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Article ; Online: B-Cell Responses to Intramuscular Administration of a Bivalent Virus-Like Particle Human Norovirus Vaccine.

Ramani, Sasirekha / Neill, Frederick H / Ferreira, Jennifer / Treanor, John J / Frey, Sharon E / Topham, David J / Goodwin, Robert R / Borkowski, Astrid / Baehner, Frank / Mendelman, Paul M / Estes, Mary K / Atmar, Robert L

Clinical and vaccine immunology : CVI

2017 Volume 24, Issue 5

Abstract: ... IgG memory B cells were identified to be another potential correlate of protection against HuNoV ... gastroenteritis. We assessed B-cell responses following intramuscular administration of a bivalent (genogroup ... with the bivalent VLP vaccine induced the production of antibody-secreting cells (ASCs) and memory B cells. ASC ...

Abstract	Human noroviruses (HuNoVs) are a leading cause of acute gastroenteritis worldwide. A virus-like particle (VLP) candidate vaccine induces the production of serum histo-blood group antigen (HBGA)-blocking antibodies, the first identified correlate of protection from HuNoV gastroenteritis. Recently, virus-specific IgG memory B cells were identified to be another potential correlate of protection against HuNoV gastroenteritis. We assessed B-cell responses following intramuscular administration of a bivalent (genogroup I, genotype 1 [GI.1]/genogroup II, genotype 4 [GII.4]) VLP vaccine using protocols identical to those used to evaluate cellular immunity following experimental GI.1 HuNoV infection. The kinetics and magnitude of cellular immunity to G1.1 infection were compared to those after VLP vaccination. Intramuscular immunization with the bivalent VLP vaccine induced the production of antibody-secreting cells (ASCs) and memory B cells. ASC responses peaked at day 7 after the first dose of vaccine and returned to nearly baseline levels by day 28. Minimal increases in ASCs were seen after a second vaccine dose at day 28. Antigen-specific IgG memory B cells persisted at day 180 postvaccination for both GI.1 and GII.4 VLPs. The overall trends in B-cell responses to vaccination were similar to the trends in the responses to infection, where there was a greater bias of an ASC response toward IgA and a memory B-cell response to IgG. The magnitude of the ASC and memory B-cell responses to the GI.1 VLP component of the vaccine was also comparable to that of the responses following GI.1 infection. The production of IgG memory B cells and persistence at day 180 is a key finding and underscores the need for future studies to determine if IgG memory B cells are a correlate of protection following vaccination. (This study has been registered at ClinicalTrials.gov under registration no. NCT01168401.).
Language	English
Publishing date	2017-05
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2221082-9
ISSN	1556-679X ; 1556-6811
ISSN (online)	1556-679X
ISSN	1556-6811
DOI	10.1128/CVI.00571-16
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Article: Artificial Intelligence: A Next-Level Approach in Confronting the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Mahalakshmi, V / Balobaid, Awatef / Kanisha, B / Sasirekha, R / Ramkumar Raja, M

Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland)

2023 Volume 11, Issue 6

Abstract: The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) which caused coronavirus diseases (COVID-19) in late 2019 in China created a devastating economical loss and loss of human lives. To date, 11 variants have been identified with minimum to ... ...

Abstract	The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) which caused coronavirus diseases (COVID-19) in late 2019 in China created a devastating economical loss and loss of human lives. To date, 11 variants have been identified with minimum to maximum severity of infection and surges in cases. Bacterial co-infection/secondary infection is identified during viral respiratory infection, which is a vital reason for morbidity and mortality. The occurrence of secondary infections is an additional burden to the healthcare system; therefore, the quick diagnosis of both COVID-19 and secondary infections will reduce work pressure on healthcare workers. Therefore, well-established support from Artificial Intelligence (AI) could reduce the stress in healthcare and even help in creating novel products to defend against the coronavirus. AI is one of the rapidly growing fields with numerous applications for the healthcare sector. The present review aims to access the recent literature on the role of AI and how its subfamily machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) are used to curb the pandemic's effects. We discuss the role of AI in COVID-19 infections, the detection of secondary infections, technology-assisted protection from COVID-19, global laws and regulations on AI, and the impact of the pandemic on public life.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-03-14
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2721009-1
ISSN	2227-9032
ISSN	2227-9032
DOI	10.3390/healthcare11060854
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Article: Prevalence of ESBL, AmpC β-lactamases and MRSA among uropathogens and its antibiogram.

