study, illustrating the importance of examining potential impacts that effluent-associated stressors can have on fundamental immune responses of native fish species.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Cytokines/genetics ; Cytokines/metabolism ; Venlafaxine Hydrochloride/metabolism ; Water Pollutants, Chemical/toxicity ; Perches/physiology ; Birds ; Water Purification ; Pharmaceutical Preparations/metabolism
Chemical Substances	Cytokines ; Venlafaxine Hydrochloride (7D7RX5A8MO) ; Water Pollutants, Chemical ; Pharmaceutical Preparations
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-06-12
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	121247-3
ISSN	1879-1107 ; 0305-0491 ; 1096-4959
ISSN (online)	1879-1107
ISSN	0305-0491 ; 1096-4959
DOI	10.1016/j.cbpb.2023.110875
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