Sasirekha, B

EXCLI journal

2013 Volume 12, Page(s) 81–88

Abstract: Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are one of the most common bacterial infections in humans. Current knowledge on antimicrobial susceptibility pattern is essential for appropriate therapy. Therefore the aim of the present study was to determine the ... ...

Abstract	Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are one of the most common bacterial infections in humans. Current knowledge on antimicrobial susceptibility pattern is essential for appropriate therapy. Therefore the aim of the present study was to determine the distribution and antibiotic susceptibility pattern of bacterial strains, with special reference to ESBL, AmpC β-lactamase and MRSA production. A total of 325 clinical isolates were collected from UTI patients from various tertiary care hospitals over a period of 6 months (June 2011 to December 2011). The antimicrobial susceptibility to various drugs was studied by the disc diffusion method as guided by CLSI guidelines. Confirmation of the extended spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL), AmpC β-lactamase and methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) production was done by an E-test respectively. Of the 325 isolates, 225 were characterized as gram negative and 77 isolates as S. aureus isolates. The majority (69.3 %) of the isolates were from females compared to males (30.7 %). Prevalence of ESBL and AmpC β-lactamase and the coexistence of the phenotype (ESBL+ AmpC β-lactamase) and MRSA in the urinary isolates were found to be 48.9 %, 20.4 %, 6.2 % and 27.5 % respectively. Ampicillin/sulbactam, norfloxacin should be no longer considered as first line of drugs for UTI, because of high resistance. Parentral drugs such as aminoglycosides, carbapenems and piperacillin/tazobactum can be the alternative choice for complicated UTI. Also, control measures such as judicious use of antibiotics, formulation of infection committee may control the spread of resistance.
Language	English
Publishing date	2013-01-30
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	1611-2156
ISSN	1611-2156
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Article ; Online: Assisted assembling of Bi

K, Annamalai / Natarajan, Sasirekha / S, Balakumar

Chemosphere

2023 Volume 345, Page(s) 140488

Abstract: The current study explores the possibility of effectively improving ... ...

Abstract	The current study explores the possibility of effectively improving Bi
MeSH term(s)	Water ; Light ; Carbon ; Nanoparticles ; Pharmaceutical Preparations
Chemical Substances	graphene oxide ; Water (059QF0KO0R) ; Carbon (7440-44-0) ; Pharmaceutical Preparations
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-10-26
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	120089-6
ISSN	1879-1298 ; 0045-6535 ; 0366-7111
ISSN (online)	1879-1298
ISSN	0045-6535 ; 0366-7111
DOI	10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140488
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Article ; Online: Artificial Intelligence

V. Mahalakshmi / Awatef Balobaid / B. Kanisha / R. Sasirekha / M. Ramkumar Raja

Healthcare, Vol 11, Iss 854, p

A Next-Level Approach in Confronting the COVID-19 Pandemic

2023 Volume 854

Abstract	The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) which caused coronavirus diseases (COVID-19) in late 2019 in China created a devastating economical loss and loss of human lives. To date, 11 variants have been identified with minimum to maximum severity of infection and surges in cases. Bacterial co-infection/secondary infection is identified during viral respiratory infection, which is a vital reason for morbidity and mortality. The occurrence of secondary infections is an additional burden to the healthcare system; therefore, the quick diagnosis of both COVID-19 and secondary infections will reduce work pressure on healthcare workers. Therefore, well-established support from Artificial Intelligence (AI) could reduce the stress in healthcare and even help in creating novel products to defend against the coronavirus. AI is one of the rapidly growing fields with numerous applications for the healthcare sector. The present review aims to access the recent literature on the role of AI and how its subfamily machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) are used to curb the pandemic’s effects. We discuss the role of AI in COVID-19 infections, the detection of secondary infections, technology-assisted protection from COVID-19, global laws and regulations on AI, and the impact of the pandemic on public life.
Keywords	artificial intelligence ; COVID-19 ; nanofiber mask ; face mask ; coronavirus ; AI law ; Medicine ; R
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-03-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article: The Role of Navitoclax in Myelofibrosis.

Pandravada, Sasirekha / Sandler, Steven

Cureus

2021 Volume 13, Issue 9, Page(s) e17976

Abstract: ... we discuss the role of a new anti-apoptotic B cell leukemia 2 (Bcl-2) inhibitor, Navitoclax ...

Abstract	Primary myelofibrosis (PMF) is the most aggressive type of chronic myeloproliferative neoplasm, characterized by a disarray of hematopoietic stem cells and bone marrow fibrosis. The estimated incidence is 1.5 per 100,000 individuals per year with a median survival of less than six years. This statistic can vary by risk category, primarily based on clinical and cytogenetic features. Death can result from many causes, including leukemic transformation, cachexia, vascular events, and infection. Currently, allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplant is the only curative method for those at high risk. Unfortunately, only about 10% are eligible for this therapy. JAK2 kinase inhibitors are commonly used for high-risk patients with symptomatic splenomegaly or systemic symptoms from PMF. In clinical trials, the major endpoint is a reduction of spleen size by 35%. Secondary endpoints have included amelioration of symptomatic PMF and overall survival, which can be difficult to determine because of frequent co-morbid conditions. Current Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved JAK2 inhibitors have not shown increased survival or reduced risk of leukemic transformation. In relapsed or refractory disease, there is currently no standard of care. In this paper, we discuss the role of a new anti-apoptotic B cell leukemia 2 (Bcl-2) inhibitor, Navitoclax, for the treatment of myelofibrosis. The clinical data thus far for Navitoclax, especially in synergistic combination with traditional JAK2 inhibitors, have been promising for those with a refractory or relapsing disease on prior therapies. Following the encouraging results of phase II trials, ongoing phase III trials will primarily evaluate splenic size reduction versus the standard of care and evaluate secondary endpoints such as symptom reduction and overall survival. These studies may establish a new standard of care for refractory or relapsed myelofibrosis.
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-09-14
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2747273-5
ISSN	2168-8184
ISSN	2168-8184
DOI	10.7759/cureus.17976
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Article ; Online: Human milk cream alters intestinal microbiome of preterm infants: a prospective cohort study.

Adeniyi-Ipadeola, Grace O / Hoffman, Kristi L / Yang, Heeju / Javornik Cregeen, Sara J / Preidis, Geoffrey A / Ramani, Sasirekha / Hair, Amy B

Pediatric research

2024

Abstract: Background: In very low birth weight (VLBW) infants, human milk cream added to standard human milk fortification is used to improve growth. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of cream supplement on the intestinal microbiome of VLBW infants.: ... ...

Abstract	Background: In very low birth weight (VLBW) infants, human milk cream added to standard human milk fortification is used to improve growth. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of cream supplement on the intestinal microbiome of VLBW infants. Methods: Whole genome shotgun sequencing was performed on stool (n = 57) collected from a cohort of 23 infants weighing 500-1250 grams (control = 12, cream = 11). Both groups received an exclusive human milk diet (mother's own milk, donor human milk, and donor human milk-derived fortifier) with the cream group receiving an additional 2 kcal/oz cream at 100 mL/kg/day of fortified feeds and then 4 kcal/oz if poor growth. Results: While there were no significant differences in alpha diversity, infants receiving cream significantly differed from infants in the control group in beta diversity. Cream group samples had significantly higher prevalence of Proteobacteria and significantly lower Firmicutes compared to control group. Klebsiella species dominated the microbiota of cream-exposed infants, along with bacterial pathways involved in lipid metabolism and metabolism of cofactors and amino acids. Conclusions: Cream supplementation significantly altered composition of the intestinal microbiome of VLBW infants to favor increased prevalence of Proteobacteria and functional gene content associated with these bacteria. Impact: We report changes to the intestinal microbiome associated with administration of human milk cream; a novel supplement used to improve growth rates of preterm very low birth weight infants. Since little is known about the impact of cream on intestinal microbiota composition of very low birth weight infants, our study provides valuable insight on the effects of diet on the microbiome of this population. Dietary supplements administered to preterm infants in neonatal intensive care units have the potential to influence the intestinal microbiome composition which may affect overall health status of the infant.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-16
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	4411-8
ISSN	1530-0447 ; 0031-3998
ISSN (online)	1530-0447
ISSN	0031-3998
DOI	10.1038/s41390-023-02948-w
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Article: Siderophore production by Pseudomonas aeruginosa FP6, a biocontrol strain for Rhizoctonia solani and Colletotrichum gloeosporioides causing diseases in chilli

Sasirekha, Bakthavatchalu / Shivakumar Srividya

Kasetsart University Agriculture and natural resources. 2016 July, v. 50, no. 4

2016

Abstract: ... The maximum siderophore production was obtained in succinate medium (125 μM) followed by King's B medium (105 ... against Rhizoctonia solani and Colletotrichum gloeosporioides on King's B media, with and without FeCl3 ...

Abstract	Siderophores are compounds secreted under low iron stress, which act as specific ferric iron chelating agents. Owing to their potential in the biological control of fungal phytopathogens, they may be used as an alternative strategy to chemical control. Pseudomonas aeruginosa FP6, previously isolated from rhizospheric soil samples was screened for its siderophore production on a chrome-azurol S agar plate. Change in the colour of the chrome-azurol S agar from blue to orange red confirmed the siderophore producing ability of P. aeruginosa FP6. The effects of various physicochemical parameters on siderophore production were studied. The maximum siderophore production was obtained in succinate medium (125 μM) followed by King's B medium (105 μM). The presence of sucrose and mannitol increased the siderophore production. Yeast extract proved to be the most suitable nitrogen source. Media supplemented with Pb2+, Mn2+ and Mg2+ showed appreciable siderophore production as well as growth of cultures. An increase in the iron concentration favoured growth but substantially reduced siderophore production. The strain when tested for its in-vitro antagonistic activity against Rhizoctonia solani and Colletotrichum gloeosporioides on King's B media, with and without FeCl3, showed a significant reduction in R. solani growth with FeCl3 supplementation compared to the control (without FeCl3), suggesting the role of siderophore mediated antagonism of R. solani. Antifungal activity was not influenced by FeCl3 in the case of C. gloeosporioides, suggesting the presence of other antagonistic mechanisms.
Keywords	agar ; antagonism ; antifungal properties ; biological control ; chelating agents ; chemical control ; color ; ferric chloride ; Glomerella cingulata ; iron ; lead ; magnesium ; manganese ; mannitol ; natural resources ; nitrogen ; physicochemical properties ; plant pathogenic fungi ; Pseudomonas aeruginosa ; siderophores ; soil sampling ; succinic acid ; sucrose ; Thanatephorus cucumeris ; yeast extract
Language	English
Dates of publication	2016-07
Size	p. 250-256.
Publishing place	Elsevier B.V.
Document type	Article
ISSN	2452-316X
DOI	10.1016/j.anres.2016.02.003
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article: Adherence to medical nutrition therapy and it's challenges among antenatal women with gestational diabetes mellitus in South India- A sequential explanatory mixed-method study.

Ravel, Vanessa / Jayaseelan, Venkatachalam / Rengaraj, Sasirekha / Lakshminarayanan, Subitha / Kannusamy, Sivaranjini / Susindhran, Balaji

Journal of education and health promotion

2023 Volume 12, Page(s) 28

Abstract: Background: Globally, one in ten pregnant women have diabetes; out of which, 90% contribute to gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Medical Nutrition Therapy (MNT) is the cornerstone for GDM treatment yet adherence to MNT among the masses is not ... ...

Abstract	Background: Globally, one in ten pregnant women have diabetes; out of which, 90% contribute to gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Medical Nutrition Therapy (MNT) is the cornerstone for GDM treatment yet adherence to MNT among the masses is not adequately monitored as part of the routine antenatal services. The study aimed to estimate the proportion of adherence to MNT and determine the factors related toadherence among antenatal women with GDM. This study also explores the facilitators, barriers, and possible suggestions for improving adherence. Materials and methods: This facility-based sequential explanatory mixed-method study was conducted among 341 antenatal women with GDM at, Puducherry. The study was conducted in 2021. Dietary adherence was evaluated using Perceived Dietary Adherence Questionnaire and based on the scores obtained they were selected for in-depth interviews to explore the facilitators and barriers. Collected data wereanalysed by Chi-square test using STATA version 16. Results: Out of 341 participants, the proportion of participants adherent to MNT was 135 (39.6%) with 95% CI of 34%-44%. Thepredictors for poor adherence were unemployment (PR: 0.65; 95%CI: 0.48-0.88) and good adherence was antenatal women in the 2 Conclusions: About two-thirds of antenatal women with GDM are non-adherent to MNT. Unemployment and period of gestation were found to be theirdeterminants. Appropriate action has to be implemented for improving the adherence rate.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-01-31
Publishing country	India
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2715449-X
ISSN	2319-6440 ; 2277-9531
ISSN (online)	2319-6440
ISSN	2277-9531
DOI	10.4103/jehp.jehp_930_22
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Article: Association between common mental disorder and glycemic control in women with gestational diabetes: A mixed-method study.

Soni, Bhanushree / Jayaseelan, Venkatachalam / Kattimani, Shivanand / Rengaraj, Sasirekha / Arikrishnan, Kalaiselvy / Veerasetty, Naveenkumar

Indian journal of psychiatry

2023 Volume 65, Issue 9, Page(s) 941–948

Abstract: Background: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is associated with an increased risk of mental health disorders among pregnant women. Poor mental health can negatively impact glycemic control in women with GDM, leading to adverse outcomes for both the ... ...

Abstract	Background: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is associated with an increased risk of mental health disorders among pregnant women. Poor mental health can negatively impact glycemic control in women with GDM, leading to adverse outcomes for both the mother and the baby. Aim: To determine the prevalence of common mental disorder (CMD) in women with GDM and its association with poor glycemic control. Additionally, to explore the reasons and coping strategies for CMD in women with GDM. Methods: A sequential explanatory mixed-method study was conducted among 351 women with GDM visiting a tertiary care hospital. The prevalence of CMD was assessed using Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7), Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), and Perceived Stress Scale (PSS). Glycemic control was determined based on two-hour postprandial blood glucose levels. In-depth interviews were conducted with six women who screened positive for CMD and had poor glycemic control. Data were analyzed using SPSS v23 and stats v12. Chi-square test and Poisson regression were performed, and adjusted prevalence ratios (aPRs) were reported. Results: The prevalence of CMD was found to be 19.08% (95% CI: 15.32%-23.52%), with 18.2% (95% CI: 14.5%-22.6%) anxiety symptoms 8.3% (95% CI: 5.8%-11.6%) depressive symptoms and stress each. CMD was significantly related to poor glycemic control (aPR: 1.58; 95% CI: 1.23-2.03; Conclusion: Common mental health disorders are prevalent in women with GDM. It has a negative association with glycemic control. Implementing a routine screening program in the ANC clinic can aid in early identification and prompt management of the CMD and its associated complications.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-09-05
Publishing country	India
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	221523-8
ISSN	0019-5545
ISSN	0019-5545
DOI	10.4103/indianjpsychiatry.indianjpsychiatry_402_23
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